初中定语从句基础讲解_课件（共22张） 22页

初中定语从句基础讲解\n什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行词关系词定语从句\nThemanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行词____________________关系词___定语从句\n关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why人(n.)+who/that+从句物(n.)+that/which+从句\n关系代词的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.\n关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.\n3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?\n4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.\nIhaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修饰先行词anapple主语主语关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。\nIhavesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ihavesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friends主语主语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。\n关系词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.\nIlikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。\nIlikethegirl.Youaretalkingtothegirl.Ilikethegirlwho(m)youaretalkingto.宾语宾语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。\n归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语或宾语,whom作宾语。关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar____________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhom/that/who\n任务I.阅读下列句子，再用who/that填空。1.Ihaveabrother_______likessoccer.2.Tomdoesn’tlikemovies_______aretoolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroups________playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_________oftenhelpeachother.who/thatthatthatwho/that\n任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1．Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._______________________________________.2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._______________________________________.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic.________________________________________.Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.Tonylikesmusicthathecandanceto.\nMatchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?\nwhose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.\nAchild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.who’sD.whichLookatthegirl____nameisLucy.A.whoB.thatC.who’sD.whose\nwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmyonwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==关系副词\nwhy在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=\n1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.I’llneverforgettheyear_____________Icametothisschool.4.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.5.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.7.Thisisthehouse__________welivedinlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/inwhichwhere/inwhich归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.that/which