初中地理教学论文中考常见图表试题解析 12页

初中地理教学论文中考常见图表试题解析Inmiddleschoolgeographyteachingpaper,thegeneralchartexamquestionisanalyzedMapisthesecondlanguageofgeographyaccordingtoitscontentcanbedividedinto:graticulemap,map(e.g.,topographicmap,apoliticalfigure),thematicmapsandgeographicschematicdiagram,geographicchart,suchasdeformationfigure,presentationandcompositechartforasinglechart・Accordingtothefunctionorientationofthenewcurriculumstandardsofjuniorhighschoolgeographycurriculum,thecombinationofnationaleducationexaminationcentertogeographicaldisciplineappraisalcontent,examinationof2009commongeographicchartforasinglechartcommonly,canbedividedinto:a,basemap:politicalmapgraticulemaps,topographicmaps,etc・；Two,thematicmap:trafficmap,climatemap,rivermap,etc・Geographicchart:columncharts,curvecharts,charts,piecharts,processdiagrams,etc・Four,geographicalpicture・Sincetheexamisallobjective,theexaminationofstudents，reading,analysisandmappingismainly:Usediagramstomakejudgments・Forexample,〃thereadingdiagramintheexamstatementindicatesthecharacteristicsofthegeographicallocationofthearea・""Usingthetopographicmapandterrainprofile,referstotheaboveanareatopographyandlandformcharacteristics,andtelltheterrain,topography,andrivers,climate,therelationshipbetweenhumanactivitiesandsoon."Usemapstogetgeographicalinformation.Thenewcurriculumstandardsinclude〃usingmapstosay.・・""Onthemap・・・"Askstudentstogetknowledgeonthemapinaveryimportantposition.\n3.Usethemapdisplaytolearnasaresult,thenewcurriculum〃tousetheappropriatemethodandyearsperiod,expresstheirownlearningexperience,attitudesandachievements,andcommunicatewithothers",asoneofthecourseobjectives,isalsooneofthehighlightsofgeographicalexaminationreformin2007・Accordingtotheactualsituationofourcityteaching,weaimtogetthestudentstogettheinformationfromthemap,toshowtheirownopinionsandknowledge,torealizethe，，three-dimensional，/goaLThegraphofthewarpandweft1.ThetestprobeThefocusanddifficultyofmiddleschoolgeography.Withgraticuledetermineanygeographiclocation,thegraticuletelldirectiononthegraph,determinethegeographiccoordinatesanddirectionbasedonthecharacteristicsofjingwei,jingweiisusedtocalculatethedistance,moresizeandscalesize・2.Themapreadingskills(1)firmlygraspthelongitudeandlatitude,longitudeandlatitude,conceptandcharacteristic,familiarwithafewspecialmeridian:0°and180°,20°Wand160°,120°E,E,specialparallel:23°26，,0°,30°,60°,66°34(N,S).(2)thedifferencebetweenthegridandthepolarmeridian.(3)anyofthemeridian,1°latitudeintervallengthof111km,longitude1°ontheequatoroftheintervallengthof111km.\n(1)onthewarpweftmap,thenetworkofthelongitudeandweftlinecanapproximatethesizeofthearea・Atthelatitudeandlongitudeline,thelatitudeandlongitudearethesamegrids,andthehigherthelatitude,thesmallertheactualextentofthelatitude,thelargerthescaleofthelatitude,thelargerthescaleoftheIongitudeandlatitude,andthelargerthescaleofthelatitude,thelargerthescaleofthelatitude,thelargerthescaleofthelatitude,thelargerthescaleofthelatitude,thegreaterthescaleInroughlythesamelatitude,themorelatitudeandlongitudeoftheregion,thesmallerthescale・Typicalexample:(1)thepositionofa,b,candd,asshownintherightpicture,iscorrectA.AisinthenortheastdirectionofB.BC.CislocatedinthenortherndirectionofdingReadthefollowingfourislandsandjudge2-4.(1)(2)(3)(4)(2)thelargestscaleofthescaleisA.b.b.c.c.d.d.(3)inthesouthernhemisphere,itistheearliestdayofthedayA.b.b.c.c.d.d.\n(1)thelongestlinefromthesoutherntipoftheislandtothenorthendA.b.b.c.c.d.d.2,topographicalmaps:1.ThetestprobeReferstoalinetopographicmap,thecontourmapofmountainpeaksandridges,valleys,skilledjudgefivemainterraintype,andgeographicdistancecalculation,theterrainprofilerequirementsusuallyread・Readingtechnique:First,youshouldmasterthebasiccharacteristicsofcontourcharts・Numberofproperties・Watchnumericalcontour,readasaltitude,comparetwoaltitudeconversiontemperaturedifference,withhorizontaldistancemeasuringgroundactualdistancebetweenthetwoplaces・Themorphologicalproperties.Thesurfacepresentsvariousforms,eachofwhichhascertainexternalfeatures,whichcanbeexpressedindifferentformsonthecontourmap・Forexample,ifyoulookatthedenselines,youknowthattheslopeissteep,andtheshapeofthecontourlines,Thetypeoflandscapecanbeidentified・\nSecond,youneedtomasterthebasicknowledgeofcontourlines,whichisthekeytoidentifyingcontourcurves・Forexample,thesameheightastheline,thesameheightisthesame,thedistanceissteep,the200-meterlineseparatestheplainandthelowerhills,etc・Typicalexample:(1)theequivalentheightofthefollowingfourpicturesisthesame,theslopeofthefourimagesisthecorrectoneAisequaltoBC.B,>,>,>,>,>,>b(2)readtherightpicture・Thecontourlinesinthegraphrepresentthesurfaceformofthewind・(6)Qisthemaximumrelativeheight(H)ofP・A.40