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初中语法专题:宾语从句(课件)适用年级:初三年级注:本课件可播放动画(点击),练习题有参考答案\n初中语法专题:宾语从句(课件)【概念】宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。【考点扫描】初中对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:1.宾语从句的引导词选择;2.宾语从句的语序;3.宾语从句的时态。\n知识点一:宾语从句的三种类型和引导词的选用:根据宾语从句引导词的选用类型不同,宾语从句分为三类:类型一:由that引导的宾语从句。类型二:由疑问词(如who)引导的宾语从句。类型三:由if或whether引导的宾语从句。\n类型之一:由that引导的宾语从句。that只起引导作用,没有具体含义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如:1)Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.2)Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.\n类型之二:由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些词都充当成分,有具体含义。例如:1)Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?2)Ican’tunderstandwhatyousaid.\n类型之三:由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中都是“是否”的意思,它们只起引导作用,不充当成分。例如:1)Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere.2)HeaskedmewhetherIcouldhelphim.\n补充:引导词whether和if的用法区别。在正式文体中,下列情况不用if,而要用whether来表示“是否”:后有ornot;2).后紧跟不定式;练习题:(1).Doyouknow____hehascomebackornot?A.ifB.weatherC.whetherD.how(2).Theyhavenotdecided____tobuythehouse.A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.whether.\n知识点二.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序(即:从句中的主语在前,谓语动词在后)。宾语从句里,即使有疑问词,也应该注意:从句的主语在前,谓语动词在后,且不需要加助动词来构成倒装。例如:1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?2)PleasetellmewhereTomlives.\n语序随堂练习题1).Iwanttoknow____thedayaftertomorrow.A.whatwillhedoB.whathewilldoC.hewilldowhatD.whatdoeshedo2).Couldyoupleasetellme_____?A.wheredoyouliveB.howoldareyouC.whatdoesTomdoD.whenKatecamehere\n语序随堂练习题(参考答案)1).Iwanttoknow_B___thedayaftertomorrow.A.whatwillhedoB.whathewilldoC.hewilldowhatD.whatdoeshedo2).Couldyoupleasetellme__D___?A.wheredoyouliveB.howoldareyouC.whatdoesTomdoD.whenKatecamehere\n知识点三.宾语从句的时态时态考点一:如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句根据动词发生的情况确定用什么时态(但不能用过去将来时和过去完成时)。如:1)Ithink(that)Jimiscleaninghisroomnow.2)IthinkTomwashereyesterday.3)Iwanttoknowifwewillvisittheparktomorrow.\n时态考点二:如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:1)Heaskedwhattimeitwas.2)Hetoldmethathewaspreparingfortheexam.3)HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.4)HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.\n时态考点三:如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,宾语从句的时态常用一般现在时。如:1)OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.2)Mr.Litoldmeyesterdaythattheearthturnsaroundthesun.\n时态考点四:以would,could为句首的疑问句是一种礼貌的用法,并不是表过去时态,则宾语从句可以用现在有关时态。例如:CouldyoutellmewhereTomlives?你能告诉我Tom住在哪里吗?\n知识点四、“翻译题”解题技巧:宾语从句和疑问词+todo结构(又叫不定式复合结构)解题技巧分析:从结构上看,由于宾语从句的结构中有主语和谓语的变化,翻译时往往比不定式复杂,在做翻译填空题时,可以根据空格数来确定选用什么结构!空格多,往往用宾语从句;空格少,用不定式复合结构的可能性大。\n随堂练习:翻译填空:1,我不知道哪里能买到这种书。1)Idon’tknow___________________________thiskindofbook.2)Idon’tknow_____________________thiskindofbook.2,你能告诉我怎样解答(workout)这道数学题吗?1)Canyoutellme__________________________outthismathsproblem?2)Canyoutellme_____________________outthismathsproblem?\n随堂练习:翻译填空(参考答案):1,我不知道哪里能买到这种书。1)Idon’tknowwhereIcanbuythiskindofbook.2)Idon’tknowwheretobuythiskindofbook.2,你能告诉我怎样解答(workout)这道数学题吗?1)CanyoutellmehowIcanworkoutthismathsproblem?2)Canyoutellmehowtoworkoutthismathsproblem?\n巩固练习题一:选择题()Hesaysthat_________.A.hewouldgotoBeijingB.hewillgotoBeijing2.()Iwanttoknow______yesterday.A.whatdidshedoB.whenshecameback()Hetoldmethathe_______tomorrow.A.willcleanhisroomB.wouldcleanhisroom4().MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2008.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived5().Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame6().Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave\n巩固练习题一:选择题(参考答案):1.(B)Hesaysthat_________.A.hewouldgotoBeijingB.hewillgotoBeijing2.(B)Iwanttoknow______yesterday.A.whatdidshedoB.whenshecameback3.(B)Hetoldmethathe_______tomorrow.A.willcleanhisroomB.wouldcleanhisroom4(D).MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2008.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived5(D).Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame6(B).Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave\n巩固练习题二:翻译句子1,他们还没决定在哪里建新医院。(1)Theyhaven’tdecided__________________________thenewhospital.(2)Theyhaven’tdecided________________________thenewhospital.2,他们不知道下一步做什么.(1)Theydon'tknow________________________itnext.(2)Theydon’tknow__________________________itnext.3,我不知道什么时候前往上海。Idon’tknow__________________leaveforShanghai.\n巩固练习题二:翻译句子(参考答案)1,他们还没决定在哪里建新医院。(1)Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretheywillbuildthenewhospital.(2)Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretobuildthenewhospital.2,他们不知道下一步做什么.(1)Theydon'tknowhowtodoitnext.(2)Theydon’tknowhowtheywilldoitnext.3,我不知道什么时候前往上海。Idon’tknowwhentoleaveforShanghai.\n初中语法专题:宾语从句(课件)适合年级:初三年级制作者:王天武工作单位:湖南永州市五中国培网络班级:永州初中英语2班角色:辅导员\nThankyouforwatching谢谢观看!