高考专题汇总：2015核动力高考总复习书-英语 23页

话题之十三　竞选活动(2013·天津卷)假设你是某大学的学生李津。你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动。你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。◇个人优势介绍(如性格、特长等)；◇组织校内活动的设想(如举办讲座、英语晚会等)；◇组织校际交流活动的设想(如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等)；◇表达当选的愿望。注意：1.词数不少于100；2．请勿提及真实学校名称；3．可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；4．开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：副主席vicepresident　竞选runforGoodafternoon,mydearfriends.MynameisLiJin.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou.【高分范文】Good_afternoon,_my_dear_friends.My_name_is_Li_Jin.TodayIamverygladtohavethechancetorunforthevicepresidentoftheEnglishClub.ConcerningthepositionofvicepresidentoftheEnglishClub,Ifeelqualifiedtotakethejob.First,Ihavegainedalotofexperienceandreceivedwidepraisefrommyclassmatesformyjobasmonitor.Second,Iamawarm－heartedboyandalwaysreadytohelpothers.Third,IamgoodatorganizingactivitiesandhaveheldanumberofEnglishcornersanddiscussions.Lookingintothefuture,IwilltrymybesttoassistthepresidentandservemyfellowstudentsifIamluckyenoughtobethevicepresident.Myplanisasfollows:ontheonehand,Iwillorganizesomecampusactivities,like“EnglishEvening”，aplatformwherestudentscanshowtheirEnglish.Inthisprocess,wecanstilllearnfromeachother.AndIwillinvitesomefamousprofessorstogivelecturesforourstudentssothatwecanacquirealotofknowledge.Ontheotherhand,Iwillorganizemoreactivitiestoenhancetheinterschoolcommunication.Wecancompetewithstudentsfromotheruniversitiesindebatecontestsorspeechcontests.Moreover,Iwillopenmorechannelsforyoutovoiceyouropinionsandneed.\nIsincerelyhopeyouwillgivemeachance,andpleasebelievemethatIwillbeagoodvicepresident.Thank_you.【范文点评】　这是一篇感情真挚、热情洋溢的演讲稿，文中大量运用各种句型，不但准确流畅地表达出题目中所提供的信息，而且体现出作者熟练运用英语的能力以及不俗的文采。1．使用了很多高级词汇和短语，如havethechancetodo，runfor,bequalifiedtodo,competewith，ontheonehand,ontheotherhand,moreover等等。2．使用了现在分词做状语的句子。Lookingintothefuture,IwilltrymybesttoassistthepresidentandservemyfellowstudentsifIamluckyenoughtobethevicepresident.3．使用了目的状语从句。AndIwillinvitesomefamousprofessorstogivelecturesforourstudentssothatwecanacquirealotofknowledge.句式仿写：为了能给妈妈在母亲节买礼物，小男孩把每一枚硬币都攒了下来。________________________________________________________________________【答案】　ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.Ⅰ.高频单词1．gainv．获得；赢得→gainfuladj.有收益的，有报酬的2．concentratev．集中(思想、注意力等)；全神贯注→concentrationn．专心，专注3．strengthn．长处，优势，力气→strengthenv．使坚强，加强4．associatevt.联想，联系→associationn．联想；协会5．giftedadj.有天赋的＝talentedadj.有天赋的→gift/talentn．天分，天赋6．descriptionn．描述，形容→describev．描述7．predictvt.预言，预测→predictionn．预测8．expressionn．表情；表达能力，用词→expressv．表达，表示9．deservevt.应得，值得→deservedadj.应得的，当然的→deservedlyadv.应得报酬地，当然地→deservingadj.应受支持的，值得帮助的10．failuren．失败→failv．使失望；失败，没有通过(考试)11．accusevt.控告，谴责→accusedadj.被指责的，被控告的→accusationn．控告，告发，指责12．independentadj.独立的→dependentadj.依靠的→dependv．依靠，依赖13．desiren．&v．渴望，期望→desirableadj.渴望的14．satisfactionn．满意，满足→satisfyv．使满意，满足→satisfyingadj.令人满意的15．confirmv．证实→confirmationn．证实；确认书，证明书16．requirementn．要求→requirev．需要，要求17．aboardprep.在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上→boardv．上(船等)n．木板→abroadadv.在(到)国外→broadadj.宽的，广阔的18．accountn．账目；理由；报道→accountv．认为，说明→accountantn．会计19．bleedvi.流血→bloodn．血\n20．devotevt.献身于，专心致志于→devotionn．奉献21．judgen．&v．法官，审判员；断定，认为→judgementn．判断力，识别力Ⅱ.重点短语1．talk_sb.into_doing_sth.　　　劝服某人做某事2．draw_up起草3．concentrate_on集中于；专心于4．end_up结果为……，以……结束(尤指意料之外的)5．in_terms_of就某事来说，从某个角度上看6．be_willing_to_do_sth.愿意做某事7．deal_with处理，应付8．be_patient_with_sb.耐心对待某人9．tell_sb.off斥责或责备某人10．glare_at怒视11．come/spring_to_mind突然想到，猛然想到12．to_be_honest说实话13．can’t_help_doing_sth.禁不住要做某事,Ⅲ.常用句型1．Supposeyouareagroupleader.假设你是组长。【要点提炼】　suppose“假定，假设”，在此为连词，引导条件状语从句，相当于if。也可用supposing。2．If_necessary，lookthemupinadictionary.如果有必要的话，就在词典中查一下它们．【要点提炼】　Ifnecessany＝Ifitisnecessary.3．Supported_by_his_academic_research，ProfessorSaloveysuggestedthatwhenpredictingsomeone’sfuturesuccess，theircharacter，asmeasuredbyEQtest，mightactuallymattermorethantheirIQ.【要点提炼】　supportedbyhisacademicresearch为过去分词短语在句子中作原因状语。其逻辑主句通常是句子的主语。4．...There_is_little_doubt_thatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeople...……几乎毫无疑问，低情商的人在与人相处方面常有困难……【要点提炼】　thereislittledoubtthat...【句式仿写】1．____________IsayIloveyou,willyoubelieveme?假如我说：喜欢你，你相信吗？【答案】　Supposing/Suppose2．Theythinkshemaytrytophone._____，someonemuststayhere.　他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。【答案】　Ifso3．____________bythetiger,thegirldidn'tdaretosleepalone.因为害怕老虎，这个女孩不敢单独睡觉。【答案】　　Frightened4．Thereis__________wewill___________designingtheproject.　\n几乎毫无疑问，我们能成功把这项工程设计出来。【答案】　littledoubtthat；succeedin1．gainvt.&vi.&n．获得，赢得；(钟表)走快；利益【归纳拓展】gainby/from...从……中获益gainin在……方面有所增加或增长Thereisnothingtobegainedfromdelayingthedecision.推迟决定得不到任何好处。Winebarshavegainedinpopularityinrecentyears.近年来，以供应葡萄酒为主的酒吧越来越受欢迎。gain/acquire/earn/achieve(1)gain收获；获得。指获得有用或必需的东西。可以用于体重、力量的增加，奖学金的获得，更常用于经验、知识、教育、满足等的获得。(2)acquire购得，得到(尤指昂贵的或难以得到的东西)；获得，掌握(知识、技能等)。(3)earn取得；赚得。通常指通过工作挣钱，也可以用于应该得到的东西，如支持、认同、声望或尊敬。(4)achieve得到；获得。多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。Herunusualtalentgainedherworldwiderecognition.她非凡的才能举世公认。Hehadfinallyachievedsuccess.他终于获得了成功。ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.她英语已经学得很好。Heearnedtherespectofhisstudents.他赢得了学生的尊重。2．accusev．指责，谴责；控告；告发【归纳拓展】accusesb.of...指控某人犯……错/罪beaccusedof...被指控犯了……错/罪accusedadj.被指责的，被控告的accusationn．控告，告发，指责Sheaccusedhimofstealinghermoney.她控告了他偷了她的钱。【温馨提示】blamesb.forsth./doingsth.因(做)某事责备某人scoldsb.forsth./doingsth.为(做)某事批评某人punishsb.forsth./doingsth.为(做)某事而惩罚某人\nchargesb.withsth.因某事控告某人Theboywaspunishedbyhisfatherforhisstealingmoney.那孩子由于偷钱而受到了父亲的惩罚。3．concentratev．集中(思想、注意力等)；全神贯注concentrationn．专心；专注【归纳拓展】concentrate(sth.)on(doing)sth.集中于；专心于……concentrateone’sattention/efforts/thoughtson...把注意力/努力/思想集中到……beconcentratedin/on/uponsth.集中于，专心于……Weshouldconcentratealloureffortsonimprovingeducation.我们应该致力于改进教育工作。HeconcentratedonthestudyofEnglish.他把重点放在英语学习上。Ourpopulationisconcentratedinthebigcities.我国人口集中在大城市里。【温馨提示】focus/fixone’sattentionon...集中注意力于……putone’smind/heartin(into)专心于……beabsorbedin...一心一意于……applyoneself/one’smindto...专心于……payattentionto专心，注意……【注意】　以上短语中in，to都是介词，后接名词或动名词。4．judgev．审判，审理；评判；判断，断定judgementn．看法；判断力【归纳拓展】judgeby/from从……来看，根据……来判断judgesb./sth.评判，评价某人/物judgesb./sth.(tobe)＋n./adj.认为某人/物……Judgingbywhateveryonesaysabouthim，I’dsayhehasagoodchanceofwinning.根据大家对他的评价来判断，我想他大有赢的可能。Thejudgesentencedherto12monthsimprisonment.法官判她一年监禁。Inmyjudgement，weshouldaccepttheemployer’soffer.依我看，我们应当接受雇主的提议。【温馨提示】在英语中，对于分词作状语时，到底应用现在分词还是过去分词，一般取决于对应动词与其逻辑主语之间存在的逻辑关系。但也有一些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：Generallyspeaking...一般说来……Franklyspeaking...坦白地说……Considering...考虑到……Totellyouthetruth...说实话……5．confirmvt.证实；坚定(决心、意见等)，使(人)有信心\nconfirmationn．证实；确认书；证明书【归纳拓展】confirmsth.证实某事confirmthat－clause证实，确定confirmsb.insb.’sbelief/opinion/view使某人的信念/意见/观点更加坚定Itis/hasbeenconfirmedthat已经确定……Theexperimentconfirmedhistheory.那个实验证实了他的理论。Theexpressiononhisfaceconfirmedmeinmysuspicions.他脸上的表情证实了我的怀疑。There’sstillnoofficialconfirmationoftherumor.这种传闻仍未得到官方证实。Ithasbeenconfirmedthathe’llcomebackinaweek.已经确定他会在一周内回来。6．requirementn．需要，要求；规定requirevt.&vi.需要，要求【归纳拓展】requiresb.todo要求某人做……requiredoing/tobedone要求被做……；需要做……requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某物requirethat...(should＋)动词原形要求做……Itis/wasrequiredthat...(should＋)动词原形要求做……Ourimmediaterequirementisextrastaff.我们急需增加工作人员。Notallgoodssatisfythecustomers’requirements.并非所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。Everybodyisrequiredtoattendthemeeting.所有人都被要求出席会议。Theseyoungtreeswillrequirelookingaftercarefully.这些小树需要悉心照料。7．accountn．(银行)账户；说明；理由；计算；账目；报道　vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有【归纳拓展】openanaccount开一个账户accountfor说明(原因等)；作出解释onaccountof由于，因为onnoaccount决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)onanyaccount无论如何takeaccountof＝take...intoconsideration/account考虑到……keepanaccountof记录，记载Hecouldnotaccountforhisfoolishmistake.他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢的错误。Giveusanaccountforwhathappened.\n跟我们说一下到底发生了什么。Sheretiredearlyonaccountofillhealth.她因身体不好，所以提前退休。Thecompanytakesaccountofenvironmentalissues.这家公司考虑到了环境问题。8．deservevt.应得，值得【归纳拓展】deserve＋n.值得……；应得……deserve＋todo值得做……；应该做……deserve＋doing/tobedone值得被做……Youdeservearestafterallthathardwork.辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。Thereportdeservesconsidering.这报告值得考虑。【温馨提示】(1)deserve不用于进行时。(2)deserve＋doing时，doing主动形式表达被动含义，相当于接被动语态的动词不定式，即tobedone.9．devotevt.献身于，专心致志于【归纳拓展】(1)devotesth.tosth./doingsth.把……奉献于……devoteoneselftosth.献身……，热爱……，专心致力于……(2)devotedadj.忠实的，挚爱的；专心致志的bedevotedtosb./sth.对……忠诚/热衷于……(to为介词)(3)devotionn．献身，挚爱；专心，热衷devotionto...对……的热爱/专心(to为介词)I’mdevotingallmytimeandenergytobeingamomrightnow.目前我把所有时间和精力都放在当妈妈这件事上。Heisdevotedtohismusic.他热爱他的音乐。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Allthestudentsmustwearschool________(制服)intheschool.【答案】　uniforms2．Allthepeopleintheworld________(渴望)peace，securityandhappiness.【答案】　desire3．YoumightmeetaGermanwho’sa________(自信的)dancerwithagreatsenseofhumour.【答案】　confident4．Whatdoyouhopeto________(获得)bythisaction?【答案】　gain5．Herloveandsupportgaveme________(力量)．【答案】　strengthⅡ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　\n1．(2014·泉州模拟)Whenhewasdrivinghome，hewasstoppedbythepolicemanandwas________ofspeeding.A．chargedB．blamedC．accusedD．warned【解析】　考查动词词义辨析。句意：开车回家时，他被警察拦下，指控他超速。beaccusedof在意义上相当于bechargedwith，意为：指控某人……。【答案】　C2．(2014·合肥质检)RoseisMr.Smith’ssecretary，soshehas________toallhisbusinesse－mails.A．eB．accountC．wayD．access【解析】　考查名词词义辨析。access“接触，使用”。句意：Rose是史密斯先生的秘书，所以她能接触到他的所有商务邮件。power“力量”；account“账号”；way“方法”。【答案】　D3．(2014·太原模拟)Yourwatch________aboutfiveminutesaday.You’dbettergetitrepairedatonce.A．earnsB．gainsC．obtainsD．quickens【解析】　考查动词辨析。句意：你的手表大约每天快5分钟。你最好马上(找人)修修。gain“(钟，表)快”；earn“赚得，获得，赢得”；obtain“获得”；quicken“加快”。【答案】　B4．Thecustomer________hisdeliverer________deliveringhisgoodstothewrongaddress.A．accused；withB．charged；byC．accused；ofD．charged；of【解析】　accuse...of与charge...with...是固定搭配，意为“因……而控告”。【答案】　C5．________ofbeinginvolvedintheattemptedmurder，shewasquestionedbythepolice.A．ConvincedB．SuspectedC．ChargedD．Confirmed【解析】　句意：被警方怀疑(suspect)参与了这起谋杀未遂案，她受到了警察的询问。convince“说服，使人相信……”，其结构为convincesb.ofsth.；charge“控告，控诉”，其结构为chargesb.withsth.；confirm“确定，批准”，其结构为confirmsb.in...。【答案】　B6．NowIseeyouwantto________thepositionasyousaidjustnow.Couldyoupleasegivemeabrief________yourintention?A．applyfor;accountofB．reactto;introductionaboutC．replyfor;descriptionofD．remindof;instructionabout【解析】　applyforsth.“申请……”；account可意为“叙述；讲述；描述”，相当于description。【答案】　A7．(2014·日照模拟)Themansaidhewouldacceptthejobonthephone，butwe’dbetter________hisacceptanceinwrittenform.A．conveyB．convince\nC．confirmD．consider【解析】　句意：那个人说他将通过电话接受这份工作，但是我们最好用书面形式确认他的接受。confirm“确认，批准”，符合句意。convey“传达，传递”；convince“使相信，使确信”；consider“考虑”。【答案】　C8．Isuggestthattheperson________putintoprison.A．refertoB．referredtobeC．referringtoshouldbeD．referredtowas【解析】　referto“提及”，在句中作定语，表被动，相当于whowasreferredto；suggest“建议”，后加宾语从句时谓语用(should)＋动词原形，表虚拟。【答案】　B9．(2014·湖北七市联考)PutinhaswontheRussian’spresidentialelectionasexpected，overwhichmanyholdtheopinionthathe________itintermsofhiscontributiontothecountry.A．permitsB．deservesC．admitsD．preserves【解析】　句意为：普京，如人们所料，赢得了俄罗斯的总统大选，对此许多人认为就他对国家的贡献而言，这是他应该得到的。deserve“值得，应该得到”；permit“允许”；admit“承认，允许入内”；preserve“保存，保留”。【答案】　B10．(2014·杭州模拟)Thepremier________theimportanceofdevelopingChineseeconomyinhisspeechatUniversityofCambridge.A．approvedB．devotedC．realizedD．stressed【解析】　句意：总理在剑桥大学强调了发展中国经济的重要性。stress“强调”，符合句意。approve“赞成，同意”；devote“奉献，把……专注于”；realize“实现，理解”。【答案】　D1．talksb.intodoingsth.劝服某人做某事【归纳拓展】talksb.outof(doing)sth.说服某人打消(做)……的念头persuadesb.todo/intodoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人停止做某事，劝阻……arguesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事arguesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不做某事Ididn’twanttomoveabroad，butBilltalkedmeintoit.我本不想移居国外，但是比尔把我说服了。Italkedhimoutofchanginghisjob.我说服他打消了换工作的念头。Don’tletyourselfbepersuadedintobuyingthingsyoudon’treallywant.不要让别人说服你去买那些你并不需要的东西。2．drawup起草，拟订；使排好队伍；使(车、马等)停住【归纳拓展】drawaway拉走，离开\ndrawback拉起，退后，犹豫，不守诺言drawdown拉下，吸引，招来drawin(车)到站；(天)渐黑drawnear临近drawoneselfup挺直身体站立Thecardrewup(atthegate)andthreemengotout.汽车(在门前)停了下来，从车里走出三个人。Thesoldiersweredrawnupoutsidethepalace.士兵在宫殿外面排好了队列。Hedrewhimselfuptohisfullheight.他挺起胸笔直地站着。3．intermsof就……来说，从某个角度来看；根据，按照【归纳拓展】inthelong/shortterm就长期/短期而言beon...termswithsb.与某人相交intermsof在……方面insb.’sterms在某人看来USforeignpolicytendedtoseeeverythingintermsoftheVietnamwar.美国的外交政策往往从越南战争的角度来看待一切。Intermsofcustomersatisfaction，thepolicycannotbecriticized.说到顾客的满意情况，这个政策无可挑剔。Intheirterms，cuttinggovernmentspendingisthemostimportantthing.根据他们的观点，削减政府开支是最重要的事情。Thecompany’sprospectslookgoodinthelongterm.公司的远景看好。4．can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住要做某事【归纳拓展】can’thelpbutdo不得不做，忍不住做can’tbutdo不得不做can’thelp(to)do不能帮忙做helponeselfto自行取用(食物)，随意使用helpsb.out帮助某人脱离困境Lookattheselovelydresses.Ican’thelpbuyingone.看看这些漂亮的裙子！我忍不住要买一件。WhenIwonfirstprize，Icouldnothelpbutcrywithjoy.→WhenIwasgivenfirstprize，Icouldnothelpcryingwithjoy.当我获得一等奖时，我忍不住高兴地哭了出来。WhenIboughtthehouse，mysisterhelpedmeoutwithaloan.我买这所房子时，我姐姐借给我一笔钱救急。Ⅰ.用所给短语的适当形式填空accusesb.of...；concentrate...on...；talksb.intodoing；drawup；intermsof1．She________herhusband________(have)aholidayinFrance.\n【答案】　talked；intohaving2．Atruck________infrontofthehouse.【答案】　drewup3．He________killinghisgoodfriend.【答案】　wasaccusedof4．Ican’t________mystudieswithallthatnoisegoingon.【答案】　concentrateon5．________money，heisquiterich，buthedoesn’tfeelhappy.【答案】　IntermsofⅡ.单项填空1．(2014·江苏南通调研)Thesuccessofagovernmentshouldbemeasured________thehappinessofthepeopleaswellasthedevelopmentofeconomy.A．infaceofB．inplaceofC．intermsofD．inhonourof【解析】　考查介词短语辨析。intermsof“依据；按照”。句意：一个政府的成功，既需要以人们的幸福，也需要根据经济的发展来衡量。【答案】　C2．(2014·黑龙江哈师大附中高三上学期期中)Idon’treallyworkhere；I________untilthenewsecretaryarrives.A．justhelpoutB．havejusthelpedoutC．amjusthelpingoutD．willjusthelpout【解析】　考查时态。句意：我不是真的在这儿工作，只是帮帮忙，新秘书来了我就走。其中，新秘书来之前，我是一直(或者总是)在那儿工作的，而“一直”(或者“总是”)是一般现在时的标志；又因为前一句是一般现在时，所以，这里应该用一般现在时。选C。【答案】　C3．________thenumbersinemployment，thehotelindustrywasthesecondlargestindustryinthiscountrylastyear.A．InspiteofB．IncaseofC．IntermsofD．Inpraiseof【解析】　inspiteof“尽管”；incaseof“要是……”；intermsof“从……方面来说”；inpraiseof“称赞”。【答案】　C4．Please________alistoftheguestsforthedinner.A．drawupB．drawinC．drawbackD．drawaway【解析】　本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：请拟一份赴宴客人的名单。drawup起草，拟订；drawin(车)到站；drawback拉起，退后；drawaway拉走，离开。根据句意应选A。【答案】　A5．Whileshopping，peoplesometimescan’thelp________intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A．topersuadeB．persuadingC．beingpersuadedD．bepersuaded【解析】　“情不自禁地做某事”是can’thelpdoingsth.所以排除A、D两项；persuade和people之间是动宾关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。\n【答案】　C1．【教材原句】　Ifnecessary，lookthemupinadictionary.如果有必要的话，就在词典中查一下它们。【句法分析】　Ifnecessary＝Ifitisnecessary如果需要的话。如果从属连词后面的主语与主句的主语相同且谓语中含有be动词，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词；若从句中主谓是it＋be的形式，it与be动词也可省略。常见结构有：Ifnecessary/possible...，Whennecessary...等。常见结构还有：从属连词＋v.－ing/过去分词常用的从属连词有：when，while，though，asthough，asif，although。I’llstayupallnight，ifnecessary，togetitfinished.如果有必要，我会熬个通宵把这事做完。Iwanttoavoidtherush－hourtrafficifpossible.如果有可能的话，我想避开交通高峰期的车流。【温馨提示】这些连词后到底用doing还是done，取决于主语与动词的关系是主动还是被动。Whenaskedabouthisfather，hekeptsilent.当被问起他父亲时，他一句话也不说。Althoughcomingveryearly，hedidn’tseehisfriend.尽管来得很早，他还是没见到他的朋友。2．【教材原句】　...thereislittledoubtthatpeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveproblemsgettingonwithotherpeople...……几乎毫无疑问，低情商的人在与人相处方面常有困难……【句法分析】　thereislittledoubtthat...几乎可以确定……，几乎毫无疑问……。常见类似用法有：Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……Thereisdoubtwhether...不确定是否……Idon’tdoubtthat...我确信……Idoubtwhether/if...我不敢肯定without/beyonddoubt无疑地，必定indoubt不肯定的，不确定的可用于“Thereisno＋n.”结构的名词有need，hope，chance，problem等，后面接todosth./that－clause。use，good，harm，point等词在这一结构中后面跟indoingsth.。nodoubt无疑；很可能Thereisnodoubtthatheisanexcellentstudent.毫无疑问，他是一名优秀学生。Nodoubtthatshewasdisturbedbythenoise.多半是噪音惊扰了她。Theiracceptanceofthecontractisstillindoubt.他们是否接受那份合同还说不准。Sallywaswithoutdoubtoneofthefinestswimmersintheschool.萨莉确实是学校最优秀的游泳者之一。Idon’tdoubtthatyouwillsucceed.\n我肯定你能成功。【温馨提示】　(1)doubt作动词时，在肯定句中，名词性从句用whether，if，when，what等连接；在疑问句、否定句中，名词性从句用that连接。(2)doubt作名词时，连接词根据句子所表达意思并依据上述规则选用。Ⅰ.完成句子1．如果有可能，我会在钱的方面尽力帮你的。________________，I’lltrymybesttohelpyou________________________________.【答案】　Ifpossible；intermsofmoney2．如果他没有把钱用来帮助穷人的话，他已经成为百万富翁了。Ifhe________________allhismoney________________thepoor，he________________________amillionaire.【答案】　hadn’tdevoted；tohelping；wouldhavebecome3．如果你不专心学习的话，你在下次考试时会不及格的。Ifyoudon’t________________yourstudy，you’ll______________________inthecomingexam.【答案】　concentrateon；endupfailingⅡ.单项填空1．(2014·烟台模拟)—MyGod！Ihaven’tpreparedthefilesforthenewprojectyet!—________.Thebosswon’tneedituntilnextFriday.A．There’snodoubtB．There’snopanicC．GoodluckD．Soundsgood【解析】　考查交际用语。句意：——天哪！我还没准备好新项目的文件！——不用慌。老板直到下个星期五才需要。There’snopanic.“不用慌，不用着急”，符合语境。There’snodoubt.“毫无疑问”；Goodluck！“祝您好运”；Soundsgood.“听起来很好”。【答案】　B2．(2014·浙江省五校高三第一次联考)Sincethebabymilkpowderwasfoundtobepolluted,therehasbeenuniversaldoubt________otherfoodproductsaresafe________.A．that；toeatB．whether；tobeeatenC．whether；toeatD．that；tobeeaten【解析】　本题中的名词doubt后面是一个同位语从句，因为前面的doubt用语肯定句中，所以使用whether引导该同位语从句，表示不确定的事情。第二空使用不定式toeat对句子的主语otherfood进行补充说明。因为safe是对主语的性质特征进行的说明，故使用不定式的主动语态。如：Theproblemiseasytosolve。这个问题很容易解决。句义：既然婴儿奶粉被发现已经被污染了，很多人都怀疑其他的食物是否可以安全食用。故C正确。【答案】　C3．(2014·潍坊质检)Whenpeoplecutdownbigtrees，newtreesshouldbeplanted.________theywillhavenotreestocutdowninthefuture.A．IfnotB．IfsoC．IfnosoD．Ifdon’t【解析】　考查省略。句意：当人们砍倒大树时，应该种植新树，不然的话，他们将来就没有树木可砍了。ifnot“如果不，不然”；ifso“如果这样的话”。\n【答案】　A本单元语法——过去分词单项填空1．(2014·石家庄质检)Children________todifficultsituationsarebetterathandlingthose________tasks.A．exposing；challengingB．exposed；challengedC．exposed；challengingD．exposing；challenged【解析】　考查分词作定语的用法。expose...to意为“让……接触……”。宾语children提前，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动；第二空后的tasks是表示物的名词，所以用challenging，意为“富有挑战的”。【答案】　C2．(2014·江苏南通一模)Thecounty，________inthenorthofShanxi，hasahistoryofmorethan1,400years.A．locatedB．tobelocatedC．beinglocatedD．locating【解析】　考查过去分词作定语。此处应用过去分词短语作定语，修饰thecounty，故选A项。【答案】　A3．(2014·莱芜期末)—Doyouthinkyoucouldgetthisparcel________forme，please?—Consideritdone!A．tomailB．mailedC．mailingD．mail【解析】　考查过去分词作宾补的用法。mail和其逻辑主语parcel是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补，构成getsth.done结构。【答案】　B4．(2014·九江一模)Inoticedmylittleson________thewords________onhissmallblackboard.A．read；writingB．reading；writingC．toread；writtenD．read；written【解析】　考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我注意到我的小儿子读写在小黑板上的单词。noticesb.dosth.“看见某人做某事”；words和write是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，修饰words。故选D项。【答案】　D　　　　　　　　　　　　5．(2014·金华十校期末)________nottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck,whichisreallydangerous.A．BeingremindedB．ToremindC．HavingremindedD．Reminded【解析】　考查过去分词作状语的用法。remind和其逻辑主语somedrivers是动宾关系，也就是说，司机就是被提醒的。尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，十分危险。\n【答案】　D6．(2014·长沙市南雅中学模拟)________thathemightlosehisjob，Peteralwaysworksextrahourstopleasehisboss.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A．WorryingB．HavingworriedC．HavingbeenworriedD．Worried【解析】　考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于Peterisworriedthathemightlosehisjob。【答案】　D7．(2014·吉林市质检)—Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutwhat’sgoingoninthecountryside?—I’vegotafriendtherewhokeepsme________.A．informingB．tobeinformedC．informedD．beinginformed【解析】　过去分词作宾补。keepsb.informed(ofsth.)告知某人。【答案】　C8．(2014·天津十二区县联考)________forthefactthatshebrokeherleg，shemighthavepassedtheexam.A．Hadn’titbeenB．HaditnotbeenC．WasitnotD．Wereitnot【解析】　句意：要不是她摔断了腿，她可能就通过考试了。根据题干中的broke，mighthavepassed可推知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与过去事实相反，if从句谓语动词应为“had＋过去分词”，故排除C、D两项；如果虚拟语气的if从句为否定句，省略if时，只需将助动词、were或情态动词提前，而否定词not需保持在主语之后，故排除A项。【答案】　B9．(2014·浙江调研)Mostcompanies’marketingeffortisfocusedongettingcustomers，withlittleattention________tokeepingthem.A．payingB．topayC．paidD．havingpaid【解析】　句意：大部分公司的营销工作以赢得顾客为中心，而很少注意留住他们。本句的后半句是介词with的复合结构，attention和pay之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词表示被动。【答案】　C10．(2012·天津质检)Shewastoonervoustospeakwithsomanyeyes________onher.A．fixingB．fixedC．tobefixedD．werefixed【解析】　考查fixone’seyeson...在with复合结构中的运用。【答案】　B课时作业(十三)Ⅰ.单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1．(2014·安徽省皖南八校联考)Theyoungman，whobythen________admissiontoPekingUniversity，determinedtodosomepart－timejobstogainmorepracticalskills.A．gainedB．wasgaining\nC．hasgainedD．hadgained【解析】　考查时态。根据时间状语bythen可知用过去完成时态。故选D项。【答案】　D2．Althoughheisveryyoung，heismuchmoreexperiencedthanothers________workingability.A．inpraiseofB．intermsofC．insearchofD．inneedof【解析】　考查短语辨析。句意：尽管他很年轻，但是就工作能力而言，他比其他人更有经验。intermsof“就……而言”，符合句意。【答案】　B3．(2014·福建毕业班质检)—ShallIattendmyfriend’scoming－of－ageceremony，Mum?—No，unlessyouseeto________thatyouwillbehomebefore10：00p．m.A．oneB．thisC．itD．her【解析】　句意：——妈妈，我可以参加我朋友的成人典礼吗？——不行，除非你保证你在晚上10：00前回家。“seetoitthat＋从句”为固定句式，相当于makesurethat＋从句，意为“确保”。【答案】　C4．Toolittlerain________thepoorcrop.A．accountedonB．accountedforC．explainedtoD．approvedof【解析】　句意：雨水太少是作物歉收的原因。accountfor“说明……的原因”；explainto“向某人解释”；approveof“赞成”。【答案】　B5．(2014·河北保定调研)Willyouseeto________thattheluggageisbroughtback?A．meB．yourselfC．itD．them【解析】　考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：你处理了带回来的行李了吗？此处seeto后跟that或if从句作宾语时，需接it后接宾语从句，故选C项。【答案】　C6．(2014·沈阳模拟)Ifheisdeterminedtodoagoodthing，GuoMingyi，knownforhisgenerosityinassistingpoorpeople，willdoso________whatotherssay.A．inspiteofB．intermsofC．inconsequenceofD．regardlessof【解析】　句意：以慷慨帮助穷人闻名的郭明义，如果下决心做好事，就会做，不管别人说什么。regardlessof“不管”；inspiteof“尽管”；intermsof“就……而言”；inconsequenceof“由于”。【答案】　D7．(2014·安徽省级示范高中名校联考)As________birthplaceofHuaxiacivilization，Xi'anis________citywithalonghistoryandabundantculturalrelics.A．the；aB．a；aC．/；aD．the；/【解析】　考查冠词。birthplace后面有of短语做其后置定语，故这里应该是表特指，用定冠词the；后面意为“拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化底蕴的一座城市”，此处是泛指，故应该用不定冠词a，故答案为A项。【答案】　A8．(2014·合肥高三模拟)Sarahissosweetbut________girltospeakoutinpublic.\nA．thetooshyB．tooshyaC．tooshytheD．tooashy【解析】　too与so修饰可数名词单数时用too＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.结构。【答案】　B9．Thefactthatshewasforeignmade________difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.A．soB．muchC．thatD．it【解析】　从结构来看此处缺少一个形式宾语。句意：她是一个外国人的事实使得她在那个国家找到一份工作非常困难。【答案】　D10．(2014·保定市二模)Istayedthereforonlytwodaysbut________feltliketwoweeks.A．itB．whatC．thatD．this【解析】　考查it用法。此处it指代时间twodays。【答案】　A11．Likesomeofmyclassmates，Ican'tliveuptomyteachers'expectations；________Iletthemdown.A．inotherwordsB．afterallC．what'smoreD．moreorless【解析】　下句解释上句讲的意思时，用that'stosay或inotherwords表示。【答案】　A12.(2014·山东师大附中高三调研)—Tom，yougetdeaddrunkagain!—________？It’snoneofyourbusiness.A．WhatforB．HowcomeC．WhynotD．Sowhat【解析】　考查交际用语。句意：——Tom，你又喝醉了！——那又怎样？与你无关。Whatfor“为什么”；Howcome“怎么会这样”；Whynot“为什么不”；Sowhat“那又怎样”。【答案】　D13．I'dliketodosomethingforyou________everythingyou'vedoneforme.A．inexchangeB．inturnC．inreturnforD．intermsof【解析】　本题考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为对你为我所做的一切的报答，我想为你做点什么。inreturnfor“作为对……的报答”；inturn“依次，反过来”；inexchange“作为交换”；intermsof“就……来说，关于”。根据句意应选C。【答案】　C14．Sinceheoftentravelsonbusiness，hecan________himselftosleepinginanyplacehecanfind.A．devoteB．accustomC．forceD．reduce【解析】　考查动词辨析。句意：由于他经常因公出差，他能适应在任何能找到的地方睡觉。accustomoneselfto(doing)sth.使某人适应……。【答案】　B15．(2014·咸阳市模拟考试)________wegavehimsomethingtoeat，hewouldsaveitupforhislittlesister.A．WhateverB．HoweverC．WheneverD．Whichever\n【解析】　考查连词辨析。句意：无论何时我们给他东西吃，他总是省下来留给他的小妹妹。whenever意为“无论何时”，符合题意。whatever意为“无论什么”；however意为“无论怎样”；whichever意为“无论哪个(些)”。【答案】　CⅡ.完形填空阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2013·江西卷)DianeRaywascompletelyself－centredandveryspoilt.Herparentsgaveher__16__shewanted，knowingthatshewouldthrowatempertantrum(耍小孩脾气)iftheydidnot.Shewouldscreamandkickand__17__onthefloordrummingherheels.Herparentsalways__18__.Thatwaswhyshewasaloneonthe__19__，wearinganexpensiveswimsuit.Ithadtakenamassivetantrumto__20__herparentstobuyit.Theywerebackatthebeach－house，__21__fromthetantrumshehadthrownwhentheytoldherthatitwastoodangeroustogodiving__22__.“Dangerous？”shehadsaid.“Youjustdon'twantmetohave__23__.I'mgoingandifyoutrytostopme，I'llscream.”“Whatareyoudoing？”avoiceasked.Dianejumped.Shedidnotknowthatthemanwasthere__24__hespoke.“I'mgoingdiving，”sheanswered.“Youshouldn'tswimtoday，”theman__25__.“Thereisastormcomingup.”“Youshouldmindyourown__26__！”Dianerepliedandwalkedintothegentlewaves.“Ifyougooutthereyou'llbe__27__，”themancalledafterher.Shedidnotbothertoreply.Dianeslippedintothewateranddived__28__untilwhitecapsbeganrollinginanditbecameharderto__29__againstthecurrent(水流)．Saltwaterhitagainstherface，makingit__30__tobreathe.Oh，whyhadshenotlistenedtoadvice?Panicking，shebeganto__31__.Then，justasitseemedasifshewouldslipbeneaththesurface，shehearda__32__voice.“Holdon!I'mcoming.”With__33__，shesawtheoldmanrowinganancient－lookingboattowardsher.“Ihopeyou'velearnedalesson.Youputusbothin__34__，”heshoutedangrily，ashedraggedheroverthesideofthe__35__.Gratefully，Dianethankedhimandrantowardsthebeach－house.16．A.eitherB．neitherC．nothingD．everything17．A.jumpB．lieC．spinD．sleep18．A.setoutB．setinC．gavein　D．gaveout19．A.beach　　B．bedC．floor　D．ship20．A.allow　　B．warnC．get　D．prefer21．A.changingB．recoveringC．appearingD．traveling22．A.alone　　B．awayC．again　D．aside\n23．A.time　　B．moneyC．food　D．fun24．A.when　　B．untilC．after　D．once25．A.decidedB．intendedC．advisedD．repeated26．A.businessB．swimsuitC．friendsD．parents27．A.angry　　B．sorryC．confusedD．excited28．A.nervouslyB．sadlyC．shyly　D．happily29．A.rise　　B．swimC．stop　D．row30．A.difficultB．easyC．comfortableD．suitable31．A.speak　　B．singC．sniff　D．scream32．A.calm　　B．frighteningC．beautifulD．disgusting33．A.regret　　B．reliefC．interestD．ease34．A.power　　B．safetyC．dangerD．thought35．A.house　　B．waveC．beach　D．boat【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一个任性的女孩，她总是喜欢一意孤行。在一个有暴风雨的日子，她不听老人的劝告，执意要去潜水，结果遭遇了危险，好在有老人相救，女孩最终脱离了危险。16．【解析】　通过上下文可知，DianeRay以自我为中心，如果父母不给她想要的东西，她会耍小孩子脾气。因此，父母会给她她想要的一切。【答案】　D17．【解析】　耍小孩子脾气时，她会大叫，踢东西，躺在地板上打滚。【答案】　B18．【解析】　givein屈服。她的父母每次都会屈服，顺从她的意愿。【答案】　C19．【解析】　由下文可知她在海滩上。【答案】　A20．【解析】　她昂贵的泳衣是耍了许多脾气才让她的父母买来的。【答案】　C21．【解析】　they是指DianeRay的父母。当他们告诉DianeRay独自去游泳很危险时，DianeRay又发了脾气。因此，平息了怒气之后，他们回到了海边的度假屋。【答案】　B22．【解析】　参见上题解析。\n【答案】　A23．【解析】　havefun意为“玩得高兴”。DianeRay认为，父母说独自去游泳很危险只是不想让她玩得高兴。【答案】　D24．【解析】　“not...until...”句型的考查，意思是“直到那人说话她才意识他的存在”。【答案】　B25．【解析】　因为有风暴，所以老人建议她不要出海游泳。【答案】　C26．【解析】　考查固定搭配。mindyourownbusiness意思是“管好你自己的事”。【答案】　A27．【解析】　sorry在此处的意思为“后悔的，懊悔的”。句意：老人在她身后喊道：“如果你去，你会后悔的。”【答案】　B28．【解析】　happily说明DianeRay当时的心情。她做了自己想做的事，心情十分愉快。【答案】　D29．【解析】　根据上文可知，DianeRay是在海水中游泳。【答案】　B30．【解析】　句意：海水打在她的脸上，呼吸也因此而变得困难。【答案】　A31．【解析】　由于害怕，DianeRay开始大叫。【答案】　D32．【解析】　calm表示“镇静的，冷静的”。与DianeRay的害怕惊慌相反，老人的声音十分冷静。【答案】　A33．【解析】　看到老人划船来救她，她感到松了一口气。【答案】　B34．【解析】　句意：当老人把DianeRay从一边拉到船上来时，他气愤地说：“我希望你吸取这个教训。你使得我们两个人都面临危险。”【答案】　C35．【解析】　参见上题解析。【答案】　DⅢ.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2014·山东省寿光市月考)WhenBorisleftschool，hecouldnotfindajob.Hetriedhardandpestered(纠缠)hisrelatives，buttheyhadproblemsoftheirown.Heansweredadvertisementsuntilhecouldnotaffordtobuyanymorestamps.Borisgrewannoyed，thendepressed，thenalittlehardened.Stillhewentontryingandstillhefailed.Hebegantothinkthathehadnofutureatall.“Whydon’tyoustartyourownbusiness？”oneofhisunclestoldhim.“Theworldisamoney－locker.You’dbetterfindawayofopeningit.”“ButwhatcanIdo？”“Getoutandhavealookround，”advisedhisuncleinavaguesortofway.“Seewhatpeoplewant，thengiveittothem，andtheywillpayforit.”Borisbegantocyclearoundthetownandfoundasuitablepieceofawastegroundintheend.Thenhesetuphisbusinessasacyclerepairer.Heworkedhard，madefriendswithhis\ncustomersandgraduallymanagedtobuilduphisgoodwillandprofit.Afewmonthslater，hefoundthathehadmoreworkthanhecoulddealwithbyhimself.Hefoundanumberofemptyshopsbuttheywereallnogood:inthewrongposition，tooexpensiveorwithsomeothersnag(障碍)．Butatlonglast，hemanagedtofindanemptyshoponanewestatewheretherewereplentyofcustomersbutnocompetition.Borisandhisassistanttaughtthemselveshowtorepairscootersandmotor－cycles.Slowlybutsurelytheprofitsincreasedandthebusinessdeveloped.Atlast，Borishadmanagedtoopenthemoney－lockerandfoundbanknotesandgoldcoinsinside.36．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GoodwillisthekeytosuccessB．Theworldisamoney－lockerC．Noeducation，nofutureD．Difficultyofstartingasmallbusiness37．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBoris’jobhuntingexperience?A．Surprising.B．Encouraging.C．Boring.D．Disappointing.38．Borisstartshiscareerby________.A．cyclingaroundthetownB．developingawastegroundC．repairingcyclesD．buyingemptyshops39．Borisfinallychoseanemptyshoponanewestatebecause________.A．itwasnotsoexpensiveB．hehadalotofoldcustomersthereC．hecouldmakegooduseofhisskillsthereD．thereweregoodopportunitiesthere40．WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatBoris________.A．stillcouldn’tmakegoodprofitsB．setoffinasuccessfulcareerC．foundalotofgoldcoinsbyaccidentD．hadgreatdifficultyrunninghisbusiness【语篇解读】　主人公Boris毕业后，在寻找工作的过程中屡屡受挫，失望之至，在叔叔的建议下，从修理自行车开始，逐渐走向了成功。36．【解析】　推理判断题。纵观全文可以看出，文章通过讲述主人公求职屡遭拒绝，最后经过调整思路赚得第一桶金，然后把自己的生意越做越大，从而打开了世界这把锁钱的锁的故事，可知，B最能概括全文。【答案】　B37．【解析】　推理判断题。第一段中描述了Boris求职接连失败的感受，由“Borisgrewannoyed，thendepressed，thenalittlehardened”，可知四个选项中只有disappointing(失望)，符合语境。【答案】　D38．【解析】　细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Thenhesetuphisbusinessasacyclerepairer”可知答案。【答案】　C\n39．【解析】　推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Butatlonglast，hemanagedtofindanemptyshoponanewestatewheretherewereplentyofcustomersbutnocompetition”可以看出，那里顾客较多、没有竞争，也就是说那里机会好，所以选D。【答案】　D40．【解析】　推理判断题。最后一段前半部分告诉我们他的生意越做越大，利润越来越可观，最后一句对此作了总结，由此可以看出，他的事业取得了成功。【答案】　BⅣ.任务型读写阅读短文，根据所读内容在文后表格中的空白处填入适当的单词。注意：每空只填一个单词。(2014·安徽省望江中学月考)Thehardestthingintheworldissayingyestotheworld.Doyousayyestotheworld?Mostofushaveahabitofgoingthroughourdayssayingnotothethingswedon'tlikeandyestothethingswedo,andyet,everythingwefaceisourlife.Wewon'tsayyestothethingswedonotlike,becausewefearthatwewillnotremovethemforever.Butinfact,itisonlythroughacceptingtheexistenceofwhat'snotworkingforusthatwecanbegintheprocessofchange.Whenwesayyestotheworld,weenterintoastateoftrustthatwhateveroursituationis,wecanworkwithit.Weexpressbeliefinourselves,andtheworld,andwealsoexpressawillingnesstolearnfromwhateverhappenstous,ratherthanrunningandhidingwhenwedon'tlikewhatwesee.Therefore,inoneword,sayingyesisdefinitelygoodforourlife.Thequestionwemightaskourselvesiswhatitwilltakeforustogettothepointofsayingyes.Forsomeofus,ittakesdealingwithsomethingwecan'tescapeorrefuse,andsoweareleftwithnochoicebuttosayyes.Forothers,itjustseemsanaturalprocessofeventsthatleadsustomakethedecisiontosayyestolife.Sayingyestolifemightbedifficultatfirst,andevenpainfulattimes,butifwecontinuetosayyestoeverymomentthroughtheprocess,itwillbefarlessdifficultintheend.Andwewillfindthejoyofbeinginapositivetalktotheworldwithaverypowerfulword—yes.Weshouldaccepteverythinglifeputsinfrontofus.Title：__41__totheWorldwithaYesAspect,DetailWayoftreatinglife,Mostofusare__42__tosayingyestowhatwelikeandnotowhatwedon't.__43__ofsayingno,Weareafraidthatwecan'tgetridofwhatwedon'tlike.__44__ofsayingyes,●Wecanbeginto__45__ourselves.●Wecanadapttoourworld.●Wewill__46__inourselvesandourworld.●Weare__47__tolearnfromwhateverhappenstous.Situationsofsayingyes,●Somepeoplecannotchoosebutsayyes.●Otherpeoplemight__48__decidetosayyes.●Forusall,itwillbemuch__49__tosayyesifwekeepdoingso.Conclusion:__50__inlifecanbeacceptedwhetheritistoourtasteornot.【答案】41．Talking/Talk/Speaking/Speak42．used/accustomed　43.Cause(s)　44.Benefit(s)/Advantage(s)　45.change　46.believe　47.willing　48.naturally　49.easier　50.Everything\n