被动语态中考考点复习课件. 55页

被动语态ThePassiveVoice山大二附中景玉岭\n\n\nHowtodescribethepicturesTheriverwasseriouslypolluted.\nSometreeshavebeencutdown.\nourenvironmentmustkeepclean\nTheGreatWallwasbuilt2000yearsago.theGreatWallbuild2000yearsago\n英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Heopenedthedoor.他开了门Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。Thiswatchcanberepairedbyusintwodays.语态分类\nPassivevoiceManypeopleEnglish.Englishbymanypeople.speakisspokenbe动词+及物动词的过去分词\n句式的转换Englishisspokenbymanypeople.否定句：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句：Englishisn’tspokenbymanypeople.IsEnglishspokenbymanypeople?Who/WhomisEnglishspokenby?BywhomisEnglishspoken?\n一般现在时:一般过去时:一般将来时:现在完成时:含有情态动词:am/is/are+p.pcan/may/must/should+be+p.pwill/shall+be+p.phave/has+been+p.pwas/were+p.p【考点一】下列时态的被动语态结构:\n各种时态的被动语态一般现在时：IamcalledJimmy.Footballisplayedallovertheworld.ThecarismadeinChina.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.am/is/are+过去分词\n各种时态的被动语态一般过去时：Thekitewasmadebythem.Theclotheswerewashedbymymother.Manyhouseswerewashedawayintheflood.was/were+过去分词\n一般现在时及一般过去时的被动语态1.Theywatertheflowerseverymorning.=Theflowers_____________________everymorning2.Didhebreakthewindowyesterday?=_____thewindow_______________yesterday?arewateredbythemWasbrokenbyhimPASSIVEVOICE\n各种时态的被动语态一般将来时：Theworkwillbefinishedin2days.Weshallbegivenawarmwelcome.IamgoingtobesenttoAmerica.ThepaintingisgoingtobesoldtoCanadaTreesaregoingtobeplantedbythemtomorrow.will/shallbe+过去分词am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词\n含情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+过去分词Thetreesshouldbewateredatonce.Thebookscanbekeptfor2weeks.Ourenvironmentmustbeprotectedwell.Thehomeworkmustbehandedin.\n一般将来时及情态动词的被动语态1.Wemustkeepthenoiseunder50dbs(分贝)here=Thenoisemust__________under50dbshere.2.Canyoulookupthewordinthedictionary.=_____theword________________inthedictionary.3.Theywillhandintheirhomeworkontime=Theirhomework________________________ontime.4.Thepeoplewon’tcutdownthetreesanymore=Thetrees__________________downanymore.bekeptCanbelookedupWillbehandedinwon’tbecutPASSIVEVOICE\n各种时态的被动语态现在完成时：Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem.Thehousehasbeenbuilt.Hissheephavebeenfound.Thebookshavebeenkeptsincelastweek.have/hasbeen+过去分词\n现在完成时的被动语态1.Theboyhasreturnedthebookintime=Thebook_______________________bytheboysintime.2.Havethepolicewarnedallofyoutobecarefulofthethieves=_______allofyou______________tobecarefulofthethieves.3.Wehaven’tcorrectedthemistakes.=Themistakes________________________.hasbeenreturnedHavebeenwarnedhavebeencorrectedPASSIVEVOICE（1）被动语态要与原主动语态的时态一致（2）被动语态的句式要与原主动语态一致注意：\nPracticebreakfastpreparemymotheroftenBreakfastisoftenpreparedbymymother.\nPracticebikebuymyfatherlastmonthThebikewasboughtbymyfatherlastmonth.\nPracticeroadscleanmachinesinthefuture.Theroadswillbecleanedbythemachinesinthefuture.\nPracticebikerepairLucyalreadyThebikehasbeenrepairedbyLucyalready.\nPracticedogscanlookafterTomThedogscanbelookedafterbyTom.\n【考点二】beaskedtodobetoldtodobeinvitedtodobechosentodobeencouragedtodobeallowedtodoasksb.todotellsb.todoinvitesb.todochoosesb.todoencouragesb.todoallowsb.todo主动被动sb.\n【考点三】makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowatchsb.dobemadetodobeseentodosb.beheardtodobelettodobewatchedtodo主动被动\n带复合宾语的被动语态Heisoftenseentoplaysoccer.ShewasheardtosingBeijingOperayesterday.Hemademecleantheroom.※Iwasmadetocleantheroom.Ex.①Ioftenseehimplaysoccer.※②YesterdayIheardhersingBeijingOpera.※一感（feel），二听（hear,listento），三让（let,make,have），四看（see,watch,lookat,notice）等动词后边接省略to的不定式作宾补，变为被动语态时，必须加上to。\n【考点四】givesb.sth.passsb.sth.sellsb.sth.lendsb.sth.bringsb.sth.makesb.sth.buysb.sth.begiventosb.bepassedtosb.besoldtosb.Sthbelenttosb.bebroughttosb.bemadeforsb.beboughtforsb.主动被动\nBobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend…to\nMummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydraw…forIboughtmybrotherabook.\n【考点五】lookforlookaftertakecareofhandinlaughatspeaktobelookedforbelookedafterbetakencareofbehandedinbelaughedatbespokento不要漏掉介词.Lilytookcareofthebaby.ThebabywastakencareofbyLily.主动被动小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，不能丢掉其中的__________。介词或副词\n1.write,sell,wash,cut,drive,peel等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动形式表被动。Thiskindofshirtsellswellhere.Thiskindofclothwasheswell.Thisorangepeelseasily.Thecardriveswell.主动形式表被动【考点六】\n主动形式表被动2.want,need,require等词表“需要”时，后边可跟ing形式表被动，相当于tobedone.Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.Ex:①你的头发该剪了。※②这个房间需要打扫一下。※Yourhairneedscutting/tobecut.Thisroomwantscleaning/tobecleaned.\nArticle2_popwin_radio4.某些“be+形容词+todo”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：3.连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词(如look,sound,smell,feel,taste等)可用主动表被动：Thebuildinglooksverybeautiful.这座建筑看上去很美。Hervoicesoundedquitesweet.她的声音听起来非常甜美。Thebookisdifficulttounderstand.这书很难懂。Themusicisn’tpleasanttolistento.这音乐不好听。\nArticle3_popwin_flight5.不定式用于某些动词(如have,havegot,get等)的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。Ihavesomeclothestowash.我有一些衣服要洗。MissGreenhassomeimportantletterstosend.格林小姐有一些重要的信件要寄。6.在too…todosth和…enoughtodosth这两个结构中，若句子主语与其后不定式todosth为被动关系，则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用被动式)。Theteaistoohottodrink.茶太热，不能喝。\nhave/get/makesth.done“使某事物被做”havemyhaircutgetmybikerepairedmakemyselfunderstood\n1).不及物动词没有被动语态。如：belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.不用被动语态的几种情况：\n不用被动语态的几种情况：2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fitIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．\n5).反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter不用被动语态的几种情况：4).系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。Thefishtastesgood.Thescarffeelssoft.\n()1.-Howcleanandtidyyourbedroomis！-Thankyou.It________everyday:A.cleansB.iscleanedC.iscleaningExercises:选择题:(2.5mins)()2.The29thOlympicGames__inBeijingin2008A.isheldB.willholdC.washeld()3.Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewritten   B.werewritten C.wrote()4.Ifthework__,youcangoandplayA.finishesB.isfinishedC.willbefinished()5.MrBrown’sstory_____byeveryonewhohearditA.laughedatB.waslaughedC.waslaughedat()6.Thispainting_____toamuseumin1977.A.sellsB.soldC.wassoldBCBBCC\n()7.Sheisoftenheard_________intheclassroom.A.singB.tosingC.sang()8.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish____intotheriver.A.mustn’tbethrownB.canbethrownC.can’tthrow()9.Ilikemybike.It_________verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isridden()10.—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessTom_____,too.—YoumeanifTomcomes,you’llcome.A.willinviteB.invitesC.isinvited()11.Ilikethisdress,andit____sosoftandcomfortable.A.isfeelingB.feelsC.isfelt(2mins)BAACB\n1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(变被动语态）\n3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold\n5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused\n7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished\n9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous\n10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone\nFillintheblanks:Paper(invent)_______________inA.D.105byCaiLuninChina.Itisanimportantpartofoureverydaylives,butfewpeopleeverthinkabouthowit(make)____________.Todaymostpapercomesfromtrees.However,withtheconcernfortheenvironment(考虑到环境),moreandmorepaper(produce)____________fromrecycledpaperproducts.Sincepaperproductsareofdifferentqualities,theyfirst(sort分类)____________beforethey(recycle)_____________.Thesortedmaterial(put)_____________intoahugemachine.wasinventedismadeisproducedaresortedarerecycledisput\n中考挑战\n中考被动语态考题1.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingintoit.(南京市中考题）AbestoppedtothrowBbestoppedfromthrowingCstoptothrowDstopfromthrowing2.Thisbook__often__fromthelibrary.(北京市中考题）Aaren’ttakeawayBtakenawayCisn’ttakenawayDbetakenaway3.He_________(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.(黄冈市中考题）wastold\n4.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(济南市中考题）——————anotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.变主动语态5.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.(青岛市中考题）6.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarm（上海市中考题）TTheysentupwereplantedaregrown\n7.Didyouusecomputertomaketheforeignlanguageeasytolearn?（改写句子句意不变）（济南市中考题）=____computer_____tohelpyoulearnforeignlanguage______?8.TherewerenotanytelephonecallsmadeinEnglishbetweenthetwocountriesyearsago.（改写句子句意不变）(年济南市中考题）=____________thetelephonecalls_______________inEnglish________thetwocountriesyearsago.9.Noneofthechildrenweremadetotrythenewmedicinebythedoctor.（改写句子句意不变）=Thedoctor________________ofthe____________thenewmedicine.WasusedeasilyNoneofweremadebetweendidn’tmakeanychildrentryPASSIVEVOICE\n10.这个城市已经没有旧楼了。（四川省中考题）__________theoldbuildings_____________inthiscity.11.应当建一座大桥使交通更加顺畅。Alargebridgeshould______to____thetrafficgoeasily.12.上海到处挂满国旗，庆祝世博会。TheNationalflags_______everywhereinShanghai___________theWorldExpo.（世博会）NoneofcanbeseenarehungtocelebratePASSIVEVOICEbebuiltlet\nWriting:你们学校附近有一个大图书馆，馆内有各种各样的书，请你将这个图书馆的要求向你的同学作一介绍，以便他们去那儿看书时能遵守规则。不要把包带进图书馆。2.看书时保持安静。一次可借四本书，不能将书转借给别人，4.图书馆每天早晨8:00开门，必须在下午6:00前要按时还书。离开图书馆。要求：用英文写一篇60—80词左右的短文。\nGoodbye