初中现在完成时态课件 27页

现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTense\n一构成:have/has+动词过去分词(pp)肯定主语+have/has+pp否定主语+have/hasnot+pp疑问Have/Has+主语+pp+其他Yes,主+have/has.No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.\nIhavefinishedmyhomework.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.ShehasbeentoEurope.Shehasn’tbeentoEurope.HasshebeentoEurope?Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.\n1.规则动词：与过去时变化相同。(1)一般+-edwork---worked---worked(2)以“e”结尾,+-d。live---lived---lived(3)“辅音字母+y”结尾，y变i,+-ed。cry---cried---cried(4)重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed。drop---dropped--dropped2、不规则动词，见不规则表（p120）动词过去分词(pp)变化规则\n二含义及用法1表示过去发生的动作或事情，对现在的影响和产生的结果。\n常用的关键词yet(否/疑),already已经ever/never曾经/从来不just刚刚before以前recently,lately最近in/duringthepast/last5years过去五年bynow,sofar,uptonow,tillnow迄今once,twice…一次…all/inone’slife某人一生\n（1）already肯定句:“己经”I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.(更常见)=I’vehadbreakfastalready.(2)表示一个从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。\n注:有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词.Eg.She’salreadyeightyyearsold.Itwasalreadyverylate.\n(2)yet否定句:句末“还(没)”疑问句:句末“己经”Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.\n注意：当在肯定句中含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。Ihaven’tseenthefilmyet.●Motherhasjustcleanedthehouse.Motherhasn’tcleanedthehouseyet.●Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.\n(3)never否定句:句中“从来没有”I’veneverbeentoBeijing.\n注:带ever的肯定句变否定句时,将ever变neverHehasevermademeal.Hehasnevermademeal.\n(4)just用于句中,表示“刚刚”I’vejusthadbreakfast.Whathavetheyjustdone?\nA:______yourbrother_________anewwatch?(buy)B:Notyet.KeywordsHasboughtyet\nA:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:Yes,Ihave.KeywordsHavebeenyetever\nI______never______anythinglikethat.(see)Keywordshaveseenyetevernever\nTom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Keywordshasworkedyeteverneversince\nI______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)Keywordshavemendedyeteverneversincejust\nHe____already______ajob.(find)Keywordshasfoundyeteverneversincejustalready\nsince+(过去的)时间点或一般过去时Ihavebeenheresince2000.Hehasworkedasalawyersince5yearsago.They’velivedinCQsincetheymarriedin2000.\nhave/hasgoneto(去了未回来)have/hasbeento(去了已回来)have/hasbeenin(去了呆在某地)\nExercisesTom在哪儿？他去书店买书了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去过上海两次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.\n1.Bill____________London,hewillcomebacktomorrow.2.A:Wherearethetwins?B:They____________thecinema.3.I_______________Paristwice.Hehasneverbeenthere.4.A:Haveyouever_________America?B:No,never.5.A:Howlonghaveyou________China?B:Foroneyear.6.HeleftforEnglandtwodaysago.He___________therefortwodays.hasgonetohavegonetohavebeentobeentobeeninhasbeen\n现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时:强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响或结果，与现在有关。一般过去时:仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。他已学英语五年了。HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.他曾学过五年英语。HestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.（说明他还会继续学下去）（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）\nI’velivedherefortenyears.我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿)Ilivedherefortenyears.我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了)Hehasboughtahouse.他买了一栋房子。(现在已拥有这房子)Heboughtahousetenyearsago.他10年前买了一栋房子。(现在是否仍拥有这房子不清楚)\n遇到yesterday,Lastyear,inMay,in+过去某一年，twodaysago,theotherday,justnow等就用一般过去时(表过去的时间)\nWewillhavetentestsnextterm.(改成现完时)Wehavehadtenteststhisterm.Haveyou_____(ready)forthepicnic?Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehe______(leave)He_________alotofpresentsforhistwochildrenalready.(buy)Haveyouboughtsomechickenwings?---Yes,I______.