初中英语中考复习资料大全98062 78页

--一般现在时主要用于下面几情况：　　1)描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。　　在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always,everyday,often,onceaweek(month,year,etc。),sometimes,seldom,usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：　　Theyraiseducksasasideline。他们以养鸭为副业。　　Shedoesn'toftenwritetoherfamily,onlyonceamonth.她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。　　Icycletoworkeveryday。我每天骑自行车上班。　　Itseldomrainshere。这儿很少下雨。　　2)仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。　　这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：　　Hecanspeakfiveforeignlanguages。他能说五种外语。　　Thatisabeautifulcity。那是座美丽的城市。　　ChangjiangRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。　　Shemajorsinmusic。她主修音乐。　　Allmyfamilylovefootball。我全家人都喜欢足球。　　Mysisterisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我妹妹总是乐于助人。　　3)陈述客观事实、客观真理。　　顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。例如：　　Thesunrisesintheeast。日出东方。　　Theearthgoesaroundthesun。地球绕着太阳转。　　Tenminustwoiseight。十减二等于八。　　Lighttravelsfasterthansound。光的速度比声音的速度快。　　TheUnitedStatesliesbythewestcoastofthePacificOcean.美国位于太平洋西岸。　　4)根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：　　I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。　　Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails。　　如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now,today,nowadays等等。一般过去时\n--主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同，只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。　　一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed(除不规则动词外)。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：lastnight(week,　　month,year,century,etc。),yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening),in1999,twohoursago(oneweekago,treeyearsago,…)等等。　　使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思：一是指"现在某个时间"以前的时间；二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间，在这个意义上，"现在的那个时间点"是很小很小的，甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如：　　Hegothisdrivinglicenselastmonth.他上个月拿到了驾照。　　--Where'sJim?吉姆在哪里？　　--Hejustwentout。他刚刚出去。　　一般将来时　　概念：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常发生的动作。　　一、常见的将来时间状语：　　tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,thisafternoon,thisyear,beforelong,　　inthefuture,someday(将来的某一天)，nextyear,nextSunday,soon,　　intendays(十天后)等　　二、一般将来时结构：　　主语+will(shall)+动词原形~。动词一般将来时，表示将要发生事　　(所有人称都可以用will，shall只用于I,We后面)　　如：肯定式：Theywillfinishtheworknextweek.　　否定式：Theywon’tfinishtheworknextweek.　　疑问式：Willtheyfinishtheworknextweek?　Yes,theywill./No,theywon’t.(注意：不能用Yes,they’ll.)　　特殊疑问句：Howmanybookswillyougiveus?　　I’llgiveyouthirtybooks.　　2.主语+be(am,is,are)goingto+动词原形~。　　begoingto,表打算，准备计划将来干;表可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。如：I’mgoingtoseeafilmthisevening.今晚上我打算去看电影。　　It’sgoingtorain.天要下雨了。　　Wearen’tgoingtohaveanylessonsnextweek.我们下周不上课。\n--　　3.will/shall和begoingto结构的区别　　(1)对于事先经过考虑的打算、计划，应使用begoingto结构。　　Whyareyoutakingdownallthepictures?Iamgoingtorepaintthewall.　　(2)对于事先未经过考虑的打算、计划，而是临时起意，则用will结构。常见于会话时，乙听了甲的话做出的反应。　　Whereisthetelephonebook?I’llgoandgetitforyou.　　(3)表示即将发生某事时，两者区别不大，多可互换。　　Whatisgoingtohappen?-----Whatwillhappen?　　begoingto一般指较近的将来，will则表示较远的将来。　　(4)正式的通知等多用will.　　4.其他一般将来时表达结构：　　(1)少数几个动词如go,come,start,arrive等，当表示根据规定时间要发生的动作时，要用一般现在时来表示。　　Mytrainleavesat6:30.我乘的火车将在6：30开。　　另外，时间、条件状语从句中，“主将从现”　　I’llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromhim.　　He’llgofishingifitisfinetomorrow.　　(2)现在进行时表将来。go,come,leave,arrive,start,stay,return等表示动作的动词，可以用现在进行时表将来。　　I’mgoingtotheparkwithmyparentsonvacation.　　(3)beaboutto+动词原形,表示即将发生的动作。　　Theconcertisabouttobegin.音乐会即将开始。　　(4)be+动词不定式，表示安排或计划好的动作。Thereistobeasportsmeetingnextweek.语法练习：　　I.用适当形式填空1.It______beWednesdaytomorrow.2.Betty_________writetohergrandmanextweek.3.________youpleasegivehimthisletter?4.I________neverdothatagain.5.Shehasboughtsomecloth;she_____makeherselfadress.6.----Oh,whataheavybox!Ican’tliftit.----What!I_______carryitforyou.7.InChina,whereveryou_____(go),you_____(see)friendlypeople.8.LaoZhaohassavedsomemoneyandhe_____(buy)aTVset.9.TheexpressfromBeijingtoShanghai______at8:45.II.单选1We_____gohomeuntilwefinishthework.　　Adon’tBwon’tCwill　　2Tom_____sixyearsoldnextmonth.AwillbeBwillisCisgoingto　　3Lookattheclouds?It_____rain.AisgoingBwillbeCisgoingto　　4We_____gohomeuntilwefinishthework.\n--　　Adon’tBwon’tCwill　　5Wemusttakethesickmantohospital.He______.　　AisdyingBisgoingtodieCwilldie　　6Couldyoutellme_______themeeting.　　AwhenshallwehaveBwhenwewouldhaveCwhentohave　　7I’lltalktohimwhenhe______.　　AcomeBwillcomeCcomesDcame　　8Idon’tknowifit______tomorrow.　　ArainsBwillrainCisrainDisraining　　9There______aschoolthreeyearsago.　　AwereBusetohaveCusedtobeDwillbe英语语法时态的几种转换　　英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：　　一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换　　在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：　　①瞬间动词用于“一段时间+ago”的一般过去时的句型中；　　②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；　　③瞬间动词用于“Itis+一段时间+since+一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用itis来代替Ithasbeen；　　④瞬间动词用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般过去时”的句型中。　　请看：A。HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago。B。HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears。　　C。ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague。　　D。TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague。　　二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换　　在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如atwork（在工作），atschool（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：　　Peterisatwork，butMikeisatplay。　　Peterisworking，butMikeisplaying。　　三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换\n--　　在现在进行时态中go，come，leave，start，arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：Iamcoming，Mum！意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：　　Thetrainisleavingsoon。　　Thetrainwillleavesoon。　　四、“begoingto+动词原形”与“will（shall）+动词原形”结构的转换“begoingto+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will（shall）+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：　　WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday。WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday。表示将来的五种非时态方式1、“be+不定式”：表示命令、安排、倾向或必须、义务等。如：SheistoplayJuliet。她扮演朱丽叶。　Youaretomakethenecessarychanges。你要做出必要的改变。　2、“beaboutto+不定式”：表示即将发生的动作，有“即将”的意思，但不能和具体的时间状语连用。如：Thepackageisabouttocomeunwrapped。那个包快散开了。3、“begoing+不定式”：表示按计划或安排打算去做某事，或表示有迹象表明要发生某事。如：Wearegoingtocallherthisevening。我们打算今晚给她打电话。Mysister’sgoingtohaveababythissummer。我姐姐今年夏天要生孩子。4、用现在进行时表示将来：主要表示按规定或时间预计要发生的事。如：ThestudentsareleavingonSunday。学生们星期日出发。　　We’rehavingapartynextweek。我们下星期将开一个晚会。5、用一般现在时表示将来：表示按规定或时间预计要发生的事。如：Wehaveaholidaytomorrow。我们明天放假。　　Thetrainleavesat10：04thisevening。火车今晚10：04分开。must表示推测1)must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。2)must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must后面通常接系动词be的原形或行为动词的进行式。Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.　你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他一定在办公室工作呢。比较：　Hemustbestayingthere.　他现在肯定呆在那里。Hemuststaythere。他必须呆在那。3)must表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must要接完成式。Ididn'thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.　我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。\n--4)must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must后面要接不定式的完成进行式。---Whydidn'tyouanswermyphonecall?---Well,Imusthavebeensleeping,soIdidn'thearit。5)否定推测用can't。IfTomdidn'tleavehereuntilfiveo'clock,hecan'tbehomeyet.　如果汤姆五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。比较haveto和must1)两词都是'必须'的意思，haveto表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)2)haveto有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。　　Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday。3)在否定结构中：don'thaveto表示"不必"mustn't表示"禁止"，Youdon'thavetotellhimaboutit.你不一定要把此事告诉他。Youmustn'ttellhimaboutit.　　　　你一定不要把这件事告诉他。比较may和might1)表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may放在句首，表示祝愿。　　MayGodblessyou!　　Hemightbeathome。　　注意：might表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may小。2)成语：may/mightaswell，后面接不带to的不定式，意为"不妨"。　　Ifthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry。　　典型例题　　Peter___comewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet。A.must　　B.may　C.can　D.will答案B.表可能性只能用may.　此句意可从后半句推出。比较can和beableto1)can　could表示能力；可能(过去时用could)，　　只用于现在式和过去式(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。　　Theywillbeabletotellyouthenewssoon.他很快就能告诉你消息了。2)只用beabletoa.位于助动词后。b.情态动词后。c.表示过去某时刻动作时。　　d.用于句首表示条件。　　e.表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/wereableto，不能用could。　　HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout。\n--　　=HemanagedtofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout。　　注意：could不表示时态　　1)提出委婉的请求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。　　---CouldIhavethetelevisionon?　　---Yes,youcan./No,youcan't。　　2)在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。　　Hecouldn'tbeabadman.　　他不大可能是坏人。比较so和such其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。　　so+adj.　　　　　　　　　such+a(n)+n。　　so+adj.+a(n)+n.　　　such+n.(pl。)　　so+adj.+n.(pl。)　　such+n.(pl。)　　so+adj.+n.[不可数]　　such+n.[不可数]　　sofoolish　　　　　　　　suchafool　　　soniceaflower　　　　　suchaniceflower　　somany/fewflowers　　　suchniceflowers　　somuch/littlemoney.　　　suchrapidprogress　　　somanypeople　　　　　　suchalotofpeople　　somany已成固定搭配，alotof虽相当于many，但alotof为名词性的，只能用such搭配。　　so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。动词不定式动词不定式是初中英语的语法重点之一，也是每年中考英语试题的考点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为"to+动词原形"，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点：　　1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。　　2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。下面以近几年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例，对不定式的难点以及它在中考英语中的考查点，作一简要的总结和分析，供同学们学习时参考。　　一、动词不定式作主语　　1.It'sourduty_________theroomeveryday.　　A.tocleanB.cleanedC.cleanD.cleans(甘肃省)　　2.It'shardforus_________Englishwell.　　A.learnB.learnsC.tolearnD.learning(江西省)\n--　　3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。　　Itwill_________theworkersoverayear__________________theflyover.(北京市海淀区)　　4.It'sverynice_________youtogetmetwotickets_________theWorldCup.　　A.for，ofB.of，forC.to，forD.of，to(安徽省)　　Keys：1.A2.C3.take，to，build4.B　　[简析]动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)Itis+形容词(ofsb)todosth.(2)Itis+名词(forsb)todosth.(3)Ittakessbsometimetodosth.(4)Itis+形容词(forsb)todosth.句式(1)中常用nice，kind，clever，good，right，wrong，foolish，careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质;句式(4)中常用hard，difficult，easy，important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。　　二、动词不定式作宾语　　1.Hewants______somevegetables.　　A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.buys(山西省)　　2.Don'tforget______yourhomeworkwithyouwhenyoucometoschool.　　A.tobringB.bringingC.totakeD.taking(福建省)　　3.Hefounditverydifficult______.　　A.sleepingB.sleepsC.sleptD.tofallasleep(湖南省)　　Keys：1.C2.A3.D　　[简析]在want，like，agree，hope，wish，learn，begin，start，seem，decide，hate，choose，forget，remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。　　三、动词不定式作宾语补足语　　1.Robertoftenasksus______hisChinese,sohisChineseismuchbetterthanbefore.　　A.helphimB.tohelphimwithC.tohelpwithD.helpshimwith(江苏省)　　2.MrLioftenteacheshisJapanesefriends______Chinesefood.　　A.cookB.cooksC.tocookD.cooked(甘肃省)　　Key：1.B2.C　　[简析]不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask，teach，expect，tell，allow等。　　四、动词不定式作状语　　1.Shewent______herteacher.　　A.toseeB.looksC.sawD.seeing(江西省)　　2.MeimeilikesEnglishverymuch.Shedoesherbest______Englishwell.\n--　　A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learns(四川省)　　Key：1.A2.C　　[简析]go，come，try，do/tryone'sbest等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。　　3.I'msorry______that.　　A.hearsB.hearingC.hearD.tohear(河北省)　　4.I'msorry______you.　　A.troubleB.totroubleC.troublingD.troubled(吉林省)　　5.Mymotherwasveryglad______heroldfriend.　　A.tomeetB.meetC.metD.meets(甘肃省)　　Keys：3.D4.B5.A　　[简析]"be+形容词+todosth"结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。　　6.Thepandaissofatthatitcan'tgothroughthehole.(改为意思相同的句子)　　Thehole________________________suchafatpandatogothrough.(广东省)　　7.Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn'tskateonit.(改为意思相同的句子)　　Theiceonthelakewasn't______enough______people__________________.(广东省)　　Keys：6.is，too，small，for7.thick，for，to，skate，on　　[简析]在上述"too+形容词/副词(forsb)todo…"(太……而不能……)和"enough(forsb)todo…"(足以、足够……做……)结构中，不定式作结果状语。　　五、动词不定式作定语　　1.Wouldyoulikesomething______?　　A.drinkB.drinkingC.todrinkD.drinks(湖北省)　　2.Ihavealotofhomework______.　　A.doB.doingC.didD.todo(河南省)　　3.Heisnotaneasyman______.　　A.getonB.togetonC.getonwithD.togetonwith(山东省)　　Key：1.C2.D3.D　　[简析]不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系;如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。　　六、不带to的动词不定式　　1.Wesawhim______thebuildingandgoupstairs.　　A.toenterB.enterC.enteringD.entered(河南省)　　2.Somuchworkusuallymakesthem______verytired.　　A.tofeelB.feelsC.feelingD.feel(吉林省)　　3.Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter______.　　A.notwakeuphimB.nottowakeuphim　　C.notwakehimupD.nottowakehimup(陕西省)\n--　　4.Iwasmade______myhomeworkintheafternoon.　　A.doB.doingC.todoD.did(贵州省)　　Key：1.B2.D3.C4.C　　[简析]1.在see，watch，hear，feel等感官动词和make，have，let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式要带to(let没有被动语态)。2.在"hadbetter"后面接不带to的不定式。　　七、动词不定式的否定形式　　1.MrBlackaskedtheman________thequeue.　　A.nottojumpB.tonotjump　C.didn'tjumpD.notjump(广西壮族自治区)　　2.Theoldmantoldthechild______noisy.　　A.notbeB.nottobeC.tonotbeD.benot(湖北省)　　3.Thereisgoingto______animportantmeetingtomorrow.Pleasetry______late.　　A.have，nottobeB.have，notbe　　C.be，nottobeD.be，notbe(内蒙古自治区)　　Key：1.A2.B3.C　　[简析]动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.　　八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别　　1.Pleasestop______arestifyoufeeltired.　　A.tohaveB.havingC.haveD.has(广西壮族自治区)　　2.——Whydidn'tyoubuysomebreadonyourwayhome?　　——Sorry,Iforgot______somemoneywithme.　　A.takeB.takingC.totakeD.took(湖北省)　　3.——Let'shavearest,shallwe?　　——Notnow,Ican'tstop______theletters.　　A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.andwrite(湖北省)　　4.Jimwasbadlyhurt,sohehadtostop______(walk).(用所给单词的正确形式填空)(四川省)　　Key：1.A2.C3.C4.walking　　[简析]一些常见的动词后面接不定式和接动词的-ing形式的区别如下："stoptodosth"意为"停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事"，"stopdoingsth"意为"停止正在做的事"："remembertodosth"意为"记住去做某事"(事还未做)，"rememberdoingsth"意为"记得做过某事"(事已做)："goontodosth"意为"接着做某事"(做完一事，接着做另一事)，"goondoingsth"意为"继续做某事"(一事未做完接着往下做)："forgettodosth"意为"忘了做某事"(事还未做)，"forgetdoingsth"意为"忘了曾做过某事"(事已做)。　　5.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreetIsawaplane______overmyhead.　　A.fliesB.flyingC.flewD.tofly(福建省)\n--　　6.Awomansawit______whenshewaswalkingpast.　　A.happenB.happensC.happeningD.tohappen(黑龙江省)　　Key：5.B6.A　　[简析]在see，hear，watch，feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，用不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，用动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行(动作尚未结束)。　　九、动词不定式的省略及其符号to的保留　　1.Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithus?　　Yes,______.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?　　A.IwouldB.IwouldlikeC.IliketoD.I'dliketo(浙江省)　　2.Wouldyouliketogoforapicnicwithus?　　______.Whattimearewegoingtomeet?　　A.No,Ican'tB.Yes,I'mglad　C.Yes,I'dlovetoD.I'dlike(大连市)　　Keys：1.D2.C　　[简析]在口语中，动词不定式中的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。这种用法常见于"begladto"，"wouldlike(love)to"，"haveto"等结构中。　　十、动词不定式的被动式和其他形式　　Thenewhospital______isnearthefactory.　　A.buildB.buildsC.tobuildD.tobebuilt(青海省)　　Key：D　　[简析]当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者(宾语)时，用动词不定式的被动式，即：tobe+过去分词;如果不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，不定式用完成式，即：tohave+过去分词;如果不定式表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，用不定式的进行式，即：tobe+现在分词比较and和or　　1)并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。　　2)但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：　　Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon。　　Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon。　　在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。　　典型例题　　---Idon'tlikechicken___fish.　　　---Idon'tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch。　　A.and；and　B.and；but　C.or；but　D.or；and　　答案C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。　　判断改错：　　(错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater。　　(错)Wecan'tlivewithoutairorwater。　　(对)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater。\n--(对)Wecan'tlivewithoutairandwater。单词及词组分组辨析1.clothes,cloth,clothing　　clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing服装的总称　　指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof2.incident,accidentincident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.　　3.amount,number　　amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词anumberofstudents　　4.family,house,home　　home家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员。Myfamilyisahappyone.　　5.sound,voice,noise　　sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.　　6.photo,picture,drawing　　photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画　　Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.　　7.vocabulary,word　　vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词Hehasalargevocabulary.　　8.population,people　　population人口，人数，people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.　　9.weather,climate　　weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.　　10.road,street,path,way　　road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径　　takethisroad;inthestreet,Showmethewaytothemuseum.　　11.course,subject　　course课程(可包括多门科目)，subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse　　12.custom,habit　　custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接todo，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接ofdoing.　　I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.　　13.cause,reason　　cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接ofsth./doingsth，reason用来解释某种现象或　　结果的理由，后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate　　14.exercise,exercises,practice　　exercise运动，锻炼(不可数)，exercises练习(可数)，practice(反复做的)练习。　　Practicemakesperfect.　　15.class,lesson　　作“课”解时，两者可以替换。指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.Lesson6;Class5　　16.speech,talk,lecture　　speech\n--指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture　　学术性的演讲，讲课aseriesoflectureon…　　17.officer,official　　officer部队的军官，official政府官员anarmyofficer　　18.work,job　　二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数agoodjob。　　19.couple,pair　　couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers　　20.country,nation,state,land　　country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，　　国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.　　21.cook,cooker　　cook厨师，cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.　　22.damage,damages　　damage不可数名词，损害，损失;damages复数形式，赔偿金$900damages　　23.police,policeman　　police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman指某个具体的警察Thepolicearequestioning　　everyoneinthehouse.　　24.problem,question　　problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise，question常和疑问连系，　　多和ask,answer连用。　　25.man,aman　　man人类，aman一个男人Manwillconquernature.　　26.chick,chicken　　二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.　　27.telegram,telegraph　　当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph　28.trip,journey,travel,voyage　　travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行athree-daytrip　　29.sport,game　　sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等;game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套　　规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.　　30.price,prize　　price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low　　31.anumberof,thenumberof　　anumberof许多，谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目，谓语动词用单数。Thenumberof　　studentsisincreasing.　　32.infrontof,inthefrontof　　infrontof范围外的前面，inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.　　33.oftheday,ofaday　　oftheday每一天的，当时的，当代的，ofaday暂时的，不长久的afamousscientistoftheday\n--　　34.threeofus,thethreeofus　　threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个，thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)Thethreeofus　　---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.　　35.bybus,onthebus　　bybus表手段，方式，不用冠词，onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.　　36.foramoment,forthemoment　　foramoment片刻，一会儿，forthemoment暂时，一时Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.　　37.nextyear,thenextyear　　nextyear明年，将来时间状语，thenextyear第二年，过去将来时间状语　　Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.　　38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear　　morethanayear一年多，morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)　　39.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advice　　takeadvice征求意见，taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.　　40.takeair,taketheair　　takeair传播，走漏，taketheair到户外去，散步Wetaketheaireveryday.　　41.inaword,inwords　　inaword总之，一句话，inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.　　42.inplaceof,intheplaceof　　inplaceof代替，intheplaceof在…地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.　　43.insecret,inthesecret　　insecret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情，知道秘密，　　一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.　　44.agirl,onegirl　　agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?　　45.takeachair,takethechair　　takeachair相当于sitdown坐下，takethechair开始开会　　50.inchargeof,inthechargeof　　inchargeof管理，负责照料，inthechargeof由……照料Heisinchargeofthematter.　　Thematterisinthechargeofher.　　51.inclass,intheclass　　inclass在课上，intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.　　52.onfire,onthefire　　onfire着火,onthefire在火上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.　　53.outofquestion,outofthequestion　outofquestion毫无疑问的，outofthequestion不可能的　　54.asecond,thesecond\n--　　asecond又一，再一，thesecond第……Hewonthesecondprize.　　55.byday,bytheday　　byday白天，bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.　　56.thepeople,apeople　　thepeople指人，apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.　　57.it,one　　it同一物体，one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.　　58.that,this　　that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.That'swhy….　　59.none,nothing,noone　　none强调有多少，nothing,noone强调有没有，nothing指物，noone指人　　---Howmany…/Howmuch…?---None.　　60.anyone,anyone　　anyone指人，不能接of，anyone指人物均可，可接ofanyoneofyou　　61.who,what　　who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.　　62.what,which　　what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择　　Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?　　63.other,another　　other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent　　64.notalittle,notabit　　notalittle非常，notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。　　65.many,much,alotof　　many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，alotof可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句　　Ihaven'tmanybooks.　　66.muchmore…than,manymore…than　　muchmore…than后接形容词或不可数名词，manymore…than后接可数名词manymore　　people,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful　　67.no,not　　no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater　　68.nomorethan,notmorethan　　nomorethan相当于only，仅仅，只有，notmorethan至多，不超过　　69.majority,most　　majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可themajorityofpeople　　70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself　　byoneself单独的，独自的，foroneself为自己，tooneself供自己用的，ofoneself自行的，　　自动的Thedooropenedofitself.\n--　　71.atall,afterall　　atall根本，全然,afterall到底，毕竟Afterallheisachild.　　72.tall,high　　tall常指人或动物，high常指物体Heistall.　　73.fast,quickly　　fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快　　runfast,answerthequestionquickly　　74.high,highly　　high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的thinkhighlyof　　75.healthy,healthful　　healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise　　76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy　　sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的　　asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.　　77.gold,golden　　gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用goldfish,agoldring　　78.most,mostly　　most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，　　mostly大部分，是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…　　79.just,very　　just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语theveryman,justtheman　　80.wide,broad　　wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders　　81.real,true　　real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合　　realgold,atruestory　　82.respectful,respectable　　respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged　　83.outwards,outward　　二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词anoutwardvoyage　　84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing　　pleasant常用作定语，pleased,pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，　　pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.　　85.understanding,understandable　　understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable可理解的，能够懂的　　anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake　　86.close,closely　　close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地closelyconnected,standclose　　87.ill,sick　　ill做表语，sick定，表均可asickboy\n--　　88.good,well　　good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.　　89.quiet,silent,still　quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响　　Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。　　90.hard,hardly　hard努力，hardly几乎不workhard,Icanhardlybelieveit.　　91.able,capable　　able与不定式todo连用，capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing…　　92.almost,nearly　　二者均为“几乎,差不多”和否定词连用用almostalmostnobody　　93.late,lately　　late迟，晚，lately最近，近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.　　94.living,alive,live,lively　　living,alive,live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做　　定语，lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive　　95.excited,exciting　　excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.　　96.deep,deeply　　deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地deeplymoved,digdeep　　97.aloud,loud　　aloud出声地，loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)　　98.worth,worthy　　二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接tobedone126.careabout,carefor　careabout关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心，照料，喜欢，愿意　　Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.　　99catchacold,haveacold　　catchacold不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用，而haveacold可以　　Shehashadacoldforaweek.　　100.changefor,changeinto　　changefor调换成，changeinto变成　　Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.　　101.continue,last二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动　　Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.　　102.feed,raise　　feed喂养，养活，饲养(togivefoodto)，raise饲养，养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)　　raisethefamily　　103.goforadoctor,gotoadoctor　　goforadoctor去请医生，gotoadoctor去看病　　104.notice,observe,catchsightof　　notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catchsightof突然看到observethestars\n--　　105.insiston,stickto　　insiston坚持要求，后常接doing,stickto坚持,后常接sth.,sticktotheplan　　106.look,seem,appear　　look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象appearwise,　　looklikehisfather　　107.gather,collect　　gather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collectstamps　　108.meantodo,meandoing　　meantodo打算，想要做某事，meandoing意思是，意味着　　BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.　　109.diefrom,dieof　　diefrom表示死于(枪)伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，dieof表示死于疾病，饥饿，　　寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold　　110.payfor,payback,payoff　　payfor为…付钱，payback还钱，但不一定还清，payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt　　111.divide,separate　　divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开　　dividetheapple,separatethehouses　　112.arrive,get,reach　　arrive不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词　　arriveinBeijing,gettoBeijing,reachBeijing　　113.grow,plant　　grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物　　plantthetrees,treesaregrowing　　114.manage,try　　managetodo设法做成了某事，trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功　　Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.　　115.choose,select　　choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择choosethebestanswer　　116.build,putup,setup,found　　build一般用语，建成，putup临时搭建，setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全)，　　found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool　　117.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith　　befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的，befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物　　Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.　　118.agreewith,agreeto,agreeon　　agreewith同意某人，agreeto同意某事，agreeon在……上达成一致意见，主语是复数\n--　　agreewithyou,agreetotheplan　　119.throwto,throwat　throwto扔到……,throwat朝……扔Hethrowastoneatme.　　120.receive,accept　　receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.　　121.wear,puton,dress　　wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等，可用进行时，dress接人，bedressedin,puton表动作　　It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.　　122.listen,hear　　listen强调动作，hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.(一)形容词和副词　　I.要点　　A.形容词　　1、形容词的用法　　形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。如：　　Heishonestandhardworking.　　Ifoundthebookinteresting.　　某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：　　Therichandthepoorliveindifferentpartsofthecity.　　TheEnglishliketobewiththeirfamilies.　　多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：　　冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。如：　thesecondfiveinterestingbignewredChinesewallpapers.　　2、形容词比较等级的形式　　(1)规则形式　　一般说来，单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er;--est来构成比较级和最高级；其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more,most.如：　　great-greater-greatest　　busy-busier-busiest　　important-moreimportant-(the)mostimportant　　(2)不规则形式　　good(well)-better-best　　bad(ill)-worse-worst　　many(much)-more-most　　little-less-least　　(3)形容词比较等级的用法　　①表示两者的比较，用形容词的比较级+than.如：　　Heisclevererthantheotherboys.\n--　　Thisoneismorebeautifulthanthatone.　　②表示两者以上的比较，用"the+形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in)…"如：　　Heisthecleverestboyinhisclass.　　③表示两者是同等程度，用"as+形容词原级+as".如：　　HeisastallasI.　　Ihaveasmanybooksasyou.　　④越…越…　　例如：ThemoreIlearn,thehappierIam.　　⑤Youcanneverbetoocareful.越小心越好　　又如：Youcanneverpraisetheteachertoohighly.　　你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。　　⑥Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.　　那一天是最令我担心的一天。　　Ihaveneverhadabetterdinner.　　这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。　　⑦MyEnglishisnobetterthanyours.　　我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。　　B.副词　　1、副词的种类　　(1)时间副词如：ago,before,already,just,now,early,late,finally,tomorrow等　　(2)地点副词如：here,there,near,around,in,out,up,down,back,away,outside等。　　(3)方式副词如：carefully,angrily,badly,calmly,loudly,quickly,politely,nervously等。　　(4)程度副词如：almost,nearly,much,greatly,abit,alittle,hardly,so,very等。　　2、副词比较等级的用法　　其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：　　Ofalltheboyshesings(the)mostbeautifully.　　Wemustworkharder.　　3、某些副词在用法上的区别　　(1)already,yet,still\n--　　already表示某事物已经发生，主要用于肯定句；yet表示期待某事发生，主要用于否定句和疑问句；still表示某事还在进行，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，有时也可用于否定句。如：　　We'vealreadywatchedthatfilm.　　Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.　　Hestillworksuntillateeverynight.　　(2)too,aswell,also,either　　too,aswell和also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和aswell多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：Hewenttheretoo.　　Hedidn'tgothereeither.　　Ilikeyouaswell.　　Ialsowentthere.　　(3)hard,hardly　　hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如：　　Iworkhardeveryday.　　Icanhardlyrememberthat.　　(4)late,lately　　lately意为"最近、近来"，late意为"晚、迟"。如：　　Henevercomeslate.　　Haveyoubeentothemuseumlately?　　例1Tom'sfatherthinksheisalready____　　Ahighenough　Btallenough　　Cenoughhigh　Cenoughtall　　解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall,而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。　　例2____theworseIseemtobe.　　AWhenItakemoremedicine　　BThemoremedicineItake　　CTakingmoreofthemedicine　　DMoremedicinetaken　　解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+…,the+形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。　　例3"Ihaven'tbeentoLondonyet".　　"Ihaven'tbeenthere____".　　Atoo　Balso　Ceither　Dneither　　解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。　　例4MrSmithwas____movedatthenews.　　Adeep　Bdeeply　Cverydeep　Dquitedeeply　　解析：该题正确答案为B。A.deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig\n--deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeplymoved.另如deeplyregret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。(二)介词　I.要点　　1、介词和种类　　(1)简单介词，常用的有at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without等。　　(2)复合介词，如bymeansof,alongwith,becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。　　2、介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系　　(1)和动词的搭配，如agreewith,askfor,belongto,breakawayfrom,careabout等。　　(2)和形容词的搭配，如afraidof,angrywith,differentfrom,goodat　(3)和名词的搭配，如answerto,keyto,reasonfor,causeof,visitto等.　　3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right,just,badly,all,well,directly,completely等少数几个副词。如：　　Hecamerightafterdinner.　　Helivesdirectlyoppositetheschool.　　4、某些介词的意义与用法举例　　(1)at,on,in(表时间)　　表示时间点用at,如atfouro'clock,atmidnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如atthattime,atChristmas等。　　指某天用on,如onMonday,ontheendofNovember,指某天的朝夕用on,如onFridaymorning,ontheafternoonofSeptemberlst等。　　指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如intheafternoon,inFebruary,inSummer,in1999等。　　(2)between,among(表位置)　　between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between,如　　I'msittingbetweenTomandAlice.　　Thevillageliesbetweenthreehills.　　among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：　　Heisthebestamongthestudents.　　(3)beside,besides　　beside意为"在…旁边"，而besides意为"除…之外"。如：　　Hesatbesideme.　　Whatdoyouwantbesidesthis?\n--　　(4)inthetree,onthetree　　inthetree指动物或人在树上，而onthetree指果实、树叶长在树上　　(5)ontheway,intheway,bytheway,inthisway　　ontheway指在路上intheway指挡道　　bytheway指顺便问一句inthisway用这样的方法　　(6)inthecorner,atthecorner　　inthecorner指在拐角内atthecorner指在拐角外　　(7)inthemorning,onthemorning　　inthemorning是一般说法onthemorning特指某一天的早晨　　(8)bybus,onthebus　　bybus是一般说法onthebus特指乘某一辆车　　II.例题　　例1Doyouknowanyotherforeignlanguage____English?　　AexceptBbutCbesideDbesides　　解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为"除了…"，C-beside意为"在…旁边"，不符合题意。而D-besides,　　意为"除了…之外，还有"。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？　　例2Hesuddenlyreturned____arainynight.　　AonBatCinDduring　　解析：我们均知道，atnight这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。　　例3I'mlookingforward____yourletter.　　AtoBinCatDon解析：该题正确答案为A。lookforwardto为固定搭配，意为"期望、盼望"。　(三)连词　　I.要点　　1、连词的种类　　(1)并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and,for,or,both…and,either…or,neither…nor等。　　(2)从属连词用来引导从句，如that,if,whether,when,after,assoonas等。　　除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。　　2、常用连词举例　　(1)and和，并且　　Theydrankandsangallnight.　　(2)both…and和，既…也…\n--　　BothmyparentsandIwentthere.　　(3)but但是，而　　I'msad,butheishappy.　　(4)either…or或…或…，要么…要么…　　Eitheryou'rewrong,orIam.　　(5)for因为　　Iaskedhimtostay,forIhadsomethingtotellhim.　　(6)however然而，可是　　Affirst,hedidn'twanttogothere.Later,however,hedecidedtogo　　(7)neither…nor既不…也不　　Neithermyparentsnormyauntagreeswithyou.　　(8)notonly…but(also)不但…而且…　　Henotonlysingswell,butalsodanceswell.　　(9)or或者，否则　　Hurryup,oryou'llbelate.　　Areyouaworkeroradoctor?　　(10)so因此，所以　　It'sgettinglate,soImustgo.　　(11)although虽然　　Althoughitwaslate,theywentonworking.　　(12)assoonas一…就　　I'lltellhimassoonasIseehim.　　(13)because因为　　Hedidn'tgotoschool,becausehewasill.　　(14)unless除非，如果不　　Iwon'tgounlessitisfinetomorrow.　　(15)until直到…　　Hedidn'tleaveuntileleven.(瞬间动词用于not…until结构)　　Hestayedthereuntileleven.　　(16)while当…时候，而(表示对比)WhileIstayedthere,Imetafriendofmine.(while后不可用瞬间动词)　　Mypenisredwhilehisisblue.　　(17)for因为　　Hewasill,forhedidn'tcome.(结论是推断出来的)　　(18)since自从…　　Ihavelivedheresincemyuncleleft.　　(19)hardly…when一…就　　Ihadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainleft.　　(20)asfaras就…来说\n--　　AsfarasIknow,thatcountryisverysmall.　　Youmaywalkasfarasthelake.(一直走到湖那里)　　II.例题　　例1Johnplaysfootball____,ifnotbetterthan,David.　　AaswellBaswellasCsowellDsowellas　　解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。和…一样好为aswellas.故该题正确答案为B。　　例2ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,____,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.　　AwhenBwhereCwhichDwhile　　解析：该处意为"然而"，只有while有此意思，故选D。　　例3Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee____shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?　　A.andB.thenC.orD.otherwise　　解析：该处意为"或者"，正确答案为C。(四)动词时态、语态　　I.要点　　1、一般现在时　　(1)表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes,always,often,everyday等时间状语连用。如：Sometimes,wegoswimmingafterschool.　　(2)表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：Theearthgoesroundthesun.　　2、现在进行时　　(1)表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now,atpresent等时间状语连用。如：　　Whatareyoudoingnow?　　(2)和always,continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：　　Heisalwaysdoinggooddeeds.　　3、现在完成时　　主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just,already,sofar,once,never等词连用。如:HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?　　4、一般将来时　　表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow,nextyear等连用。如：　　I'llmeetyouattheschoolgatetomorrowmorning.　　We'regoingtoseeafilmnextMonday.　　5、一般过去时\n--　　表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,lastyear,in1998,amomentago等词连用。如：Ithappenedmanyyearsago.　　6、过去进行时　　表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的动作。如：　　Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?　　7、过去完成时　　表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：　　Thetrainhadalreadyleftbeforewearrived.　　8、一般过去将来时　　表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：　　Hesaidhewouldcome,buthedidn't.　　9、被动语态被动语态的时态，以give为例。　时／式　　　　　一般　　　　　　进行　　　　　　完成现在amis　givenareamis　beingarehas　　　beengivenhave过去was　　　givenwerewas　　beinggivenwerehadbeengiven将来shall　　　begivenwillshall　　　havebeengivenwill过去将来should　　　begivenwouldshould　　　havebeengivenwouldII.例题例1Ilearnedthatherfather____in1950.　　AhaddiedBdiedCdeadDisdead　　解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in1950,所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。　　例2Thefive-year-oldgirl____byherparents.　　AislookedBhaslookedfor　　CisbeinglookedforDhasbeenlooked　　解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。(五)动词虚拟语气　　I.要点　　表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。\n--　　1、虚拟语气的构成　　注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had,should,could有时可将if省去,但要倒装。如：　　Hadyou(Ifyouhad)invitedus,wewouldhavecometoyourparty.　　2、虚拟语气在各种从句的应用　　(1)在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省)＋动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。　　句型一：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc)that…　　句型二：Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc)that…　　句型三：Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc)that…　　如：Itisstrangethathe(should)havedonethat.　　Itisapitythathe(should)besocareless.　　Itisrequestedthatwe(should)besocareless.　　(2)在宾语从句中用于suggest,propose,move,insist,desire,demand,request,order,command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如：　　Isuggestthatwe(should)goswimming.　　(3)在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion,proposal,request,orders,idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)＋动词原形"。如：　　Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.　　(4)在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)＋动词原形"。如：　　Wereceivedorderthattheworkbedoneatonce.　　(5)在Itistimethat…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或　　"should＋动词原形",should不可省。如：It'stime(that)wewent(shouldgo)toschool.　　II.例题　　例1Wehadhopedthathe____longer.　　AstaysBhavestayedCstayedDwouldstay　　解析：该题正确答案为D。hadhoped表示"本希望"，同样用法的动词还有think,expect等，后面的句子需用虚拟语气　　例2"Marywantstoseeyoutoday".　　"Iwouldrathershe____tomorrowthantoday."　　AcomesBcameCshouldcomeDwillcome\n--　　解析：该题正确答案为B。wouldrather后面的从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表示。　　例3Hadshebeenolder,she____itbetter.　　AhaddoneBmighthavedoneCmightdoDwoulddo　　解析：Hadshebeenolder=Ifshehadbeenold.故该题正确答案为B核心句型（50）1.welcometosp欢迎到某地　Eg.WelcometoChina。2.What’sthematterwithsb./sth？　　出什么毛病了？　Eg.What’sthematterwithyourwatch？3.bedifferentfrom与---不同Eg.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatofNanjing。4.bethesameas与……相同　Eg.Histrousersarethesameasmine。5.befriendlytosb。对某人友好　Eg.Mr.Wangisveryfriendlytous。6.wanttodosth。想做某事　Eg.Iwanttogotoschool。7.wantsb.todosth。想让某人做某事　Eg.Iwantmysontogotoschool。8.whattodo做什么　Eg.Wedon’tknowwhattodonext。9.letsb.dosth。让某人做某事　Eg.Lethimentertheroom。10.letsb.notdosth。让某人不做某事　Eg.Lethimnotstandintherain。11.whydon’tyoudosth？　怎么不做某事呢？　Eg.Whydon’tyouplayfootballwithus？12.whynotdosth.？怎么不做某事呢？　Eg.Whynotplayfootballwithus？13.makesb.sth。为某人制造某物　Eg.Myfathermademeakite。14.makesthforsb。为某人制造某物　Eg.Myfathermadeakiteforme。15.What…meanby…？　做……是什么意思？　Eg.Whatdoyoumeanbydoingthat？16.likedoingsth。喜爱做某事\n--　Eg.Jimlikesswimming。17.liketodosth。喜爱做某事　Eg.Hedoesn’tliketoswimnow。18.feellikedoingsth。想做某事　Eg.Ifeellikeeatingbananas。19.wouldliketodosth。愿意做某事Eg.Wouldyouliketogorowingwithme20.wouldlikesb.todosth。愿意某人做某事Eg.I’dlikeyoutostaywithmetonight。21.makesb.dosth。逼使某人做某事Eg.Hisbrotheroftenmakeshimstayinthesun。22.letsb.dosth。让某人做某事　Eg.Letm1esingasongforyou。23.havesb.dosth。使某人做某事Eg.Youshouldn’thavethestudentsworksohard。24.befarfromsp离某地远　Eg.Hisschoolisfarfromhishome。25.beneartosp离某地近　Eg.Thehospitalisneartothepostoffice。26.begoodatsth./doingsth。擅长某事/做某事　Eg.WearegoodatEnglish。　　Theyaregoodatboating。27.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth。　　某人花多少时间做某事Eg.Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes。28.sb.spendsometime/money(in)doingsth。　　某人花多少时间做某事　Eg.Ispenttwentyyearsinwritingthenovel（小说）。　　29.sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth。　　某事花了某人多少时间/金钱　　Eg.Jimspent1000yuanonthebike。30.sth.costsb.somemoney。　　某物花了某人多少钱　Eg.ThebikecostJim1000yuan。31.sb.paysomemoneyforsth。　　某人为某物付了多少钱　Eg.Jimpaid1000yuanforthebike。32.begin/startwithsth。开始做某事\n--Eg.Thestartedthemeetingwithasong。33.begoingtodosth。打算做某事　Eg.WearegoingtostudyinJapan。34.callAB叫AB　Eg.TheycalledthevillageGumtree。35.thanksb.forsth./doingsth。　　感谢某人做某事　Eg.Thankyouforyourhelp。　　Thankyouforhelpingme。36.What……for？为什么　Eg.WhatdoyoulearnEnglishfor？37.How/whataboutdoingsth.？　　做某事怎么样？　Eg.Howaboutgoingfishing？38.S+be+the+最高级+of/in短语=　　Eg.Lucyisthetallestinherclass。39.S+be+比较级+thananyother+n。　Eg.Lucyistallerthananyotherstudentinherclass。40.havetodosth。不得不做某事　Eg.Ihavetogohomenow。41.hadbetterdosth。最好做某事　Eg.You’dbetterstudyhardatEnglish。42.hadbetternotdosth。最好别做某事　Eg.You’dbetternotstayup。43.helpsb.todosth。帮助某人做某事　Eg.LucyoftenhelpsLilytowashherclothes。44.helpsb.dosth。帮助某人做某事　Eg.HeusuallyhelpsmelearnEnglish。45.helpsb.withsth。帮助某人做某事Eg.Isometimeshelpmymotherwiththehousework。46.makeit+时间把时间定在几点Eg.Let‘smakeit8：30.47.takesb.tosp带某人到某地Eg.Mr.WangwilltakeustotheSummerPalacenextSunday。49.havenothingtodo(withsb)　　与某人没有关系　　Eg.Thathasnothingtodowithme。　　50.主语+don’tthink+从句　　认为……不……\n--　　Eg.Idon’tthinkitwillraintomorrow。主谓一致应注意的问题主谓一致是一个很重要的语法项目，其中有些很重要的问题要注意。　　1.manya+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。　　如：ManyastudenthasbeentoJapanbefore.(很多学生去过日本。)　　2.某些复数名词如：shoes，glasses，trousers，scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但如果前面有量词出现，则谓语动词要用单数形式。　　如：Thetrousersthereareexpensive.(那的裤子很贵。)　　3.当主语中包括with，alongwith，aswellas，togetherwith，besides，except，but，including等时，谓语动词和这些词前面的主语保持一致。　　如：Tom,togetherwithhisfamilyisgoingonholiday.(汤姆和他的家人一起去度假。)　　4.时间、距离、金钱、重量等作主语时，看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。　　如：Fivedollarsisenough.(五美元就足够了。)　　5.由what引导的名词性从句作主语时，谓语用单数形式。　　如：Whattheysaidisright.(他们所说的是正确的。)　　6.固定结构each+单数名词+and、each+单数名词或every+单数名词+and、every+单数名词，谓语动词用单数　　如：Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.(每个男孩和女孩都有座位了。)　　7.anumberof作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式;thenumberof作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。　　如：AnumberofpeoplearetryingtolearnEnglish.(很多人在努力学英语。　　8.动词不定式或动名词在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。　　如：Toseeistobelieve.(眼见为实。)初中英语句型大搜集\n--Lesson1　　关键句型全总结（一）　　关键句型一：关于写信询问某事的句型　　1．I'mwritingtorequestmoreinformationaboutthedaytourtoLondon.　　2.I'mwritingformoreinformationaboutthedaytourtoLondon.　　关键句型二：关于询问具体细节的句型　　1.I'dliketoknowifyouhaveanyspecialpricesforstudents.　　2.Whatabouttimeforshopping?Isitincludedintheschedule?　　3.Asforlunch,isitincludedintheprice?　　4.Canyoutellmemoredetailsaboutthetrip?　　5.Pleaseletmeknowthescheduledreturntime.　　6.Iwonderifyoucouldtellmemoreaboutthetrip.　　7.Ialsowanttoknowhowlongthetourwilllast.　　8.Ihaveonefinalquestion,isthereanytimescheduledforshopping?Lesson2　　关键句型全总结（二）　　关键句型一：表达个人观点的句型　　1.Inmyopinion,…在我看来……。　　2．AsfarasIamconcerned,…就我看来……。　　3.Personally,…我个人认为……。　　4.Frommypointofview，…在我看来……。　　5.Ithink(that)…我认为……。　　6.AsIseeit.…在我看来……。　　关键句型二：阐述论据的句型（以本题为例）　　1.Foronereason…Foranotherreason…　　 一个大原因是……。另一个原因是……。　　2.What'smore…此外…。　　3.Ontheonehand,…ontheotherhand,…　　 一方面……，另一方面……。Lesson3　　关键句型全总结（三）　　关键句型一：表示肯定的句型　　1.I'msureyou'lllikethedeliciousChinesefoodhere!\n--　　2.IbelieveyouwillfindChinesefooddelicious.　　3.I'mconvincedthatyou'llloveChinesefood.　　5.IbetyouwillloveChinesefood!关键句型二：表示为某人提供某物1.We'llprovideyouwitharoomofyourownwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTV.　　2.We'llprovidearoomwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTVforyou.　　3.We'llsupplyyouwitharoomthathasabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTV.　　4.We'llsupplyaroomwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTVforyou.　　5.We'llpreparearoomwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairs,andaTVforyou.　　6.Youwillhavearoomofyourownwithabed,adesk,acoupleofchairsandaTV.　　关键句型三：表示提供帮助的句型　　  表示提供帮助的句型非常多，我们旨在抛砖引玉，只给出几个参考句型，希望同学们自己努力思考，平时留意悼念相关的句型，为自己增加财富！　　1.Pleasesetmeknowifyouhaveanyquestionsorrequests.　　2.Justcallmeifthere'sanythingyouneed.　　3.(Please)letmeknowifthere'sanythingIcanhelpyouwith.　　4.Don'thesitatetoaskforhelpifyouhaveanyquestionsorrequests.　　5.I'llbegladtohelpifyouhaveanyquestionsorrequests.　　6.I'dbegladifIcouldhelp.　　关键句型四：表示尽力做某事的句型　　1.We'lltryourbesttomakeyourstayhereinBeijingapleasantexperience.　　2.We'lldoeverythingwecantohelpyouenjoyyourstayhereinBeijing.　　3.We'lldoallwecantohelpyouhaveagoodtimeinBeijing.　　4.We'lldoourbesttomakeyourstayinBeijingahappyone!Lesson4　　关键句型一：讲故事开头的句型\n--　　1.Onceuponatimetherewasafarmerwhoworkedhardinthefieldseveryday.　　2.Thereoncewasafarmerwhoworkedveryhardeveryday.　　3.Longlongago,therelivedafarmerwhoworkedveryhardeveryday.　　4.Oneday,thefarmerheardsomethingoddashewadhoeing.　　关键句型二：陈述学到某种道理的句型　　1.Thestorytellsusthatifyouwanttogetsomething,youmustworkhardforit.　　2.Fromthestory,welearnthatonlybyworkinghardcanwegetwhatwewant.　　3.Thestorysuggests:"Nopains,nogains."　　4.Thelessoninthisstoryisthatyoumustworkhardtogetwhatyouwant.Lesson5　　 关键句型一：表达信息来源的句型　　1.Ireadinthenewspaperthat…　　2.Ilearnedfromthenewspaperthat…　　3.Byreadingtoday'snewspaperthat…　　4.Itsaysintoday'snewspaperthat…　　关键句型二：提出建议的句型　　关于提建议的句型非常多，这里我们只给几个适用于这道题的提建议句型：　　1.Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyouto…　　2.I'dliketosuggestyou…　　3.Ithinkyoumightliketo…　　4.Iwaswonderingifyou'dliketo…　　Jim'sContribution:　　  IthinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoentertheEnglishSpeakingCompetition.　　 我认为这是你参加英语演讲比赛的一个好机会。　　关键句型三：主动提供帮助的句型　　 主动提供帮助的句型我们已经在第一课学习了不少，这里我们再给大家提供几个句型：　　1.IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbegladto…　　2.IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,itwillbemygreatpleasureto…\n--　　3.JusttellmeifIcanbeofanyhelp.　　4.Don'thesitatetoaskifyouneedanyhelp.　　5.Iwouldbeverypleasedtodoanythingthatwouldhelpyou.Lesson6　　关键句型一：表示欢迎的句型　　1.WelcometoChina.　　2.IamgladtolearnthatyouarecomingtoChina.　　3.IfeelveryhonoredtohaveyouhereinChina.　　4.MyparentsandIareverypleasedtohaveyouwithus　　关键句型二：告知他人的句型　　1.Nowletmetellyouwhatwearegoingtodo.　　2.Iwouldliketotellyouwhatwearegoingtodo.　　3.I'llletyouknowwhatwearegoingtodo.　　4.Letmefillyouinonwhatwearegoingtodo.　　 【fillsb.Inon:对某人提供……的情况】　　5.I'llgiveyouthedetails/story/lowdownonwhatwearegoingtodo.　　关键句型三：表达期待某事的句型　　1.I'mlookingforwardtomeetingyousoon.　　2.Iexpecttomeetyousoon.　　3.I'meagertomeetyousoon.　　4.Ican'twaittomeetyousoon.　　1.OurschoolwillarrangeforsometopstudentstogotoAmericaforthesummercamp.　　  我们学校将组织一些优秀的学生到美国去参加夏令营。　　2.Whatareyougoingtoarrangeforusduringourstayinyourcity?　　 在我们呆在你所信的城市期间，你将为我们安排些什么活动呢？ Lesson7　　关键句型一：表达歉意的句型　　1.I'mreally/terribly/awfullysorryfornotbeingabletoattendthelecture.　　2.IamsosorrythatIwon'tbeabletoattendthelecture.　　3.I'mafraidthatIwon'tbeabletoattendthelecture.　　4.Excusemefornotbeingabletoattendthelecture.\n--　　5.Pleaseforgivemefornotbeingabletoattendthelecture.　　6.Iapologizefornotbeingabletoattendthelecture.　　7.Pleaseacceptmyapologiesfornotbeingabletoattendthelecture.关键句型二；说明理由的句型1.BecauseIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairport,Iwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　2.Becauseofmypromisetomeetmyuncleattheairport,Iwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　3.SinceIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairport,Iwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　4.Iwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon,forIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairport.　　5.Ihavetomeetmyuncleattheairport,andthat'swhyIwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　6.ThereasonformyabsencefromthelecturetomorrowafternoonwasthatIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairport.　　7.LetmeexplainwhyIwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　8.It'sbecauseIhavetomeetmyuncleattheairportthatwon'tbeabletoattendthelecturetomorrowafternoon.　　关键句型三：关于询问的句型　　1.IwaswonderingifIcouldtakeaphotohere.　　2.Iwonderifitispossibletotakeaphotohere.　　3.IwanttoknowifIcantakeaphotohere.　　4.CouldyoupleasetellmeifIcouldtakeaphotohere?　　5.I'dliketofindoutifIcouldtakeaphotohere.　　关键句型四：提出请求的句型　　1.CouldIborrowthetape,please?　　2.MayIborrowthetape?　　3.I'dliketoborrowthetape.　　4.DoyouthinkIcouldborrowthetape?Lesson8　　关键句型一：表示"花时间做某事"的句型\n--　　1.Theyspend25minutesdoingsportseveryday.　　2.Thestudentsput25minutesintosportsactivitieseveryday.　　3.Theyputin25minutesdoingsportseveryday.　　4.25minutesisspentonthesportseveryday.　　5.25minutesistakenupbysportsactivitieseveryday.　　6.25minutesgoesintosportseveryday.　　关键句型二：表达看法的句型　　1.Ithinktheschoolshouldencouragethestudentstoexercisemoreafterclass.　　2.Inmyopinion,theschoolshouldencouragethestudentstoexercisemoreafterclass.　　3.Personally,Ibelievethestudentsshouldgetmoreexerciseafterclass.　　4.Afterreadingthesecharts,Ican'thelpthinkingthattheschoolshouldencouragethestudentstoexercisemoreafterclass.　　5.Ifyouaskme,Ithinktheschoolshouldencouragethestudentstodomoreexerciseafterclass.　　6.Itseemstomethattheschoolshouldencouragethestudentstogetmoreexerciseafterclass.　　7.I'djustliketosaytheschoolshouldencouragethestudentstodomoreexerciseafterclass.　　8.I'dliketopointoutthatthestudentsshouldexercisemoreafterclass.　　9.AsfarasI'mconcerned,thestudentsshoulddomoreexerciseafterclass.【asfarasI'mconcerned:就我而言】　　10.Frommypointofview,theschoolshouldencouragethestudentstoexercisemoreafterclass.Lesson9　　关键句型一：表达可能性的句型　　1.Maybeyoulostthemoneyonyourwayhome.Ormaybeyoulentthemoneytooneofyourfriendsbutyouforgotaboutit.　　2.Youprobablylostthemoneyonyourwayhome.　　3.It'sevenpossiblethatyoulostthemoneyonyourwayhome.　　4.It'slikelythatyoulostthemoneyonyourwayhome.\n--　　5.There'salsoanotherpossibilitythatyoulostthemoneyonyourwayhome.　　关键句型二：表达安慰的句型　　1. Takeiteasy.　　2.It'snobigdeal.　　3.It'snothingtoworryabout.　　4.Don'tbesuchacrybaby.　　5.Don'tworry(aboutit).Lesson10　　关键句型一：表示负责某事的句型　　1.Todayourteacherputmeinchargeofthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　2.Iwilltakechargeofthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　3.Iwillbeinchargeofthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　4.Iwilltakeoverthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　5.Iwasassignedtotakechargeofthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　6.I'mresponsibleforthewallnewspaperinmyclass.　　关键句型二；表达决定、决心的句型　　1.Idecidedtocompletethetask.　　2.I'mdeterminedtocompletethetask.　　3.I'vefixedoncompletingthetask.　　4.Ihavemadeupmymindtocompletethetask.　　5.I'vemakeadecisiontocompletethetask.关键句型三：表达计划的句型1.I'mthinkingofreportingsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewspaper.　　2.Iwillreportsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewspaper.　　3.I'mgoingtoreportsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewspaper.　　4.Iplantoreportsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewspaper.　　5.Iintendtoreportsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewspaper.　　6.Iproposetoreportsomeeventsthathappenedaroundusonthewallnewapaper.Lesson11　　关键句型一：表达看法的句型\n--　　1.someofthemthinkthatitisnecessarytostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　2.SomeofthestudentspointoutthatitisgoodtostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　3.SomeofthemholdtheideathatitisnecessarytostartlearningEnglishatanearlyage.　　4.TheirpointofviewisthatitisnecessarytostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　5.Inthosepeople'sopinion,itisgoodtostartlearningEnglishatahearlyage.　　6.SomeofthemarguethatitisagoodideatostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　关键句型二：表示支持的句型　　1.SomeofthemagreewiththeideathatEnglishlearningshouldstartearlyIchildhood.　　2.SomeofthemarefortheideathatEnglishlearningshouldstartearlyinchildhood.　　3.SomestudentsthinkthatitisrighttostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　4.SomestudentsthinkitisagoodideatolearnEnglishfromayoungage.　　5.SomestudentsconsideritreasonabletolearnEnglishfromchildhood.　　【reasonableadj.合理的；有道理的】　　6.SomepeopleareinfavoroflearningEnglishfromayoungage.　　7.SomeofthemapproveoftheideathatitisgoodtostartlearningEnglishfromchildhood.　　 【approveof:赞成；满意】　　8.SomestudentsthinkthatthereissomethingtothenotionthatEnglishlearningshouldstartatayoungage.【notionn.观念；想法】　　关键句型三：表示反对的句型　　1.Someofthemdon'tthinkthatitisagoodideatostartlearningEnglishatanearlyage.　　2.OtherstudentsareopposedtotheideathatchildrenshouldstartlearningEnglishatayoungage.　　3.Otherstudentsdon'tthinkitissuitableforthechildrentostartlearningEnglishatayoungage.　　4.SomeofthemareagainsttheideathatitisnecessarytolearnEnglishfromchildhood.\n--　　5.OtherstudentsdisapproveoftheideathatitisnecessarytolearnEnglishfromchildhood.　　 【disapproveof:反对】　　6.OtherstudentsdisagreedwiththeideathatitisnecessarytolearnEnglishfromchildhood.　　7.ButothersdonotagreewiththeideathatitisnecessarytolearnEnglishfromchildhood.　　8.SomeofthestudentswouldnotliketogivetheirsupporttotheideathatitisnecessarytolearnEnglishfromchildhood. Lesson12　　关键句型：提出建议的句型　　1.Youcanuseyourpocketmoneyinthisway.　　2.Ithink youshoulduseyourpocketmoneyinthisway.　　3.Ithinkyoucanuseyourpocketmoneyonthesethings.　　4.Youmightaswelluseyourpocketmoneyinthisway.　　5.You'dbetteruseyourpocketmoneyinthisway.　　6.It'sagoodideatouseyourpocketmoneyonthesethings.　　7.Ithinkit'lldoyougoodtouseyourpocketmoneyonthesethings.　　8.Isuggestthatyoushoulduseyourpocketmoneyonthesethings.　　9.Iwouldadviseyoutouseyourpocketmoneyinthisway.Lesson13　　关键句型一：过去进行时的句型　　1.Atabout9o'clocklastnight,Iwasdoingmyhomework.　　2.Iwasdoingsomewashingwhenyoucalledmelastnight.　　3.HewaslisteningtotheEnglishtapewhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.　　4.MotherwaspreparingforsupperwhenIwentbackhomefromschoolyesterdayafternoon.　　关键句型二：提出要求的句型　　1.CouldyoupleaseturnyourTVdownabit?　　2.WouldyoupleaseturnyourTVdownabit?　　3.DoyoumindturningdownyourTValittlebit?\n--　　4.CouldyoupossiblyturnyourTVdownabit?　　5.DoyouthinkitwouldbepossibletoturnyourTVdownabit?　　6.IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldturnyourTVdownabit.　　 【Iwouldappreciateitif…如果……我净很感激。】关键句型三；道歉的句型1.I'mawfullysorrythatIhavedisturbedyou.　　2.I'mreallysorrytohavedisturbedyou.　　3.I'mterriblysorryfordisturbingyou.　　4.Idoapologizefordisturbingyou.　　5.Athousandpardonsfordisturbingyou.　　6.Ican'ttellyouhowsorryIamfordisturbingyou.Lesson14　　关键句型一：一般过去时的句型　　1.Therewasaparknearourschool.　　2.Lotsofstudentstookpartinthelectureyesterday.　　3.IspentmysummervacationinShanghailastyear.　　4.Thefiremenarrived,andsoonthefirewasundercontrol.　　5.LastSaturdayevening,Iwenttothemovieswithsomefriends.　　6.Soontwopolicemeninapolicecarcameandarrestedthethief.　　关键句型二：表示感谢的句型）　　1.Thewomanthankedtheoldman.　　2.Thewomansentherthankstotheoldman.　　3.Thewomanfeltvery gratefultotheoldman.　　4.Thewomanappreciatedtheoldmanverymuch.　　5.Thewomanexpressedherappreciationtotheoldman.　　6.Thewomanexpressedhergratitudefortheoldman'shelp.　　 【gratituden.感激；谢意】Lesson15　　关键句型一：表达目的的句型　　1.Thepurposesoftheprogramaretomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.　　2.Wearecarryingoutthisprograminordertomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.\n--　　3.Wearegoingtocarryoutthisprogramsoastomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.　　4.We'retryingtocreateamorebeautifulenvironmentforthestudents.　　5.Weaimtocreateamorebeautifulenvironmentforthestudents.　　关键句型二；表示规划的句型　　1.Ourschoolhadstartedonanewprogramtomakethecampusmorebeautiful.　　2.Ourschoolisstaringanewprogramtomakethecampusmorebeautiful.　　3.Theprograminvolvesplantingtrees,buildingagarden,anddecoratingthecampus.　　4.Theprogramwillbeputintoactionbyusplantingtrees,buildingagarden,anddecoratingthecampus.　　5.It'sincludedintheprogramthatstudentartworkwilldecoratethehallsofourschool.　　6.Theprogramcallsforagardentobebuiltforustovisitandrelax.　　7.Inthisprogram,wewillsetasideaquietgrassyareawherewecanrestanddosomereading.　　8.Wewillcarryouttheprogrambysettingasideaquietgrassyareaforustorestanddosomereading.　　9.Accordingtotheprogram,wewillplantdifferentkindsoftrees,flowersandgrassinandaroundourschool.关键句型三：欢迎到访的句型　　1.Welcometovisitourschool.　　2.Ifyouarefree,docomeandvisitourschool.　　3.Ihopeyougetthechancetovisitourschool.　　4.Youarewelcometovisitourschoolifyouhavethechance.　　5.Wewouldlikeyoutovisitourschoolwheneveritisconvenientforyou.Lesson16关键句型一：表示"到某地度假"的句型　　1.Iwillspendthissummerholiday/vacationinthecountryside.　　 【英式英语中说"holiday",美式英语中说"vacation".】　　2.I'mgoingtothecountrysideduringthesummervacation.\n--　　3.Iwillgotothecountrysideforvacationthissummer.　　关键句型二：表达不足的句型　　1.Therearestillsomeshortcomingstolivingintheurbanarea.　　2.Therearestillsomedisadvantagestolivinginthecity.　　3.Therearestillsomeproblemstolivingintheurbanarea.　　4.Lifeinanurbancenterbringsitsownsetofproblems.　　5.Lifeinthecityisfarfromperfect.　　6.Urbanlifehasit'sdownside.　　7.Lifeforcity-dwellersisnotallpeachesandcream.Lesson17　　关键句型一：表示"位于……"的句型（）　　1.ThecityisonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.　　2.ThecityliesonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.　　3.ThecitystandsonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.　　4.ThecityislocatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.　　5.ThecityissituatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.　　6.ThelocationofthecityisonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.关键句型二：表示取得发展的句型　　1.Itseconomicstatushasimprovedalotforthepasttenyears.　　2.Itseconomyhasbeengrowingveryfastforthepasttenyears.　　3.Itseconomyhasbeendevelopingrapidlyforthepasttenyears.　　4.Thecityhasmaderapidprogressinitseconomyforthepasttenyears.　　关键句型三：表达看法的句型　　1.Inmyview,JiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically.　　2.AsfarasI'mconcerned,JiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically.　　3.Inmyopinion,JiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically.　　4.IthinkthatJiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically.\n--　　5.Frommypointofview,JiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically.　　6.AsIseeit,JiangChengshoulddevelopitseconomyscientifically. Lesson18关键句型一：表达推荐的句型　　1.Isuggestthatyoubuythefollowingtwodictionaries.　　2.I'dliketorecommendthefollowingtwodictionaries.　　3.I'dliketointroducethefollowingtwodictionariestoyou.　　4.Ibelievethefollowingtwodictionarieswillsurelydoyougood.　　5.IthinkthefollowingtwodictionariesaregoodforyoutostudyChinese.　　关键句型二：表示包含的句型　　1.Ithas18,000Englishwordsand20,000Chinesewords.　　2.Itrecordsalargenumberofwords.　　3.Itcontainsavocabularyof10,000words.　　4.Itconsistsofagreatnumberofwords,notesandsamplesentences.　　5.Manynotestellingyouhowtousewordsareincludedinthedictionary.　　关键句型三：描述特点的句型　　1.TheEnglish-Chinese/Chinese-EnglishDictionaryisreallyagoodoneforbeginners.　　2.TheXinhuaDictionaryisthemostwidelyusedChinesedictionary.　　3.TheXinhuaDictionaryisthemostpopularChinesedictionary.　　4.ItmaybeusefultosomeadvancedlearnersofChinese.　　 【advancedadj.高级的；先进的】　　5.ItsuitstheadvancedlearnersofChinese.　Lesson19　　关键句型一：描述房子的句型　　1.It'sasmallapartment,about25squaremeters,withasittingroom,abathroom,abathroomandakitchen.　　2.It'sasmallapartment,consistingofasittingroom,abedroom,abathroomandakitchen.　　3.Inthesittingroom,youcanseeacoffeetable,asofa,aTVsetandastereo.　　4.Inthebedroom,thereisabed,asofa,adeskandachair.\n--　　关键句型二：描述"房租多少"的句型　　1.Therentis500yuanpermonth.　　2.Youshouldpay500yuanamonthfortheapartment.　　3.You'llhavetopay500yuanamonthinrent.　　4.Theapartmentwillcostyou500yuanpermonth.　　5.Thelandlordwillchargeyou500yraneverymonth.　　6.Theapartmentwillsetyouback500yuanamonth.Lesson20　　关键词一：begoingto打算（做某事）；计划（做某事）　　1.Iamgoingtoenjoymyselfoverthevacation.　　2.I'mgoingtospendmysummervacationbythesea.　　3.I'mgoingtotakepartinthesummercamp.　　关键词二：forexample例如　　1.You'llhavealotoffunbythesea,Forexample,youcanswiminthesea,playinthesandandcollectseashells.　　2.Therearemanytopicsyoucanwriteaboutinyourcomposition.Forexample,youcantalkboutyourfavoritesportoryourfavoritesong.　Lesson21　　关键句型一：表示"收费/免费"的句型　　1.Theticketforenteringtheparkis50RMB.　　2.Itwillcostyou50yuantoenterthatpark.　　3.Itusedtobefreetoenterthepark.　　4.Theybelieveapublicparkshouldbefreeofcharge.　　5.Anentrancefeewillbechargedfortheparkfromnextmonth.　　 【李阳老师额外奉献：表示收费的其他句型】　　1.Thebillforthedinneris120yuan.　　2.Thetuitionforthissemesteris1500yuan.　　3.Hewasfined200RMBforviolationoftrafficregulation.　　 【finev.罚款violationn.违反（法律等）；违背regulationn.规则；法令】　　关键句型二：表示看法的句型\n--　　1.Intheiropinions,thefeesshouldbelow.　　2.Theythinkthatthefeesshouldbelow.　　3.Theybelievethatthefeesshouldbelow.　　4.Theyareconvincedthatthefeesshouldbelow.　　5.Theysuggestthatthefeesshouldbelow.　　关键句型三：表示"影响（城市形象）"的说法）　　1.Itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwillmakethecitylessattractive.　　2.Itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofacity.　　3.Itiscertainlyharmfultotheappearanceofacityifeveryonelitterswherevertheylike.　　4.Itisnotgoodfortheappearanceofacitytohavesuchalakefullofrubbish.　　5.Thecity'sappearancewillsufferfromtheincreaseinpollution.　　6.Somefactoriespourwastewaterintotheriver,whichwilldiminishthebeautyofacity.　　7.Itreallytakesawayfromthebeautyofacitytohavesuchfiltheverywhere.　　 【takeawayfrom:减损filthn.垃圾；污物】　Lesson22关键句型一：描述激动心情的句型　　1.IwasveryexcitedwhenIheardthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.　　2.HowexcitingthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames!　　3.Icouldn'trestrainmyexcitementwhenIheardthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.　　4.HowmarvelousthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames!　　5.HowwonderfultohearthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames!　　6.I'minagreatmoodonhearingthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.　　7.It'sbreathtakingthatBeijingwonthebidforthe2008OlympicGames.关键句型二：表示"决定做某事"的句型（　\n--　1.Afterabriefdiscussionwedecidedtoputupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　2.Afterabriefdiscussionwemadeadecisiontoputupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　3.Afterabriefdiscussionwefixedonputtingupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　4.Afterabriefdiscussionwemadeupourmindstoputupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　5.Afterabriefdiscussionwesetourmindsonputtingupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　6.Afterabriefdiscussionwereachedadecisionthatweshouldputupawallnewspaperforourclass.　　关键句型三：描述惊喜的句型　　1.Ourclassmatesweresurprisedandoverjoyedwhentheysaythewallnewspaper.　　2.Ourclassmateswerepleasantlysurprisedwhentheysawthewallnewspaper.　　3.Itwasreallyasurprisetoourclassmateswhentheysawthewallnewspaper.　　4.Itwasreallyamazingthattherewasawallnewspaperintheclassroom.　　5.Itwasbeyondtheirexpectationstoseethewallnewspaper,andallofthemwereextremelyhappy/ Lesson23关键句型：表示过去与现在的对比的句型（　　1.Ihadtoworkonweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesinthepast.However,thingshavechangedalotnow.Ihavemorefreetime.　　2.Iusedtohavetoworkevenonweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclasses.NowIhavemorefreetime.　　3.Inthepast,Ihadtoworkonweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclasses.ButnowIhavemorefreetime.　　4.It'squitedifferentnow.Iusedtohavetoworkevenonweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclasses,butnowIhavemorefreetime.　　5.It'snotlikeitusedtobeatall.NowIhavemorefreetime.　　6.Ihavemorefreetimethanbefore. Lesson24\n--　　关键句型一：表示事情发生的句型　　1.ThetrafficaccidenthappenedonFebruary8,2000.　　2.TheeventtookplaceearlyinthemorningonFebruary8,2000.　　3.Thecrossroadwhere3rdmeetsParkStreetwaswhereithappened.　　4.Therewasatrafficattheintersectionof3rdandPark.　　5.Itoccurredonthecornerof3rdandPark.　　关键句型二：表示"观察；注意"的句型　　1.Ipaidattentiontothecar'slicenseplate.　　2.InoticedtheplatenumberwasAC864.　　3.Igotalookathislicenseplate.ThenumberwasAC864.　　4.Igothislicenseplatenumber.　Lesson25　　关键句型一：宣布举行活动的句型　　1.TheStudentUnionhasdecidedtoorganizeamusicweek.　　2.TheStudentUnionwillholdamusicweek.　　3.AmusicweekwillbeheldbytheStudentUnion.　　4.WewillhaveamusicweekheldbytheStudentUnion.　　5.TherewillbeamusicweekheldbytheStudentUnion.　　关键句型二：表达"活动包含……"的句型　　1.Theactivitieswillincludesingingpopsongsandplayingclassical＆folkmusic.　　2.Amongtheactivitiestherewillbepopsingingandclassical＆folkperformances.　　3.Singingpopsongsandplayingclassical＆folkmusicwillbejustsomeoftheactivitiesoffered.　　4.Therewillbemanykindsofactivitiesincludingsingingpopsongsandplayingclassical＆folkmusic.　　5.Wewillhaveabundantactivitiesduringthemusicweek,suchasdingingpopsongsandplayingclassical＆folkmusic.　　 【abundantadj.丰富的；充裕的】关键句型三；关于报名的句型　　1.Ifyouwouldliketojoinus,pleasetellusbeforeApril20th.\n--　　2.Ifyou'dliketotakepartinthemusicweek,pleaseletusknowbeforeApril20th.　　3.Thosewhoareinterested,pleasemakesureyouareonourlistbyApril20th.　　4.Ifinterested,pleasecomeandsignupforitbeforeApril20th.　　5.AllwishingtoparticipatepleaseregisterbeforeApril20th.　　6.April20thisthedeadlinetosignup.Lesson26　　关键句型一：告诉某人某事的句型　　1.Doyouknowwhathashappenedinmyschool?　　2.Letmetellyouafewthingsaboutmyschool.　　3.I'dliketoletyouknowsomethingaboutmyschool.　　5.Iamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyschool.　　6.Iwouldlikeyoutoknowsomethingaboutmyschool.　　关键句型二：表示"发生变化"的句型　　1.Quiteafewchangeshavetakenplace.　　2.Quiteafewchangeshaveoccurred.　　3.Ourschoolhasexperiencedgreatchanges.　　4.Manychangeshavehappenedatourschool.　　5.Manychangeshavebeenmadeatourschool.　　6.Ourschoolhasgonethroughquiteafewchanges.　　 【gothrough:经历；经受】　　7.Therearequiteafewchangesthathavetakenplace.　　关键句型三：描述方位的句型　　1.Ourschoolisoppositetothenewpostoffice.　　2.Ononesideoftheriverthereisarowoftrees.　　3.Iwillwaitforyouinfrontofthegateofthepark.　　4.Ontheothersidenowstandsanewmovietheater.　　5.Wehave madealotofimprovementsonandaroundthecampus. 　Lesson27\n--　　关键词一：givesb.awarmwelcome热烈欢迎某人　　1.Whenwevisitedthefactory,theworkerstheregaveusawarmwelcome.　　 当我们到工厂参观的时候，那里的工人们热烈地欢迎我们。　　2.WhenIgottoMary'shouse,herfamilygavemeawarmwelcome.　　 当我去到玛丽家的时候，她一家人热烈地欢迎我。　　3. Let'sgiveawarmwelcometoProfessorLi.　　让我们热烈欢迎李教授。　　关键词二：showsb.around带领某人参观……　　1.Thefarmersshowedusaroundthefarm.　　 农民们带我们参观了农场。　　2.Thisafternoon,Iwillshowyouaroundthecity.　　 今天下午，我会带你参观这城市。　　关键词三：havefundoingsth.做某事很愉快。　　1.Yesterday,wehadgreatfunplayingbasketball.　　 昨天，我们条篮球打得很愉快。　　2.Didyouhavegreatfunspendingyourvacationinthecountryside?　　 你是不是在乡村度过了一个非常愉快的假期？ Lesson28　　关键词一：pointto指向；指着　　1.Whiletalkingtous,theyoungmanpointedtoapolicemannotfaraway.　　 那个年轻人跟我们说话的时候，指着不远处的一个警察。　　2.Hepointedtothatoilpaintingandtoldusaboutitshistory.　　 他指着那幅油画，向我们介绍它的历史。　　关键词二：explainv.解释；说明　　1.Theyoungmanexplainedwhytheystoppedus.　　 那个年轻人解释人与人之间为什么拦下我们。　　2.Heexplainedthereasonwhyhewasmadetocatchtheoffenders.　　 他解释他被要求抓违章者的原因。　　3.Sheexplainedthatherbushadn'tcomeupontime.\n--　　 她解释说她要乘坐的公交车没有按时到达。 Lesson29　　关键句型一：表示"学习课程"的句型　　1.AmongthesubjectsIstudiedinschoolwereChinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandcomputers.　　2.ThemainsubjectsIstudiedatschoolincludedChinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandcomputers.　　3.IstudiedmanydifferentsubjectsatschoolincludingChinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandcomputers.　　4.TherearemanysubjectsIstudiedatschool,suchasChinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandcomputers.　　5.Istudiedlotsofdifferentstuffinschool,including,butnotlimitedto,Chinese,math,English,physics,chemistryandcomputers.【非常正式】　　关键句型二：表示特长的句型　　1.IlikeEnglishandcomputersbest,andIamverygoodatthem.　　2.IlikeEnglishbest,andIalwaysgothighgradesontheEnglishexams.　　3.MystrengthslieinEnglishandcomputers.　　 【strengthn.力量；长处；优点】　　4.MybestsubjectswereEnglishandcomputers.　　5.IdidverywellinEnglishandcomputerclasses.　　6.Englishandcomputersaremyareasofexpertise.　　 【expertisen.专门知识；专门技能】　　7.I'dsayIamquiteproficientatEnglishandcomputers.　　 【proficientadj.熟练的；精通的】　　关键句型三：表达爱好的句型　　1.Ilike/loveplayingguitarbest.　　2.Inmysparetime,Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusicandcollectingstamps.　　3.I'minterestedincollectingstamps.　　4.I'mreallyfondofskatinginwinter.　　5.Myfavoritesportsareswimminginsummerandskatinginwinter.　　6.Iadorelisteningtopopularmusic.　　7.I'mcrazyaboutsports.\n--　　8.Ifindgreatpleasureinlisteningtopopmusic.　　9.Ilikenothingbetterthanswimming.Lesson30　　关键词一：hold(ameeting/party/contest)举办/召开（会议/聚会/比赛等）　　1.TheStudentUnionisgoingtoholdapartyonSaturdayevening.　　 学生会计划在星期六晚上举办一个晚会。　　2.Ameetingwillbeheldtodiscusshowtocopewiththisproblem.　　3.OurclasswillholdanEnglishcontestnextFriday.　　 我们班下周五将举行一次英语竞赛。　　关键词二：welcomev.欢迎　　1.TheStudentUnionisgoingtoholdapartytowelcomeourfriendsfromtheUnitedStates.　　 学生会打算举行一个聚会来欢迎来自美国的朋友。　　2.Aperformancewillbeputonthiseveningtowelcomethefreshmeninouruniversity.　　 【freshmann.新生；大学一年级新生】　　 为了欢迎我们大学里的新生，今晚将举行一场表演。　　3.Mymotherpreparedabigmealtowelcomemyclassmates.　　 为了欢迎我的同学，妈妈准备了丰盛的晚餐。　　关键词三：exchange(gift)交换（礼物等）　　1.Attheendoftheparty,studentsaresupposedtoexchangegifts.　　 在晚会的最后，学生们将交换礼品。　　2.WecanusetheInternettoexchangeinformationwithotherpeopleinnotime.　　 【innotime:立刻；几乎马上地】　　 我们可以通过因特网迅速地和别人交换信息。　　3.InMr.Li'sclass,weareencouragedtoexchangeourideaswitheachother.　　 在李老师的课上，他鼓励我们相互交流想法。　　关键词四：wrapsth.Up包裹（某物）；包装（某）　　1.Remembertowrapitup,signyournameandwriteafewwordsofgoodwishes.\n--　　 记住把它包装好，签上名，并写上一些祝福的语句　　2.Wraptherubbishupwiththeoldnewspaperandthrowitaway,please.　　 请用旧报纸把垃圾包好扔掉。　　3.ThebirthdaypresentforDaisyhasbeenwrappedup.　　 给戴西的生日礼物已经包好了。Lesson31　　关键句型一：买东西的句型（以本题为例）　　1.Earlyinthemorningwewenttobuysomepresentsformygrandma.　　2.Wewenttotheshoptochoosesomepresentsformygrandma.　　3.Wetoldtheshopassistantthatwewouldliketobuysomepresentsformygrandma.　　4.Wetoldtheshopassistantthatwewerelookingforsomepresentsformygrandma.　　5.Wetoldtheshopassistantthatweweretryingtofindsomethingformygrandma'sbirthday.　　关键句型二：描述用餐的句型　　1.Themealwasniceandweallenjoyeditverymuch.　　2.Themealwasdeliciousandweallloveditverymuch.　　3.Themealwassonicethatweallenjoyeditverymuch.　　4.Itwassuchanicemealthatweallenjoyeditverymuch.　　5.Becausethemealwasverynice,weallenjoyeditverymuch.　　关键句型三：道别的句型　　1.Wesaidourgoodbyesandheadedhome.　　2.At4o'clock,wesaidgoodbyeandsetoffforhome.　　3."Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyouagainsoon.Goodbye!"IsaidwhenIwasleaving.　　4.Weallfeltveryhappytoday,andwehopedthatwecouldmeetagainverysoon.　　5.Itwastimeforustoleave.Weallconsidereditnicemeetingeachother.　　6.Wewavedgoodbyetothemandleftforhome.Lesson32　　关键句型一：表示获奖的句型　　1.Hewonagoldmedalinthedivingeventatthe11thAsianGames.\n--　　2.Hegotthefirstplaceinthedivingeventatthe11thAsianGames.　　3.Hewonthefirstprizeinthedivingeventatthe11thAsianGames.　　4.Hebecameaworldchampionatthe6thWouldSwimmingChampionshipsearlythisyear.　　5.Hebeatalltheothercompetitorsatthe6thWorldSwimmingChampionshipsearlythisyear.　　关键句型二：表示"喜欢做某事"的句型　　1.Hebecameinterestedinswimmingwhenhewasalittleboy.　　2.Hewasfondofswimmingwhenhewasalittleboy.　　3.Heliked/lovedswimmingverymuchwhenhewasalittleboy.　　4.Hedevelopedaninterestinswimmingwhenhewasalittleboy.　　5.Hedevelopedastrongpassionforswimmingwhenhewasveryyoung.　　【passionn.激情；热情】关键句型三：表示"认真学习"的句型　　1.Hestudiedhardatschool.　　2.Heworkedhardatschool.　　3.Hedevotedhimselftohisstudies.　　4.Hegavehisstudieseverythinghehad.　　5.Heputhimself intohisstudywhenhewasatschool.　　6.Heputhisheartintohisschoolworkwhenhewasatschool. 　Lesson33　　关键句型一：表示"担心；忧虑"句型（　　1.I'mworriedabout theeffectsoftelevision,especiallyonourchildren.　　2.I'mworryingthattheTVhasmoreandmoreimpactonourchildren.　　3.It'saworrytomethattheTVhasmoreandmoreimpactsonourchildren.　　4.I'mveryconcernedthatTVhasinfluencedourchildrengreatly.　　5.Ifeelgreatconcernfortheeffectsoftelevision,especiallyonourchildren.　　6.Iamdisturbedbytheeffectsoftelevision,especiallyonourchildren.　　7.Theeffectsoftelevisiononourchildrendisquietmeagreatdeal.\n--　　 【disquietv.使不安；使忧虑】关键句型二：表示"仿效"的句型　　1.ManychildrencopywhattheyseeonTV.　　2.ManychildrenlearnfromthebadexamplesshownonTV.　　3.AfterwatchingtheTVprograms,manychildrenfollowsuit.　　 【followsuit:照别人的方式去做；学样（尤俯拾皆是坏的方面）】　　4.ManychildrenareinthralltowhattheyseeonTV.　　 【inthrallto:受……控制；深受……影响】　　5.ManychildrenareenthralledbywhattheyseeonTV.　　 【enthrallv.迷惑；迷住；奴役】　　关键句型三：表示"诱导"的句型　　1.Theadvertisementsmakethechildrenwant thingstheydon'tneed.　　2.Theadvertisementsattractthechildrentoaskforthingstheydon'tneed.　　3.Theadvertisementstemptthechildrentoaskforthingstheydon'tneed.　　4.Theadvertisementsallurethechildrentoaskforthingstheydon'tneed.　　5.Theadvertisementsstimulatethechildrentoaskforthingstheydon'tneed.　　6.Theadvertisementspropelthechildrentoaskforthingstheydon'tneed.　　关键句型四：表示"导致"的句型　　1.Manychildrenhavetowearglasses,andIbelieveitisbecauseofthelonghourstheyspendwatchingTV.　　2.ThelonghoursthechildrenspendwatchingTVcausemanyofthemtowearglasses.　　3.ThelonghoursthechildrenspendwatchingTVresultinmanyofthemhavingtowearglasses.　　4.ThelonghoursthechildrenspendwatchingTVleadtothefactthatmanyofthemhavingtowearglasses.　　5.ManychildrenenduphavingtowearglassesduetothelonghourstheyspendwatchingTV.　　 【endupdoing:结果是……】 Lesson34　　关键句型一：请假的句型\n--　　1.Iwantadayoff.　　2.Iamwritingtoaskyouforsickleave.　　3.Shehadadayoffbecauseshe'dgotabadcold.　　4.Ihavetotakeadayoffbecauseoftheseriousheadache.　　5.Herequestedaleaveofabsence.　　6.Hewasoutsickforaday.　　关键句型二：描述生病的句型　　1.Ihadabadcold.　　2.Ihadaheadache/stomachache/backache/sorethroatyesterday.【sorethroat:喉咙痛】　　3.Ihadgotahighfever.　　4.Ifeelapaininmyleg.　　5.Thereisaseriouspaininmyback.6.ThatnightIhadabadattackofdiarrhea.　　关键句型三：叫某人做某事的句型　　1.Thedoctoraskedmetostayinbedforthreedays.　　2.Thedoctortoldmetotakethismedicinethreetimesaday.　　3.Thedoctorprescribedmedicineandtoldmenottotakeitwithalcohol.　　 【prescribev.开处方；开药】　　4.Thedoctoradvisedmetostayinbed.　　5.Thedoctorsuggesteddrinkingmorewater.　　6.Thedoctor'sorderswereplentyofexerciseandVitaminC.　　7.ThedoctorrecommendedthatIrest. Lesson35关键句型一：表示感谢（别人的邀请）的句型　　1.Itwasveryniceofyoutoinviteme.　　2.Itissokindofyoutoinvitemetospendthesummerholidayswithyou.　　3.Thankyousomuchforyourkindinvitationtospendthesummerholidayswithyou.　　4.Ican'ttellyouhowhappyIwastoreceiveyourinvitation.　　5.Whatadelightfulideatospendthesummervacationinyourvillagewithyou!Thankyou.\n--　　关键句型二：表示拒绝（邀请）的句型　　1.Itwasveryniceofyoutoinviteme,butI'msorrytosaythatIwillnotbeabletocome.　　2.I'mterriblysorry,butIdon'tthinkIcanmakeit.Thankyouallthesame.　　3.I'dlovetospendafewdayswithyou,butI'mafraidIcan't.　　4.Manythanksforyourinvitation,butI'mafraidthatIwillnotbeabletocome.　　5.IwishIcould,butI'vealreadyfixedsomethingup.　　 【fixup:安排】关键句型三：表达"照顾某人"的句型　1.Iwillhavetolookaftermymother.　　2.Ihavetotakecareofmymother.　　3.I'mresponsibleformymother'scare.　　4.There'snoonebutmetowatchoutformom. 　Lesson36关键句型一：表示"从事……工作"的句型（　　1.Mymotherisanurse.　　2.Mymotherworksinahospital.　　3.Mymother'sjobisanurse.　　4.Mymotherworksasanurseinahospital.　　5.Mymother'sfieldisnursing.　　6.Mymotheris/worksinthenursingprofession.关键句型二；表示称赞的句型（　　1.Theyallsaysheisagoodnurse.　　2.Allthepeopleconsidermymotheragoodnurse.　　3.Everyoneagreesthatmymotherisanexcellentnurse.　　4.Everyoneacknowledgesthatmymotherisagoodnurse.　　5.Lotsofpeoplecan'thelpadmiringmymother'sdevotiontoherjob.　　关键句型三：描述"尽心尽力"力的句型　　1.Sheworkshard.　　2.Shereallyputsherheartintohelpingherpatients.　　3.Shedoeseverythingshecantoeasetheirsuffering.\n--　　4.Wheneverthepatientsareintrouble,sheisalwaysreadytohelpthem.　　5.Sheisverykindtothepatientsandalwaystriesherbesttoservethem.　　6.ShegoesaboveandbeyondthecallofdutytomakesureherpatientsareOK.　　 【aboveandbeyond:大于；多于；远于】　　7.Shegivesherjob110%.　　 【"givesth.110%"是一个英语习惯用语，表示"尽力做某事"，这是一种夸张的说法。还可以说"givesth.100%"，但前者用得更多。】Lesson37关键句型一：表示"始建于……"的句型　　1.Itdatesfromabout770BC.【datefrom:从……就有了】　　2.Itdatesbacktoabout770BC.【datebackto：回溯到】　　3.Itwasbuiltinabout770BC.　　4.Itwasconstructedinabout770BC.　　5.Peoplebegantobuilditinabout770BC.　　6.Itsconstructionstartedinabouttheyear770BC.　　关键句型二：表示长、宽、高的句型（）　　1.Itismorethan6,000kilometerslong,6to7metershighand4to5meterswide.　　2.Itslengthis6,000kilometers,heightis6to7metersandwidthis4to5meters.　　3.Itis6,000kilometersinlength,6to7metersinheightand4to5metersinwidth.　　关键句型三："不到长城非好汉"的翻译方法　　1.You'renotamanuntilyouvisittheGreatWall.　　2.You'renoman;you'veneverbeentotheGreatWall.　　3.HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.　　4.HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallishardlyarealman.　　5.Howcanyoucallyourselfamanifyouhaven'tevenbeentotheGreatWall? Lesson38　　关键句型一：表示出生的句型\n--　　1.ErnestMillerHemingwaywasborninOakPark,lllinoisintheyear1899.　　2.ErnestMillerHemingwayentered/cameintothisworldin1899.　　3.ErnestMillerHemingway'smothergavebirthtohimin1899.　　关键句型二：表达取得成功的句型（以本题为例）　　1.TheOldManandTheSeawashismostsuccessfulnovel.　　2.ThegreatestnovelhehadpublishedwasTheOldManandTheSea.　　3.Hisbook,TheOldManandTheSea,turnedouttobeagreatsuccess.　　4.Hisbook,TheOldManandTheSea,wonhimthePulitzerPrize.　　5.Forthebook,TheOldManandTheSea,hewonthePulitzerPrize.　　6.Thankstothebook,TheOldManTheSea,hereceivedthePulitzerPrize.　　7.Hisbook,TheOldManandTheSea,madeagreatstirwiththepublicafteritwaspublished.　　 【makeastir:引起轰动】　　关键句型三：描述自杀的句型　　1.Heshothimselfin1961　　2.Hetookhisownlifewithagunin1961.　　3.Hekilledhimselfwithagunin1961.　　4.Hisdeath,byhisownhand,in1961,wastrulyasadevent.　　5.Hecommittedsuicidewithagunin1961.　　6.Heblewhimselfawayin1961.　　 【blowaway:用枪射杀】Lesson39　　关键句型一：表达递进（除了我，其他人也……）的句型（以本题为例）　　1.Besidesme,moststudentsofourschoolareagainsttheconstructionofachemicalworksnearourschool.　　2.Iamagainsttheconstructionofachemicalworksnearourschool.　　 Moreover,moststudentsholdthesameideaasme.　　3.NotonlyI,butalsomostoftheotherstudentsofourschooldisapproveoftheconstructionofachemicalplantnearourschool.　　4.Moststudentsofourschool,includingme,opposetotheconstructionofachemicalworksnearourschool.\n--　　关键句型二：表示转折（尽管……但……）的句型　　1.Theworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,butwethinkitsilldousmoreharmthangood.　　2.Theworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,whilewethinkitwilldousmoreharmthangood.　　3.Thoughtheworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,wethinkitwilldoupmoreharmthangood.　　4.Althoughtheworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,wethinkitwilldousmoreharmthangood.　　5.Eveniftheworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,wethinkitwilldousmoreharmthangood.　　6.Theworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity.However,wethinkitwilldousmoreharmthangood.　　7.Inspiteofthegreatamountofmoneytheworkswillmakeforourcity,wethinkitwilldousmoreharmthangood.　　8.Despitethepossibilitythattheworkswillmakealotofmoneyforourcity,wethinkitsilldousmoreharmthangood.　　关键句型三：表示"对……有害"的句型（以本题为例）　　1.Thechemicalworkswilldoharmtoourcity.　　2.Itisbadforourcitytobuildachemicalworks.　　3.Achemicalworkswouldbeadisasterforourcity.　　4.Itwillbeharmfultobuildachemicalworksinourcity.　　5.Buildingachemicalworkscouldonlybringharmtoourcity.　　6.Thechemicalworkswillhaveabadeffectontheenvironmentofourcity.　　7.Theproposedchemicalworkswillhaveanadverseeffectonourcity.　　 【adverseacj.不利的；敌对的；相反的】 Lesson40　　关键句型一：（在信中）介绍某人的句型　　1.I'dliketointroducemyyoungerbrothertoyou.　　2.HaveIeverintroducedmyyoungerbrothertoyou:?　　3.Iwouldlikeyoutogettoknowmyyoungerbrother.\n--　　4.Letmeintroducemyyoungerbrothertoyou.　　关键句型二：表示担心的句型（　　1.TheonlyproblemishisEnglishisn'tsogreat.　　2.Heisafraidthatpeoplewon'tbeabletounderstandhim.　　3.IfinditveryworryingthathisEnglishisnotsogood.　　4.It'saworrytomethathewon'tbeabletocommunicatewiththepeoplethere.　　5.I'mveryconcernedthathispoorEnglishwillcausehimalotoftrouble.　　6.I'mworriedthathewon'tbeabletocommunicatewhilevisitingtouristattractionsorshopping.关键句型三：请求帮助的句型　　1.Ihaveafavortoaskyou.　　2.Wouldyoubekindenoughtogivehimasmuchhelpaspossible?　　3.Wouldyoubekindenoughtogivehimasmuchhelpaspossible?　　4.I'dreallyappreciateitifyougavehimalittlehelp.　　5.Wouldyoumindlookingoutforhimwhilehe'sinthecity?　　 【lookoutfor:照料；当心】　　6.Couldyoupleasedomeafavorandlookoutforhimwhilehe'sinthecity?　Lesson41　　关键句型一：比较级和最高级的句型　　1.Peoplearemuchricherthanbefore.　　2.Peopleherenowliveamuchbetterlifethanbefore.　　3.Thissmallvillagehasbecomemorebeautifulthanbefore.　　4.Theteachingbuildingisthebiggestbuildinginourvillage.　　5.Theteachingbuildingisthegreatestconstructioninourvillage.　　关键句型二：表示"没有"句型（以本题为例）　　1.Therewerenoschoolsinourvillage.　　2.Ourlittlevillagedidn'tevenhaveaschool.　　3.Wehadnoschoolsinourvillageinthepast.　　4.Myhometownisapoorvillagewithoutschool.　　5.Therewasnotsomuchasaschoolinourvillage.\n--　　关键句型三：现在完成时的句型　　1.Childrenhavegotaplacetohavelessons.　　2.Peoplehavebuiltanewschoolinourvillage.　　3.Ihaven'tbeenbacktomyhometownfortwoyears.　　4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourvillagesince1980.　　5.Thelivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimprovedsince1980.　　6.Haveyoueverheardaboutthechangeshappenedinourvillage? Lesson42　　关键句型一：表达"因……而出名"的句型　　1.Ourareaisfamousasagreatproducerofcoal,oilandgas.　　2.Ourareaisveryfamousforitscoal,oilandgasproduction.　　3.Thankstoitscoal,oilandgasproduction,ourareabecameveryfamous.　　4.Itiswellknownforitscoal,oilandgasproduction.　　5.Itsreputationforitscoal,oilandgasproduction.　　6.Wemadeournameforturningouthighqualitycoal,oilandgas.　　 【turnout:生产；制造】　　7.Ourareaenjoysagoodreputationforturningoutalargequantityofcoal,oilandgas.　　 【enjoyagoodreputationfor:因……而享有声誉】关键句型二：表示"对……有影响"的句型　　1.Thegasproductiongreatlyaffectsthecoalandoilproduction.　　2.Thecoalandoilproductionaregreatlyaffectedbythegasproduction.　　3.Thegasproductiongreatlyinfluencesthecoalandoilproduction.　　4.Thegasproductionhasgreatinfluenceonthecoalandoilproduction.关键句型三：表示"促进……增长"的句型（　　1.Theopeningofnewoil＆gasfieldsmadethethreeareasofproductionincreaserapidly.　　2.Theopeningofnewoil＆gasfieldsledtoarapidincreaseofthecoal,oilandgasproduction.\n--　　3.Theopeningofnewoil＆gasfieldscausedarapidincreaseofthecoal,oilandgasproduction.　　4.Theopeningofnewoil＆gasfieldsresultedinarapidincreaseofthecoal,oilandgasproduction.　　5.Theopeningofnewoil＆gasfieldsbroughtaboutarapidincreaseofthecoal,oilandgasproduction.【bringabout:使发生；引起；致使】 　Lesson43关键句型一：表示"起重要作用"的句型　　1.TheInternetisgreatlyaffectingourdailylife.　　2.TheInternetisveryimportanttousnowadays.　　3.TheInternethasabigimpactonourdailylife.　　4.TheInternetischangingthewayweliveourlives.　　5.TheInternetistransformingthewayweliveourlives.　　6.TheInternetisplayinganimportantroleinpeople'sdailylife.　　7.TheInternetisplayinganimportantpartinpeople'sdailylife.　　关键句型二：表示"与他人取得联系"的句型　　1.IwillcallyouonceIgetthere.　　2.Ikeepintouchwithmyoldfriendsviae-mail.　　3.PleasewritetoMr.Whitetoaskforsomeadvice.　　4.Youcanmaketelephonecallstomeifyoumissme.　　5.Isente-mailtomyfatherwhenhewastravelinginLondon.　　关键句型三：表示"利用某物做某事"的句型　　1.Wecanlistentomusicusingourcomputer.　　2.ManypeoplenowusetheInternetforstudy.　　3.ManystudentsreaddifferentkindsofarticlesviatheInternet.　　4.WecantakeadvantageoftheInternettolearnforeignlanguages.　　5.IcanusetheInternettogetinformationaboutthisever-changingworld.　　6.MakegooduseoftheInternet,you'llfindthatyoucangetalotofbenefitsfromit. Lesson44\n--关键句型一：谈论梦想的句型　　1.I'mgoingtobe/becomeateacher.　　2.Mydreamistobeateacher.　　3.Idreamofbecomingateacher.　　4.Mygoalistobecomeateacher.　　5.Iwanttobe/becomeateacherinthefuture.　　6.Iwouldliketobeateacherinthefuture.　　7.Iwishtobe/becomeateacherinthefuture.　　8.IhopeIwillbecomeateacherinthefuture.　　9.I'vedecidedtobeateacherinthefuture.　　10.I'vemadeupmymindtobecomeateacherinthefuture.　　11.I'mdeterminedtobecomeateacherinthefuture.　　12.Ihaveadreamandthatistobecomeateacherinthefuture.　　关键句型二：表示"浪费时间"的句型　　1.It'sawasteoftimepersuadinghimtogiveuphisidea.　　2.Whyareyouwastingyourtimeonthatstuff?　　3.IthinkwatchingTVisawasteoftime.　　4.Idon'twanttowasteyourtime.　　5.Noonecanaffordtowastetime.　　 【一定要珍惜一分一秒！最大限度地利用你的零碎时间来练习英语吧！】　　 【李阳老师额外奉献】　　  AnysparemomentcanbeagreatopportunitytoexerciseyourEnglishskill.Oneminuteisenoughtoreadasentence20times.Remember,oneminutecanalsoproducemiracles.Neversaythatyoudon'thaveenoughtimetolearnEnglish!　　任何零碎时间都是训练英语技能的好机会！一分钟足以将一个句子读20遍。记住：一分钟也可以创造奇迹。永远都不要说你没时间学英语！关键句型三：表示"献身于……"的句型　　1.Iwilldevotemyselftothecauseofeducation.　　2.Iwillgiveallmylifetothecauseofeducation.　　3.Iwilldedicatemylifetothecauseofeducation.　　4.Iwillmakethecauseofeducationmylife'swork.\n--　　5.Iwillworkforthecauseofeducationmywholelife.　　6.Iwillworkwithallmyheartandsoulforthecauseofeducation.　　 【heartandsoul:全心全意地】Lesson45　　关键句型一：表示"构成危害"的句型　　1.Pollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblemtoallthenationsoftheworld.　　2.Pollutionhasbecomeagreatrisktoourearth.　　3.Pollutionisadangertousall.　　4.Pollutionisathreattomankind.　　5.Pollutionhasthreatenedourlivesgreatly.　　6.Pollutionhasbroughtgreattohumanbeings.　　7.Pollutiontroubles/vexes/irritatesusnoend.关键句型二：表示"采取措施"的句型　　1.Somethingmustbedonetotackletheproblem.　　2.We'vegottodosomethingaboutpollutionrightaway.　　3.Wemusttakeactionnowtocontrolpollution.　　4.Wehavetotakeeffectivemeasurestosolvethisproblem.　　5.Weshouldadoptsomemeasurestofightagainstpollution.　　6.It'stimetotakestepstocontroltheincreasinglyseriouspollution.Lesson46关键句型一：表示"成立；建立"的句型　　1.TheChildren'sCenterwassetupin1994.　　2.TheChildren'sCenteropenedwasbuiltin1994.　　3.TheChildren'sCenteropenedtenyearsago.　　4.TheChildren'sCenterwasfoundedtenyearsago.　　关键句型二：表示"接待参观者"的句型　　1.TheChildren'sCenterhashad10millionguestssinceitopenedadecadeago.　　2.TheChildren'sCenterhasreceivedover10millionvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.　　3.10millionvisitorsfromalloverthecountryhavevisitedtheChildren'sCentersinceitopenedtenyearsago.\n--　　4.10millionvisitorsfromalloverthecountryhavepaidavisittotheChildren'sCentersinceitopenedtenyearsago.　　关键句型三：表示"挤满了……"的句型　　1.Thechildrencrowdthepark'sfacilities.【facilitiesn.(pl.)设备】　　2.Theparkisfullofchildrenonweekends.　　3.Agreatnumberofchildrengatherattheparkeveryweekend.　　4.ThechildrenthrongtheparkonSunday.【throngv.群集】　　5.Childrenfilltheparktocapacityonweekends.　　6.Theparkisjam-packedwithchildrenonSunday.关键句型四：表示"洋溢着……"的句型　　1.Thechildrenfilltheparkwiththeirlaughter.　　2.Theparkisalwaysfullofchildren'slaughter.　　3.Theparkresonateswiththelaughterofchildren.　　4.Theparkisalwaysfilledwithchildren'slaughter.　　5.Allacrosstheparkyoucanhearthesoundofchildren'slaughter.　　6.Theparkisturnedintoaseaofchildren'slaughtereveryweekend. Lesson47关键句型一：表示演讲主题的句型　　1.WeareallheretodaytoholdafarewellpartyforMr.Green.　　2.WearegatheredheretodaytosaygoodbyetoMr.Green,ourbestteacher.　　3.ThereasonwhyweareheretodayistogiveourbestwishestoMr.Greenwhowillleaveussoonforhismotherland.　　4.IamveryhonoredtobehereonbehalfofallofyoutosendourbestwishestoMr.Greenwhowillleaveussoonforhismotherland.　　关键句型二：表示"爱戴"的句型　　1.Allthestudentsloveandrespecthimverymuch.　　2.Mr.Greenwassuchagoodteacherthathewasrespectedbyallofus.\n--　　3.Weallhavetheutmostrespectforhimbecausehe'ssuchagreatteacher.　　4.Allofusholdhiminhighregard,forhe'sanexcellentteacher.　　5.Weholdhiminhighesteem,forhe'sanexcellentteacher.　　 【esteemn.尊敬；尊重】　　关键句型三：表达谢意的句型（　　1.Wewillexpressourgratitudetohim.　　2.Wewouldliketoextendourgratitudetohim.　　3.Wordscan'ttellhowmuchhisteachingmeanttous.　　4.I'dliketosay"thankyou"tohimonbehalfofallthestudents.关键句型四：表达祝福的句型　　1.Mayeverysuccessgowithhim.　　2.Haveahappyjourneyandgoodluck!　　3.Wewishhimthebestineverythinghedoes!　　4.Wewishhimapleasantjourneyandgoodhealth.　　5.WehopeeverythinggoeswellwithhiminallofhisdaysLesson48　　关键句型一：表示"申请职位"的句型　　1.Iwanttoapplyforapostinyourcompany.　　2.Iwouldliketoworkforyouasasalesassistant.　　3.I'mreallyinterestedinthepostyouadvertisedintoday'snewspaper.　　4.I'mlookingforajoblikethatkindyouoffer.Couldyoupleasegivemeachance?　　5.Iheardthatyouwerelookingforasalesassistant.Doyoustillhavethatvacancy?　　 【vacancyn.空缺；空职】　　6.IwishthatIcouldbesofortunatetohavetheopportunitytoworkinyourcompanyasasalesassistant.　　关键句型二：表示教育背景的句型　　1.Ihavegotthehighschooldiploma.　　2.Imajoredinaccountinginuniversity.　　3.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor8years.\n--　　4.Ibegantostudyinthishighschoolin2001.　　5.IgraduatedfromBeijingUniversityin2002.关键句型三：表达期望的句型　　1.Iawaityourresponse.　　2.I'mwaitingforyourreply.　　3.Hopetohearfromyousoon.　　4.Iameagerlyanticipatingyourreply.　　5.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.　　6.I'mexpectingtogetyourreplyinthenottoodistantfuture.　　7.Iwouldappreciateyourpromptreply.　　8.Anearlyreplywillbeappreciated.Lesson49关键句型：表示"击败某人"的句型　　1.TheItalianteambeatGermanythreetoone.　　2.TheItalianteamdefeatedGermanythreetoone.　　3.TheItalianteamwonthegameagainstGermanteambyascoreofthreetoone.　　4.TheItaliansdominatedtheGermansthreetoone.　　5.ThefinalscorewasthreetooneintheItalians'favor.　　 【inone'sfavor:对某人有利】　　6.TheItalianteamtriumphedoverGermanythreetoone.7.TheItalianswallopedtheGermans,withthefinalscorethreetoone.Lesson50　　关键句型一：描述天气的句型　　1.Theweatherisverygood/lovely/terrible/toobad.　　2.Theweatherisneithertoohotnortoocold.　　3.It'ssunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy.　　4.There'snotacloudinthesky.　　5.There'snotacloudinthesky.　　6.There'splentyofsunshinetoday.　　7.It'shot/warm/cool/cold/chilly.关键句型二：表示"忙着做某事"的句型　　1.Somefarmerswerebusypickingtheapplesfromthetrees.\n--　　2.Somefarmersweretiedupwithworkinthefield.　　3.Somefarmerswereabsorbedintheirapplepicking.　　4.Somefarmerswerebusywithworkinthefield.　　5.Somefarmerswereoccupiedwithworkinthefield.关键句型三：赞美风景的句型1.Itwasextremelybeautiful!　　2.Thescenewassocharming!　　3.Whatabeautifulsceneitwas!　　4.Howbeautifulthescenewas!　　5.Ihaveneverbeentosuchalovelyplace!　　6.Itwasreallyawonderfulplace!7.Itwasapicturesquescene!8．Thescenewasasbeautifulasapainting!下面我们就提供一些关键词语，希望对同学们今后的写作有所帮助。请同学们疯狂朗读、反复狂读，争取把它们都烂熟于心！这样，写作文时就能得心应手！　　一、表示递进关系的关键词语　　Additionally                  加之；又　　besides                      此外；除……之外　　equallyimportant              同样重要的是　　furthermore                   此外；而且　　inaddition                    另外　　inotherwords                 换句话说　　lastbutnotleast                最后但同样重要的是　　moreover                     而且；此外　　thatissay                     即；就是；换句话说　　二、表示转折关系的关键词语　　although                      虽然；尽管　　atthesametime                  同时；但是　　despite                         不管；尽管；不论　　evenif                          即使　　eventhough                      即使　　however                         然而；可是　　inspiteof                        不管\n--　　instead                           代替；而不是　　nevertheless                       然而；不过　　onthecontrary                     正相反　　otherwise                         另外；不同地　　regardlessof                       不管；不顾　　still                              依然；仍然　　though                            虽然；可是　　while                             而　　yet                               然而；但是；仍　　三、表示选择关系的关键词语　　either…or…                        ……或……　　insteadof…                        ……，而不是……　　neither…nor…                   ……和……都不……　　not…but…                         不是……而是……　　ratherthan…                        宁可；胜过　　whether…ornot                      是否　　四、表示比较关系的关键词语　comparewith/to               与……比较　equally                     相等地；平等地　incomparisonwith            与……比较　　incontrast                           相反；大不相同　　incontrastto                         和……对比　　inthesameway                       同样地　　instead                              代替；改为　　onthecontrary                        正相反　　while                                而　　五、表示因果关系的关键词语　　accordingly                           因此；从而　　asaresultof                          作为结果　　because(of)                           因为　　consequently                          从而；因此　　dueto                           由于；应归于　　hence                               因此；从此　　inthat                  由于；因为；既然　　nowthat                           因为；既然\n--　　onaccountof                          由于　　owingto             由于；因……的缘故　　so                                    所以　　sothat                                 所以　　thanksto                               由于　　therefore                          因此；所以　　thus                                   因此　　六、用于表示总结的关键词语　　aboveall                       最重要的是accordingly                             于是asaconsequence                      因此asaresult                               结果ashasbeennoted                    如前所述asIhavesaid                        如我所述　　atlast                                  最后　　briefly                            简单扼要地　　bydoingso                            如此　　certainly                  当然地；无疑地　consequently                            因此　　eventually                               最后　　hence                                    因此　　inaword                                总之　　inbrief                                   简言之　　inconclusion                      总；最后　　inshort                             简而言之　　insummary                        简要地说　　insum                       总之；简而言之　　obviously                               显然onthewhole  总体来说；整个看来toconclude                        总而言之tospeakfrankly                 坦白地说tosumup                            总而言之tosummarize                     总而言之初中英语词组总结50个　　1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官动词)+do　　eg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump　　2(比较级and比较级)表示越来越怎么样　　3apieceofcake=easy容易　　4agreewithsb赞成某人5allkindsof各种各样akindof一样　　6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界　　7alongwith同……一道，伴随……\n--　　eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去　　thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers学生同老师们一起种树　　8Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样　　9asyoucansee你是知道的　　10askfor……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西)eg:askyouformybook　　11asksbforsth向某人什么　　12asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事　　13attheageof在……岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen　　14atthebeginningof…………的起初;……的开始　　15attheendof+地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg:Attheendoftheday　　16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候　　17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信　　eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest　　18be+doing表：1现在进行时2将来时　　19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原)能够……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing　　20beabletodosth能够干什么eg:sheisabletosing　　21beafraidtodo(ofsth怕……eg:I'mafraedtogooutatnightI'mafraidofdog　　22beallowedtodo被允许做什么　　eg:I'mallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV我应该被允许看电视　　23beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Don'tbeangrywithme　　24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth为什么而生某人的气　　25beas…原级…as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高　　26beashamedto　　27beawayfrom远离　　28beawayfrom从……离开　　29bebadfor对什么不好eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好\n--　　30beborn出生于　　31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于……　　32becareful当心;小心　　33bedifferentfrom……和什么不一样　　34befamousfor以……著名　　35befriendlytosb对某人友好　　36befrom=comefrom来自　　eg：HeisfromBejingHecomesfromBejingIshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?　　37befullof装满……的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater　　38beglad+to+do/从句　　39begoingto+v(原)将来时　　40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,善于……　　41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish　　42behappytodo很高兴做某事　　43behelpfultosb对某人有好处　　eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处　　Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady锻炼对你的身体有好处　　44beingoodhealth身体健康　　45beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronble　　46beinterestedin对某方面感兴趣　　47belatefor=comelateto迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到　　48belike像……eg:I'mlikemymother　　49bemadat生某人的气　　50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)英语常见的几种特殊替代用法　替代词，就是在日常学习中所用的代词或量词。针对学生们常见的一些练习和考题，总结了一下几种特殊替代用法：it在句中作形式主语或形式宾语的替代用法1.it作形式主语可以代替句中的动词不定式、动词-ing分词或一个句子。ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.(it替代不定式tolearnEnglish)ItisnousemakingsuchanapologytousChinese.(It替代动词-ing分词makingsuchanapology)\n--Itishappyforherparentsthatsheiswellnow.(it替代句子thatsheiswellnow)2.it作形式宾语可以代替句中的动词不定式，此时句中的谓语事由某些特殊动词(如：findthinkfeel等)充当的。Ifinditimpossibletofinishsomuchworkinsuchashorttime.(it替代不定式tofinishsomuchwork)thatthis在句中的替代用法1、thatA:I’mgoingtowearmynewjeanstoherparty.B:Youcan’tdothat.(that替代towearmynewjeanstoherparty这一事情)2.thisthis在介绍某人或某物时，指的是靠近自己的一方。A:Hi,Mr.Smith,Thisismyfriend,Bill.B:Nicetomeetyou,Bill.C:Nicetomeetyou,Mr.Smith.This在电话用语中指的是自己。A:Hello,mayIspeaktoMissLi?B:ThisisMissLispeaking.(我就是李女士)which、that、who、whom在定语从句中的替代用法1.which在句中放指物的先行词后或整个句子后，引导限定性定语从句或非限定性定语从句。ShesaidIwaslazy,whichisn’ttrue.(which替代句子ShesaidIwaslazy)Thisisthepenwhichwasboughtbymyfather.(which替代的是thepen)2.that在句中放先行词后，引导限定性定语从句。既可指物，也可指人。Thebookthatsheborrowedfromthelibrarywaslost.(that替代的是Thebook)Themanthatwithaknifeinhishandisamurderer.(that替代的是Theman)Thepantsaretoosmallforme,Canyoushowmeanotherpair?(因为another后面只能跟单数可数名词，故而这里用pair代替，意为apairofpants)如果没有another时，则可用ones替代。Theredpantsaretoosmallforme.Canyoushowmetheblueones.(此处ones替代的是pants)同样，当遇上不可数名词时，也要用相应的一些量词来代替one的概念，或用相应的量词复数来代替ones的概念。\n--Thepaperistoosmallforthelittlegirltopainton,pleasegiveheranotherpiece.(因为有apieceofpaper)I’msohungrythatthissliceofchickenisn’tenough.Couldyougiveme3moreslices?(代替的是3moreslicesofchicken.)更多例句(请注意下面两句的细微差别)1)A:Look!Therearemanybottlesofmilkonthedesk.B:Yes,andwhichonedoyoulikebest?(此处用one的原因是A句中已经出现bottlesofmilk,所以可以代替onebottleofmilk)2)A:Thereismuchmilkonthedesk.B:Yes,butwhichbottlebagdoyoulikebest?(此处A句中心词为milk,因为milk前面不能用one来直接修饰，而只能用bottle或bag来代表数量，可以说abottleofmilkabagofmilk)某些名词所有格也可以作替代词如：1)A:WhereisJeanie?B:Oh,sheisatMary’s.(这里的Mary’s代替的是Mary’shouse)2)YesterdayTom’sfatherwasill,nowheisatthedoctor’s.(这里的doctor’s代替的是doctor’sroom或doctor’sclinic)倒装I.要点按"主语+谓语"这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序，如果变为"谓语(或谓语的一部分)+主语"，就是倒装语序。1、全部倒装(1)therebe句型Thereisgoingtobeameeting.Thereisabookonthetable.(2)here,there,now,then,in,out等副词置于句首时，主谓倒装，但如果主语是人称代词时，主语和谓语语序不倒装，如，Herecomesthebus.Herehecomes.(3)直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时，有时也用倒装，如，"Whathesaidmeantnothing",saidtheteacher.(4)为保持句子平衡，强调表语或状语，使上下文紧密衔接时须完全倒装，如，Infrontofthehousesatasmallboy.2、部分倒装(1)so,neither,nor置于句首说明与前者情况一致时，如，Ilikeswimming,sodoesmybrother.(2)only+状语放在句首，如，Onlythroughthismethodcanwewin.\n--Onlyinthiswaycanwedotheworkwell.(3)含有否定意义的词置于句首，如，Hardly,scarcely,not,seldom,nosooner,never,little,atnotime,innoway,nomore等，如，NeverhadIheardthat.LittledidIknowaboutthis.(4)以often,so+形容词或副词开头的句子，如，Soheavyistheboxthathecannotcarryit(5)用于省略if的虚拟条件句中，将had,were,should提前，如，WereIyou,Iwouldn'tdothat.Hadhecome,wewouldhavewon.(6)用于某些表示祝愿的句中，如，Mayyoubehappyforever.定语从句用法一、定语从句的概念　　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。　　二、定语从句的关系词　　引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。　　三、定语从句的分类　　根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。　　四、关系代词的用法　　1.that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：　　Marylikesmusicthatisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)　　Thecoat(that)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)　　2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：　　Thebuildingwhichstandsnearthetrainstationisasupermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)\n--　　Thefilm(which)wesawlastnightwaswonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)　　3.who，whom用于指人，who用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：　　ThegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishisfromEngland.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)　　Whoistheteacher(whom)LiMingistalkingto?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)　　注意：(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：　　Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。　　PleasetellmefromwhomyouborrowedtheEnglishnovel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。　　(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：　　Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。　　(3)that作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：　　Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.她居住的城市非常远。　　(4)关系词只能用that的情况：　　a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：　　Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一个通过考试的人。　　b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，theone等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：　　Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?　　c.先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast，little，few等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：　　ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。　　d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如　　IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。　　e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：\n--　　Whoisthegirlthatiscrying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?　　f.主句是therebe结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：　　ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoTom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。　　(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况：　　a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：　　What’sthatwhichisunderthedesk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?　　b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：　　Thisistheroominwhichhelives.这是他居住的房间。　　c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：　　Tomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。　　五、关系副词的用法　(1)when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：　　Thiswasthetimewhenhearrived.这是他到达的时间。　　(2)where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：　　Thisisplacewhereheworks.这是他工作的地点。　　(3)why指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：　　Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。