初中英语音标教学课件 70页

TheFirstLessonI’mhappy,luckytohelpyoulearnthemostinterestingsubject-----EnglishWelcometoourschool\nTolearnEnglishwell,youmustlearn1.Internationalphoneticsymbols(音标)2.Wordsandexpressions3.Sentencepatterns4.Grammarrules\nWhatamIgoingtodoforyou?Togiveyousomedirections,helpyoulearn,checkyourschoolwork.Whatareyougoingtodoinandafterclass?Tobeactive(inclassactivities).Tobebrave(tospeak,askandanswer).Tobecareful(withyourwork).\nShallwehavesomeclassrulesinourEnglishlessons?Don’tbelateforschoolorclass.Noeatingordrinkinginclass.Nosleepinginclass.Notalkingwhensomeoneisspeaking.Nolaughingwhensomeonemakesamistake.6.Nofightinginclass.7.Handinyourhomeworkontime……\n*Beontime.Bequietwhentheteachercomes.*Takeyourtextbook,anotebook,(awritingpad)ablackpenandaredpen.*Listencarefullyinclass.*Alwaysputupyourhandbeforeyouwanttosaysomething.Remember\nTheAlphabet\n\n英语语音专题\nInternationalPhoneticsymbols（国际音标）\nWhatarephoneticsymbols?thesystemorpatternofspeechsoundsusedinaparticularlanguage语音最小单位是音素。语言的语音都是由四十八个不同的音素相互组合而成的。\nHowmanyphoneticsymbolsarethere?\n元音vowels(20个)1.前元音[i:]–e,ee,ea,ie,ei,eo…A:Teaorcoffee?B:TeaforLeeandcoffeeforme,please.[i]–i,e,y,ey…Hislittlesisterissittinginthemiddle.[e]–e,ea,ai…Good,better,best.Neverletitrest.Tillgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.[æ]–aCat,cat!Catchthatblackrat!hesee,read,piece,ceiling,peopleis,English,busy,moneyred,then,head,againhat,bag,can,apple\nCompareit--eat2.live—leave3.fill—feel4.seat—sit5.tree—trip6.bit—bee7.sheep—ship8.deed—did9.live—leave10.feed—fit11.pea—pit12.rid—read13.street—strict14.sleep—slip\nComparebet--bat2.pat—pet3.bag—beg4.sat—set5.neck--lack6.sad—said7.bad—bed8.dad—dead9.lad—led10.fad—fed\n[ə]–er,a,eThefarmer’ssisterisadoctor.[ə:]–ir,urorTheearlybirdcatchesthewormfirst.[Λ]–o,uCometothefrontonthedouble.clever,ruler,panda,opengirl,shirt,purple,worklove,colour,us,duck中元音\nearthnurseskirtlearnherwordReadthewordsear(不单独出现时)urireror[:]\nPhrases[ə:]AdirtyskirthurtabirdLearntoworkworseandworse\nReadthewordsagoagainaddresshundredparentlicensewaterAugustbananatodaycolourpolicemanaeeroour在非重读音节中[ə]\n[]PhrasesSoonerorlaterAutumnandAugustWorkerandfarmeraboutthepictureoftheteacher\n[a:]–ar,a…It’sfartothefarmfromthepark.[כ]–o,aThelittlepotissohot.[כ:]—or,a,au,arMydaughterwho’sforty-fourisalawyer.[u]–ooLookatthecookbook.It’sreallygood.[u:]–oo,u,ou,oe…Howdoyoudo?Youlookreallycool.shop,sorry,watch,whatmorning,call,autumn,warmfootball,wood,classroom,booksoon,ruler,soup,shoehalf,class,park,hard后元音\nCompare[Λ][a:]cut--cart2.luck—lark3.duck—dark4.tough—task5.mud—mark6.bus—bath7.far—fun8.shut—shark\n[a:][Λ]['fa:]['sΛp]['ka:pit]['sΛndi]['pa:ti][bΛs][fa:m][sΛn]['ba:skit][Λt]\nCompare[][]pot--port2.lot—lord3.not—north4.fox—forks5.shot—short6.wok—walk7.spot—sport8.cock—caught\nCompare[][ə]walk—workshort—shirtwarm—worddoor---dirtsore---sircause---curd\n_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[i:][i][e][æ][a:][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]Λ[][ə:][ə]单元音vowels(12个)\n双元音\n[ei]–a,ai,ay,ea,eiRain,raingoaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.[ai]–i,yOutofsight,outofmind.[כi]—oy,oiSoybeanoilismychoice.[əu]–o,oa,ow,Goandopenthewindow,Joe,andshowmethephoto.[au]–ou,owIfoundamouseinthehouse.game,rain,play,greatfive,idea,try,goodbyeboy,toy,point,oilold,hello,coat,showabout,round,down,town\nfacesamegameplaywastehatelatehaycomplainfamousReadthewordsIlifequietmindpricenightdieshywhiteliehigh\nPhrases[ei]hatetobelatesaveherfaceneverwastemetthefirstlady\n[ai]PhrasestheblueskyinthecountrysidethebitingwindOutofsight,outofmind\n[ai]写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1[→2[ai→3[ai]\nroadcoatgoatboatloadcoldsmokegohomehopeReadthewordshowaboutshoutcowloudmousegroundhourcrownmouth\nPhrases[əu]GoldCoastmakeatoastbeallbonesthelocallanguage\nPhrases[au]goforanoutingbetweenourselvesreadaloudoutofdate\n[au]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________写法1[→2[au→3[au]\nLearnthephrasestoilandmoilaspoiledboyAnnoyingnoiseliveforenjoyment\nReadthewordsBoysandgirls,pleasepayattentionto“oy”!boytoyjoysoyannoyingemploy\nReadthewordsNowpleasepayattentionto“oi”!oilsoilboilcoinpointnoise\n[iə]–ear,eer,eaWeareneartheendoftheyear.[Èə]–ere,air,are,eirWherethereisawill,thereisaway.[uə]–ure,ourIt’ssuretobegoodforthetourists.Poortour!hear,year,deer,reallythere,chair,careful,theirsure,tour,poor,February\n[ɛə]写法________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1[→2[ɛə→3[ɛə]\nReadthewords[iə]eardearheartearfearclearherebeersneerpeer[Èə]pearwearwheredarecaresharebarerarehairflairfairstairrepair\nReadthephrases[iə]comeheredrinkthebeerveryclearfearnothinghereandthereCheeringwithtears\nLearnthephrasesshareyourbananawithmonkeyeatalotofpearsararemetalrunbarefootatthetradefair\nReadthewords[uə]sureunsurebrochurepoormoortour\nTongueTwisterSuresuresure,Poorpoorpoor,I’msureyouknowI’mpoor,SoIcan’tgotomakeatour.\n_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[iə][ɛə][uə][ei][ai][əu][au][ɔi][i:][i][e][æ][a:][][ə:][ə][ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]Λ元音vowels(20个)\n辅音28个\n辅音Consonants(28个)1.爆破音[p]Practicemakesperfect.[b]Barryfoundabigbugonherbed.[t]Thisisahat,that’sacap.[d]ThedoormantoldDavidtogodown.[k]Don’tkitthekitten.[g]Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.\n[p][b]pay---baypear–bearpen---Benpig---big[p][b]cap---cablap---labtap---tabrope---robe\n[t][d]town–downtie–dietear–deartouch–Dutch[t][d]bent–bendright–ridelent–lendbet–bed\n两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化[sp]→[sb][st]→[sd][sk]→[sg]speakspitspystudystarstartskyschoolscreen\n[k][g]Kate–gatecard–guardcould–goodcoat–goat[k][g]pick–pigflak–flagback–bagLock–log\n2.鼻音[m]MayIhavesomemilk,mum?[n]Noraknowsthenewcomer.[ŋ]Linglingislisteningtothesong.Comparen[n]ng/nk[ŋ]in—inksin-singthin---thingthan—thankson---song\n3.摩擦音[f]Ifyoubuyfish,makesureit’sfresh.[v]Victorisveryclever.[]Thankyouforyourtablecloth.[ð]Thosearefarandthesearenear.[s]Sandyhasanewswimmingsuit.[z]WhatsizeofshoesdoesDaisywear?\n[]sure,she,social,nationWashthefish,please.[ʒ]pleasure, televisionGeorgemeasuredthegaragewithpleasure.[h]havehot,whowholehatehouseHelenholdsherhands.[r]read,write, wrongAreyoureadytoread?\n4.破擦音[t]Heteacheschildrenhowtoplaychess.[d]Johnlikestotelljokes.[tr]There’relotsoftrucksinthestreet.[dr]Helikesstrongdrinks.[ts]Thestudentsarewearingwhiteshirts.[dz]Takeawayyourdirtyhands.ʒ\n5)舌边音:[l]land,world如果在后面读[ł]little,middle,castle，puzzleWhatabeautifulbicycle!6)半元音:[w]wall,what,answerThehomeworkeveryweekisveryhard.[j]yes yellowyearYes,youryellowskirtiswet.\nlightnightrightlockknockrocklotnotrotleadneedreadlicenicericecompare:\n1.Redlorry,yellowlorry,redlorry,yellowlorry.2.Let’slookforleavesinthelargelakewithalongladder.Tonguetwisters\n成音节[m]，[n]，[l]英语辅音字母中有3个辅音[m]，[n]，[l]是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。如：apple[`æpl]，table[`teibl]，middle[`midl],little[`litl]，garden[`ga:dn]，lesson[`lesn],physical[`fisikl]，realism[`ri:lizm]等等。\n_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[p][b][t][d][k][g][f][v][s][z][h][w][j][][][t][d]ʒʒ[tr][dr][ts][dz][m][n][ŋ][l][r][][]ðθ\nPartsofspeech词类/词性名词noun(n.)～人和事物的名称代词pronoun(pron.)～代替名词的词形容词adjective(adj.)～修饰名词的词数词numeral(num.)～表示多少和第几的词动词verb(v.)～表示动作和状态副词adverb[adv.]～修饰动词,形容词和副词的词冠词article(art.)～说明名词所指的人或物介词preposition（prep.）～表示名词与其它词的关系连词conjunction(conj.)～连接词、短语和句子的词感叹词interjection(inter.)～表示感情的词\nSentencepatternsSimplesentence简单句Ilikeapples.JaneandIoftenswiminsummer.Hecomesandsayshellotomeeveryday.Compoundsentence并列句Wehelpthemandtheyhelpus.Complexsentence复合句Hesaidthathewouldvisityou.\n1.Declarativesentence陈述句Mybagispink.2.Interrogativesentence疑问句Whatcolourisyourbag?3.Imperativesentence祈使句Let’sbegin.4.Exclamatorysentence感叹句Whatafinedayitistoday!Types\n常用句型1.Therebe(is/are)+名词[+介词短语]Thereisatreeinfrontofthehouse.Therearesomeflowersinthevase.2.1)主语(n.&pron.)＋谓语(vi.)+状语(adv./prep.短语)Thismachineworkswell.2)主语＋连系动词(linkv.)＋表语(a./ad./prep.短语)Mybagispink.Youareadoctor.3)主语＋谓语(vt.)＋宾语(n.&pron.)IhaveanEnglishbook.\n否定结构be+not助动词do,does,did,will等＋not+实义动词一般疑问句把be,have和助动词放在主语前Areyoulisteningtome?Haveyouanyball-pens?Doyouenjoysports?特殊疑问句用疑问代词/疑问副词：who,whose,which,what,wherewhattime/when,why,how\n1.Whatreferstothings.Whatisyourfavoritesport?2.Wherereferstoplaces.Wheredoyoulive?3.Whenreferstotimes.Whendoyougetupeveryday?4.Howoldreferstoages.Howoldareyou?5.Howmanyreferstonumbers.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?\nSimonlivesinNewcastleuponTyne.Edwinworksasanarchitect.Simonwantstobeanengineer.SimonparentsownaChineserestaurant.Mayis12yearsold.Mayhasaneldersisterandayoungerbrother.Myfavoritehobbyisplayingthepiano.IwanttobeateacherwhenIgrowup.Simonwritesalettertohispenfriend.Igotobedat10:00pm.everyday.WhereWhatWhatWhatHowoldWhatWhatWhatWhoWhattime\nHomeworkLearnthesoundsbyheart.Previewthenewlesson.\nAQuestionnaire1.Whatlanguagecanyouspeak?2.HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?3.DoyouthinkiteasytolearnEnglish?4.WhatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficulttolearnEnglishwell?5.DoyoufinditinterestingtolearnEnglish?6.WhydoyoulearnEnglish?7.WhatkindofEnglishteacherdoyouwantMissChentobe?