精编初中英语中考词汇总复习 7页

最新精编初中英语中考词汇总复习一、构词法:1、动词T名词work—>workerinvent^inventorteach^teachersing^singervisiWvisitordrive^driverinvent^inventionoperate^operation2、名词T名词farm—>farmerpolice—>policemanFrench—>Frenchman3、名词T形容词care^carefuluse—>usefulsun^sunnycloud^cloudywindTwindyrain^rainyAmerica^AmericanChina^Chineseinterest^interestingdifference^differenticeTicy4、形容词T副词quickTquicklyhappyThappilypossible—>possiblytrue^trulypolite—>politelywide—>widely5、形容词T反义词happy^unhappyusual^unusualable^unable二.常用词、词组和短语的英语解释:例如:lookafter—takecareofrightaway—atoncerightnow—now\nhavearest—takearestinthemiddleof—inthecentreofdowellin—begoodat三、兼类词和多义词的词类及用法：例如：1、right①adj.正确的Fmwrong.Youareright.我错了你是对的。②adv.恰恰，正好Ifsrightonyourhead.它正好在你头上。③n.右边LiMingsitsonmyright.李明坐在我右边。2、back®n.背，后背，后部②adv.向后，回原处Putyourhandsbehindyourback,(n.)把手放在背后。He，llbeback(adv.)intenminutes・他十分钟后回来。3、pooradj.①贫穷的②可怜的③不好的Hewastoopoortobuyanewcoat.他穷得买不起一件新外套。Thepooroldmanhadnoroomtolivein.这位可怜的老人没有地方住。Fmpooratsinging.我不擅于唱歌。4、callv.®称呼，取名\n②呼唤，叫来③大声说，叫喊n•①叫，喊②（一次）电话，通话TheboywascalledMingming.这个男孩被叫做明明。You'dbettercalladoctor你最好请位医生。Ihearsomeonecalling.我听见有人在叫。Iheardacallforhelp.我听到呼救的声音。Fllgiveyouacalllater.我以后再给你打电话。四、同义词（近义词），反义词（对应词）的词类及用法：例如：1、any和some,二者都有"一些叩勺意思，any多用于疑问句和否定句,some多用于肯定句。但在表示请求、邀请、期待肯定答复的问句中，常用some代替any。Icanseesomeflowersinthegarden.Ican，tseeanytreesthere.Wouldyoulikesomewater?2、borrowlendborrow常和from搭配，表示“借来从借入"lend常与to搭配，表示“借给……借出”Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike?Sorry,FvelentittoTom.Thankyouallthesame.Fllborrowitfromothers.\n3、take,bring,carrytake：将某物或某人带离说话人那里。bring则相反，是带到说话人处。例如:\nBringyourbookheretomorrow.Couldyoutakeittotheclassroom?carry是随身携带，不表明来去的方向，如：Icarftcarrythebox.It'stooheavy.4、find,lookfor,findoutfind意为“找到lookfor是“寻找”,findout是"发现、查明（真相）”Icarftfindmyticket.Fmlookingforit.Theyaretryingtofindoutwhobrokethewindow.5、look,see,watchlook是“看”，经常和at搭配,lookat看女n:Lookatthepicture.see是"看见如：Canyouseethepicture?watch是“观看"如IwaswatchingTVattenyesterday.6、other,theother,others,anotherother•可作为形容词，意为“其他的”如：Whatotherthingscanyousee?要注意掌握one...theother的用法，表示（两者中的）一个…另一个，如：Ihavetwoballs・Oneisred,theotherisgreen.\nothers泛指另外的人或物。theothers表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物=如：Somestudentsareplayingbasketball,（the）othersareplayingfootball.another意为"另一个"。如:Iwantanotherapple・7、speak,say,talk,tellspeak重在指人们对语言的掌握或使用。say强调说话的内容，talk指交谈或连续说话，常与with或to搭配。tell意为告诉。如:IcanspeakalittleEnglish・Hesaidhewasgoingtobeateacher.Whataretheytalkingabout?Canyoutellmethewaytothecinema?8、too,also,eithertoo,also,either都表示“也too用在句末，只用于肯定句。also置于句中，也只用于肯定句。either通常置于句末，用于否定句。女口：Iamateacher,too.Sheisalsoateacher.Heisn'tateacher,either.9、reach,arrive,getto三者都表示到达。“getto+地点”多用于口语。reach是及物动词，后面直接加地点。arrive是不及物动词，要用介词in或at再加地点，较大地点用in,较\n小的地点用at,如HavetheyarrivedinBeijing?TheyreachedBeijinglastnight.Igettoschoolatseveneveryday.10、cost,pay,spendcost的主语只能是“物”，不能是人。spend-般是用人而不是用物做主语。cost表示“值（多少）钱杠花费",spend表示“花费度过二pay表示付款。可以记住下列句型：1）主语（物）+cost+sb.+sth.2）主语（人）+spend+/m°ney+?nSth-[time[indoingsth.3）pay与for连用,主语（人）+payfor请看例句：Ipaidtenyuanforthebook.Ispendtenyuanonthebook.Thebookcostmetenyuan.