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第二章代词第一部分考点精讲精练英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分九种:人称代词分为主格(如:I,you,he等)和宾格(如:me,you,him)。物主代词分为形容词物主代词(如:my,his,your,)和名词性物主代词(如:mine,his,yours)指示代词常见的有四个:this这,that那,these这些,those那些反身代词如:myself我自己,himself他自己,themselves他们自己疑问代词用在特殊疑问句中。有:who,whom,whose,what,which。如:Whoisthatboy?Whatdoyoulike?不定代词如:some一些many许多both两个都,everything,everybody等关系代词引导定语从句。如:Thisistheboywhowontherace.相互代词指eachother与oneanother,意为“互相”连接代词疑问代词在引导从句时,都称为连接代词,包括who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever,一共九个。如:Itisclearenoughwhatshemeant.她是什么意思很清楚。(引导主语从句)Idon’tcarewhattheythink.他们怎么想我不管。(引导宾语从句)第1讲人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格:我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem考点1.代词做同位语如果代词和名词指代相同时,常用主格或宾格作同位语,不用物主代词。改错:OurChinesepeoplearefriendly.把our改为we,因为我们本身就是中国人。1.___studentsaretiredofdoingsomuchhomework..Wehadbettermakeitknowntoourteachers.A.OurB.WeC.UsD.Ours2.【2007湖南】Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhas________studentsdohalfoftheexerciseinclassandcompletetheother\nhalfforhomework.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours考点1.用人称代词宾格代替主格的情况①口语中作表语的人称代词一般用宾格,不用主格。Whoisit?It’sme.②在比较句型中,as和than后的主格可以用宾格代替。Iamtallerthanshe/her.Heisastallasshe/her.③but,except作“除了…”时并且位于主语之后是,后面可以跟主格也可跟宾格。Nobodybut/excepthe/himknewit.④人称代词单独出现时,常用宾格。Whorunsfaster,youorme?1.---Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.----Why____?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.A.himB.heC.ID.me2.【2009山东】-----PoorSteve!Icouldhardlyrecognizehimjustnow!------_______________.Hehaschangedsomuch.A.NevermindB.NoproblemC.NotatallD.Meneither第1讲指示代词指示代词一般指:this,that,these和those考点1.This,thatthis常指后面要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。Iwanttotellyouthis,theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.Hehurthislegyesterday.That’swhyhedidn’tcome1.【2007浙江】—Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.—Whenwas_____?—_____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It2.【2008辽宁】—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?—VictoriaStreet?__iswheretheGrandTheatreis.A.SuchB.ThereC.ThatD.This 考点2.that指代前面提到的名词,后总是伴随着限制性的后置修饰语that可以代指可数名词也可代指不可数名词。it和that都替代"the+单数名词(可数或不可数)",都是特指,但it指前面提到的"同一"事物,而that是指前面提到的"同类"事物。如:①【2001全国】TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.they B.it C.one D.which②【1999全国】Fewpleasurescanequal______ofacooldrinkonahotday.A.some B.any C.that D.those「分析」①选B,因为指的同一事物。②选C。that替代thepleasure,与前面提到的同属"快乐的事",但却是不同的事。如果前面名词是可数名词复数时,要用those而不用that。3.【2005江苏】I'mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan________inthecity.A.ones B.one C.that D.those4.Ourfurnitureismuchcheaperthan______youboughtlastyear.A.oneB.onesC.thatD.those\n1.【2008全国I】TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfrom___spokeninEngland. A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone2.【2009全国I】Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealth.A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which3.【2009江苏】Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith__oftheirparents.A.thoseB.oneC.bothD.that4.【2012浙江】StudyingWendy'smenu,Ifoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilarto______ofMcDonald's.A.thoseB.onesC.anyD.all第1讲不定代词没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词,常用的不定代词如下:all,any,another,both,each,every,either,every,few,little,many,much,no,none,neither,one,other,some以及由some,any,no,very和body,one,thing构成的复合词考点1.one不可指代不可数名词1.【2011重庆】——Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.——Whatdoyouthinkof______overthere?A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that2.Ourfurnitureismuchcheaperthan______youboughtlastyear.A.oneB.onesC.thatD.those考点2.one作同位语3.【2002全国】Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,______Iwillalwaystreasure.A.that B.one C.it D.what4.ForTimthiswasthebeginningofanewlife,____hethoughthewouldneversee.A.whatB.thatC.oneD.it5.------CanIhelpyou?------I’dliketobuyagiftformymother,____ataproperpricebutofgreatuse.A.thatB.oneC.anyoneD.everything考点3.one,it,(theone,theones)的区别在指代时,one可以替换为:a+名词,而it指特定的某一个,相当于the+名词6.【2000全国】-Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?-Didn'twejusthave________?A.it B.that C.one D.this7.【2011福建】Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it8.【1992全国】Mr.Zhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_______whohadalreadytakenthem.A.theones B.onesC.some D.theothers9.【2005江西】Carsdocauseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious____thanmobilephonesdo. A.one B.ones C.it D.those10.【2005浙江】We’vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven’tfound_________welikeyet. A.one B.ones C.it D.them 11.【2007陕西】—Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?—No,I’dratherbuyinthebookstore.A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it考点4.each,every表示“每一”时的区别①从数量上:each用于两个或两个以上的人或物,而every用于三个或三个以上的人或物。也就是说,只有两个时,必须用each,\n三个及三个以上时,用each和every都行。)Each/Everystudenthasacomputer.①从意义上:each侧重于个体,强调“每一个”,而every侧重于整体,强调“全部”。Eachstudenthasacomputer.每个学生都有台电脑。Everystudenthasacomputer.所以的学生都有台电脑②从词性上:every只能作形容词,而each可做代词和形容词和副词。Eachboyhaseatenoneapple.(each为形容词)Eachofthemhaseatenoneapple.(each为代词)Theyeachhaveeatenoneapple.(each为代词,作同位语)Theyhaveeatenoneappleeach.(each为副词)改错:①Therearemanytalltreesoneverysideoftheroad.②Everyofthestudentsinourclasshasadictionary.改为:①把every改为each,因为路只有两条边,而every用于三者及三者以上。②把Every改为Each,或在Every后加one。1.【2012上海】Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthatonehadhisnamewritteninside.A.eachB.everyC.otherD.another考点1.any,either表示“任何一个”时的区别①any表示“任何”的意思,用于三者及三者以上。Anychildcandothat.(定语)Youmaytakeanyofthem.(宾语)②either是“两者中任何一个”的意思,可修饰或代替单数可数名词。如:Herearetwopens.Youmaytakeeitherofthem.(宾语)③有时,either可以与each相互换。Therearemanytreesoneither/eachsideoftheroad.2.【2008全国】—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?—ActuallyIdidn’tlike_____. A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem 3.【2008上海】Doyouwantteaorcoffee?____,Ireallydon’tmind. A.noneB.neitherC.eitherD.or 4.【2009陕西】Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswer_____ofthem.A.otherB.anyC.noneD.some5.【2010重庆】Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound_______ofthemagain.A.neitherB.eitherC.eachD.all考点2.neither,both与all;none,(both与all表示部分否定)①both用于否定句,表示部分否定;表示完全否定时,用neither。如:Bothofusarenotteachers.我们俩并不都是教师。Neitherofusisateacher.我们俩都不是教师。②all用于否定句,表示部分否定,完全否定用none。如:Notalltheantsgooutforfood.(or:Alltheantsdon’tgooutforfood.)并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。Noneofthemoneyismine.这钱一分也不是我的。③另外,neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思,可以做形容词,修饰或代替单数可数名词,它所修饰的名词用单数形式,后面的谓语也用单数形式。如NeitherboyknowsFrench.6.【1998全国】—CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I’mafraid____dayispossible.A.eitherB.neitherC.someD.any7.【2006浙江】Ifyoucan’tdecidewhichofthetwobookstoborrow,whydon’tyoutake______?Iwon’treadthemthisweek. A.all B.any C.either D.both8.____ofthemdonotdrinkwine.Abottlewillbeenough.A.NoB.NoneC.AllD.Everyone9.【2012全国新课标】LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.A.eitherB.anyC.neitherD.none10.【2012重庆】—John,whenshallwemeetagain,ThursdayorFriday?—___________.I’llbeofftoLondonthen.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None\n考点1.none,noone,nobody的区别①noone,nobody只指人,nothing指没有什么事物,none兼指人和物。②用作主语时,noone、nobody后的谓语动词一般用单数,按传统语法,两者之后均不能接of短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。None后可跟of短语。如:Noone(Nobody)knows.谁也不知道。Noone(Nobody)likesit.没人喜欢它。③none往往暗示有一定的范围(这种范围通常就表现在其后的of短语上),着眼于数量概念,"特指的人或物一个也没有,一点儿也没有"。而noone或nobody则不暗示这种范围,即指“谁都没有。体会下面的两组对话:A:Didanyofyourfriendscometoseeyou?你的朋友当中有谁来看过你吗?B:None.一个也没来。A:Didanyonecometoseeyou?有人来看过你吗?B:Noone(Nobody).谁也没来④在回答howmany或howmuch的提问时,通常用none,而在回答who的提问时,通常用noone或nobody。体会:A:HowmanyEnglishbookshaveyouread?你读过多少本英文书?B:None.一本也没读。A:Howmuchmoneydidyougiveher?你给了她多少钱?B:None.一分也没给。A:Whowenttoseethefilm?谁去看电影了?B:Noone【Nobody】.谁也没去。 1.------Howmanyelephantsdidyousee?------____.A.NoneB.NooneC.NothingD.Notmany2.–Whowasinthebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout?–____.A.NoneB.NooneC.NotanyoneD.Notanybody.3.【2008浙江】–I’dlikesomemorecheese.–Sorry,there’s______left.A.someB.noneC.alittleD.few 4.【2009上海】–Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.--But_____ofthemareinfashionnow.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none5.【2012江西】Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutwasavailablefromthatshop.A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither6.------Didyouhaveanytroublewiththecustomers?------____tospeakof.A.NoneB.NeitherC.NothingD.No考点2.another,other,others,theother,theothers,therest①“theother+名词复数”(或用theothers)表示“其余的全部……”;“other+复数名词(或用others)泛指“其他的(别的)人或物”(并不有意强调全部)。如:Fiveofthepencilsarered,theothers(theotherpens)areyellow.Somearesinging,andothersaredancing.(others泛指其余的,指其余的绝大部分。暗示可能有极少数既没唱歌也没跳舞。如果用theothers则只剩余的全部,表示其余的无一例外都在跳舞。)some…,some…,some…,others…,意为“一些……一些……一些”。②theother强调剩下的这一个,此时只有一个;常出现在one…theother中,用于两者之间。如:Hegottwobooks;oneis atextbook,theotherisanovel.也可用于其它表示“只剩下这一个”的情况。如:Therewerethreeboysintheclassroom.OneisTom,anotherisJohn,andtheotherisKen.another修饰或代替单数可数名词,用于“三个或三个以上”,指代剩下的两个或两个以上中的一个。Thiscoatistoodark.Pleaseshowmeanother.(宾语,外衣总数为为三件及三件以上。除去这个外衣之外,剩下的起码有两件;如果只剩一件的话,就要用theother。)one…another/asecond…athird…theother…常用语列举,意为“一个……一个……一个……一个”用于三者或三者以上的排列。③another还可表示“再,又”。(参看:P错误!未定义书签。manymore+名词,muchmore+名词,与another)④therest既可代替可数名词,也可代替不可数名词,而another,other,others,theother(s)只能代替可数名词。⑤else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后。如:Didyouseeanybodyelse?你还看见别的人吗?Whoelsewasattheparty?聚会上还有谁⑥eachother,oneanother(相互),按传统语法,each\nother指两者;而oneanother指三者或三者以上。但在现代英语中,两者常可互换。如:Youshouldhelpeachother[oneanother].你们应该互相帮助。Weknoweachother’s[oneanother’s]weakpoints.我们都彼此了解对方的缺点。①oneafteranother(一个接一个),如:I'mnotsurprisedhe'sfeelingill-hewaseatingoneice-creamafteranother!②“anyother+单数名词”(别的/其他的任何一个)ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.③onewayoranother以某种方式;无论如何。Everyoneatthepartywasrelated(in)onewayoranother.Thesebillshavetobepaidonewayoranother.1.【2011陕西】-Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?-____one?A.OtherB.EveryC.AnotherD.More2.【2000全国】Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou’llhavetopay_____$15.A.another B.other C.more D.each3.【2010安徽】Youaretheteamstar!Workingwith________isreallyyourcupoftea.A.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother4.【2009重庆】Overthepast20years,theInternethelpedchangeourworldin_____wayoranotherforthebetter.A.anyB.oneC.everyD.either5.【2010全国1】I'llspendhalfofmyholidaypracticingEnglishand________halflearningdrawing.A.anotherB.theotherC.other’sD.other.6.【2005上海】Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof___.A.others B.theother C.either D.another7.Ihavedonemuchofthework.Couldyoupleasefinish________intwodays?A.therestB.theotherC.anotherD.theothers考点1.something,everything,nothing,anything①something意为“重要的人物”,相当于somebody。Shethinksshe’ssomethingsinceshewonthebeautycontest.选美比赛得了奖,她就自以为了不起了。Sheactsasifsheweresomethingsinceshewontheprize.自从获奖以来她就表现得自命不凡了。联系:Hethinksheissomebodybutheisnobody.他自以为了不起,实际他一文不名。②something还可表示“重要的事物”。Thesepaintingswerereallysomething.这些画确实出色。Ithinkyoumayhavesomethingthere.我认为在那方面你可能是有道理的。③somethingofa(an)+n表示“可以说是一个……”的意思。Dr.Jamesisascholarandsomethingofaphilosopher.詹姆斯博士是个学者,也可以说是个不错的哲学家。联系:Heisn’tmuchofacook8.【2008山东】Makesureyou’vegotthepassportsandticketsand_____beforeyouleave. A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing9.【2007重庆】Jimsoldmostofhisthings.Hehashardly_______leftinthehouse.A.anythingB.everythingC.nothingD.something10.____ofuscandoeverything,butallofuscando____.A.None,somethingB.Some,everythingC.Few,somethingD.Few,nothing11.【2011湖南】Iknowthat_____wouldeverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing12.【2011四川】Thereis_____inhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything考点2.anyone,someone,和everyone13.【2005全国1】Wehaven’tenoughbooksfor ___;someofyouwillhavetoshare.A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody14.【2005湖北】First,itisimportanttorecognizewhatkindofpersonyouareandwhichspecialqualities\nmakeyoudifferentfrom_____.A.everyoneelse B.theother C.someoneelse D.therest1.【2005安徽】Idon’tthinkwe’vemetbefore.You’retakingmefor______.A.someother B.someoneelse C.otherperson D.oneother2.【2007上海】Themayorhasofferedarewardof$5000to___whocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A.bothB.othersC.anyone考点1.everyone与everyoneeveryone是一个词,只用来指人,等于everybody,在它后面不能跟介词of;everyone是两个词,既可用来指人,也可用来指物,等于eachone,后面可跟介词of。请看以下例句:①Everyoneofthechildrenlikesthisgame.(误)每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。Everyoneofthechildrenlikesthisgame.(正)②Everyone/EverybodyinourclassisinterestedinlearningEnglish.我们班上每个人都爱学英语。(Everyone用作主语)③Noteveryone(everybody)intheUSAisrich.在美国并不是人人都富裕。(everyone用作主语)【链接】everyday日常的,everyday每天HereciteseverydayEnglisheveryday.他每天被日常英语。3._____likesbeingpraised._____ofthemespeciallylikesbeingpraised.A.Everyone,EveryoneB.Everyone,EveryoneC.Everyone,EveryoneD.Everyone,Everyone考点2.everybody/something等人称代词替代问题anyone/anybody/somebody/everybody①指个体时,谓语动词用单数:Hasanyoneadictionaryhecanlendme?.Everyoneinourclassgoesinforsports.②指“全部、无一例外”时,anyone/anybody在附加问句中,则其主语用复数代词表示此意:Anybodycanenterfortherace,can’tthey?Everyoneinourclassgoesinforsports,don’tthey?③在口语中,特别是对话中,为避免明确指出所指对象的性别,Everybodywaswearingtheirshorts.Itoldeveryonetorunasfastastheycan.something,everything谓语动词用单数(包括在反意问句的陈述和疑问部分中):Everythinghasgonewrongtoday,hasn’tit?第1讲反身代词反身代词指:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves表示单数的反身代词以self结尾;表示复数的反身代词以selves结尾;第一人称和第二人称前面用的是物主代词;第三人称前面用的是代词宾格。反身代词有两种用法:反射,强调①反射:反身代词指代主语,与指代的名词或代词形成互指关系。反身代词和人称代词作宾语时具有不同的含义。如:Hesawhimselfinthemirror.他在镜子里看见了他自己。(himself,he为同一人)Hesawhiminthemirror.他在镜子里看见了他。(him显然指另外一人)因此当宾语和主语指代同一人时,要用反身代词,不能用人称代词。Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.我们昨晚玩得很开心。Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.请你随便吃点鱼。Icouldnotdress(myself)upatthattime.那个时候我不能打扮我自己。Sheseatedherselfbythewindow.她拣了窗边的一个座位坐下来。\nIliketotravelbymyself.Iamnotmyselftoday.我今天不舒服。Shewasbesideherselfwithgrief.她悲伤过度,神经失常了。Behaveyourself,children.孩子们,规矩点。Thegirlfelloffherbikeandhurtherself.女孩从自行车上摔下来,受了伤。②强调:常做同位语Imyselfheardhimsaysoyesterday.我昨天亲自听他这么说的。Shediditherself.(=Sheherselfdidit.)她自己做的。Thestoryitselfisnotinteresting.故事本身并不令人感到有趣1.【2010上海】Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon_________. A.themselves B.them C.us D.ourselves2.【2006福建】.---WhocalledmethismorningwhenIwasnotin? ----Amancalling______Robert. A.his B.himself C.his D.不填 3.【2007上海春】Treattoaglassofwinetohelpyourelaxattheendoftheday.A.oneB.oneselfC.youD.yourself4.【2008江西】Isn’titamazinghowthehumanbodyheals____afteraninjury?A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it 5.【2008湖南】Ourneighborsgave_____ababybirdyesterdaythathurt______whenitfellfromitsnest. A.us,itB.us,itselfC.ourselves,itselfD.ourselves,it 6.【2011安徽】Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_____almostanovercoatforher.A.themB.herC.itselfD.herself第1讲it的其它用法考点1.it做形式主语或宾语,代指后面的不定式或动名词或句子1.【2010全国2】Thedoctorthought________wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it2.Whydon’tyoubring____tohisattentionthatnowstudentsarebearingtooheavylearningload?A.itB.thisC.thatD.what3.Youmaydependon_______thathewillturnupintime.A.it B.me C.which D.them4.【2011山东】Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind___difficulttotellonefromtheother.A.itB.themC.herD.that5.【2011天津】Wefeel______ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one6.—Idon’tknowwhetherIshouldgoabroadornot,Mum.—Ileave_______toyourownjudgmentwhetheryoushoulddoit.A.that B.it C.this D.what7.【2007全国II】___feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That8.【2012陕西】Nomatterwhereheis,hemakes_____aruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.A.himBthisC.thatD.it9.Willyouseeto____thattheluggageisbroughtback?A.meB.yourselfC.itD.them考点2.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等①It’shalfanhour’swalkfromheretoourschool.(指距离)\n②It‘sniceandwarmhere.(指天气、气候)③Butit'stwoo'clocknow,andit'stimeforustogotoschool.(指时间)1.Theyliveonabusymainroad.____mustbeverynoisy.A.ThereB.ItC.ThatD.They考点1.不知性别是婴儿常用it2.Maryisexpectinganotherbabyandhopes____willbeaboy.A.heB.thatC.itD.there考点2.it用以指身份不明的人it用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人,则不宜用it。试比较:①Mr.Smithisatthedoor.___wantstoseeyou.②Someoneisatthedoor.___mustbeMr.Smith.A.He B.It C.This D.That答案:①He②B3.------Who’sthat?------____ProfessorLi.A.ItsB.It’sC.He’sD.This’s4.------Whoknockedonthedoor?-----I’venoidea.Ijustpretendednobodywasathome,soIdidn’taskwho_______was.A.he B.that C.she D.it考点3.强调句型5.------Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?------____thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare6.Whowas____thatcalledhim“comrade”?A.herB.thatC.itD.one考点4.Ilikeitwhen…在通常情况下,like是及物动词,其后应有宾语(句中it即为其宾语)。句中的when从句不是宾语从句,而是时间状语从句,其中的when的意思是“当……的时候”。其实,也有的词典将Idon’tlikeitwhen(if)…作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多,主要的有enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等表示喜好的动词。Shewon’tlikeitifyouarrivelate.她不喜欢你迟到。Hehatesitwhenpeopleusehisbike.他讨厌别人用他的自行车。7.--Haveyougotusedtoyourschoollifehere?--Yes,butIdon’tlike__whenwehavetodoexercisesoncoldwintermorningA.thatB.itC.thoseD.this8.Idislike_______whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorthinkpoorlyofmebehind.A.that B.those C.it D.them9.I’dprefer___ifIdidn’thavetogetupearlyonSundays.A.that B.such C.it D.which10.【1998全国】Ihate___whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.this B.that C.it D.you11.【2006山东】I’dappreciate____ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer. A.that B.it C.this D.you12.【2004全国I】Ilike_____intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one13.-Doyoulike____here?--Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it考点5.Ican’thelpit/canhelpit/can’thelpdoing/can’thelpbutdocan'thelpdoing=can’thelpbutdo的:无法控制、忍不住做某事、不能停止做某事Shetalkedtoomuch;shecouldn’thelpit/herself.Hefailedintheexaminationandcouldn’thelpfeelingsad.他考试没通过,不由得不感到难过。Youcan'thelpbutrespectthem.你不能不尊敬他们。Suedoesn’talwaysmeantobesorudebutsometimesshejustcan'thelpherself.Ialwaysgetangrywithhim.Ijustcan'thelpit.can’thelp“不能制止,不能控制”;那么canhelp就是“能制止,能控制住”【2006全国I】IfIcanhelp_______,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.so B.that C.it D.them本句的意思为“要是我能制止得住的话,我也不愿意工作到深夜”。又如:Ican’thelpitifhedoesn’tcome.\n如果他不来,我也没办法。Wecan’thelpitthatthingswentbadly.没有办法,事情进展得不顺利。1.【2006全国I】IfIcanhelp_______,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.so B.that C.it D.them2.【2005全国1】—Ohdear!I’vejustbrokenawindow.—____.Itcan’tbehelped.A.NevermindB.AllrightC.that’sfineD.Notatall考点1.makeit的用法①表示事业获得成功Youwillmakeitifyoutry.你会成功的,如果你努力的话。He’sneverreallymadeitasanactor.他当演员从未有所成就。②表示某人做成某事Youneedn’tworry;hewillmakeit.你不必担心,他会办成的。Ithoughthewouldbetoooldtogettothetopofthemountain,buthemadeitatlast.我原以为他年纪大爬不到山顶,但最后他还是爬上去了。③表示设法做到某事I’vebeenhavingviolinlessonseverytwoweeks,butIthinkI’llmakeiteveryweekfromnowon.我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课,但是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。④表示及时抵达某地Wearetoolate;Idon’tthinkwecanmakeit.我们太迟了,我想我们难以准时赶到了。Thetrainwon’tleaveforanothertenminutes,soIthinkwecanmakeit.离开车还有10分钟,我想我们能赶得上。⑤表示约定时间“Shallwemakeitnextweek?”“OK,let’smakeitnextweek.”“下个星期可以吗?”“好的,咱们就定在下个星期吧。”Let’smakeitat8:30.Isthatallrightforyou?我们约定在8点半吧,这对你合适吗?⑥表示病情好转Thedoctorknewthatthepatientwasunlikelytomakeit.医生知道那个病人没什么希望了。3.【2012全国Ⅱ】Sarahmade___totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.A.herselfB.thisC.thatD.it写作专练1.使用好代词,写正确优美句子(P10)第二部分专题过关测试1.【2007湖南】Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhas________studentsdohalfoftheexerciseinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforhomework.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours2.【2007浙江】—Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.—Whenwas_____?—_____wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A.that;ThisB.this;ItC.it;ThisD.that;It\n1.Foranumberofpupils,theirteacher’sadviceismoreimportantthan____oftheirparents’.A.oneB.thatC.whichD.what2.Lifeinthecityisdifferentfrom____inthecountry.A.thatB.oneC.theonesD.which3.------Mum,haveyouseenmymobilephone?------____youboughtlastweek?I’mafraidIhaven’tseen____.A.Theone;itB.Theone;oneC.One;itD.One;on4.ForTimthiswasthebeginningofanewlife,____hethoughthewouldneversee.A.whatB.thatC.oneD.it5.------Excuseme,butcanyoutellmewhichroadIshouldtaketothepostoffice?------____ofthefourroadswilldo.A.AnyB.EitherC.BothD.Every 6.------CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?------I’mafraid____dayispossible.A.neitherB.eitherC.someD.any7.【2011辽宁】-Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?-______,thankyou.I'vejusthadsomewater.A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither8.【2008福建】–Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates? –Mostofthemarekind,but__issogoodtomeasBruce. A.noneB.nooneC.everyoneD.someone9.Shanghaiisreallyafascinatingcityandwe’vedecidedtostayfor___twoweeks.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.theother10.【2010全国2】Neithersideispreparedtotalktounlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem.A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.oneother11.SomeofthewheatisfromCanada.Whatabout________?A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.therest12.【2005重庆】—Victorcertainlycarestoomuchabouthimself.—Yes.He’sneverinterestedinwhat______isdoing.A.nooneelse B.anyoneelse C.someoneelse D.nobodyelse13.【2008上海春】Manyfast-growingcountriesarelessconcernedwithprotecting___againstclimatechange. A.oneB.oneselfC.themD.themselves14.【2007天津】Hedidn’tmake________clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these15.【2006湖南】AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown. A.this B.that C.one D.it 16.------Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?------____thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare17.Ihate_______ifpeoplesaysuchthingsinpublic.A.that B.those C.it D.them18.Willyouseeto_______thatmychildrenaretakengoodcareofwhileIamaway?A.it B.me C.yourself D.them第三部分写作能力提升写作专练1.使用好代词,写出正确优美句子(参看P错误!未定义书签。Error!Referencesourcenotfound.)1.在我看来,我们学生应当遵守学校制度,做学校让我们做的事情。(obeytheregulations,whatever)2.在冬季,北京的天气比广州的天气冷得多。(theweatherofBeijing)3.张老师是一位非常受人尊重的老师,一位我们余生都不会忘记的老师。(amostrespected,one,fortherestofourlives.4.每个人都应关心环境。我们中的每一个人都应当为保护环境做出贡献。(everyone,careabout,theenvironment,everyone,makeacontributionto)5.一些人赞成这个主意。不过,另外一些人强烈反对。(some,infavorof,however,stronglyagainst)\n1.你尽可放心,他明天会按时来的,因为他是世界上最值得信赖的人。(dependonit,turnup,reliable)2.到家我才意识到我把那本书遗忘在那里了。你负责把那本书尽早寄过来好吗?(Notuntil,seetoit,sendback,assoonaspossible)3.我非常喜欢这里,因为这里风景优美,空气清新。(like,scenery,fantastic,theair,refreshing)4.站在山顶,看着这些巨大的岩石,你会情不自禁地想知道它们是如何形成的。(giganticrocks,can’helpbutwonder,comeintobeing)5.相信你自己,尽自己最大努力,你迟早会成功的。(believein,makeit)