最新初中英语宾语从句课件(新)精品课件 33页

语法(yǔfǎ)专项复习ObjectClause宾语(bīnyǔ)从句第一页，共33页。\n一、宾语(bīnyǔ)从句的概念宾语从句(cónɡjù)即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）包含宾语从句(cónɡjù)的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句(cónɡjù)第二页，共33页。\n二、宾语(bīnyǔ)从句三要素连接词时态语序第三页，共33页。\n（一）连接词1.that2.whether/if3.连接代词(dàicí)whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.连接副词whenwhywherehow。第四页，共33页。\n由从属连词that引导(yǐndǎo)的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中(dāngzhōng)往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常(fēicháng)想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时第五页，共33页。\n由从属连词(liáncí)whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Askhim_____________________.（他是否(shìfǒu)能来）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否(shìfǒu)要下雨）whether(if)hecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornot当句末为ornot时，引导(yǐndǎo)词只能用whether而不能用if.第六页，共33页。\nIf与whether的区别(qūbié)Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.与ornot连用(liányòng)只能用whether介词(jiècí)后只能用whether与todo不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether第七页，共33页。\n由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词when,where,how,why引导(yǐndǎo)的宾语从句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）whomtheyarewaitingfor第八页，共33页。\nif和when还可以(kěyǐ)引导时间状语从句当主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时态。Couldyoutellmewhenhe_________?Couldyoupleasecallmewhenhe_______?(arrive)Ireallydon'tknowifhe________(explain)theproblemtousthoughhehasbeenaskedforseveraltimes.Youcanpaintyourroomblueifyou______(feel)upset.willarrivearriveswillexplainfeel第九页，共33页。\n（二）语序(yǔxù)：陈述句语序(yǔxù)即：陈述句结构（主+谓+其他成分）将下列句子(jùzi)换成陈述句语序1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.Aretheydoinghomework?3.Didthebadnewsinfluencehismood?Thereisabanknearhere.Theyaredoinghomework.Thebadnewsinfluencedhismood.第十页，共33页。\n将下列(xiàliè)问句变成陈述句。   1.Canheswim?→          swim.   2.Doeshehaveapen?→          apen.   3.Whichplacedidhegoto?→Whichplace       .   4.What'swrongwithyou?→                              .   5.Whathappenedtoyou?→                                .   6.Whichisthewaytothestation?→       .想一想为什么4，5，6语序不变？HecanHehashewenttoWhathappenedtoyouWhat'swrongwithyou说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句(zhǔjù)后，变成一个宾语从句。WhichisthewaytothestationCanyoutellme/Iwanttoknow/Iwonder/Pleasetellme……?e.g.Canyoutellmeif/whetherhecanswim?第十一页，共33页。\n（三）时态(时态一致性）1.如果主句的时态是一般(yībān)现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?任何第十二页，共33页。\n四.宾语(bīnyǔ)从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子(jùzi)的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）第十三页，共33页。\n2.如果(rúguǒ)主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.过去(guòqù)第十四页，共33页。\n2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态(shítài)，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgowaswasreadinghiswork.hadfinished第十五页，共33页。\n确定从句的时态(根据(gēnjù)主句时态)主句(zhǔjù)时态从句时态连接前连接后一般(yībān)现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时第十六页，共33页。\n3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使(jíshǐ)主句用了过去时，从句仍用_______时态。例如：Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.一般(yībān)现在第十七页，共33页。\n3.当宾语从句(cónɡjù)说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）Hetoldme(that)SummerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.比一比第十八页，共33页。\n三、宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词(dòngcí)是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.→Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail(2)Hehasdecidedthatheshouldimprovehisstudyskills.→Hehasdecidedtoimprovehisstudyskills.第十九页，共33页。\n(二）当宾语从句的主语(zhǔyǔ)和主句的主语(zhǔyǔ)相同，且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(3)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.→Shedoesn’tknow________________.whattodonext第二十页，共33页。\n(三）当主句的谓语(wèiyǔ)动词是ask,tell,show,teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。eg:(4)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.howtoworkitout第二十一页，共33页。\n(四）当直接引语(yǐnyǔ)为祈使句，变为间接引语(yǐnyǔ)时，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth结构。eg:(5)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.(6)"Don'ttroubleme"hesaidtome.Hetoldmenottotroublehim.第二十二页，共33页。\n四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句(zhǔjù)的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句(zhǔjù)中，即主句(zhǔjù)的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动用肯定式。eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?解析：例6，当主句(zhǔjù)的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句(zhǔjù)的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语由主句(zhǔjù)的主语充当。hashedidn’the第二十三页，共33页。\nⅠ.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?去掉(qùdiào)dodo2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?wasiswhose六.课堂(kètáng)检测第二十四页，共33页。\n１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB巩固(gǒnggù)练习：I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确(zhèngquè)选项填空。第二十五页，共33页。\n4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLilyC3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshereC第二十六页，共33页。\n5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC第二十七页，共33页。\n7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.whichA8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC第二十八页，共33页。\nII.改错(ɡǎicuò)：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecancomeback.第二十九页，共33页。\nTheradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing第三十页，共33页。\n10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid第三十一页，共33页。\n:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.第三十二页，共33页。\n6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.第三十三页，共33页。