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最新人教版高中英语必修五复习资料全套带答案必修5Unit1GreatestscientistsI.单元基础知识i.核心单词(1)vt.打败;战胜(2)n,专家;行家(3)v.照顾;参加(4)vt.建设(5)W.暴露;揭露(6)vt.吸收;吸引(7)讥.怀疑n.嫌疑犯(8)physiciann.(9)severeadj.(10)announcev.—>announcern.(11)blamevt.&n.(12)instructvt.—instructionsmdj.instructive2•高频短语(1)除……Z外(2)为……负责(3)有意义,讲得通(4)对......严格(5)beabsorbedin(6)makeupone'smind(7)makeroomfor(8)putforward3•重点句型(1)itscauseitscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解对它的治疗。(2)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.因此每一次暴发(霍乱)都会有成千上万恐慌的人死去。\n(1)Heknewthatcholerawouldbecontrolleditscausewasfound.他知道,在找到病源z前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。thewater(2)Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowthesourceofallsupplies.为防止这种情况再度发生,约翰•斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。(3)Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystem他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上,而行星围绕着太阳转……I.考点精析及演练1.concludev.断定,推断出;得出结论;使结束,终止(end)【常见搭配】concludesth.(fromsth.)/that...(从)推断出,断定arriveat/rcach/comcto/drawaconclusion得出结论inconclusion总之;最后【语境填空】①从特朗普的演讲中你得出什么结论了?doyouthespeechofTrump?②他以一句名言“有志者,事竟成"结束了他的演讲。Heafamoussaying"Wherethereisawill,thereisaway".2.absorbvt.吸收;并入,并吞;吸引;使专心;理解,掌握absorbedadj.聚精会神的;专心致志的【常见搭配】absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意absorboneselfin(=beabsorbedin)全神贯注于,专注于【用法检测】Shewassoinworkthatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedooratall.A.attractedB.absorbedC.drawnD.devoted3.blamevt,责备;谴责;把归咎丁n.过失;责备【常见搭配】blamesb.forsth.因某事而责备某人blamesth.onsb.把某事怪到某人头上\nbetoblame(for...)应承担责任;该受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)\n【用法检测】Itwastheboy,ratherthanhisteachers,thatforwhattheboyhaddone.A.weretoblameB.weretoblamedC.wastoblameD.wastobeblamed4.contributevt.&w•.捐献;捐助;造成;贡献;投稿contributionn.【同义词】contributeto,resultin,bringabout,leadto【常见搭配】contribute...to…把贡献给;把投稿给contributeto有助于;导致(=resultin/leadto)makeacontribution/contributionsto对作出贡献/捐款【用法检测】(1)Variousfactorscontributedtohisdownfall.hisdownfall.=Variousfactors///(2)Overeatingandlackofregularexerciseeasilyoverweightandh迫hbloodpressure.A.resultfromB.livewithC.consistofD.contributeto5.putforward提议,提出;拿出;推荐【同义词】comeupwith,raise,propose,present常见put短语:putaside忽视;不理睬;储存putin放入;插话putout扑灭putupwith忍受putaway将收起;积蓄putoff延期(delay/postpone/hangup)putthrough接通电话;完成;使经受putup搭建,提供住宿,举起【用法检测】(l)Farwaterdoesn'tnearfire.(远水救不了近火。)(2)EncouragechildrentosomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyChristmaspresents.(3)TheassociationhastheeventuntilOctober.6.apart/asidcfrom除之外;此夕卜表示“除......Z外叩勺表达:apartfrom/asidefrom除之外(还有/没有),根据上下文的不同,可以分别相当于besides,except或exceptfbr0\nbesides=inadditionto除之外(还,也),常与also,more,other等连用。except除外(都),表示在整体中排除。exceptfor除……以外,其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的,是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方而。【用法检测】(1)A11thestudentstookpartinthesportsmeetingTom.(2)Weneedthreemorechairsthesetwo.(3)theending,it'sareallygoodfilm.6.“with+宾语+现在分词”复合结构常在句中作状语(1)该结构中,宾语与现在分词体现出来的动作Z间是主动关系。若为被动关系,则用过去分injo⑵在with的复合结构中,除了可加和v・ed做宾语补足语外,述可以由名词、代词、形容词、副词和介词短语充当。女口:©Thecarelessclerkwasfinedbecausehelefttheofficeyesterdaywiththelightson.②WithTrumpthenewpresident,weareallastonished.(1)Withabookinhand,theteacherbegantheclass.(3)翻译:当你步入校园,在你面前是一个种着各种花草的大花坛。Whenyouenterthecampus,infrontofyouisalargeflowerbed7.everytimeconj.每当的吋候这是名词用作连词的用法,引导一个时间状语从句,相当于whenevero类似的名词引导时间状语从句的还有:eachtime,anytime,thelasttime,nexttime,thefirsttime,themoment,thesecond,theminute,thehour,theday等。【典例助记】①Don'tcomebleatingtomeeverytimesomethinggoeswrong.不要一有问题就跑来向我哭诉。②Thesecondthebellrang,thestudentsdashedoutoftheclassroom.铃声一响,学生都跑出了教室。8.onlyif只有……才;“only+状语从句”放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装。[课本原句]Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有你把太阳放在中心位置,太空中其他行星的运动才能说清楚。\n【用法辨析】易混词组解析例句onlyif只要,只有,通常引导陈述语气的真实条件句,是必要条件Onlyifyoustudyhardwillyoupasstheexam.只有努力学习,你才会通过考试。ifonly但愿,要是……就好了,常引导虚拟语气的条件句Ifonlyhehadn'tdrivensofast!要是他开得没那么快就好了!【用法检测】1failedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythentheimportanceofstudies.A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC-hadIrealizedD.didIrealizeIII•语法——过去分词(一)过去分词作定语、表语1.过去分词作定语【自我归纳】分析句子归纳用法。Papercutsusedforreligiouspurposesarcoftenfoundintemples.在寺庙中经常发现用于宗教n的的剪纸。过去分词作定语吋,表示的动作在(1)之前发生,已经完成并具有⑵意义。此时,作定语的过去分词一般是由⑶动词变来的,因为只有此类动词才有被动意义。注意事项:过去分词与动词■加g形式作定语时的区别:动词■加g形式作定语时与所修饰的名词z间是主动关系,表示动作正在进行;而过去分词作定语时,则表示被动或完成意义。女口:MrSmith,tiredoftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.史密斯先生厌倦了令人厌烦的演讲,开始看起了小说。2•过去分词作表语【自我归纳】分析句子归纳用法。Tomwasastonishedtoseehisfather.见到父亲,汤姆很震惊。过去分词作表语时,与谓语动词构成⑴结构,表示主语的性质、特征和\n(2)o注意事项:有些动词如interest,worry,sinprise,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况,用动词■加g形式来说明物的情况。女口:ThebookisinterestingandFminterestedinit.这木书非常有趣,我对它很感兴趣。【用法检测】(1)Thcbookbyhimisverypopular,(write)他写的那本书很受欢迎。(1)WhenIopenedthewindow,Ifoundthatthegroundwassnow,(cover)当我打开窗子,我发现地上覆盖着雪。⑶Shelooked(disappoint).她显得很失望。(3)I'mcallingtoinquireaboutthepositioninyesterday'sChinaDaily.A.advertisedB.tobeadvertisedC.advertisingD.havingadvertisedIV.单元话题作文运用本单元的短语和句型把下而的段落翻译成英文,并背诵。在历史的长河中,科学家为这个世界作出了巨大的贡献。在我看来,科学家就是那些对工作严格要求并且总是专注于他们所做的一切的人。一个优秀的科学家从不妄下结论。相反,他对每一个结论都很谨慎,所以他一次又一次地做实验去试验他所提出的理论。科学家们牢记心中:如果一个理论不能对暴露于无法预料的危险中的世界有帮助,那是毫无意义的。此外,好的理论应该是基础,其他的想法可以在此基础上建造。正因为如此,我们发现科学家一生奉献给一个普适的理论并不罕见。参考答案I.单元基础知识I.核心单词(1)defeat(2)expert(3)attend(4)construct(5)expose(6)absorb(7)suspect⑻内科医生(9)严重的;严厉的(10)宣布,通告;播音员(11)责备;谴责(12)命令,指导;指示,说明;有教育意义的,有启发的2•高频短语(1)apartfrom(2)beresponsiblefor(3)makesense(4)bestrictwith(5)全神贯注于(6)下定决心(7)为......腾出空间(8)提出3•重点句型(1)Neither;nor(2)everytimetherewasanoutbreak(3)never/not;until\n(1)suggested(that);(should)beexamined(5)withtheplanetsgoingrounditI.考点精析及演练1.①What;concludefrom②concludedhisspeechwith2.B句意:她如此专注于工作,以至于完全没有听到有人在敲门。beabsorbedin/bedevotedto...专心致力于……,全神贯注于……。本题四个选项中容易误选devoted,因此提醒考生需要注意介词的搭配。3.C句意:这个男孩而非他的老师们应该为他所做的事负责。在题目中含有一个强调句型结构,句子的主语是theboy,空中所填内容应当表示“应受责备”故而选用betoblame0本题中虽然boy与blameZ间是动宾即被动关系,但是要特别注意此处toblame用主动形式表示被动含义。这也是blame—词的常考点,须引起足够的重视。同时,也兼顾到主谓一致,ratherthan连接两个并列主语时,其后谓语动词应与第一个主语在单复数上保持一致。4.(1)resultedin/broughtabout/ledto/wereresponsiblefor/caused⑵D句意:吃得过多和缺乏体育锻炼容易导致肥胖和高血压。resultfrom源于;livewith和牛活;consistof由组成;contributeto导致。5.(l)putout(2)putaside(3)put;off6.(1)except/apartfrom(2)besides/apartfrom/inadditionto(3)Apartfrom/Exceptfor7.withvariousflowersandgrassesplanted.9.D。句意:上学期我期末考试没有及格,只有在那个时候我才意识到了学习的重要性。本题屮onlythen位于句首,构成部分倒装结构,而我们考虑到then所指时间应为没有通过期末考试的时候,故而应该用一般过去时。II.语法【品句归纳】1.(1)谓语动作(2)被动(3)及物2.(1)系表(2)状态【用法检测】(l)written(2)coveredwith(3)disappointed(1)Ao句意:我打电话来是想询问一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘职位的情况。空格处部分作position的定语,与position在逻辑上是被动关系,根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”,表示被动及完成。III.单元话题作文Throughouthistory,scientistshavemadegreatcontributionstotheworld.Inmyopinion,scientistsarethosewhoarestrictintheirworkandarealwaysabsorbedineverythingtheydo.Agoodscientistneverjumpstoaconclusion.Instead,heiscautiousofeveryconclusionhedrawssothathedoesexperimentsagainandagaintotestthetheoryhehasputforward.Scientistskeepitinmindthatatheorymakesnosenseifitcan'thelptheworldthatisexposedtounexpecteddangers.Inaddition,agoodtheorymustbeabaseonwhichotherideascanbebuilt.Becauseofthis,it'snotrareforustofindscientistswhodevotealltheirlivestoauniversaltheory.必修5Unit2TheUnitedKingdomI.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)讥.完成;达到;实现(2)/?.机会;时机⑶M澄清;阐明\n(2)n.矛盾;冲突⑸壮丽的,辉煌的,极好的(1)讥.筹备;安排;整理一>n.安排(2)convenience-^adj.(3)description—>vA(4)consistvi.-^consistentadj.(5)delightn.vt.—delightedadj.—^delightfuladj.(6)enjoyableadj.-^enjoymentn.—enjoyvt.(7)educationaladj.—educationn.teducatevt.2•高频短语(1)由…组成(2)提及,谈到⑶(机器、车辆)坏(4)为了纪念(5)makealistof(6)breakaway(from)(7)leavefor(8)on(special)occasions3•重点句型(填空)(1)Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasinChina,theyhaveworld-fomousfootballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!虽然,英国任何一个城市都不像中国的城市那样大,但是它们拥有世界著名的足球队,有的城市甚至有两支!(2)Totheircreditthefourcountriesinsomeareas,buttheystillhaveveiydifferentinstitutions值得赞扬的是,这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作;但是有些制度仍然区别很大。(3)theindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.真遗憾这些建在19世纪的工业城市并不吸引游客。(4)Itlookedsplendid!刚建成的吋候,它看起来真是金碧辉煌。\n(1)themanwhohaddevelopedcommunisminLondon.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过,并且在伦敦去世。II.考点精析及演练1.consistvi.组成(form);在于(lie);一致consistentadj.一致的【同义短语】consistof=becomposedof=bemadeupofconsistof由组成(不用于被动语态和进行吋。)consistin(=liein)在于;存在于beconsistentwith与一致的;符合的【用法检测】Thisclubconsistsofeightmembers.(1).(用bemadeupof改写句子)(2).(用becomposedof改写句了)2.conveniencen.方便;便利;便利的事物【常见搭配】atone'sconvenience在某人方便时fortheconvenienceof为了方便ifconvenient如果方便的话Itisconvenientforsb.todo...对某人来说做某事很方便。特别提醒:(1)不能说sb.beconvenient,而应用it作形式主语,即Itisconvenientforsb.todo...o(1)convenience意为“方便;便利"时为不可数名词;表示“便利的事物;便利设施"时为可数名词。3.arrangev.安排;筹备;整理;排列;布置【常见搭配】arrangetodosth.安排做某事arrangewithsb.todosth.与某人安排好做某事arrangeforsb.todosth.安排某人做某事makearrangements/anarrangementfor...为做安排\n特别提醒:不能说arrangesb.todosth.;arrange后跟that从句时,从句中谓语动词用"(should+)动词原形”。【用法检测】Noweverythingforthecomingceremony①(已布置完毕).Ihave②(安排陈师傅开车去接)theexpertsattheairport.Afterthat,Fmto③(安排接见)Di*.Wang.1.delight•高兴;令人高兴的事;乐趣;必使高兴;使欣喜adj.delighted高兴的,欣喜的delightful令人高兴的,令人欣喜的【常见搭配】delightin(doing)sth.以(做)某事为乐bedelightedatsth./todosth.为(做)而高兴takedelightin以为乐with/indelight高兴地toone'sdelight=tothedelightofsb.=Whatdelights/delightedsb.is…使某人高兴的是【用法检测】(1)Thebabytakesgreatdelighttouchingthelittledog.(2)Todelight/Tothedelighthim,hewasalsoinvitedtothe(delight)party.(3)Shewasrather(delight)thathereturned,safeandsound(安然无恙).2.breakaway(from)挣脱(束缚);脱离;打破【常见搭配】"break+副词"breakdown岀故障;垮掉;失败breakup粉碎;解散;衰落;分手breakthrough取得突破;克服breakinto破门而入;突然开始breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发;突然开始(breakoutdoingsth.)【用法检测】(1)Hiscaronhiswaytowork.(2)Hishouselastnight.Luckily,nothingwasmissing.(3)Thethiefthepolicemanandranaway.\n1.find+宾语+宾语补足语【课本原句]NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.如今只要有人提起英格兰,你就会发现威尔-上也是包括在内的。句型分析:在此句中,find接复合宾语,宾语是Wales,宾语补足语是included,宾语补足语和宾语之间构成被动关系。如果宾语补足语和宾语之间构成主动关系,则宾语补足语部分的分词应用v-ing形式。作宾补的可以是名词、代词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语等。【用法检测】(1)Whenhearrived,hefoundallthework(finish).(2)Whenshewokeup,shefoundherself(lie)inhospital.(3)Wefindthestoryvery(interest).2.Itseems/ed+adj.+that...【句型解析】"Itseems/seemed+形容词+that・clause”句型中,当形容词为necessary,important,impossible,strange,natural,essential等时,从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用"should+动词原形",should可以省略。【拓展延仲】(1)It+seems(ed)(+tosb.)+that...(对某人来说)好像;似乎(2)seem(tobe)+adj.现在分词/过去分词/介词短语好像(3)seemtodo/bedoing/havedone好像要做/在做/己经做了(4)Itseemsasif...看样子好像(5)Thereseemstobe...好像有【用法检测】(1)Mycomputerbrokedownagain.Somethingseemed(go)wrongwithit.(2)Itseemsasifhe(be)inadream.&连词(when,unless...)+过去分词短语【句型解析】该句型是状语从句的省略表达,此处省去了itwas。省略条件为:当主从句主语一致或从句主语为it,且谓语包含be动词,可将从句中的“主语+be动词”一起省略。【用法检测】(1)一旦被听过,这首歌就会被永远记住。\n,thesongwillberememberedforever.(1)除非被邀请去发言,在会上你应该保持沉默。,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.9.辨析:one/theone/ones/theones/that/those/it(1)one代替上文提到的某个可数名词,表示泛指意义,一般指同类事物中的任何一个;而theone代替上文提到的某个可数名词单数,表示特指。(2)ones代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表泛指,一般指同类事物中的一些;而theones指代上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指。(3)that用来代替上文提到的名词,可以是可数名词单数形式,也可以是不可数名词,表示特指。如果代替可数名词单数形式,可以与theone互换。(4)those是that的复数形式,代替上文提到的可数名词复数形式,表示特指,可以与theones互换。(5)it代替前面的同一事物或同一个人。【典例助记】①Iwanttobuyahouse,onewithalargegarden.②Thevaseontheleftismorebeautifulthantheoneontheright.(2)ThecoffeeproducedinBrazilismorefamousthanthatinMexico.④Hisyoungersisteristallerthantheelderone.III.单元语法过去分词作宾语补足语【品句归纳】分析句子归纳用法。①Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproductsdevelopedaftergreateffort.经理很满意地看到在付出巨大努力之后有很多新产品被研发出来。②Welldressedthatevening,shehopedtomakeherselfnoticedattheball.那天晚上她穿得很漂亮,希望能使得自己在舞会上被注意到。英语里,用作宾语补足语的过去分词(短语)一般都表示被动或完成的意义,表明宾语所处的状态,宾语与宾语补足语之间常存在逻辑上的(1)O(2)动词see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,find,feel,notice等接过去分词(短语)作宾补时,表示“看到/听到/发现/感受到某事/某人被……”。\n⑶动词have,make,get,keep,leave等接过去分词(短语)作宾补时,表示“致使某事/某人被……"。表示“(4)"的动词order,want,wish,expect等接过去分词(短语)作宾补时,表示“要求/希望某事/某人被……注意事项:过去分词与现在分词、不定式作宾补的区别过去分词作宾补,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系;现在分词作宾补,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,其动作与谓语动作同时进行;不定式作宾补强调动作发牛的全过程,有吋也表示一个将来的动作。女口:①Wesawtheinjuredsenttohospitalshortlyaftertheaccident.我们看到在事故发生后,伤员很快被送到了更院。②Wesawhimcleaningthefallenleavesintheyardthismorning.今天早晨我们看见他在院子里扫落叶。【用法检测】(1)F11aboutthebreakthroughinourexperiment.我将随时向你报告有关我们实验的重要进展。(2)Hewokeuponlyto.他醒來发现他的汽车被偷了。(3)Youseldomhearrudewordsinthiscountry.在这个发达的国家里,你很少听到有人讲脏话。(4)Heraisedhisvoicesoasto.他提高嗓音以使别人能够听见他说话。IV.单元话题作文运用本单元的短语和句型把下面的段落翻译成英文,并背诵。没有其他的博物馆可以取代大英博物馆的地位,它吸引了来自世界各地的游客,这是没有必要争论的事实。大英博物馆由九个展览室组成,其中之一是中国室。它分为几个部分来展示中国的不同物品。当你环顾展览室,也许你会惊讶,英国居然从中国拿取了如此之多的宝物。你去参观博物馆时,如果没有足够的时间,或者你不想有任何遗漏,我唯一的建议是:你列个清单注明你想看的东西,并且在你参观期间睁大你的双眼。\n参考答案I.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)accomplish(2)opportunity(3)clarify(4)conflict(5)splendid(6)arrange;arrangement(7)便利,方便;convenient(8)描写,描述;describe(9)组成,—致;一致的(10)快乐,高喜悦;使高兴;高兴的;令人高兴的(11)令人愉快的;乐趣;欣赏,享受(12)教育的;教育,培养;教育2•高频短语(l)consistof(2)referto(3)breakdown(4)inmemoryof(5)列出…的清单(6)挣脱(7)动身去某地(8)在(特殊)场合3•重点句型(1)those(2)doworktogether(3)Itisapitythat(4)whenfirstbuilt(1)Itseemedstrangethat;shouldhavelivedanddiedII.考点精析及演练1・⑴①Thisclubismadeupofeightmembers②Thisclubiscomposedofeightmembers3.①hasbeenarranged②arrangedforMrChentopickup(3)arrangetomeet(3)delighted4.(1)in(2)his;of;delightful5.(1)brokedown6.(1)finished7・(1)tohavegone&(1)Oncelistenedto(3)brokeawayfrom(3)interesting(2)wasbrokeninto⑵lying(2)were(2)UnlessinvitedtospeakIII.语法【品句归纳】⑴动宾关系/被动关系(2)感官(3)使役(4)愿望;想法【用法检测】makehimselfheard\nIV.单元话题作文ThereisnoneedtodebateaboutthefactthatnoothermuseumcantaketheplaceoftheBritishMuseum,whichisanattractionfortouristsfromallovertheworld.TheBritishMuseumconsistsofnineshow-rooms,oneofwhichistheshow-roomofChina.ItisdividedintoseveralpartstodisplaydifferentobjectsfromChina・Whenyoulookaroundtheshow-room,itmayseemstrangetoyouthatBritainshouldhavetakensomanyvaluablethingsfromChina.Foryourvisitingthemuseum,ifyoudon'thaveenoughtimeavailableanddon'twanttoleaveoutanything,myonlysuggestiontoyouisthatyoumakealistofthethingsyouwanttoseeandkeepyoureyesopenduringthevisit.必修5Unit3LifeinthefutureI.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)constant(2)optimistic(3)recycle(4)greedy(5)adjustment(6)enormous(7)exhausted(8)n.动机(9)vt.容忍;忍受(10)n.效率;功效一>g妙效率高的;有能力的(11)/?.周围的事物;环境一>仇伉周围的—讥.围绕(12)n.定居;解决—v.定居;解决—心定居者2•高频短语(1)加速(2)看不见......(3)立刻,马上(4)提醒某人某事(5)(困境后)恢复;完全复原(6)puton(7)sufferfrom(8)takeup\n3•重点句型1.However,IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.然而,当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时,由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔,我看不见王平了。2.,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了,爬上床很快就睡着了。3."Putonthismask,"headvised,“ItTl“把这个面罩带上,"他告诉我,“它会使你感觉好些。-4-Sueinherbedroom.苏不敢在她的卧室里睡觉。3.typistsworkingonatypewriterorcomputer!postageorpostcodes!再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上工作了,再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了。II.考点精析及演练1.lackvi.&讥.缺乏;没有;n缺乏;短缺的东西lackingadj.缺乏;没有;匮乏;不足【同义表达】lack,belackingin,beshortof【常见短语】⑷lackoffood/money/skills缺乏食物/金钱/技能fbr/throughlackof因缺少nolackof充足的belackingin...在方面缺乏lackforsth.缺少某物【用法检测】(1)Helacksconfidence..(用lacking改写句子)(2)Morcandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesspace.A・insearchofB・inplaceofC・forlackofD・forfearof\n1.settlevt.使定居;使平静下来;安排;解决(问题等);结束(争端、纠纷等)\nM安家,定居,停留;平静下来settlement定居,解决settler定居者settled稳固的,固定的unsettled不安的;无人居住的【同义表达】settle,dealwith,copcwith,handle【常见短语】settledown定居,镇定下来settlein在定居;适应(新工作、坏境、居所)settleup付清欠款settleupon一致同意【典例助记】①Bothwantedtosettletheirscores.双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。②I'vesettledthatFlldropmedicineandtakeupphysics.我己决定放弃学医,开始学物理。③Bothwantedtosettletheirscores.双方都愿意捐弃前嫌。④Isettledforhim.我替他付了款。【用法检测】Evenanuprightofficialfindsithardtoafamilyquarrel.A.manageB.settleC.controlD.deal3.sightn.视力;景象;眼界;见解vt.看见;瞄准vi.瞄准;观看【近义表达】"看":look(at),see,watch,notice,view,observe,stare,glance【常见短语】catch/gain/gctsightof发现,看岀losesightof看不见,忘记atfirstsight乍看起来at(the)sightof一看见就beinsight看得见,在眼前outofsight,outofmind眼不见,心不烦。【用法检测】IfyouofMary,askhertocomeandseeme.A.losesightofC.areinthesightofB・catchsightofD.areatthesightof\n1.considerW.考虑;认为;考虑到;细想[同义表达】thinkabout/over,take・・.intoaccount/consideration【常见用法】considerdoingsth.考虑做considersb./sth.tobe/as认为某人/物是;把某人/物当作consider4-疑问词+todo思量consider+wh-clause认为/考虑到allthingsconsidered从各方面考虑起来,就各方面而言【用法检测】(1)A11things,wearedoingquitewell.从各方面考虑,我们做得相当好。(2)Theyhavebeenconsideringtheproblem.A.toworkoutB.workoutC.workingoutD.workedout2.instantadj.sL即的;立刻的;速食的;〃.瞬间;片刻n.instance实例,情况(forinstance例如)【同义表达】theinstant,themoment,theminute,thesecond,immediately,directly【常见用法】inaninstant立亥U,马上atthatinstant当时,那一亥0foraninstant片刻,一会儿instantly/theinstant一就(用作连词,引导时间状语从句)【用法检测】(1)Hestayedathisfriend^①(一会儿)andleftthere②(马上)•③(一就)hcgothome,heclosedthedoorandwaslostinthought.(2)Muchtomysurprise,shetearsshereadtheletter*.A.burstout;instantC.burstout;instantly【短语集锦】take常见短语B・burstinto;theinstantD.burstinto;instant占用6.takeup拿起;开始从事;继续;takechargeof负责,接管\ntakein吸收,理解,欺骗takeon承担;呈现;雇用;流行;具有takeover接管;接收takedown记下;拿下;拆下;病倒takeoff脱掉;起飞;成功【用法检测】(1)John'sbrotherhasdeterminedtofarmingwhenhegraduatesfromuniversity,whichdissatisfieshisparents.A.pickupB-setupC・takeupD.giveup(2)Someinsectsthecolouroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.A.takeinB.takeoffC.takeonD.takeoutII.语法一一过去分词作状语【品句归纳】仃)Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.(2)Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents,company(3)ConfUsedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.⑷Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.过去分词作状语时,表明动作发生的背景或情况,在意义上相当于一个从句,其省略的主语(逻辑主语)是的主语,且与主语之间存在关系。过去分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、方式、原因、让步等。过去分词的否定式是将not放在其(前/后)。注意:vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系,表示被动和完成;Vi过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。【具体用法】1.作原因状语,等于as/since/because引导从句。如:Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn'thelpcrying.=Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid・・・2.作时间状语,等于when引导时间状语从句,如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生,可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。如I:Askedwhathadhappened,hisfaceturnedred.=Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened...3.作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句。如:\nGivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.\n=Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention•…1.作方式或伴随状语,可改写为并列句。女口:Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.=Shesatbythewindow,andshewaslostinthought.2.作让步状语,相当于以though/although引导的让步状语从句。如:Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=Althoughhewasmuchtired,he•…特殊用法一一独立主格结构:当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时,分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。女口:①Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat・(cover巾勺主语是hisface,不是theboy)②Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvalue・(consider白勺逻辑主语不是yourarticle,而是allthings,分词与逻辑主语构成被动关系)【用法检测】找出下列句子的错误之处并加以改正。(1)Isatuntilaftereleven,beingabsorbedinabook.(2)Heguidedusthroughthenarrowstreetstothecentralmosque,welearnedalot.(3)Crossingtheroad,acarknockedhimdown.II.单元话题作文将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。提示:粗体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用find+宾语+宾补等结构。1.前几年我从事了不同的工作。2.为了做好工作,我要不断地作出调整。1.我努力给大家留下好印象。4•可是我发现难以忍受那些环境,然后就没有动力干下去了。5.从现在起,我将调整心态然后乐观地工作和牛活。\n参考答案I.单元基础知识1.核心单词1.(1)时常发生的;连续不断的(2)乐观(主义)的(3)回收利用(4)贪贪婪的;贪心的(5)调整;调节(6)巨大的;庞大的(7)筋疲力尽的;疲惫不堪的(8)motivation(9)tolerate(10)efficiency;efficient(11)surroundings;surrounding;surround(12)settlement;settle;settle2.高频短语(1)speedup(2)losesightof...(3)innotime(4)remindsb.of(5)bebackonone'sfeet(6)穿上,增加,上演,播放(7)遭受,患…病;受…之苦(8)拿起;接受;开始;继续3•重点句型(1)whatlookedlikealargemarket(2)Exhausted(3)makeyoufeelmuchbetter(2)darednotsleep(5)Nomore;Nomore\nI.考点精析及演练1.(1)Heislackinginconfidence.(2)C考查短语介词辨析。句意:Ft]于缺乏空间,在大城市里己经建起了越来越多的高层建筑。insearchof寻找,搜寻;inplaceof代替;forlackof由于缺乏;forfearofrtl于割白。2.B考查动词用法辨析。句意:清官难断家务事。manage设法完成某事;settle解决;control控制;deal处理,交易,份量。deal意义上符合,但用法上需加witho3.B根据句意,此处表示“看见”,强调的是动作,因此用catchsightofo4.(1)considered(2)C考查consider的用法,根据workout表达,可知应考查considerdoing结构。特别提解,consider后不能直接跟动词不定式。5.(1)①foraninstant②inaninstant③Theinstant/Instantly(2)Bburstinto接名词;burstout接v-ing形式;theinstant/instantly接从句,表示"一就6.(1)C考查短语动词辨析。pickup"捡起;接人;学会”;setup"建立";takeup"从事;开始”;giveup“放弃"。从句子的意思判断“毕业后从事农业”得出答案为takeup0(1)C考查动词短语辨析。句意:有些昆虫呈现它们周围环境的颜色来保护自己。takein吸收,收留,欺骗;takeoff脱下,起飞,腾飞;takeon呈现;takeout拿出。根据句意选择C。II.语法一一过去分词作状语【品句归纳】状语;主句;被动;前【用法检测】(1)去掉being(2)guided—guiding(3)Crossing改为HecrossingAVhcnhewascrossing;或acarknockedhimdown改为hewasknockeddownbyacar.III.单元话题作文Itookupdifferentjobsinthepreviousyears.Inordertodomyworkwell,Ihadtoconstantlymakeadjustments.ItriedtoleavegoodimpressionsbutoftenIfoundthesurroundingshardtotolerateandthenIlackedmotivationforthem.Fromnowon,Iwilladjustmyattitudeofmindandbeoptimisticaboutworkandlife.必修5Unit4MakingtheNewsL单元基础知识1.核心单词\J7\17\llz\J/X17\l7\JZ1234567z(xz(\z(\-z(xz(\Z(Kadj.快乐的;欣喜的adj.令人钦佩的讥.赞成;认可;批准W.帮助adv.故意土也vt.&集中vt.更新(8)必八彻底的,详尽的(9)n.职业(10)adj.热切的(11)meanwhileadv.(12)deadlinen.(13)casen.(14)chiefadj.n.(15)dilemman.(16)submitvt.(17)journalistn.\n(8)processvt.(9)publishvt.(10)eageradj.1.高频短语(1)依靠;依赖(2)因……指责或控告......(3)期待⑷对…持怀疑态度(2)getabsorbedin(3)settowork(4)haveanosefor(5)getsth.straight(6)cover/goonastory(7)getthewrongendofthestick2.重点句型(1)Nowdiscussinpairshowyouifyouajobonafamousnewspape匚现在互相讨论一下如果一家著名的报社给你提供了一份工作,你的感受如何。(2)ZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.周扬将永远不会忘记他在一家受欢迎的英语报社的第一次任务。(3)Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),hislifeasajournalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。(4)Iinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.我不仅爱好摄影,在上大学的吋候,我还上过摄影课来提高一下自己的技术呢!(5)Haveyoueverhadacase?你有没有遇到过这种情况:别人控告你的记者,说他(她)们的报道完全失实?II.考点精析及演练1.involvev.包含;需要;牵涉;涉及;使参加卷入[常见搭配]involve...in...使卷入;使专注于;使参加involvedoing…包含做be/getinvolvedin卷入;专注丁"be/getinvolvedwithsb.迷上了某人(=befascinatedby,beobsessedwith)[用法检测](1)We'llmakeourdecisionandcontactthepeople(involve).\n(1)Thetestwillinvolve(answer)questionsaboutaphotograph.(2)Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolves(spend)quitealotoftimewithstudents.2.informvt.告知;通知;了解;熟悉[常见搭配]informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事informsb.that...告知某人keepsb.informedof/about...通知某人关于;使某人知道beinformedof…听说;接到的通知[用法检测]⑴用inform的适当形式填空©Themanagerputupanoticetokeepthestaffofwhattodothisweek.②Fordetailed,consultTom,whowell.(1)Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.・(改为简单句)1.accusevt.控告;谴责;指责[常见搭配]accusesb.ofsth./doingsth.=chargesb.with...因扌旨责/扌旨控某人theaccused被告accusingadj.指责的;谴责的特别提醒:我们学习过的"动词+sb・+ofsth「啲短语还有:remindsb.of,robsb.of(夺去某人,抢某人),ridsb.of(使某人摆脱),informsb.of,convincesb.of(说服某人),curesb.of(治愈某人)等。[用法检测](1)Hereyeswerefixedonhim.(2)Thewasfoundinnocent.(3)Thiscompanyofusingmisleadingadvertisementsinitspromotionoftheweight-losspills.2.denyvt.否认,否定;拒绝承认;拒绝给予;节制[常见搭配]denydoing/that...否认做denysth.tosb./denysb.sth.拒绝给某人某物\nsb.bedeniedtherighttodo得不到的权利Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否认的是Itcan'tbedeniedthat…无可否认[用法检测](1)Americanwomen(deny)therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle.(2)Hedenied(take)ityesterday.(3)There9snodenyingheisthebestinthisfield.1.demandn.需求;要求;所需之物;W・强烈要求adj.demanding苛求的,要求高的,吃力的[常见搭配]demand(ofsb.)todo...要求(某人)做demanddoing/tobedone需要demandthat...(should)do…要求(从句用虚拟语气)satisfy/meetone'sdemands满足某人的需求ondemand一经要求indemand需要[用法检测](1)Strikeworkersdemanded(see)themanage匸(2)Mydemandisthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport(email)toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.(3)Hefoundhecouldnolongercopewithhis(demand)job.2.concentrateon集中;全神贯注于[同义表达]concentrateon,fixon,focuson,beabsorbedin,bedevotedto特别提醒:上述表达中的on/to/in皆为介词,其后接宾语,即加n./pron./v-ingo尤其要注意to在此作为介词,而非不定式符号,其后不接do。[常见搭配]\nconcentrateone'smind/attention/thoughts/effortson集中注意力于;专注于beconcentratedin/on/around…集中在;V匚集于focus/fixone'sattentionon/putone'smindto/putone'sheartinto/beabsorbedin/belostin/applyoneself/one^smindto专心于[用法检测](1)Concentrateyourattentiononyourstudyandyou,11succeed..(改为复合句)(2)Heconcentratedhismindonhisworkanddidn^tnoticemyappearance.①.(用with复合结构改写句子)②.(用独立主格结构改写句子)7.soasto(dosth.)为了(做某事);以便(做某事)[同义表达]soasto,inorderto,sothat,inorderthat[易混辨析]soasto,inorderto,sothat和inorderthat表达具体用法soasto多置于句中,表示目的。意为“为了……冷其否定形式为soasnottodoinorderto位于句首或者句屮均可,引导目的状语从句,意为“为了/以便……”;其否定形式是inordernottodosothat引导目的状语从句或者结果状语从句。表示目的时,其后从句中的谓语动词多含有情态动词may,might,can,could等inorderthat引导目的状语从句,从句中谓语动词多含有情态动词may,might,can,could等[用法检测]Inorderthatyoucankeepenergetic,youshouldexercisemore・—>Youshouldexercisemorekeepenergetic.III.语法:倒装句[品句归纳]仔细观察下列句子中的倒装的用法。(l)Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.只有当你获得内心的安宁以后,你才可以和别人保持良好的关系。(2)NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.莫言一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。(3)Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhatevertheylike.他们可以随心所欲的口子一去不复返了。语法归纳:在英语中,为了句子整体结构的平衡,或者说话者为了强调句子中的某些成分,往往釆用⑴o第1句中的助动词will出现在句子主语you的前面,这是由于“only+状语”置于句首吋,主句要用(2);第2句中位于句首的gone是句子的表语,are是句\n子的连系动词,而thedays是句子的主语,该句显然把“主一系一表"句型结构的语序(1),此处是为了强调。[要点一览]需要用完全倒装的情况(l)here,there,now,then等副词位于句首,谓语动词为be,come,go,lie,run且主语为名词时(这些词后接代词时不倒装,如Hereyouare.)⑵副词out,in,up,down,off等位于句首且主语为名词时(3)当表示地点的介词短语位于句首且主语为名词时(4)作表语的形容词、过去分词等位于句首时需要用部分倒装的情况(1)含有否定意义的副词或连词,如no,not,never,little,hardly,seldomtscarcely,barely,notuntil,neither...no匚notonly(装)…butalso…,nosoone匚..thari…,hardly...when...,innosense,innoway,innocase,bynomeans,onnoaccount/consideration,atnotime,undernocircumstances等位于句首时▲①有主从句存在的情况下,注意倒装出现在主句中,如:NotuntilIfailedintheexamdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.②在nosooner.・・than.・・,hardly/scarcely.・・when.・・中,前后时态不一致,一般前面用过去完成式(had+主语+v-ed.)后面用一般过去式。女口:HardlyhadIarrivedattheairportwhenIsawmydad.我一至lj机场就看到老爸了。(2)only修饰时间、地点、方式、原因等状语位于句首时⑶表示对前者的陈述也适用于后者,用so或neither/nor分别表示肯定或否定意义时NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.(4)as/though引导的让步从句中的表语或状语提前时,女口:Youngasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他年轻,去卩知道很多东西。(5)so...that句型中的so位于句首时(6)虚拟条件从句的引导词if被省略,且所含的were,had,should等提前时,如:Wereheyounger(=Ifhewereyounger),hewouldlearnskating.假如他年轻一些,他就会去学溜冰。[用法检测]把下列句子改为倒装句(1)Shedoesn'tfrequentlygodowntown.(2)Iknewlittlethatshehadalreadyleft.(3)Churchillwasnotonlyastatesman,butalsoawriter.\nIV.单元话题作文将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。提示:粗体部分用本单元词汇表达,多用从句和非谓语类表达为文本增色。1.我的叔叔是一名记者,从他那里,我了解了做记者的一些事情。2.做一个专业记者令人羡慕但是很费力。3.你必须要得到最新的消息,编辑报道并在最后期限Z前上交。4.我的父母说我有这方面的天赋并支持我将来做一名记者的决定。5.我很欣喜他们支持我。\n参考答案I.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)delighted(2)admirable(3)approvc(4)assist(5)deliberately(6)concentrate(7)updatc(8)thorough(9)profession10)eager(11)其间;同时(12)最后期限(13)病例;案例(14)adj.^要的;首席的〃•首领;长官(15)(进退两难的)困境;窘境(16)递交;呈递(文件等)(17)记者;新闻工作者(18)加工;处理(19)岀版;发行;发表;公布(20)渴望的;热切的2.高频短语(1)dependon(2)accuse...of(3)lookforwardto(4)beskepticalof(5)专心于(6)开始工作(7)对非常敏感(8)把事情弄清楚(9)去采访(10)完全搞错了;完全误解3.重点句型(1)wouldfeel;wereoffered(2)Neverwill(3)wastostronglyinfluence(1)Notonlyam(5)wheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestickII.考点精析及演练1.(1)involved(2)answering(3)spending2.(1)©informed②infbmiation;isinformed(2)Heinfonnedthecompanyoftheship,ssafeamval3.(1)accusing(2)accused(3)wasaccused4.(1)weredenied(2)havingtaken(3)that5.(1)tosec(2)(should)beemailed(3)demanding6.(1)Ifyouconcentrateyourattentiononyourstudyyou'llsucceed(2)①Withhismindconcentratedonhiswork,hedidn'tnoticemyappearance②Hismindconcentratedonhiswork,hedidn'tnoticemyappearanee1.soasto/inorderto/sothatyoucanIII.语法[品句归纳](1)倒装语序(2)部分倒装(3)完全倒装[用法检测](1)Notfrequentlydoesshegodowntown(2)LittledidIknowthatshehadalreadyleft(3)NotonlywasChurchillastatesman,butalsoawriterIV.单元话题作文MyuncleisajournalistsfromwhomIknowsomethingaboutajournalist.BeingaDrof^ssionaljournalistisadmirablebutdemanding.Youhavetoacquirethelatestinformation,editthestoriesandsubmitthembeforethedeadline.MyparentssayFmgiftedforthatandapproveofmydecisiontobeajournalistinfuture.I'mverydelightedthattheysupportme.必修5Unit5FirstAidI.单元基础知识1.核心单词\n(1)liquidn.(2)tissuen.(3)sleeven.(4)cupboardn.(5)dampa".(6)squeeze讥.(7)organn.(8)complexadj.(9)barrierit.(10)vitaladj.(11)斤•勇敢;勇气(12)n.款待;招待(13)n.典礼;仪式(14)adj.暂时的,临时的(15)adj.(动作)稳定有力的;坚定的n.公司(16)几隆起;(使)膨胀—>adj.肿胀的(17)adj.温和的—►adv.温和地(18)adj.难以忍受的—加/.可忍受的—vt.承受几熊(19)/?.毒药讥.使中毒;毒害一>°龙.有毒的;恶毒的(20)斤•多样化;种类一>adj・多方面的,各种各样的->vi.变化1.高频短语(1)生病(2)在适当的位置(3)有影响;起(重要)作用(4)各种各样的⑸脱下;成名(1)knockover(2)stickto(3)actas(4)getinjured/burnt/infected(5)putone'shandson2.重点句型(1)Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburnedit•因此你可以想彖的到,如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。(2)Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,•如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部,要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。(3)Johninhisroomheheardscreaming.约翰正在房间里做功课,突然听到一声尖叫。(4)John,squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMs.Slade'slife.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术,挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。(5)andknowledgeoffirstaidsavedMs.Slade9slife.正是约翰的快\n速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。II.考点精析及演练1.injuryn.伤口;伤害;损害injure“伤害;损害injuredadj.受伤的[易混辨析]injure,hurt,harm,woundinjure“伤害,损害",一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害,也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。hurt“疼痛,受伤”,既可以指肉体上的伤害,伴有强烈痛感;也可以指精神上的伤害,常与deeply,verymuch,rather连用。harm“伤害”,用于肉体或精神上的伤害,有时也指引起不安或不便。wound“受伤,伤口,',通常指武器的伤害,如刀、枪等的伤害。[用法检测]用上述动词的适当形式填空。(1)Itmetothinkthathewouldlietome.(2)Twowomenhavebeenbadlyintheaccident.(3)Luckilynoonegotinthebattle.(4)Don'tyoureyesbyreadinginpoorlight.1.essentialadj.必不可少的;最重要的;本质的;基本的;农•必需品;要素;实质[同义表达]essential,important,vital[常见用法]beessentialto/for对来说是重要的It'sessentialtodo/that是必要的(that从句的谓语用"should+do,\should通常省略)[用法检测](1)Itisessential(你赢得)thevoters'hearts.(2)Sunandwater(对必不可少)thegrowthofcrops.2.varietyn.[C,U]变化;多样(化);多变(性)[词性拓展]various=avarietyof(varietiesof)+n.(pl.)各种各样的,不同种类的thevarietyof的种类varyvt./vi・使不同;变更;变化;呈多样化varywith••-随变化\nvaryfrom...to..=varybetween...and...从……到……不等;在……到……之间变化[拓展延伸]“许多”表达只修饰可数名词只修饰不可数名词既修饰可数名词,又修饰不可数名词alarge/great/numberofagreat/goodmanyquiteafewmanya...+V(单)morethanone…+V(单)agreat/gooddealofalarge/greatamountof(large)amountsofalotof?lotsofplentyofalarge/greatquantityof(large)quantitiesofavarietyof/varietiesof4.vitaladj.至关重要的;生死攸关的[常见用法]beofvitalimportance是至关重要的bevitalto/for对很重要Itisvitaltodosth.做是很重要的Itisvitalthat...是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+do,should可以省略)[用法检测]你的支持对我的计划是否成功关系重大。Yoursupportthesuccessofmyplan.5.treatn.招待;款待;"•以态度对待;把看作;治疗;招待;请客[常见用法]treatsb.as…把某人看作treatsb.tosth.招待某人吃treatsb.withrespect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人Mytreat.我请客。[用法检测]Ifhewastreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.①•(改为省略句)②.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)6.applyvt.&诚•涂;应用;适用;申请[常见用法]\napplication〃.申请(书);用途applicant几.申请人applyto适合apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申请某物applyoneselfto(doing)sth.=beappliedto(doing)sth.致力于/集中精力于[用法检测]Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit.①•(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)②・(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)7.makeadifference区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用[常见用法]makeno/littledifferenceto对没有/几乎没有影响makemuchdifferenceto对有很大影响tellthedifferencebetween...and…说出和的不同beofno/little/much/greatdifference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用[用法检测](1)whetherhecomeshereornot.他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2)Canyouthetwowords?你能区別这两个单词吗?8.bedoing...when正在做这时[课本原句]Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到一声尖叫。[常见表达]bedoing...when…正在做这时beabouttodo...when...正要做此时beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做这时hadjustdone...when...刚做了这时[用法检测](1)Wewereswimminginthelakesuddenlythestormstarted.(2)Shejust(finish)herhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.\n9.强调句型Itis(was)+被强调部分+that/vvho+句子其他部分[课本原句]ItwasJohn'squickactionandknowledgeoffirstaidthatsavedMs.Slade'slifb.止是约翰的快速反应和急救知识拯救了斯莱德女士的生命。[用法解析](1)在强调句型中,将被强调的部分放在前面,其它部分置于that之后,被强调部分可以是主语,宾语,表语或状语,强调的主语如果是人,that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构(itis/was…that/who)划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子;这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。(2)几种强调句型变式:一般疑问式:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that…?特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat--•?反义疑问式:Itis/was+被强调部分+that…,isn't/wasn'tit?not...until...的强埸句型:Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that...[用法检测](1)NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.(改为强调句)(2)Wasitin1969theAmericanastronautssucceededlandingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;inHI.语法:省略[品句归纳]仔细观察下列句子中的省略的用法。©Thiswomanworkswell,butthatonedoesn't(workwell).这位女士工作很出色,但是那位却不行。②When(theyare)ripe,theseapplesaresweet.成熟的时候,这些苹果非常甜。③Thatisthenaughtyboy(whom/that)wctalkedaboutlastweek.那就是我们上周谈到的淘气男孩。④HadThomasEdison(=IfThomasEdisonhad)savedhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.如果托马斯•爱迪生把钱省下来,他死时将是一个富人。⑤Itwassuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoffuntilthenextweek.有人建议会议推迟到下周。以上句子为了言简意赅而省略了一些成分。根据句子的结构以及上下文,我们可知:第1句省略T(l);第2句省略了时间状语从句屮的(2);第3句省略了⑶;第4句省略了(4),而且句子还部分倒装;第5句省略了情态动词(5)o[具体用法](1)简单句中的省略根据表达的需要,简单句中常省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语和表语等,有时其至同时省略若干成分。(Youcome)Thiswayplease.请这边走。—Areyoufeelingbetternow?你现在好些了吗?一(Iamfeeling)Muchbetter(now).好多了。(2)并列句中的省略在并列句屮,后面的分句可以省略与前面的分句屮相同的成分。Tommusthavebeenplayingbasketball,whileMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.汤姆一定是一直在打篮球,而玛丽一定是一直在做作业。\n(2)状语从句屮的省略在以when,while,if,asif,though(although),as,whether,once等连词引导的状语从句中,常常省略与主句相同的主语和be动词。When(itis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.竣工后,这座博物馆将会在明年向公众开放。(3)动词不定式中的省略在同一句话或联系紧密的对话里,常把不定式to后的内容中相同的部分省略,只保留too—Iwillbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?我将会出差。请帮助照看我的猫,好吗?一Notatall.Iwouldbehappyto.没关系,我非常乐;意。(4)虚拟条件句屮的省略在虚拟条件句中,如含有had,were,should,等吋,if可省略,句子倒装。Shoulditraintomorrow,youwouldhavetoputoffyourtour.万一明天下雨,你只好推迟行程。(5)宾语从句中的省略在宾语从句中,连词that一般可以省略。但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。Hetoldmehewasillandthathecouldn'tgotoworkthenextday.他告诉我他病了,第二天无法上班。[用法检测]完成句子(用省略形式)(1)Inourcountry,peopleusuallyshakehandswhen.在我〃]国家,当被相互介绍时,人们通常会握手。(2),IheardhersinginganEnglishsong.当我路过她的(3)Theywantedtogoboatinginthelake,butI.他彳门想至肿胡上划船,但是我警告他们不要去。(4)Iwon'tattendherbirthdayparty.除非受到邀请,否则我不会去参加女(5)Whenyoudothisexercise,makechangesinthesentencestructure•做这个练习时,如有必要可以改动句子结构。IV.单元话题作文不久前,为零售商提供数据的美国服务机构SumAll对网上购物的优惠情况进行了调查。调查发现,一周内优惠最多的并不是人们普遍认为的周末。下面的图表显示了每天的优惠率(百分比)。请根据图表写一篇100词左右的英语短文。短文应该包含以下要点:1.分析图表内容;\n2.发表你的观点和看法。6■]——5-4,30u—711■I!■T,IIIIIII4.814.804.65—4,3——3.84\n参考答案I.单元基础知识1.核心单词(1)液体⑵(生物)组织;纸巾(3)袖子(4)橱柜;衣柜(5)潮湿的(6)压榨;挤(7)器官(8)复杂的(9)屏障;障碍(物)(10)至关重要的,生死攸关的(11)bravery(12)treat(13)ceremony(14)temporary(15)firm(16)swell;swollen(17)mild;mildly(18)unbearable;bearable;bear(19)poison;poisonous(20)variety;various;vary2.高频短语(1)fallill(2)inplace(3)makeadifference(4)avarietyof(5)takeoff(6)撞翻(7)坚持(8)担任;充当(9)被伤着/烫着/感染(10)找到3.重点句型(1)canbeveryserious(2)ifpossible(3)wasstudying;when(4)Thereisnodoubtthat(5)ItwasJohrfsquickaction;thatII.考点精析及演练1.(1)hurt(2)injured(3)wounded(4)harm2.(1)thatyou(should)win(2)areessentialto/for4.isvitalto/fbr5.①Iftreatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved②Treatedinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved6.©Applyingyourselftothejobinhand,youTlsoonfinishit©Appliedtothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit7.(1)Itmakesnodifferencetome(2)tellthedifferencebetween8.(1)when(2)had;finished9.(1)ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar(2)比较Itwasin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。III.语法[品句归纳]⑴相同部分(2)主语和be动词(3)作宾语的关系代词(4)if(5)should[用法检测](1)introducedtoeachother(2)Whenpassingbyherroom(3)warnedthemnotto(4)unlessinvitedto(5)when/ifnecessaryIV.单元话题作文Ifyouthinkthatshoppingonlineonweekendscangetyouthebestdeals,thenthinkagain・Accordingtoasurveyofonlineshopping,Tuesdayisactuallythebestdayofaweekifyouwanttogrababargain.ThebestdayofaweekisTuesdaywhensavingsare4.81percent,followedbyThursdayat4.80percent.InthethirdplaceisFridayat4.65percent,thenMondayat4.30percentandWednesdayat4.13percent.It'snotadvisabletoshoponSaturdaywhenyouonlysave3.84percentandSundayistheworstwith3.37percent.Shoppingonlinehasbecomesomethingofascience・So,ifyoudonotwanttospendmorethanyoushould,doitontherightday.