初中代词教案 8页

代词一、考点、热点总结知识点1．人称代词和it的用法知识点2．物主代词和指示代词的用法知识点3．反身代词的用法代词：是用来代替名词的词。它是英语语法结构中的一个重要词类，也是测试的重点内容之一。常见考点有：人称代词的主宾格及其句法功能；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法和区别；指示代词的用法；反身代词的用法及其语法功能；不定代词的用法；例1：人称代词和it的用法人称代词指表示“你，我，他”等人称的代词，它有单复数，性别及主格与宾格的变化。人称代词主格在句中充当主语，人称代词宾格在句中应放在动词或介词后充当宾语；人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Iwe第二人称youyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheitit1、人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。（1）单数人称并列作主语时，其顺序为：“你，她（他），我”。但承认错误的时候将I或We置于最前面。You,sheandIallenjoymusic.我，你和她都喜欢音乐。Iandhearewrong.我和他都错了。（2）复数人称并列作主语时，其顺序为：“我们，你们，他们”。\nWe,youandtheyshouldreturnontime.我们，你们和他们应该按时回来。2、人称代词的宾格在句子中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语。Myparentslikeherverymuch.我父母非常喜欢她。What’swrongwithhim?他怎么了？练习：Lookatthephoto.Thegirlbeside_______isNancy.A.IB.myC.meD.mineIt的用法1、人称代词it通常指事物，也可指不知性别的人或婴儿。--Where’steagrown?什么地方种植茶？--It’sgrowninthesoutheastofChina.中国东南部种植。Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.那个婴儿在哭，它可能是饿了。2、it还可以指天气，时间，距离等。It’sverycoldtoday.今天非常冷。It’steno’clocknow.现在是10点钟。3、It还有一些特别的用法（1）用作形式主语，常用于“It’s+形容词（+for/ofsb.）+todo”句型中。It’sveryimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.（2）用作形式宾语，用来代替动词不定式或从句，常用在动词make,find等后。Ifoundithardtoflyakite.练习：_______isimpolitetocutinlinewhenyouarewaitingforabus.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.Which例2：物主代词和指示代词的用法物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。其各种形式如下表单数复数\n类别第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourHisHeritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHisHersitsoursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词后面要接名词，而名词性物主代词后面则不接名词.Ilikemypen.Idon’tlikehers.练习：—Isthat_______dog?—No,________iswhite.A.his;HisB.Her;ItsC.he;hisD.her;Her指示代词是用来指示人或事物的代词，主要有this,that,these,those等。在句中做主语，表语，宾语。1.this,these指时间或空间上较近的人或事物；that,those指较远的人或事物。ThisisamapofChinaandthatisamapoftheworld.2.that,those指代上文提到的人或事物；this,these指代下文将要叙述的人或事物。Thosearethebookswhichmaybeusefultoyou.\n1.用来询问敲门的人是谁。Who’sthat/it?练习：Shehadacoldyesterday.________iswhyshedidn’tcometowork.A.ThisB.ThoseC.TheseD.That例3：反身代词的用法反身代词是一种表示反身或强调的代词。它由第一人称，第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称宾格，加上-self或-selves构成。人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称HimselfHerselfitselfthemselves1、反身代词在句中一般用作宾语，同位语，不可单独做主语，也可作并列主语的后一部分。反身代词作宾语时常用在enjoy,teach,help,buy,wash,lookafter等动词及一些介词后。ThechildrenteachthemselvesEnglish.2、常用于固定搭配中enjoyoneself玩的愉快learn...byoneself自学dressoneself穿衣helponeselfto随便吃byoneself独自foroneself亲自练习：1.Eachofthestudentsisgoingtohave________examinedbeforegraduation.A.heB.himC.himselfD.His2.IguessTomandhissisterCeliaenjoyed________attheparty.A.myselfB.himselfC.herselfD.themselves补充：\n（一）few,afew,little和alittle(1)few和afew用来修饰或代替可数名词，其中afew表示肯定，“有一点”，few表示否定，“几乎没有”。Afewpeoplecanliveto100,butfewcanliveto150.（2）little和alittle则用来修饰或代替不可数名词，其中alittle表示肯定，“有一点”；little表示否定，“几乎没有”。Thereisalittletimeleft.Hurryup!Bobcouldn’tbuythedictionarybecausehehadlittlemoneyonhim.(3)alittle可修饰形容词或副词的原级和比较级。Thatisalittleexpensive.Yourworkisalittlemorethanmine.（二）another,other(s)和theother(s)(1)another可单独使用，泛指三者或三者以上的“另一个”，也可修饰单数可数名词，还可后接“大于一的基数词+复数名词”。Therearethreepensonthedesk.Oneisred,anotherisyellow,thethirdisblack.SomeplayerswillstayinCanadaforanothersevendays.(2)other可单独使用但必须与the连用，表示”两者或部分中的另一个或部分”，也可修饰名词。Theother可用来表示“两个人或物中的另一个”，含有特指的意味。OneofmybrothersisnamedTony,theotherisJohn.(3)others相当于“other+名词复数”，表示“另外的一些...（并非全部）”，单独使用；theothers相当于“theother+名词复数”，单独使用，特指另外的全部人或物。Someofthemarered;othersarebrown.Twentyoftheclassareboys,theothersaregirls.一、典型例题例（一）1.Myparentscan’tgotoseethefilmtonightbecause_____arebusy.A.himB.themC.theyD.he\n2.Sallyisacuteandlovelygirl.Wealllike_____.A.sheB.herC.hersD.his3.Mostyoungpeoplefind_______excitingtowatchafootballmatch.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one4. ---Mom, Iwanttoaskmygrandpaaquestion.---Oh! _______ isreadinganewspaperupstairs.A. HeB. His C. HimD. Himself 5.---IsthisSam’sbikeoryours?---It’smybike,not _______.A. yoursB. him C. hisD.he6.Sorry._______madeyouangry.A.JohnandIB.IandJohnC.MeandJohnD.Johnandwe7.welikeMrGreenbecauseheoftentells_______funnystoriesinclass.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours8.I’mgoskating.Wouldyouliketogowith_______?A.meB.IC.myD.mine9.---Ihaven’tgotadigitalcamera.---Ithinkyoushouldbuy _______. It’susefulforyou.A. oneB. this C. thatD. it 10.Thisisn’tmydictionary.Ileft_______athome.A.myB.mineC.ID.Me例（二）1._____policeofficersintheUKcarryguns,butmostofthemdon’t.A.NoB.SomeC.ManyD.All2.Thisisaveryoldsong,so_________youngpeopleknowit.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle3.Therearen’tmanyorangeshere,butyoucantake_________ifyouwantto.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little4.ShanghaiWaihuanTunnelisalreadyopentotraffic,soitwilltakeus___________timetogotoPudongInternationalAirport.A.afewB.fewerC.alittleD.less5.Inordertokeephealthy,youshouldeat_______fastfood,_______freshvegetablesandtakeenoughexercise.A.fewer/fewerB.less/moreC.fewer/moreD.less/less\n6.Canwedoourworkbetterwith_________moneyand______people?A.less/fewB.less/fewerC.little/fewerD.few/less7.There’sno_____waytodoit.A.otherB.theotherC.anotherDothers8.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime.______liketotravel.A.OtherB.TheothersC.OthersD.Another9.Thiscakeisdelicious!CanIhave_______piece,please?A.otherB.anotherC.othersD.theother10.Therewerethreebooksonmytable.Oneishere.Whereare___?A.othersB.theothersC.theotherD.another一、课后练习（一）选择题1.Theycomefromdifferent______A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys2.Howmany______doyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato3.Thereare_____birdsinthatbigtree.A.hundredsofB.fivehundredsofC.fivehundredofD.hundredof4.Iliketoeatcakewith______.A.cherriesB.cherryC.cherrys5.Thoughitrainedheavily,____werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.Themselves6.Tomand____willgotoseeourteacher,for___isill.A.I;she.B.me;sheC.I;herD.me;her7.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports:somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,and_____likeballgames.A.theothersB.othersC.theotherD.other8.Therearetwenty-eightstudentsintheclass.Tenofthemaregirlsand_____areboys.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.other（二）用所给词的正确形式填空1.The___________areplayingfootballnow.(child)\n2.Therearesome______________(goose)intheriver.3.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,________________isblack.(other)4.Therearealotofpeopleinthepark.Somearewalking,somearelookingattheflowers,someareboating,_____________arerunning.(other)5.Thoseshoesarea_________bigforme.(less)