初中英语八大时态课件 78页

初中英语八大时态ReviewofTenses\n1、TheSimplePresentTense一般现在时态教学重、难点\n一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态常与everyday,onSundays,sometimes,often，usually,always,等连用结构：1、主语+动词原形+其他Eg.IhaveameetingonSundays.Theyvisittheirparentsonceamonth.\n注:主语(三单)+动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他Eg.Shelikesitverymuch.Sheusuallygoestoschoolat7o’clockeverymorning.\n动词第三人称单数形式·在动词后+s·在以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词+es·以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加es·特殊have-has等\nhelpguessflymakeleavefixswimknowplayclosegostudygetreadbringwatch写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式carrydowashvisitexerciseenjoyjumphavesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess\n一般现在时否定式be+notdon’tdo/doesn’tdo\nII一般现在时的否定式1.Be动词的否定式:be+notIamateacher.YouareaworkerSheisadoctorWearefriends.I’mnotateacherYouaren’taworkerSheisn’tadoctor.Wearen’tfriends.isnot=isn’tarenot=aren’t否定句\n2.当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词Does有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为原形。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词Do有关。IlikeEnglish.Shelikesitverymuch.Wegotoworkbybike.Idon’tlikeEnglish.Shedoesn’tlikeitverymuch.Wedon’tgotoworkbybike.否定句\n概念：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。III一般疑问句1.对于be动词，疑问句要求把be提前，第一人称变成第二人称。疑问句Iamateacher.Areyouateacher?Youareaworker.Areyouaworker?Heisastudent.Isheastudent?Wearefriends.Areyoufriends?\n2.对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)时，句子前面加does，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加do，第一人称(I/we)换第二人称(you)。Ioftengothere.Youlikethemusic.Hegoestoworkbybus.We/You/Theylikeit.Doyouoftengothere?Doyoulikethemusic.?Doeshegotoworkbybus?Doyou/theylikeit?\n1.HehasameetingonSundays.2.Hegoestoschoolatseveninthemorning.3.MyfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays.4.Wedoourhomeworkafterschool.把下列句子改为一般疑问句DoeshehaveameetingonSundays?Doeshegotoschoolatseveninthemorning?DoyourfatherandmothergooutforlunchonSundays?Doyoudoyourhomeworkafterschool?exercise\n把下列句子改为否定句1.Myfatherhasaneggforbreakfast.2.LiLeidoeshishomeworkafterschool.3.Wedoourhomeworkathome.4.Theyhaveameetingeverymorning.Myfatherdoesn’thaveaneggforbreakfast.LiLeidoesn’tdohishomeworkafterschool.Wedon’tdoourhomeworkathome.Theydon’thaveameetingeverymorning.\n1. Weoften_____(play)intheplayground.2. He____(get)upatsixo’clock.3. ___you____(brush)yourteetheverymorning?4. What___heusually___(do)afterschool?5. Danny______(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.6. Mikesometimes_____(go)totheparkwithhissister.7. She_____(watch)TVwithhisparentseveryevening.8.____Mike____(read)Englisheveryday?用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空playgetsDobrushdoesdostudiesgoeswatchesDoesread\n2、一般过去时TheSimplePresentTense教学重、难点\n一般过去时一般过去时指动作发生在过去有时候会有例如yesterday,lastyear等表示过去时间的标志一般过去时主要要注意动词的变化be动词和实意动词\n含有be动词的一般过去式SheisinBeijing.ShewasinBeijing.Iamastudent.Iwasastudent.Wearefriends.Wewerefriends.含有be动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把is和am改成was,把are改成were\n练习:1.Sheisateacher.She___ateacher.2.TheyarefromJapan.They___fromJapan.Iamverytired.I___verytired.Heistooyoungtogotoschool.He___tooyoungtogotoschool.5.Youarelateforschool.You___lateforschool.waswerewaswaswere\n不含be动词的一般过去时不含be动词的句子改写成一般过去时，把句子中的动词改为过去式形式。通常有五种写法。\nIworkinthiscity.Iworkedinthiscitylastyear.TheyliveinShanghai.TheylivedinShanghailastyear.动词过去式的写法：一般情况，在动词末尾加ed动词以e结尾的，直接在词尾加d\n3、辅音加y结尾，变y为i加edIstudyinBeijing.IstudiedinBeijing.Study,copyCry,fly4、重读闭音节结尾，双写词尾字母加edshestops.shestopped.\n5、特殊Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Iwenttoschoolbybikeyesterday.例如：have/has—had,go---went,eat---ate,say--saidthink—thought,come--came\n不规则动词练习Ithinkyouareright.Ithoughtyouwereright.Sheeatsanappleeveryweek.Sheateanappleanhourago..\n3、一般将来时TheFutureSimpleTense教学重、难点\n一般将来时相对于讲话时间将要发生的动作或情况\n2.时间状语（判断标准）：tomorrow明天nextweek下周thedayaftertomorrow后天soon不久inthefuture在将来in+一段时间多久之后才...\nTheFutureSimpleTense1.will+动词原形(I/weshall)2.begoingto+动词原形3.be+v-ing4.一般现在时表将来结构\n1.will/shall＋v原形表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要…,会…”Eg.1)Shewillgototheparktomorrow.2)IwillreturnhomeassoonasIfinishmytask.\n2、begoingto+v原形①表示打算做某事②表示现在已经有迹象表明将要发生某事。---What________________dothisevening?---Iamgoingtodomylessons.看那些乌云要下雨了.Lootatthedarkclouds.It__________rain.isgoingtoareyougoingto\n3.be+v-inggo,come,leave,start,arrive,stay,fly,land,takeoff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。我们明天动身去青岛.We’releavingforQingdao.\n6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律)，用一般现在时表示将来时态常用于转移动词如：★(begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close…）Eg.1、Theeveningclassbeginsat19:00.2、Thetrainstartsattwo.\nIf条件句中，动词用一般现在时表将来。Ifwehurry,wemaycatchthebus.如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车Ifitrainstomorrow,thetravelwillbecanceled.如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。\n1.—Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?—Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm_____quiteearly,sowe____tothebookstoreafterthat.A.finished;aregoingB.finished;goC.finishes;aregoingD.finishes;goExercise:\n2.Myyoungerbrother____be15yearsoldnextyear.A.isgoingtoB.willC.istoD.should\n1.Theagreement__________comeintoforcenextyear.I’mnotfeelingwell,andI_______gotoseeadoctor.Ifyou________(don’tpass)theexam,youwillbecriticizedbyyourparents.willwilldon’tpass\n5.How_____you_________spendyourholiday?—I’vedecidedtorepaintthisroom.—Oh,haveyou?Whatcolour____you_______paintit?—TheweatherissoniceandIamgoingtositinthegarden.—That’sagoodidea.I_________joinyou.willaregoingtoaregoingto\n4、现在进行时ReviewofthePresentContinuousTense教学重、难点：\n知识要点：一.现在进行时的定义:现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.Eg:1.JennyiswatchingTVnow.2.Iamwriting.\n五.现在进行时的判断：（1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：now,rightnow,atthemoment或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。Eg:Let’sgofast.Mr.Wuiswaitingforusnow.It’ssixo’clock.Thechildrenareplayingbasketball.\n(2)句中用到“Listen！”“Look!”“Keepquiet”“Don’tmakenoise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。Eg:Keepquiet!Theteachersaretalkingintheoffice.\nShereadisingnow.\nListen!Thebirdissinging.\n二.现在进行时的谓语结构:现在进行时的谓语结构为:am/is/are+现在分词.Am/is/are在现在进行时句子谓语结构中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。A:IamwatchingTVathome.B:Daveiscleaningthefloor.C:Thestudentsareseeingamovie.\n2.将现在进行的肯定句变为否定句时，在be动词后面加上not.Eg:Steveistalkingtohisteacher.Thechildrenareeatingsomeapplesatmyhome.-----Steveisn’ttalkingtohisteacher.----Thechildrenaren’teatinganyapplesatmyhome.\n四.现在进行时的形式转换：1.将一个现在进行时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，将句中的is或are提到句首。Eg:Steveistalkingtohisteacher.Iamsinging.------IsStevetalkingtohisteacher?------Areyousinging?\nTalkaboutthepeopleinthepicture.What’shedoing?He’sreading.*Whataretheydoing?*Theyareplayingbasketball.…\n5、过去进行时ReviewofthePastContinuousTense教学重、难点：\n过去进行时过去进行时的用法与现在进行时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。结构：be（过去式）+v.ingEg.Iwasreadinganovelwhenyoucalled.你打电话时我正在看一本小说。\nexerciseDanny______(watch)TV,whenyousang.I_________________(playcomputergame)atthistimeyesterday.waswatchingwasplayingcomputergame\n6、将来进行时表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作。结构：will/shall+be+v.ingEg.Wewillbehavingdinnerinaminute.一会儿我们就吃饭。Dannywillbeplayingfootballanhourlater.Danny一会儿将会在打球。\nHaveatry试一试:He___________(watch)TVnow.I___________(swim)atthistimeyesterday.She____________(see)thesunriseatthetopofthemountainthistimetomorrow.iswatchingwasswimmingwillbeseeing\nTranslate翻译他们一会儿就开会。Theywillbehavingameeting.我一会儿就洗衣服。Iwillbewashingclothes.\n7、ThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时教学重、难点：\n现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already,before,yet,never,ever等状语连用。\n现在完成时结构助动词have(has)+V过去分词注：has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称。否定句：have/has+not+V过去分词Eg.①Hehasneverheardofthatbefore.②Ihaveworkedherefor20years.③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Myaunthaven’tlivedinChinafor3years.\n2.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）一段时间的表达方法有两种:for:+一段时间forayearfortwoweeksforthreeyears过去的某一时刻,since9o’clocksincelastweek一般过去时态的时间状语从句sinceyoucamesinceyougothome.注意:for和since所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.Since\n注意点（1）：一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come,go,leave,arrive,buy,begin,start,become等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作需用表示状态的词连用。Ihavehadthiscoatforoneyear.试比较：1）Ihaveboughtthiscoatforoneyear.×√\n转化成延续性动词归纳1.直接转化成延续性动词buycatch(get)acoldborrowcome/go/becomehavehaveacoldkeepbe\n2.转换成be+名词jointhearmyjointhePartygotoschoolbeasoldierbeaPartymemberbeastudent3转换成be+形容词或副词diefinishbeginleavefallsleepcloseopenbedeadbeoverbeonbeawaybeasleepbeclosedbeopen\n4.转换成be+介词短语gotoschooljointhearmybeinschoolbeinthearmy\n2)Myunclehascomebackfor2days.Myunclehasbeenbackfor2days.3)Thetrainhasleftforanhour.Thetrainhasbeenawayforanhour.4)Thetwinbrothershavejoinedthearmyfor2years.Thetwinbrothershavebeeninthearmyfor2years.×√××√√\n注意点（2）havebeento与havegoneto的区别。\n（3）havebeen(to)和havegone(to)的区别：★have/hasbeen(to)表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。★have/hasgone(to)表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.试比较：HehasbeentoBeijing.他曾去过北京。（人已回来，可能在这儿）HehasgonetoBeijing.他已经去北京了。（人已走，不在这儿）。\n一般过去时与现在完成时之比较一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。\n分析比较Isawthisfilmyesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）ShehasreturnedfromParis.（她已从巴黎回来了。）Shereturnedyesterday.（她是昨天回来的。）HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在团内的状态可延续)HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。)\n注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,lastweek,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.\nExercises()1.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()2.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()3.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBBD\n()4.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()5.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()6.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAAD\n()7.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()8.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()9.—Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,sawBCD\n（2）现在完成时Mydaughter__________(go)out.I__________(hear)fromherthesedays.(改为现在完成时的否定句)They___________(leave)fortwoyears.Theoldman_________(die)for4months.We________(see)yourecently.(否定句）hasbeengonehaven’theardhavebeenawayhasbeendeadhaven’tseen\n8、ThePastPerfectTense过去完成时\nThePastPerfectTense过去完成时过去完成时的构成助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词WhenIgottoschool,thebellhadrung.2.过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作.也就是过去的过去.\nThePastPerfectTense过去完成时3.常用的几种方式:用介词by,before等构成的时间短语.Wehadlearnt20Englishsongsbytheendoflastmonth.TheplanehadtakenoffwhenIreachedtheairport.BythetimeIgotup,mybrotherhadlefthome.用连词when,before,after或者短语bythetime引导的时间状语从句.\nBythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.\nBythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了.bythetime意思是“到…的时候”,相当于when,后接过去时的句子时,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态.\n主要动词的过去式和过去分词ringrangrunggetgotgottengowentgoneleaveleftleftstartstartedstartedbewas/werebeentaketooktakenrunranrunwakewokewoken\n1.WhenI_____(get)there,theSmithsalready_______(have)theirdinner.2.Bytheendoflastyearthey______________(produce)morethan500,000tractors.3.Tom_______(read)atleast20novelsinthepastyear.4.____you_____(give)thebooktoJimyesterday?No,becausehe____________(borrow)onefromthelibrary.5.Hesaidthathe_____never_____(hear)ofthatbefore.gothadhadhadproducedhadreadDidgivehadborrowedhadheard\nByeBye