初中英语专题六PPT课件 18页

专题六词汇运用热点考点·透视近几年中考对词汇的考查重点是：名词的复数及所有格的用法；序数词的构成及用法；形容词、副词的用法及其比较级、最高级的用法；人称代词主格和宾格的用法；名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法；动词的各种时态和语态。考查方式一般有四种：1.单词拼写；2.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空；3.用方框内所给选项的适当形式填空；4.根据首字母完成短文。\n方法技巧·点拨这个题型，主要考查单词的拼写形式。在做题时，首先要读懂题意，再按要求填写恰当的词性和词形。题型除了考查学生的基本功之外，还要求学生注意其涉及到的语法现象。\n典题分类·讲练类型1补全单词做此类题目首先要正确地写出所给汉语注释所对应的英语词汇，然后再从语法的角度来确定词汇的正确形式。如果所填的是名词，要注意名词的单复数形式；若是动词，则要考虑其时态和语态；如果所填的是形容词、副词，就要考虑其比较等级的形式。【例1】Thegirl________(花费)alotoftimecollectingstampslastyear.【解析】句意为：“去年这个女孩在收集邮票上花了许多时间”。故用spend的过去式形式。【答案】spent\n随堂演练1.（2011·浙江金华）Who’s________(高)，LucyorLily?答案：taller2.（2011·贵州铜仁）Wouldyoumind________(重说)yoursuggestions?Ididn’thearitclearly.答案：repeating3.（2011·广西桂林）—Doyouknowwhatthep________ofChinaisnow?—It’sover1.3billion.答案：population\n4.（2011·山东烟台）Ifthereweremoretreesontheearth，therewouldbel________pollution.答案：less5.（2011·山东泰安）You’dbetterkeepyourv________downwhentalkinginpublic.答案：voice6.（2011·山东济宁）Letme________(描述)howithappened.答案：describe\n类型2词类转换解此类题目，应着重从语法角度考虑。如是名词，一般考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。形容词和副词，这两类学生极其容易混淆，做题时要仔细分析，慎重选择究竟用哪一种词，并且要考虑它们的比较等级。若是动词，则要首先考虑其语态(主动和被动)和时态(八大时态)；其次是动词的变化形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。若是数词，则要根据语境确定用基数词还是序数词。如是代词，则要考虑人称代词的主格和宾格、名词性和形容词性的物主代词、反身代词；还要考虑所用词的单复数。\n\n\nB.（2011·辽宁沈阳）阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。Believeitornot:themoreTVyouwatch，the1.____(little)happi-nessyouget.Thisistheresultofanewstudy.ItshowsthatunhappypeoplewatchmoreTVthanhappypeople.Well，youmaysaythatyouenjoy2.________(watch)TV.Infact,TVgivesyouhappinessforashorttime,butunhappinessforalongtime.Why?Itisbecause，ifyouwatchTV，youcannottakepartinmanyothergood3.____________(activity)．Andsometimes，ifyouareunhappy,you4._________(usual)preferbeingacouchpotato(整天坐在沙发上看电视的人)，right?WatchingTVisrelaxingtoyou.Thenifyouwanttobehappy，whatshouldyoudo?Youcanreadnewspapers，visit5.________(you)friends，gotoparties,...butdon’twatchtelevisionallthetime.NowturnofftheTV，andtakeawalkoutside.It’sthe6.________(one)steptobeinghappy!lesswatchingactivitiesusuallyyourfirst\n类型3根据短文中的首字母填空此类题型除了要结合前面两种技巧外，还要考虑整篇文章的文意。【例3】根据短文内容填入适当的单词，使短文的意思完整。每格限填写一个英语单词，要求开头第一个字母与所给的字母相同。Allaroundtheworld，peopledrinktea.Butteadoesnot1.m__________thesamethingto2.e__________.Indifferentcountriespeoplehaveverydifferent3.i__________aboutdrinkingtea.\nInChinapeoplealwayshavetea4.t__________withtheirfriends.Theymaydrinkteaatanytimeoftheday.Theyonlyputtealeavesintheircups.They5.p________theteawith6.n_______elseinit.Teaisalso7.i________inJapan.Itisvery8.p__________there.Peopledrinkteaeveryday.ButtheyhaveitinawaydifferentfromthatinChina.IntheUSApeopledrinkteaatbreakfastorafter9.m______.Theyusuallyuseteabagstomaketheirtea.Makingteawithbagsisfasterand10.e________thanmakingitwithtealeavesinteapots.\n【解析】本题属于限词填空题。它将短文中若干个词抽出时留下该词的第一个字母作为提示和限制，要求根据短文的意思和首字母将单词拼写完整。解题时先跳过空格，通读全文。根据首句的意思，很快就能推测出本文的主题是关于茶文化的，不同的国家喝茶的时间和方式各不相同。理清文章的脉络和大意后再认真复读短文，利用空格所给的首字母提示结合上下文的内容，先确定所填词的意义，再考虑其正确的形式。比如第4空所在的句子，其内容是：在中国人们总是和朋友(一起)喝茶。\n根据句子意思加上空格上所给首字母t的提示，很容易判定所填的词为together。再比如第7空和第8空所在的两个句子，讲的是日本人喝茶的情况。根据后面的句子“日本人每天都喝茶”，可以反推茶在日本既重要又普及，再根据这两空所给的首字母i和p的提示，可以确定该填的词为important和popular。第9空填入meal时应考虑其复数形式。第10空填入easy时要考虑用其比较级，因为空格后有“than”提示了这是一个比较等级的句子。【答案】1.mean　2.everyone　3.ideas　4.together　5.prefer　6.nothing　7.important　8.popular　9.meals　10.easier\nA.（2011·江苏徐州）根据短文内容和所给的首字母，写出短文中所缺的单词，使短文完整、合乎情景。Hieveryone，I’vebeeninXuzhouforoveraweeknow.I’mhavinga1.g____time.Duringthefirst2.f____daysIvisitedsometouristattractions—YunlongLake，YunlongHill，GuishanHanTomb(汉墓)，etc.Most3.p____werecrowdedwithtourists，soyesterdayIwentshoppingandI4.b____somesouvenirs.TodayIwenttoaninterestingartgallery.Igotlostonmy5.w____backtothehotel，butitdidn’tmatter—Ifoundareallygoodmarket6.w____lotsofsmallshops.Iateinthehotelthefirstnight，butusuallyIgooutandhavedinnerinarestaurant7.b____thefoodisfantastic.I’ve8.s____alotofmoney，butit’scertainlyworthit.IlikepeopleinXuzhou.Theyare9.s____nicepeople!I’vetakenmanyphotossoyou’llbeabletosee10.f____yourselfwhenIcomebackhomenextWednesday.Seeyouthen!答案：1.good　2.few　3.places　4.bought　5.way6．with7.because　8.spent　9.such　10.for\nB.（2011·江苏南京）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。Asweknow，museumsarebuildingwheremanyvaluableandimportantobjectsarekeptsothatpeoplecangoandseethem.Forexample，artmuseumsareplaceswherepeoplecanlearnabout1.v____cultures.Moreandmorepopular“designmuseums”thatareopeningtoday，however，performquiteadifferentrole.2.U____mostartmuseums，thedesignmuseumshowsobjectsthatareeasilyfoundinourdailylife，suchasfridgesandwashingmachines.\nThe3.a____ofdesignmuseumsisthattheyareplaceswherepeoplefeelfamiliarwiththeexhibits(展品)．Beingdifferentfromtheartmuseumvisitors，designmuseumvisitors4.s____feelfrig-htenedorpuzzled.Thisispartlybecausedesignmuseumsclearlyshowhowandwhymassproducts(批量产品)workandlookastheydo，andhowdesignhas5.i____thequalityofourlives.Artmuseumexhibits，ontheotherhand，wouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthatthereissomething6.b____theirunderstanding.\nSeveralnewdesignmuseumshaveopenedtheirdoorsin7.r____years.Eachofthesemuseumshastriedtosatisfy(满足)thepublic’sgrowinginterestinthefieldwithnew8.i____.London’sDesignMuseum,forexample,showsacollectionofmassproducedobjectsfromelectrictypewriterstoagroupofItalianfishtins.Thechoicesopentodesignmuseumsseem9.f____lessstrictthanthosetoartmuseums,andvisitorsmayalsosense(感觉到)thehumorouspartofoursocietywhilewalkingaroundsuchexhibitsasinterestingandunusuallyattractivetoys10.c____fromoureverydaylife.\n答案：1.various　2.Unlike　3.advantage　4.seldom　5.improved　6.beyond　7.recent　8.ideas9．far　10.collected温馨提示：请用活页作业