2018年高考英语天津卷英语高考真题 12页

2018天津卷英语高考真题2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试本试卷分为第1卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结朿后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回祝各位考生考试顺利！第I卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例:Standoverthereyou'llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是Bo1.—Wasn'tJoansupposedtobeherebynow?—•Shewillbehereinabouttwentyminutes・A.AllrightB.DorVtworryC.NowonderD.Enjoyyourself2.Kate,sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.\nA.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her1.AtfirstRobertwouldrVtlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyheasshewassoconfidentaboutherskills・A.gaveinB.dressedupC.brokeinD.turnedup2.Let'snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendtheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.A.eversinceB・asifC.eventhoughD・sothat3.—KmmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp.—•Justletmeknowwhen,andI'llbethere・A.YoubetB.ItdependsC.ForgetitD.Nokidding4.Thethatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.adviceB・orderC.possibilityD.invitation7.1needanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph・A.takingB.takenC・beingtakenD・take8.Ittookhimalongtimetotheskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.A.displayB・acquireC・teachD・test9.Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowinsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace・A.whomeverB.whereverC.whoeverD.whatever10.1can'tfindmypurse.Iitinthesupermarketyesterday,butKmnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.musthaveleftC・mightleaveD・couldhaveleft11.Bobthoughthecouldrftgotothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthewent\nA.atfirstB.afterallC.aboveallD.atrandom11.Ididn'tmeananythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelpit.A.toeat;totryB.eating;tryingC.eating;totryD.toeat;trying12.Mywashingmachinethisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.A.wasrepairedB.isrepairedC・isbeingrepairedD・hasbeenrepaired13.ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.A.whichB.thatC.whenD・where14.Ifwetheflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.A.hadcaughtB・caughtC.havecaughtD.wouldcatch第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Nooneisbornawinner.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown16•Ilearnedthislessonfroma(n)17manyyearsago.Itookthehead18jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia・Itwasasmallschoolwithaweakfootballprogram・Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe19teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto20thegame・Beingthecoachofthenewteam,IwasexcitedbecauseIknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated・IcouldrVt21Ihadgotintosuchasituation.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto22thatmyteammightnotbethenumberoneteaminGeorgia,buttheywere23me.Ihadtochangemy24abouttheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle25・Mostimportant,Ibegan\ntotreatthemlike26•Thatsummer,Whentheotherteamsenjoyedtheir27,wemeteverydayand28passingandkickingthefootball・Sixmonthsaftersufferingour29onthespringpracticefield,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto30•Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminthestate・Ifeltthatitwouldbea31forusevenifwelostthegame・Butthatwasn'twhathappened.MyboysbeatthebestteaminGeorgia,givingmeoneofthegreatest32ofmylife!FromtheexperieneeIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan33themembersofateam・Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand34them・丨helpedthemtoseethemselves35,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners・Winnersaremade,butborn.16.A.luckB.testsC.effortsD.nature17.A.experimentB.experieneeC.visitD.show18.A.operatingB.editingC.consultingD.coaching19.A.successfulB.excellentC.strongD.new20.A.cheerforB.prepareforC.helpwithD.finishwith21.A.believeB.agreeC.describeD.regret22.A.realizeB.claimC.permitD.demand23.A.reactingtoB・lookingforC.dependingonD.caringabout24.A.decisionB.attitudeC.conclusionD.intention25.A.prideB.cultureC.fortuneD.relationship26.A.1eadersB.partnersC.winnersD.learners27.A.rewardsB.vacationsC.healthD.honor28.A.riskedB.missedC・consideredD.practiced29.A.defeatB.declineC.accidentD.mistake30.A.relaxB.improveC.expandD.defend31.A.shameB.burdenC.victoryD.favor32.A.chancesB.thrillsC.concernsD.offers33.A.surpriseB.serveC.interestD.affect34.A.encouragedB.observedC.protectedD.impressed\n35.A.honestlyB.individuallyC.calmlyD.differently第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2・5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFirePreventionInformationTheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals.Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler（喷水灭火装置）systems,firealarms,andfireextinguishers（灭"〈器）・Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsonfiresafetyintheresideneehalls・Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom・FireAlarmsThefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual（于•动白勺）firealarmsystemswhichineludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes・Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers・Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith（胡舌L摆弄）thesesystems.Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment.FireDrillsAfiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresideneehalleverysemester.Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing:•TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom.•Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit;donotusealift.•Meetoutsideofyourresideneehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions.FireExtinguishersFireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment・Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso.Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty.Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines.SmokeDetectorsAsmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom.Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector:•Ifyoursmoke\ndetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon.Iftheredlightisnotblinking（闪动）'contactresideneehallstaffimmediately.•Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway.•Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.36・Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents・B.Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits.C・Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D・Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals・37・Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinelude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C・Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D・Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations.38.Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould.A.rushquicklytoaliftB.gatheratthenearestexitC.shutthedoorandleaveatonceD.waitforinstructionsinthehall39.Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment・B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem・C.Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment.D.Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden.40.Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould.A.contactthehallstaffregularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC.startthesmokedetectorinafireD.makecertaintheredlightisworking\nBWhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,HDoyouhavetheaddress?,,HNo,butI'llrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.""Oh,stop.Thereitis!"Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus.HMayIhelpyou?11amanasked."No,"Isaid・”We"refine."Tourguidesgotonmynerves.WhatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouwererVtthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs・Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（爱窥探白勺）'keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme.HWheredoyouthinkyouare?Hheasked・Iturnedsharply・HTheMcNayArtMuseum!'1Hesmiled,shakinghishead.,,Sorry/theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.H"What'sthisplace?"Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted（震颤）.Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,"Sally!Comedownimmediately!”"There'ssomereallygoodstuffy艺术作品）upthere.11Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor;wavingatthefamily,saying,nSorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace.HOutside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldrftbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater;awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace."Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidenee,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?H“Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone."HThatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat・l〃vealwayswantedtothankyouJ'38.WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?A.Shewasapainter.B.Shewasacommunityleader.C.Shewasamuseumdirector.\nA.Shewasajournalist.38.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?A.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers・C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shemistookhimforatourguide・39.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A.Puzzled・B.Concerned.C.Frightened.D・Delighted.44・WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?A.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.B.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.C.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse・D.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.45.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily・C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem・D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.cThere'sanewfrontierin3Dprintingthat'sbeginningtocomeintofocus:food.Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale・Andtheindustryisr/tstoppingthere・FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake・Noteverybodycandothat——ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy・ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito"re-createformsandpieces"offoodthatare"exactlythesame/freeingcookstocompleteothertasks・Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable・\nSustainability（可持续性）Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids（/X解胶体）fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae（藻类）andgrasstoreplacethefamiliarjngredients（，烹饪原$4）.3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,"Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday'sbreadfromthesupermarket,you'deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand."ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome・Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste（糊状物）beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycomplexways・Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.45.Whatbenefitdoes3Dprintingbringtofoodproduction?A.Ithelpscookstocreatenewdishes.B.Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.C.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.D.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.46.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3?A.Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily・B.Itquickensthetransportationoffood・C.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.\nA.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.45.AccordingtoParagraph4,3D-printedfood.A.ismoreavailabletoconsumersB.canmeetindividualnutritionalneedsC.ismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketsD.cankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterials46.Whatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?A.Theprintingprocessiscomplicated.B.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive・C.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.D.Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.47.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.3DFoodPrinting:DeliciousNewTechnologyB.ANewWaytoImprove3DFoodPrintingC.TheChallengesfor3DFoodProductionD.3DFoodPrinting:FromFarmtoTableDGiveyourselfatest:.Whichwayisthewindblowing?Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults・Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb（麻木的）tonewstimulation（刺激）,newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs・Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.\nAnotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession（痴迷）manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,aMruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.Thepressuresof"time"and^destination11arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark・1（seldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dseen.”Oh，afewbirds/*theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.45.AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore・A.anxioustodowondersB.sensitivetoothers9feelingsC・likelytodevelopunpleasanthabitsD.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem46.WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.C・Tofollowthetcachcr^sadvice・D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.47.Thebirdwatchers5behaviorshowsthatthey・A.areverypatientintheirobservationB.arereallyfascinatedbynatureC.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirdsD.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides48.Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?A.Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.\nC・Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforlhem.D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.45.Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshouldA.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworldB.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylifeC・openourmindtonewthingsandideasD.tryourbesttoprotectnature