小升初形容词副词 7页

精选资料欢迎下载形容词和副词一．形容词1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特点等的词；一般“的”的词都是形容词；如：Sheisabeautifulgirl.〔美丽的〕2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语；如：Ihaveaninterestingbook.〔interesting好玩的，修饰book，在句中作定语〕Wearehappytoday.〔happy欢乐的，在句中作表语〕Studentsshouldkeeptheirclassroomcleanandtidy.〔clean洁净的，tidy洁净的，在句中都作宾语补足语〕3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列次序限定词+外观类+外形+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才）如：atall17-year-oldblackAmericanboy.一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩；thebigroundredwoodentable.又大又圆的红色木质饭桌；二．副词：1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等；仍可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中作状语；一般“地”的词都是副词；如：Youmustlistentotheteachercarefully.〔认真地，认真地〕2.副词的分类1)时间副词:now,today等2）频度副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never2)地点副词：here,there,upstairs,downstairs等3)方式副词：carefully,fast,well,politely等4)程度副词:much,little,quite等5)疑问副词:how,when,where,why等三．形容词转化成副词1.一般在形容词后加ly,如：quick-quickly2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i,加ly,如：happy-happily3.以ue结尾的形容词，去e加ly,如：true-truly注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast,hard,high,late,far等，它们的词性只有通过详细语境来判定；另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly,lovelylonely,lively等；四．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成\n精选资料欢迎下载1.比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如tall-taller,well-better2.最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如long-longest3.比较级和最高级的变化规章：规章变化（单音节和少数双音节）：a.在词尾直接加-er/est,如：short-shorter-shortestb.词尾是e，只加-r/st,如：nice-nicer-nicestc.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再加-er/est,如：happy-happier-happiestd.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est,如：big-bigger-biggeste.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加more/most,如：more/mostdelicious不规章变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）词义原级比较级最高级好good/wellbetterbest坏bad/badly/illworseworst多many/muchmoremost少littlelessleast远farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest五．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：1.原级的用法：用于两者之间对比，意思为“和相同”相当于thesameas确定句：A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+asBTomisashonestasJack.JackrunsasfastasPeter.否定句：A+动词.+notas/so.+形容词/副词原级+asBThistreeisnotas/sotallasthatone.2.比较级的用法:1）A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+BSusanishappierthanJane.LilyrunfasterthanMary注：形容词/副词比较级前仍可以用much,even,still,alittle，far,alot,abit来修饰；2）数字（倍数）+形容词/副词比较级+thanI’mtwoyearsolderthanyou.Ourclassroomistwicebiggerthanyours.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”\n精选资料欢迎下载Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4）the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越,就越”Themore,thebetter.越多越好；（多多益善）1.最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词全部格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范畴的短语；1）oneofthe+最高级ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina.2）比较级句型表达最高级意义A+动词+比较级+than+anyother+B〔单数〕如：TheChangjiangRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.A+动词+比较级+than+theother+B〔复数〕如：TheChangjiangRiverislongerthantheotherriversinChina.以上两句意思相当于：TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.随堂演练（满分100分）一、写出以下形容词或副词的比较级、最高级〔23*1分=23分〕oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwell二、依据句意填入单词的正确形式：（23*1分=23分）1.Mybrotheristwoyears〔old〕thanme.2.Tomisas〔fat〕asJim.3.Isyoursister〔young〕thanyou.Yes,sheis.4.Whois〔thin〕,youorHelen.Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis〔big〕,yoursorhers.Hersis.6.Mary’shairisas〔long〕asLucy’s.7.Ben〔jump〕〔high〕thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.Nancysing〔well〕thanHelen.Yes,she.9.Fangfangisnotas〔tall〕astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare〔big〕than〔she〕..\n精选资料欢迎下载10.Whichis〔heavy〕,theelephantorthepig.12.Whogetsup〔early〕,TimorTom.13.thegirlsgetup〔early〕thantheboys.No,they.14.Jimruns〔slow〕.ButBenruns〔slow〕.15.Thechilddoesn’t〔write〕as〔fast〕asthestudents.三、小小翻译家：（62*0.5分=31分）1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你；isthanJim？are.2、谁比David更强壮？是GaoShan.thanDavid.GaoShan.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的仍是她的？我想是她的；pencilis,or？is,Ithink.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的仍是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的；apples,youroryour.My.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的；asasyouruncle.Yes,Iam.6、他和他的伴侣Jim一样年轻；HeasasJim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦；asastwin.No,thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚；YangLingtothanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一样远；IasasMike.10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快；Tomthanyou.No,he.Heasas.11.多做运动，你会更强壮；moreexercise,youll’soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好；IatScience.ButIdon’twellinChinese.13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低；youthekitethanWangbing.No,Iitthan.14.我喜爱游泳；我全部的伴侣都游得比我慢；Ilike.Allmythanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早；Myupthanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的；thegirlstheboys.Yes,they.17.她不善于体育；但我跳得没有她高；Shedoesn’tinPE.ButIdon’tthan.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好；youfootballthanyourclassmates.No,theyasasme.\n精选资料欢迎下载五、选词填空（18*1分=18分）1.Mysisterisgetting.A.faterandfaterB.fatterandfatterC.morefatterandfatterD.moreandmorefatter2.Theyaretousthanbefore.A.friendB.friendlyC.morefriendlyD.friendier3.Jackistheboyourclass.A.tallest.inB.taller.inC.mosttall.ofD.moretall.of4.Itisnotwarmyesterday.Putonmoreclothes.A.so.onB.so.inC.as.atD.as.as5.HangzhouisoneofcitiesIhavevisited.A.beautifulB.beauitifulierC.morebeautifulD.themostbeautiful6.BothAndyandIdriveslowly.Tomdrivesfast.SoTomdrivesofall.A.slowerB.theslowestC.fasterD.thefastest7．Mysisterisagirl.A．goodB．wellC．very8．一Isityourtoytaxi.一No.it’．shisA．MaybeB．MayC．Maybe9．areyou.—I’m,thankyo．uA．What；goodB．How；fineC．What；fineD．How；good10．一Canyouhelpme.—.A．YesB．ExcusemeC．CertainlyD．How11．ThegrassaroundmyhouseisVery．A.blackB．blueC．green12．Theskyis.Thec1oudis．A．blue；redB．red；brownC．blue；white13．Thechildiskind．A．muchB．verymuchC．very14．一CouldIuseyourpen，please.—.A．NoB．CertainlyC．Excuseme15．IgotoSchoolat8：00a．m．A．veryB．muchC．often\n精选资料欢迎下载16．Ihaveandoll.A．oldbeautifulB．beautifulo1dC．smallold17．MrWangisateacher.A.talloldEnglishB.EnglisholdtallC.oldtallEnglish18．Orangesare．A．purpleB．blueC．orange课后练习一、按要求写出以下单词的比较级和最高级1.good2.thin3.heavy4.happy5.long6.little7.far8.careful9.slow10.well11.low12.beautiful13.large14.famous15.delicious16.interesting17.important18.cheap19.easy20.high二、依据句意，用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空1.Jimworks〔hard〕,buthisbrotherworks〔hard〕thanhim.2.It’smuch〔hot〕todaythanyesterday.3.MrSmithisthe〔rich〕maninthisoffice.4.Thismatchis〔exciting〕ofthethree.5.Mymotheristhe〔busy〕inmyfamily.6.Beijingisoneofthe〔beautiful〕cityinChina.7.Thisbookis〔interesting〕thanthatbook.8.Whichgoes〔quick〕,thebusorthecar.9.Look.Hishandsare〔big〕thanmine.10.Ithinkyoudothesethings〔well〕thanyourclassmates.11.Whosebagis〔heavy〕,yoursormine.12.DoesJimrunas〔slow〕asDavid.Yes,butMikeruns〔slow〕thanthem.13.I’mvery〔thin〕,butshe’s〔thin〕thanme.14.Myeyesare〔big〕than〔she〕.\n精选资料欢迎下载25.Mybrotheristwoyears〔old〕thanme.三、单项挑选题1.Whichsubjectdoyoulike,mathsorEnglish.A.goodB.betterC.wellD.best2.Thisredroseisofallflowers.A.beautifulerB.muchmorebeautifulC.themostbeautifulD.beautiful3.Mybookisnewerthan.A.heB.hisC.ourD.we4.Heisstudentinhisclass.A.goodB.betterC.thebestD.best5.Look.Thebeethanthebird.A.flyhigherB.isflyinghigherC.ashighasD.flieshigher6.Hishensareandfat.A.bigB.biggerC.biggestD.thebiggest7.Sheknowsabouthistorythanmostpeople.A.moreB.muchC.mostD.many8.Itwasreallyanstory.A.afraidB.excitedC.excitingD.worried9.Whichcityisfromhere,BeijingorShanghai.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.thefarthest10.Thisbuildingisthattree.A.sotallasB.astallasC.sotallasD.astalleras五、挑选正确的词填空；Sarahis12years〔old,older〕.Sheisoneyear〔older,oldest〕thanme.ButIam0.1meter〔taller,tallest〕thanher.ShestudiesinGuangzhouinterationalShool.Shestudiesthe〔harder,hardest〕inherclass.Everyonelikesher.Yesterday,shewasill.Shetooksomemedicineandshefeels〔good,better〕now.