初中英语定语从句讲解课件 36页

初中定语从句讲解\nAmatchinggame！！！\nMatchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?\nIlikequietmusic.Ilikemusicthatisquiet.定语从句1.什么是定语从句？2.什么是先行词？3.什么是关系代词和关系副词？如何确定？4.如何把两个句子合并为一个定语从句？Thinkaboutit\n在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词后面。关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词（when,where,why)。关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词在句中作状语。\nIlikemusicthat/whichIcandanceto.先行词关系代词定语从句Ilikethesingerwhoisbeautiful.Ilikethemoviethatisfunny.找一找IstillrememberthefirsttimewhenImether.\nIhaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修饰先行词anapple\nIhavesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ihavesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friends\nIlikethemovie.Themovieisexciting.Ilikethemoviethatisexciting.that修饰先行词movie\nThewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.who修饰先行词woman\n关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why关系代词：指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）\n关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语)\nThisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.Practise:Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.2.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.which/that作主语.(不能省)（作主语）\nwhich/that作宾语：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I’vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI’vejustreceived.Practise:Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.()（作宾语）\n关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语)\nwho/that作主语.(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin./that\nwho/whom/that作宾语：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）Theboywho(m)I‘mlookingforismyfriend.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.\n小结：that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.who－指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。\n有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。That’sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.\nThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?\n5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.\nwhose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.\nAchild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.who’sD.which\n关系代词只能用which的情况1.关系代词前有介词时，引导词用whichThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunlived2.先行词本身是that时，引导词用which.Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime3.一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为了避免重复，一个用that，另一个用whichThisisthemonkeythatescapsfromthezoowhichisnew.\n注意：关系代词做定语从句的主语时，从句中的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致。IlikemusicthatisgentleIlikesingerswhowritetheirownlyrics.\n例句赏析~~~~\nIt’saninventionwhich/thatisusedforkeepingofftherain.\n《飘》It’sabookthat/whichwaswrittenbyMargaretMitchell.Gonewiththewind\nIt’stheWallthat/whichwasbuiltbyChinesepeople.\nIt’sananimalthat/which….\nIt’sananimalthat/whichhasbignose.\nExercise1:用关系代词填空Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that\n5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.\nExercise2.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.Sayall________youknow.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.\n4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat\n谢谢观赏~~~