初中英语定语从句总结课件 49页

定语从句\n定语从句概念:用句子修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句\nEverythingwastrue.wesawinthisfilmwastrue.合并为一个句子Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.\n先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when，why\n二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.\nHaveatry填写并指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.Theman_____cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl______ImetisLucy.()3.Achild________parentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook______youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语\n主语宾语定语指人whothatwhomthatwhose（ofwhom）指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose1.引导定语从句的关系代词\n如何选用定语从句的关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。\n1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who,指人，作定语从句的主语或宾语.（可以省略）Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语\n②whom，指人，作定语从句的宾语Thewoman（whom）theywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语\n③that，指人或物，可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.\nThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.如果介词提前，作宾语的关系代词不能省略指物，只用which指人,只用whomIsthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.\n④whose作定语从句的定语，修饰人或物.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语\n2.which,that，指物which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略\n3.只能用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.\n③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.\n④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.\n⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.\nFillintheblanks:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.thatthatthat//that//thatthatthat\n1.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.只能用which的情况\n1、非限制性定语从句中。eg.Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2、在介词之后。eg.Thisisahouseinwhichlivesanoldman.3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。eg.ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.\nHaveyougotit?\n由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom\n4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用whom\n7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan（孤儿）.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语\n10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语介词提前时只能用whichthat\n14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导\n16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导\n18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导\n21.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导\n23.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导\n24.Whoistheworker___tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which主句已有who或which时,只能用that引导\n句子翻译1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.\n3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.\n1.Heistheveryperson__Ilike.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Thisisthefirstplace___wevisitedlastyear.whichB.whatC.thatD.where3.Moneyisnottheonlything___ismissing.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose4.Thisis___Iwanted.A.theoneB.whatC.theonethatD.alltheabove5.Aclockisthat___tellsustime.A.thatB.whichC.itD.who6.Whoistheteacher__isworkingintheoffice?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which7.Ilikethingsandpersons___areinteresting.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whomDCBDBBB\n关系代词小结\n在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：1由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个成分，因此，要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是宾语等。2当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），that（做主语，宾语），whom（作宾语），whose（作定语）3当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），which（做主语，宾语）4在定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whom，指物时，介词后只用which。5在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who，指物时，只用which。\n关系副词\n关系副词When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=forwhich2.引导定语从句的关系副词\nwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==关系副词（when,where,why.\n“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋which”引导定语从句应注意：A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadhadsupper.onwhichduringwhichinwhichbywhich\nwhy在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=\nExercises:Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsandadverbs.1.Isthistheroom____youcleanedlasttime?2.Isthistheroom____welivedbefore?3.Thisisthegarden____theystayedforanight.4.Thisisthegarden____theyvisitedlasttime.5.Tomhasforgottentheday____helefthishome.6.Tomhasforgottentheday____Itoldhimlastday.7.Shestillrememberstheyear____shefoundherfirstjob.8.Shestillrememberstheyear____shespentinJining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat\nFillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.5.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/atwhichwhere/inwhich归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.\n1.I’llremembertheday_____Ispentwithmyfriend.2.I’llremembertheday__________Iwasborn.3.I’llremembertheday_________isspecialtome.4.Thisistheplace_________isquietandbeautiful.5.Thisistheplace______________Ilikeverymuch.6.Thisistheplace____________Iworkedforoneyear.7.That’sthereason_____________hetoldus.8.That’sthereason__________hecamelateforclass.用正确的关系词填空。that/which/Øonwhich/whenthat/whichthat/whichthat/which/Øinwhich/wherethat/which/Øforwhich/why\n汉译英1.我记得我出生的日子。2.这是我以前居住的房间。3.这就是我迟到的原因。句子翻译1.I’llrememberthedaywhen/onwhichIwasbornThisistheroomwhere/inwhichIlivedbeforeThat’sthereasonwhy/forwhichhecamelateforclass\n易错小结\nCorrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.who2.Whoisthemanthatyoujustshookhandswithhim.3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.(wherewhich)4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.(whichthat)5.Thehousewhereweliveinisnotverylarge.(wherewhich/that)6.Thehousethatitwasbuiltin1970stayedupintheearthquake.\n1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.归纳1定语从句要避免成分重复2定语从句要避免漏用先行词