【教案】最新初中英语语法中考总复习教案—名词 10页

初中英语语法中考复习教案教学目标：名词1、名词复数的规则变化2、其它名词复数的规则变化3、名词复数的不规则变化4、不可数名词量的表示5、定语名词的复数6、不同国家的人的单复数7、名词的格教学重点：名词的复数构成和名词所有格的用法教学难点：名词在句中的成分教学过程：Step1:revision1.名词复数的规则变化情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音bag-bags/car-cars后读/z/以s,sh,ch,x加-es读/iz/bus-buses/等结尾watch-watches以ce,se,ze,等加-s读/iz/license-licenses结尾以辅音字母+y变y为i再读/z/baby---babies结尾加es2.其它名词复数的规则变化1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：twotoystheHenrysmonkey---monkeysholiday---holidays2）以o结尾的名词，变复数时：精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共10页-----------------------\na.加s，如：photo---photospiano---pianosradio---radioszoo---zoos；b.加es，如：potato--potatoestomato--tomatoesc.上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros/zeroes。3）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a.加s，如：belief---beliefsroof---roofssafe---safesgulf（海湾）---gulfs；b.去f,fe加ves，如：half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves；c.上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。3.名词复数的不规则变化1）child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是theBowmans。2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，li，jin，yuan，twoli，threemu，fourjin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers。3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数，不能说apeople，apolice，acattle，但可以说aperson，apoliceman，aheadofcattle,theEnglish，theBritish，theFrench，theChinese，theJapanese，theSwiss等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如TheChineseareindustriesandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共10页-----------------------\n为单数。b.news为不可数名词。c.theUnitedStates，theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如："TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses（眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）;apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers等。6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。4.不可数名词量的表示1）物质名词a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较：Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）Thesecakesaresweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）b.当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如：Thisfactoryproducessteel.（不可数）Weneedvarioussteels.（可数）c.当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名。Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。2）抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如：fourfreedoms四大自由thefourmodernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如aglassofwater一杯水/apieceofadvice一则建议。5.定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共10页-----------------------\n1)用复数作定语。例如：sportsmeeting运动会studentsreading-room学生阅览室talkstable谈判桌theforeignlanguagesdepartment外语系2）man,woman,gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：menworkerswomenteachersgentlemenofficials3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如：goodstrain（货车）armsproduce武器生产customspapers海关文件clothesbrush衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如：two-dozeneggs两打鸡蛋aten-milewalk十英里路two-hundredtrees两百棵树afive-yearplan.一个五年计划6.不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes7.名词的格英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共10页-----------------------\n形式称为该名词的所有格，如：ateacher'sbook。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如theboy'sbag男孩的书包，men'sroom男厕所。2）若名词已有复数词尾-s，只加"'"，如：theworkers'struggle工人的斗争。3）凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of+名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：thetitleofthesong歌的名字。4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：thebarber's理发店。5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。例如：John'sandMary'srooms（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（一间）6）复合名词或短语，'s加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：amonthortwo'sabsenceStep2:practice()1.（2009·广州）—Youlookverytiredthismorning.Whatdidyoudoyesterdayafternoon?—Idid_______Christmasshopping.A.alotofB.afewofC.anumberofD.apieceof【答案】A()2.（2009·武汉）—Whydoyougetupsoearlyinthemorning,Tracy？—Igenerallymakeita_______tobeupby7toreadEnglish.A.planB.wishC.secretD.rule【答案】D()3.（2009·武汉）—Dothedishes,Mike,orIwilltellmum!—Mindyourown_______,Sue!A.actionB.dutyC.businessD.way【答案】C()4.（2009·广州）Theletterfrommyunclewasshort.Therewasn't_______news.A.manyB.afewC.muchD.few【答案】C()5.（2009·威海）--Whydidn’tyoutakeataxibacklastnight?--BecauseIdidn’thaveany_________withme.A.foodB.bicycleC.friendD.money【答案】D()6.（2009·成都）Johnalwayssaysthathelikesapplesofallthe______.A.vegetablesB.fruitsC.drinks【答案】B()7.（2009·江西）---Youlookworried.What’syour___?---IhavetroublelearningEnglish.A.nameB.questionC.problemD.job精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共10页-----------------------\n【答案】C()8.（2009·南京）--Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?--I’mafraidwehaveno______buttotakeataxi.A.choiceB.decisionC.reasonD.information【答案】A()9.（2009·河南）Ilike_______alot,andmymotherusuallycooksitindifferentways.A.fishB.butterC.potatoesD.noodles【答案】A()10.（2009·宜昌）--Inmyopinion,Chinahasmore______todealwiththediseaseofA/H1N1.--Iquiteagreewithyou.Chinesemedicineworkswell.A.advantagesB.interestsC.equipmentsD.materials【答案】A()11.（2009·娄底）—It’ssaidthatyouhavemovedintoanewhouse.—Yeah，andweneedtobuysome_______inthemallnearby.A.foodB.furnitureC.hamburger【答案】B()12.（2009·孝感）Allthe_______teachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.A.manB.menC.womanD.women【答案】D()13.（2009·湖北孝感）Emma,whoareyoutaking_________ofathome?—Mygrandma,shegothurtinanaccident.A.placeB.partC.seatD.care【答案】D()14.（2009·山西）--HowcanIseethicksnowinmostnorthernpartsofChina?--Youhavetowaittill______comes,Steve.A.summerB.autumnC.winter【答案】C()15.（2009·山西）Let’sgetsome______abouttourismontheInternet.A.informationB.messageC.invention【答案】A()16.（2009·无锡）_____theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare_____teachers.A.Anumberof;womenB.Anumberof;womanC.Thenumberof;womenD.Thenumberof;woman【答案】C()17.（2009·绥德）Mikeandhisfriendaregoingtothe_______toseethenewactionmovietonight.A.bookshopB.restaurantC.concertD.cinema【答案】D()18.(2009.安徽)--Shallwegoshoppingnow?---Sorry.It’snottheright________.I’mtootired.A.wayB.weatherC.placeD.moment【答案】D()19.（2009.安徽）--I’mafraidIcan’tgettherebefore9o’clock.--That’sOK.There_______.’sA.nowayB.nowonderC.nodoubtD.nohurry【答案】D精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共10页-----------------------\n()20.（2009.漳州）--Whatmakesyousoupset?--IwantedtoexplainwhyIwaslate,butMr.Whitedidn’tgivemea(n)_____.A.wayB.chanceC.ideaD.excuse【答案】B()21.（2009·通化）Weneedtocomeupwitha/an______andmakeadecisionatonce.A.informationB.adviceC.ideaD.news【答案】C()22.（2009·德州）Lookattheflowers!Theyareindifferent_______:red,yellow,pink⋯A.colorsB.sizesC.pricesD.names【答案】A()23.（2009·恩施）–I’dlike______grapesandpears.–Oh,Ionlyneed______orangejuice.A.some;afewB.afew;someC.alittle;fewD.alittle;afew【答案】B()24.（2009·阜康）—Whatwouldyouliketodrink?—________,please.A.RiceB.MeatC.WaterD.Bread【答案】C()25.（2009·朝阳）--Youlookveryyoung,Mrs.Green.Couldyoutellmehowoldyouare?---Oh,sorry.It’_______.sa(n)A.problemB.instructionC.secretD.business【答案】C()26.（2009·安顺）Weshouldnoteat______meat.A.toomanyB.muchtooC.toomuchD.manytoo【答案】C()27.（2009·安顺）Idon’tunderstandthestorythoughthereare_______newwordsinit.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle【答案】A()28.（2009·安顺）Thisisnotmydictionary.It’s______.Shelentittomethismorning.A.mysisterB.mysistersC.mysister’sD.mysisters【答案】C()29.（2009·安顺）AschoolinAnshunheldanactivitycalled“推荐Recommend()BookstoYourTeachers”.Thestudentsmadea______of1,0000books!A.noteB.lineC.menuD.list【答案】D()30.（2009·莆田）--Ifeelthirsty.Iwantsomethingtodrink.Whataboutyou?--OK.Let’sgoandbuysome________.A.orangeB.breadC.chocolate【答案】A()31.（2009·莆田）Hurryup.Thereis_____timeleft.A.alittleB.littleC.few【答案】B32.(2010内江·)—Well,youlooksohappy!--BecauseI'vegotagood________.A.workB.newsC.jobD.ideas【答案】C()33.(2010上海·)Youcangetmuch_____abouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information【答案】D精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共10页-----------------------\n()34.(2010·上海)Thecustomersarepleasedwiththe________oftherestaurant.A.balanceB.experienceC.surfaceD.service【答案】D()35.(2010·晋江)–Lilyhasasilk______.Listen,sheissinginginthenextroom!--Hownice!.A.lookB.noiseC.voice【答案】C()36.（2010·通化）Weneedtocomeupwitha/an____andmakeadecisionatonce.A.informationB.adviceC.ideaD.news【答案】C()37.(2010·湖州)--Wouldyoulikesome___?--No,thankyou.I’mnothungryatall.A.waterB.booksC.clothesD.bread【答案】D()38.（2010·荆州)—Whenwillthe2010WorldExpo(世博会)cometoaclose?—It’llcloseattheendof________.A.SeptemberB.OctoberC.NovemberD.December【答案】B()39.（2010·武汉）–Whyareyoustillwaitinginline?--I’vemissedmy_______.A.placeB.orderC.turnD.time【答案】C()40.(2010·河南)Itwasveryhardformetomakea_______butJdecidedtoleavemyjob.AsuggestionBdecisionCplanDspeech【答案】B()41.（2010·黄冈）—Goodnews.Wewillhavea_____holiday.--I’veheardofit.Butit’scomingin____.A.threedays;threedays’timeB.threedays’;threedays’C.three-day;threedaysD.threedays;three-daytime【答案】C()42.（2010·聊城）—WhynotgotoQingdaoonMayDay,Jim?--I’mafraidit’snotagood________.Ihavebeenthereseveraltimes.A.wayB.placeC.adviceD.idea【答案】D()43.（2010·阜康）()MrBlackgaveus______onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.anadviceB.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.someadvices【答案】C()44.（2010·黄石）—Withwhomdidyouwatch2010WorldCupOpeningCeremony?—_________.A.AfriendofmineB.AfriendofmeC.AfriendofmysisterD.Afriendofyou【答案】A()45.（2010·荆门）Oh,mygod!Thekidsaremakingtoomuch_____here.Ican’tdoanything.A.soundB.VoiceC.NoiseD.footstep【答案】C()46.（2010·襄樊）—What’syourjob,Henry?—I’ma________,Iworklate.I’mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodimters.A.waiterB.reporterC.teacherD.nurse【答案】A()47.(2010·鸡西)－Howmany______canyouseeinthepicture?精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共10页-----------------------\n－Onlyone.A.DogB.sheepC.childD.tree【答案】B()48.（2010·定西)—What’syour?—Ilikeswimming.A.jobB.ageC.hobbyD.number【答案】C()49.(2010·定西)—Whatwouldyoulike，sir?—.A.TwopopB.TwobottlespopC.TwobottlesofpopD.Twobottleofpop【答案】C()50.（2010·莱芜）Ihavea_____forbreakfasteveryday.A.hotdogB.CookieC.dumplingD.hamburger【答案】D()51.(2010·哈尔滨)Alow-carbon(低碳)lifestylehas______effectonourdailylife.Peoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontosaving______thesedays.A.the,energiesB.a,energyC.an,energy【答案】C()52.(2010三明)—Whatafineday!Shallwegohiking,Bob?--I’dloveto.Butis’snottheright________.Iambusynow.A.placeB.momentC.weather【答案】B()53.（2010·天津）Ifyouworkhard,you’llgetgood________.A.gradesB.notesC.lessonsD.answers【答案】A()54.（2010·泰安）—Lucy,doyoulike_____?-Yes.Mostofmyclothesare______.A.anorangeanorangeB.orange,orangeC.oranges,orangesD.orange,anorange【答案】B()55.（2010·青海&宁夏)Mr.LiregardsNingxiaashissecond_______becausehehasbeenhereforovertwentyyears.A.familyB.houseC.roomD.home【答案】D()56.（2010·沈阳）I'mnotsureaboutthemeaningoftheword.You'dbetterlookitupina____.A.letterB.dictionaryC.postcardD.notice【答案】B()57.（2010·连云港）--What’sthenewsabout?--_______entertainmentstarsgatheredtoattactdonationsforYushu.A.AmemberofB.AkindofC.ApacketofD.Anumberof【答案】D()58.（2010·巴中）Whatapity!LiuXiangdidn’twinthe_____hurdles（跨栏）.A.110-meterB.110-metersC.110meterD.110meters【答案】A()59.(2010·四川)WhenIwasastudent,IlikedtositinthefrontoftheclassroomsothatIcouldseethewordsmoreclearlyonthe_______.A.blackboardB.deskC.dictionaryD.postcard【答案】A()60.（2010·东阳)Isawmany______eatinggrassonthehill.精品学习资料可选择pdf第9页，共10页-----------------------\nA.horseB.cowC.rabbitD.sheep【答案】D()61.（2010·浙江）—ThelandinthesouthwestofChinaisingreatneedof.—Yes,ithasn’trainedforalongtimethere.A.milkB.teaCcoffeeD.water【答案】D()62.（2010·台湾）ThepantsIboughtlastyeararetoosmallnow.IthinkIneedanew.A.beltB.pairC.shirtD.space【答案】B()63.（2010·台湾）Mike:IalwaysforgetwhatIwanttobuywhenIgotothemarket.Oscar:Well,youcanmakeaofthingsyouwanttobuy.A.habitB.listC.packD.wish【答案】B()64.（2010·巴中）—Whatisthe____ofthe2010WorldExpo（世博会）?—Itis“BetterCity,BetterLife”.A.songB.themeC.custom【答案】B()65.（2010·眉山）—Wouldyoulikesomedrinks,boys?—Yes,____,please.A.someorangesB.twoboxesofchocolateC.somecakesD.twoboxesofcola【答案】D()66.（2010·滨州）—CanIhelpyou?—I’dlike______formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoes【答案】DStep4:homework反思：学生对于可数名词变复数的法则和动词单三形式变化法则相混淆，对名词的双重所有格理解不到位。精品学习资料可选择pdf第10页，共10页-----------------------