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writing1ppt课件\nWritingpoints完成审题确定文体抓住要点组织语言书写修改2ppt课件\n“中小学生健康”为话题写一篇短文【要求】(1)内容包括①列举中小学生面临的健康问题。②请谈谈怎样才能保持健康。(2)字数:60---80词。(3)短文中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。3ppt课件\nTopic-------health1.What are healthy problemsofmiddleschoolstudents?2.How can students keep healthy?4ppt课件\nHowtokeepHealthy?Everyonewantstokeephealthytoday,especiallyourstudents.Butwedon’tpayattentiontoourhealth.Someofthemgotoschoolwithoutbreakfastinthemorning.SomestudentsandpupilsplaycomputergamesorwatchTVallday,especiallyattheweekends.Manyboysthinkitiscooltodrinkorsmoke.Itisimportantforustohavegoodhabits.Weshouldeatbreakfasteverymorning.WecanwatchTVorplaygamesforashorttime,thenhavearest.Wealsocantakepartinsomeclubs.Ithinkitisnecessaryforustokeephealthy.5ppt课件\n开头1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.2.俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.3.现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______.5.任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.6ppt课件\n结尾1.自然结尾,点明主题随着文章的结束,文章自然而然地结尾。如“HelpingthePoliceman(帮助警察)”的结尾可以是:Thetwochildrenwerepraisedbythepoliceandtheyfelthappy.再如“The TortoiseandtheHare(龟兔赛跑)”的结尾可以是:Whentheharegottothetree,thetortoisehadalreadybeenthere。2.首尾呼应,升华主题在文章的结尾可以用含义较深的话点明主题,深化主题,起到“画龙点睛”的效果。如“ILoveMyHometown(我爱家乡)”的结尾可以是:Ilovemyhometown,andIamproudofit.3.反问结尾,引起深思这种方式的结尾虽然形式是问句,但意义却是肯定的,而且具有一定的强调作用,可引起他人的深思。如“LearningEnglishcangiveusalotofpleasure(学英语能为我们带来许多乐趣)”的结尾可以是:IfwelearnEnglishwell,wecan…Don’tyouthinklearningEnglishisgreatfun?4.表达祝愿,阐述愿望这种方式的结尾常出现在书信或演讲稿的文体中,表示对他人的祝福或对将来的展望等。如“ALettertotheFarmers(给农民们的一封信)”的结尾可以是:Ihopethefarmers'lifewillbebetterandbetter.另外,书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语:Bestwishes;IwishyouamerryChristmasandahappynewyear;Iwishyouhaveagoodtime等。7ppt课件\n连接词(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and….(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of…,because of, due to…,owing to, thanks to等.(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等.(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等.(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等.(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also), what’s more, what’s worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等.(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等. (8)表示空间顺序的连词,如on the right/left, to the right/left of, on one side of...,in the middle/center of等.8ppt课件\n错误修改一、“汉语式”英语例:Hisfather‘sbodyisstrong.他父亲身体很好。析:汉语说“某人的身体强弱”时,在英语中不必加body。因此,在书面表达中要注意英语的习惯用法,否则容易杜撰出“汉语式”英语,使人难以看懂。同时不能先想汉语意思,然后再直译成英语,而要擅于直接用英语思考。正:Hisfatherisstrong.9ppt课件\n二、难词解释例:thetimefellsleeping就寝时间析:同学们遇到要表达的术语有难词时,想不到用合适的单词来表达,于是就闹出了这样的笑话。因此,在平时学习中学生们就要知难而进,想方设法记忆必要的单词,同时增强解释的能力,只有这样才能提高英语书面表达能力。正:thesleepingtime10ppt课件\n三、单词堆砌例:Ourgotoschooltimeis8:00.上学时间是8:00。析:同学们在书面表达中应尽量使用自己熟悉且有把握的习惯用语,不能凭着自己的中文习惯主观臆造句子,否则不可能做到“语言准确,得当”。正:Wegotoschoolateight.11ppt课件\n四、时态的误用例:Shelikeitverymuchandreadsittotheclass.她很喜欢它并且读给同学们听。析:在书面表达中,应根据上下文或时间状语来确定动词的时态。正:Shelikeditverymuchandreadittotheclass.12ppt课件\n五、用词错误例:Hegavemeaverygoodadviceyesterday.昨天他给我一个非常好的建议。析:advice表示“建议”时,是不可数名词,不能用不定冠词来修饰,而应用apieceof。正:Hegavemeapieceofverygoodadviceyesterday.13ppt课件\n六、一致性错误所谓不一致不仅指主谓不一致,它还包括数的不一致、时态不一致以及代词不一致等。例1:Onceonehavemoney,hecandowhathewanttodo.人一旦有了钱,他就能想干什么就干什么。析:one是第三人称单数,因此本句的have应改为has。同理,want应改为wants。正:Onceonehasmoney,hecandowhathewantstodo.例2:Waterwillboilat100℃.水在100℃沸腾。析:表示客观真理的句子,其谓语动词应用一般现在时。正:Waterboilsat100℃.14ppt课件\n七、修饰语错位英语与汉语不同,同一个修饰语置于句子中不同的位置,句子的含义就有可能发生变化。例:Icandance.Itoocansing.我会跳舞,也会唱歌。析:too一般位于句尾,不能用于句首。正:Icandance.Icansingtoo.或Icandanceandsingtoo.15ppt课件\n八、结构不完整在口语中,交际可借助手势、语气、上下文等来理解结构不完整的句子。可是书面语就不同了,句子结构不完整会令句意表达不清。这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后,作者又想加些补充说明的时候。例:Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.Forexample,byTVradio,newspaperandsoon.有许多方式来了解这个社会,例如通过电视、广播、报纸等等。析:本句后半部分Forexample,byTV,radio,newspaperandsoon不是一个完整的句子,仅仅是一些不连贯的词语,不能独立成句。正:Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety,forexample,byTV,radio,andnewspaperandsoon.16ppt课件\n九、悬垂修饰语所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子逻辑关系混乱不清。例:Attheageoften,mygrandfatherdied.在我10岁时,我祖父去世了。析:attheageoften只指出10岁时祖父去世了,但没有说明是“谁”10岁时。按一般的推理不可能是mygrandfather。正:WhenIwasattheageoften,mygrandfatherdied.17ppt课件\n十、词性误用“词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用,形容词当副词用,名词当动词用等。例1:Fewpeoplecanaroundtheworld.很少人能周游世界。析:around是副词,这里误当动词用。正:Fewpeoplecantravelaroundtheworld.例2:Theplaceisdanger.这个地方危险。析:danger是名词,这里误用为形容词。正:Theplaceisdangerous.或Theplaceisindanger.18ppt课件\n十一、指代不清指代不清主要指代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。例1:Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedhertobeherbridesmaid.玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。析:此句让读者无法判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。正:Marywasfriendlytomysisterbecauseshewantedmysistertobeherbridesmaid.例2:Helpyourselftosomedrink,boysandgirls.孩子们,随便喝些饮料吧。析:句中的boysandgirls和反身代词yourself指代不一致。正:Helpyourselvestosomedrink,boysandgirls.19ppt课件\n十二、间断句子我们不能把两个或两个以上的句子简单地连结起来,应注意连结时应加上适当的词。例:Therearemanywayswegettoknowtheoutsideworld.我们有许多方式来认识外面的世界。析:这个句子包含了两层意思:Therearemanyways以及wegettoknowtheoutsideworld,简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。正:Therearemanywaysforustogettoknowtheoutsideworld.20ppt课件\n十三、累赘语言以简洁为贵。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。例:Exceptthefactthatheislazy,Ilikehim.除了他很懒外,我喜欢他。析:本句中的thefactthatheislazy是同位语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”的原则可以将其改写为:正:Excepthislaziness,Ilikehim.21ppt课件\n十四、不连贯不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。例:Thefreshwater,itisthemostimportantthingsoftheearth.淡水是世界上最重要的东西。析:Thefreshwater与逗号后面的it不连贯,同时it与things在数方面不一致。正:Thefreshwateristhemostimportantthingintheworld.22ppt课件\n十五、综合性语言错误大写字母拼写主位一致句子结构动词时态标点冠词名词单复数23ppt课件\n24ppt课件