小升初英语衔接班 9页

一.教学内容：小升初英语衔接班第4讲重点语法串讲 二.重点、难点：1.初学简单句2.情态动词群英会 三.具体内容：初学简单句学好初中阶段简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧！（一）主语+谓语动词解读：在此句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词，其后没有宾语。有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词。如：Myheadaches.我头疼。 （二）主语+谓语动词+宾语解读：该句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整、准确。宾语可以由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。如：Ifinishedreadingthebook.我读完了这本书。 （三）主语+谓语动词+表语解读：此句型中的谓语动词是系动词，它本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，它必须和表语一起构成谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词、代词、数词、介词短语及不定式结构等充当。如：1.Mybooksareonthedesk.我的书在书桌上。2.Thefoodseemstobenice.这食物似乎不错。点击一：系动词有两类，一类是说明情况的：be，look，feel，seem，taste，sound，smell等；另一类是表示变化的：become，get，turn，grow等。点击二：初中阶段学过的只能作表语的形容词有：alone,asleep,afraid,alive等。 （四）主语+谓语动词+间宾+直宾解读：在该句型中，间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语之后，即构成“主语+谓语+直宾+介词+间宾”的句型。如：1.Couldyoupassmethesalt?（=Couldyoupassthesalttome?）请你把盐给我好吗？2.UncleWangmadethefarmersmanymachines.（=UncleWangmademanymachinesforthefarmers.）王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器。\n点击一：须在间接宾语前加to的常见动词有：give，show，send，bring，pass，lend，tell，teach等；须在间接宾语前加for的常见动词有：make，buy，do，sing，cook，find等。点击二：如果直接宾语为人称代词宾格时，则只能用“主语+谓语+直宾+介词+间宾”的表达形式。如：I’llshowittomybrother.我要把它给我的弟弟看。 （五）主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾补解读：宾补的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。它可以由名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式和介词短语等充当。如：1.Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean. 请保持教室清洁。2.Sheaskedmetocallhimagain.她让我再给他打个电话。点击一：使役动词make,let,have等后接不带to的不定式作宾补。如：Hemademeworktwelvehoursaday.他让我一天工作十二小时。点击二：感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾补，也可用v-ing形式作宾补。前者表示动作已结束，后者表示动作正在发生。试比较：1.Hesawagirlgetonthebus.他看见一个女孩上车了（上车的动作已经结束）。2.Hesawagirlgettingonthebus.他看见一个女孩在上车（上车的动作正在进行）。情态动词群英会情态动词表示说话人的语气和情态，它们没有人称和数的变化（haveto除外），且不能单独作谓语，必须和主要动词一起构成句子的谓语动词。初中阶段出现的情态动词主要有：can，may，must，haveto，need，should等。can意为“能；会；可以”。表示能力，其否定式是cannot=can’t。如：Shecansing.她会唱歌。表示请求许可。CanI...?意思是“我可以……吗？”，较口语化。can的过去式是could，表示过去的能力。如：Lucycouldswimattheageoffive.露西五岁时就会游泳了。could也可表示较can更为委婉的语气。如：Couldyouhelpme?帮帮我好吗？can表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。若是疑问句，其肯定回答用may或must。如：—Wherecanitbe?它会在哪里呢？—Itmay/mustbeinyourdesk.它可能/一定在你的课桌里。may意为“可以；可能”。表示请求、许可。\n如：MayIlookatyourCDplayer? 我可以看一下你的CD机吗？表示可能性（说话人的猜测），常用于肯定句中。如：Yoursistermaybewaitingforyounow.你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢。must意为“必须；应该；一定”。表示说话人的主观意志，表示必须要做的。如：Wemustfinishreadingthebookintwoweeks.我们必须在两周内看完这本书。表示说话人对事物的推测，语气比may肯定，只用于肯定句中。如：Mr.Liumustbeintheoffice.刘老师一定在办公室。haveto意为“必须；不得不”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形，表示客观需要。如：WhenIwasyourage，Ialreadyhadtowork.need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于疑问句和否定句中。如：Needyouhelphimstudy?你需要帮助他学习吗？Youmustnottakethebookoutoftheclassroom.你不能把这本书拿出教室。以may引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用mustn’t；以must引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用needn’t；而以need引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答要用must。如：1.—MayIcomein?我可以进来吗？—No,youmustn’t.不，不行。2.—Mustwecleanthewindowsnow?我们现在必须擦窗户吗？   —No,youneedn’t.不，用不着现在擦。3.—NeedIgotheretomorrow?明天我需要去那里吗？ —Yes,youmust.是的，需要。 【模拟试题】一.词汇（每小题1分，共15分）（A）根据句意及首字母提示，补全所缺单词。1.Hersisterworksinarestaurant.Sheisaw_________.2.Heoftengoestothelibrarytob_________someinterestingbooks.3.H________isoneofthemostinterestingsubjects.Ilikeitalot.4.Ifyouwanttoc_______astreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.5.It’stood________toplayfootballinthestreet.（B）根据括号内的汉语，用适当的英语单词填空。6.Thebook“WhoMovedMy_______（奶酪）?”isaverygoodone,Ithink.7.Iwanttobuysome_______（土豆）.8.Whopicked_______（更少些）apples,TomorJohn?9.HisfamilymovedtoBeijingbecausehefoundagood_______（工作）there.\n10.Youmustbemorecareful.Thatcar_______（差点儿）hityou. （C）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。11.Allthe_______（visit）mustwaitinthewaitingroom.12.It’snotfar.It’sonlyfive_______（minute）walk.13.It’seasytoget_______（lose）inabigcitylikeShanghai.14.Theyare_______（friend）toeachother.15.Don’ttalkinclass.Theteacherwillnotbe_______（please）ifyoutalk. 二.单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。（   ）16.Youmustn’tplayfootballinthestreetbecausethere’s_______traffic.Acarmayhityou.A.muchtoo           B.toomuch     C.toomany           D.manytoo（   ）17.—Mydaughteratealotoficecreaminschool.              —_______.A.Sodidshe             B.Shedidso    C.Soshedid              D.Sowasshe（   ）18.I’llcallyouwhenmymother_______Wuhantomorrow.A.getto               B.arrives      C.reaches               D.arriveat（   ）19.Theheadmasterstopped______tousbecausetherewasacallforhim.A.talking              B.totalk       C.saying               D.tosay（   ）20.Ihaven’theardfromBill_______helefthere. A.when            B.before           C.since             D.while（   ）21.—HowlongmayI_______thisbook?—Twoweeks.A.keep            B.borrow           C.lend             D.buy（   ）22.Thisbook_______Lucy’s.Look!Hernameisonthebookcover.A.mustbe         B.maybe      C.can’tbe              D.mustn’tbe（   ）23.Youwillstayhealthy_______youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.A.if          B.when          C.before      D.where（   ）24.Everyone_______here.Let’sstartourclass.A.am          B.is            C.are         D.be（   ）25.Ican’tfindthekey_______mybike.SoIhavetowalkhome.A.of          B.for           C.to          D.on（   ）26.—CanIhavealookatyourpicture? —Certainly._______.A.Hereisit    B.Hereitis    C.Heretheyare      D.Hereareyou（   ）27.She_______cometomorrow,orshe_______,I’mnotsure.A.can,can’t    B.may,can’t    C.must,mustn’t          D.may,maynot（   ）28.Tonightwewillhave_______toeat.A.somethingdelicious       B.delicioussomethingC.anythingdelicious      D.deliciousanything（   ）29.Ibought_______exercise-bookswith_______moneyyesterday.A.afew,afew                     B.afew,alittle  C.alittle,afew                    D.alittle,alittle（   ）30._______Lily_______Lucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.\nA.Not,but            B.Neither,nor      C.Both,and           D.Either,or 三.句型转换（每小题1分，共10分）（A）按要求改写下列句子，每空一词（含缩写）。31.Theyareveryhappytoseeeachother.（改为感叹句）______________theyaretoseeeachother!32.Alltheworkershadtostaytherelastyear.（改为反意疑问句）Alltheworkershadtostaytherelastyear,______________?33.Theladywenttothehospitalbecauseherbackhurt.（对划线部分提问）______________theladygotothehospital?34.I’dliketohavedinnerwiththem.（改为一般疑问句）______________liketohavedinnerwiththem?35.Bothyouandhearegoodatswimming.（改为否定句）_______you_______heisgoodatswimming. （B）根据上句完成下句，使上下两句意思相同或相近，每空一词（含缩写）。36.Theyhadagoodtimeyesterdayinthepark.They______________yesterdayinthepark.37.HowcanIgettothebookshop?Canyoutellmethe______________thebook-shop?38.Hurryup,oryouwon’tcatchtheearlybus._______you_______hurryup,youwon’tcatchtheearlybus.39.Sheboughtnothingforhersonyesterday.She_______buy_______forhersonyesterday.40.Chinesefoodismoredeliciousthananyotherkindoffood,Ithink.Chinesefoodis______________deliciousofallthefood,Ithink. 四.补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）用下面所给的句子填空，使对话意思完整。A.Wouldyoulikesome? B.It’sverykindofyou!C.Oh,no.             D.Anothercupoftea?E.Itmustbedelicious. A：It’sverycoldthismorning.Wouldyoulikeacupofhottea?B：Yes.         41          A：Withsugar?B：     42      Idon’tlikesugar.A：Butyouhadteawithsugarlastyear,didn’tyou?B：Yes,butthedoctorhastoldmeit’sbadformetohavethat.A：Isee.Here’ssomethingcookedathome.     43            B：     44      ButIhadbreakfasthalfanhourago.Iamfullnow.A：     45          \nB：No,thanks.That’senough. 五.完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Petertelephonedhisgirl-friendJoan.Hesaid,“I’vegottwotickets 46 thefilmtonight.Please 47 meoutsidemyoffice.We’llget 48 toeatandthengotothecinema.”Joanwas 49 .Shelikedgoingtothecinema.JoanmetPeteroutsidehisoffice.Firsttheyhada 50 inasmallrestaurantandthen 51 theirwaytothecinema.Ittookthemhalfanhourtogetthere.AttheentrancePetertookouthiswallettogetthetickets,  52 theyweren’tinit. “  53 theyareinyourpockets.”saidJoan.Theywerenotthere,either.“What’s 54 ?Wherearethetickets?”askedJoan.Peterthoughtforamoment.Thenhesaid,“Iremembernow.Imustputtheminmydesk.I’ve 55 themintheoffice.I’mverysorry,Joan.”“Itdoesn’tmatter.It’sfuntohaveawalkatnight,isn’tit?”（   ）46.A.at                    B.of                    C.for                 D.into（   ）47.A.phone              B.drive                C.help               D.meet（   ）48.A.something        B.anything           C.everything               D.nothing（   ）49.A.happy              B.sorry                C.worried                 D.right（   ）50.A.seats                B.breakfast          C.meal              D.things（   ）51.A.did                   B.made              C.moved            D.left（   ）52.A.but                         B.and                  C.so                         D.or（   ）53.A.May                 B.Must                C.Maybe            D.Will（   ）54.A.matter              B.that                  C.it                   D.wrong（   ）55.A.left                         B.forgotten                C.threw            D.caught 六.阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容选择最佳答案。AMrs.Jonesgavemusiclessonsataschool.Shehadagoodvoiceandenjoyedsinging.Theonlyproblemwasthatsomeofherhighnotes（音符）soundedlikeagatethatsomeonehadforgottentooil（上油）.Mrs.Jonesknewthisandpracticedthesehighnoteswhenshewasfree.Asshelivedinasmallhouseinafarawayplace,sheoftenwentforlongwalksalongthecountryroadsandpracticedthehighnotesthere.Everytimesheheardacarorapersoncomingalongtheroad,shestoppedandwaiteduntilthecarorthepersonwasinfrontofher.Onedayacarsuddenlystoppedandamanjumpedoutandbegantolookathiscarcarefully.Tohisgreatsurprise,hecouldn’tfindanythingwrongwithit.Hegotbackintothecaranddroveoff（   ）56.Mrs.Joneswas_______.A.amusicteacher                      B.anartteacherC.abusdriver                    D.asinger（   ）57.Ifsheheardacarorapersoncomingalongtheroad,shewould_______.A.goforawalkalongthecountryroadB.stopsingingandwaitC.keeponpracticing\nD.makeasoundlikeagatethatsomeonehadforgottentooil（   ）58.Itwasdifficultforthewoman_______.A.tosinglownotes                    B.tosinghighnotesC.tohaveagoodvoice               D.toenjoysinging（   ）59.Thedriverdidn’thearthewomansinging,didhe?A.Yes,hedid.                     B.No,hedidn’t.  C.Wedidn’tknow.             D.Heheardthesong.（   ）60.Whydidthedriverstophiscarsuddenly?A.Becausehethoughttherewassomethingwrongwithhiscar.B.Becausehedrovetoofast.C.BecausehewantedtosayhellotoMrs.Jones.D.BecauseheenjoyedMrs.Jones’voice. BBobwasclever,butheneverworkedhardathislessons.“ImustmakeBobworkmoreandplayless,”hisfathersaidtohimself.“ImustletBobknowIcareabouthisstudyverymuch.”Sohewrotedownsomequestions.HewasgoingtoaskBobtwoorthreequestionseachday,anddecidedtobeginwiththesimplestones.ThateveningwhenBobcamehomefromschool,hisfatherbroughtupthefirstquestion.“Bob,”saidhisfather,“howmanylettersarethereinthealphabet?” “Idon’tknow,”Bobsaid. “Youdon’tknow?”thefatherlookedunhappy.“Youstartedschooltwoyearsago,andyoudon’tevenknowhowmanylettersthereareinthealphabet?” “Isthatsosurprising?Well,letmeaskyouaquestion,Dad.Youstartedtoworkinthepostofficefiveyearsago,didn’tyou?”“Yes?”Bob’sfatherwasconfused（迷惑的）.   “Thencanyoutellmehowmanylettersthereareintheletter-boxoverthere?”（   ）61.WhywasBobbadathissubjects?A.Becausehewasn’tcleverenough.B.Becauseheneverwenttoschool.C.Becausehedidn’tworkhardathislessons.D.Becausehisfatherhadnotimetohelphim.（   ）62.Whatdidthefatherdecidetodo?A.HedecidedtogiveBobsomeeasyhomeworktodoeveryday.B.HedecidedtoaskBobtowritedownsomequestionseachday.C.Hedecidedtobeginwiththehardestquestions.D.HedecidedtoaskBobafewquestionseachday.（   ）63.What’stheChinesemeaningof“alphabet”?A.It’s“词典”.               B.It’s“字母表”.C.It’s“邮局”.             D.It’s“音标”.（   ）64.HowlongwasBobatschool?A.Fiveyears.                       B.Twoweeks. C.Fourseasons.                          D.Twenty-fourmonths.（   ）65.Whichofthefollowingisright?\nA.Boblearnedsomethingveryslowly.B.Thefatherdidn’tworkinapostoffice.C.Bobknewtheanswertohisfather’squestion.D.Thefathercouldnotanswerhisson’squestion. CI’velovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasMothersatwritingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pensandwhitepaper,Idecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemostwonderfulthingintheworld.Yearslater,duringherfinalillness,Motherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother.“Butthedesk,”shesaidagain,“it’sforElizabeth.”Ineversawherangry,neversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme;sheshoweditinaction.Butasayounggirl,Iwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Theyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional（易动感情的）”.Butshelived“onthesurface（表面）”.AsyearspassedIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwrotetoherincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgive（原谅）me.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame.Myhopeturnedtodisappointment（失望）,thenlittleinterestand,finally,peace—itseemedthatnothinghappened.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottomother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot.Nowthepresentofherdesktold,asshe’dneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaone-pageletter,folded（折叠）andrefoldedmanytimes.Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.（   ）66.Thewriterbegantolovehermother’sdesk______.A.afterMotherdied  B.beforeshebecameawriterC.whenshewasachildD.whenMothergaveittoher（   ）67.Thepassageshowsthat_______.A.MotherwascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughterB.MotherwastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddoneC.MothercaredmuchaboutherdaughterinwordsD.Motherwrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords（   ）68.Theword“gulf”inthepassagemeans_______.A.deepunderstandingbetweentheoldandtheyoungB.differentideasbetweenthemotherandthedaughterC.freetalksbetweenthemotherandthedaughterD.partoftheseagoingfarinland（   ）69.Whatdidmotherdowithherdaughter’sletteraskingforgiveness?A.Shehadneverreceivedtheletter.\nB.Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.C.Shedidn’tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.D.Shedidn’tanswerherdaughter’sletter.（   ）70.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyLettertoMother  B.MotherandChildrenC.MyMother’sDesk   D.TalksBetweenMotherandMe 【试题答案】1.waitress        2.borrow           3.History             4.cross5.dangerous     6.Cheese                    7.potatoes   8.fewer9.job                10.nearly                    11.visitors     12.minutes’13.lost                    14.friendly           15.pleased16—20.BCCAC                            21—25.AAABC26—30.BBABD31.Howhappy         32.didn’tthey            33.Whydid34.Wouldyou          35.Neither,nor            36.enjoyedthemselves37.wayto              38.If,don’t39.didn’t,anything   40.themost41—45.BCAED       46—50.CDAAC51—55.BACDA     56—60.ABBAA61—65.CDBDD     66—70.CABDC