高中状语从句课件 26页

3.Wehadtowaithalfanhour___wehadalreadybookedatable.(2007年辽宁)A．sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before4.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor’s_____Ihavetowait.(2005全国Ⅲ)A．incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asifB.althoughA．incase高考链接:1.Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview____youhaveconfidence.(2007福建)A.beforeB.onceC.untilD.though2.-----Whereisthatreport?------Ibroughtittoyou____youwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.(2007北京)A.IfB.whenC.becauseD.beforeB.onceB.when\n状语从句AdverbialClause\n时间状语从句(1).从属连词：when,whenever，while,as,after,before,since,till,until,assoonas,hardly……when…..,nosooner…..than等。(2).名词短语充当的连词：themoment,theminute,theinstant(一….就….)，everytime,eachtime,thefirsttime,the(second,third,……)lasttime,nexttime等。(3).副词充当的连词：immediately,directly,instantly(一….就…)英语状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句.\n连接词when的用法小结1.when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.2.可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：Somebodywasdoingsomething/wasabouttodosth./wasonthepointofdoingsth.when…(刚要……这时突然……)3.还可以表示原因“既然”，相当于since;consideringthat。如：Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.\nSince和as用法小结由since引导的时间状语从句。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时（注意翻译）。例如：IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.自从你离开后，我一直在北京。WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinShanghai.我妹妹不在上海住有四年了。\nas表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后”。例如：Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）Aswewasgoingout,itbegantosnow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间。）\nWhile用法小结1.引导时间状语Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio，shefellasleep.她听着收音机睡着了。2.引起让步状语从句，意思是“虽然..但是..”、“尽管..但是..”(多放于句首)Whileheloveshisstudents，heisverystrictwiththem..虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。Whiletheseexperimentsareinterestinganduseful，it　isimportanttorememberthattheymaynotalways　tellusmuch.虽然这些实验很有趣也有用，但是很重要的是要记住，这些实验也可能不会告诉你很多。3.While作并列连词用，意思为“而，然而”，表对比。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven‘tenough.有些人很浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome，whilethe　parentswereworkinginthefields.儿子在家吃好饭而父母却在地里辛勤劳作.\n小结：till,until和not…until：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.\n连接词before的小结：一、含义1．Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.2．Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.3．Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.4．BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.“……才”“不到……就”“趁……”“还没来得及”二．Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Beforetheyreachedthestation,thetrainhadgone.三．1）句型Itwillbe/was＋段时间＋before…“还要过多久才……”如：Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.2）句型Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…“不多久就……”如：Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.3）句型Itis＋段时间＋since…时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinthearmy.Itisthreeyearssinceshejoinedthearmy.\n1．Itwasnotuntilwecamebackfromoutsideoutofhisbed.A.didhegetB.whenhegotC.thathegotD.thenhegot[温馨提示]“notuntil….”结构放句首，主句要部分倒装，用在强调句型中句式为“Itis/wasnotuntil….that….”且不倒装。另外，“hardly….when”,“nosooner….than….”的结构，前句要部分倒装，后句不倒装。2．Sendmyregardstoyourlovelywifewhenyou_____home.(2006年上海)A．wroteB.willwriteC.havewrittenD.write3.Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilheonitformorethananhour.(2006年湖北)A．hasbeenworkingB.willhaveworkedC.willhavebeenworkingD.hadworkedC.thathegotD.writeA．hasbeenworking\n[温馨提示]：在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句的谓语动词应用一般现在时（如强调动作的完成，可用现在完成时），如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就用一般过去时。4.ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbelongtime___wemeetthemagain.(2007安徽)A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.whenB.before[温馨提示](1).Itwillbe+时间段+before…要过多久才……Itwillnotbe+时间段+before…不久就……Itwas+时间段+before...过了多久才……eg.Itwillnotbelongbeforeweleaveschool.(2)Itis\hasbeen+时间段+since…自从…以来已经有……eg.ItissixyearssincewebegantolearnEnglish.\n(3).Itis\was+时间点+when…eg.Itwasmidnight____Igothereyesterday.A.thatB.beforeC.sinceD.when5.Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.(2004上海)A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.oncewhile引导的时间状语从句表示”在此期间”或”一边…一边”WhileshewaswatchingTV,shewascrackingseeds.Whileyouareaway\onholiday,I’lllookafteryourcat.when(1)表示”当…的时候”(2)就在这时,那时(atthattime)固定结构:beabouttodo…when…beonthepointofdoing…when…[温馨提示]D.whenA.when\n2．条件状语从句常用连接词：if,unless(如果不，除非)，aslongas(只要)，solongas(只要),oncondition(that)(如果),provided(that),providing(that),suppose(that),supposing(that)(假若)，considering(考虑到),given(考虑到)等。6.fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(2006湖北)A．WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube高考链接：[温馨提示]：注意if条件状语从句的虚拟语气，如条件句中含有系动词were,助动词had或should,可将if省略，把were,had或should移至主语前。7.you’vetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.(2006北京)A．UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.WhenB.ShouldyoubeA．Unless\n3.地点状语从句常用的连接词：where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等。高考链接：8.——Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?——Headvisedmetolivetheairisfresher.(2006四川)A．inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where9.——wheredidyougettoknowher?——Itwasonthefarmweworked.(2007山东)A．thereB.whereC.thatD.whichD.whereB.where\n4.原因状语从句常用的连接词：because,as,for,since(既然)，nowthat(既然)等。[温馨提示]：because语气为最强，回答why提问，传递的往往是对方未了解的新信息，since常表附带的理由，for表推测性原因或进一步补充说明，且不放句首，as常表众所周知的原因。常用的连接词：though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,while,whether….or…..,however,whatever,whoever,whichever,wherever,nomatter+疑问词等。高考链接：10．,Carolinacouldn’tgetthedooropen.(2005广东)A．TryashemightB.AshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.mightasshetryA．Tryashemight5．让步状语从句\nA：Whycan’tIgo?我为什么不能去？B：Becauseyouaretooyoung.因为你太年轻了Sinceyoufeeltired,youshouldrest.Ashewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.Sincewe'vegotafewminutestowaitforthetrain,let'shaveacupofcoffee.Asitisraining,you‘dbettertakeataxi.Daybreaks,forthecockcrows.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.Iwon'tgoin,formyfatheristhere.Thereasonwhyhecannotcomeisthatheisill.\n[温馨提示]：as引导让步状语从句时必须用倒装，常把从句中作表语的名词或形容词，情态动词后的动词原形或修饰动词的副词提至as之前，注意被提前的名词前不加冠词，且主谓不倒装。另外though可用倒装，但although不倒装。11.teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.(2006山东)A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever[温馨提示]：nomatter+疑问词的结构只引导让步状语从句，疑问词-ever的连词既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句，另外，whatever强调是无范围的选择“无论什么”，whichever强调范围之中有的“无论哪个、哪种”。D.Whichever\n12．,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(2004上海春)A．HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing[温馨提示]：此句型应为“however+形/副+主+谓+其它”或“nomatterhow+形/副+主+谓+其它”however的用法如下：C.Howeveramusingthestoryis(1)表示让步：意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其词序为：however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。这样用的however其实具有连词的功能，用以引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatterhow如：Howevermuchheeats,henevergetsfat.。Peoplealwayswantmore,however[nomatterhow]richtheyare.Don’tlaugh,howeverfunnyitmaybe.无论多么有趣也不要笑。I’lltrytofinishitintime,howeverharditmaybe.(2)“however＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语”有时可以有所省略。如：Irefuse,howeverfavorabletheconditions.不管条件如何有利，我都不干。(conditions后省去了are)I’dratherhavearoomofmyown,howeversmall(itis),thansharearoom.Agrammarrule,howevertrue(itis),isuselessunlessitcanbeunderstood.一条语法规则，不管如何正确，除非能懂，否则毫无用处。\n6．方式状语从句常用的连接词：as(如同，按照)，asif,asthough等[温馨提示]：注意asif/asthough的虚拟情况，如表真实情况用陈述语气，表非真实情况用虚拟语气对比：Itgetsdarkeranddarkerintheskyasifitisgoingtorain.Hetakesgoodcareoftheboyasifhewerehisownson7.目的状语从句常用的连接词：sothat,inorderthat(以便，为了)incase(that),forfear(that),lest(以免，以防)等8．结果状语从句常用的连接词：sothat(结果，以至)，so….that…..,such….that…..(太….以至于)等。（在口语中，that可以省略)\n高考链接：13．aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(2005江西)A．SocuriousthecouplewasB.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.ThecouplewassuchcuriousD.Howcuriousthecouplewere[温馨提示]：so/such….that结构中，若so/such引导的结构置于句首时，要部分倒装。另外，so+形/副+that….形+a(an)+单数可数名词many/few+复数名词much/little+不可数名词such+a(an)+形+单数可数名词+that形+复数名词/不可数名词B.Socuriouswerethecouple\n9．比较状语从句常用的连接词：than,as….as….(notso/as….as…)the+比较级…,the+比较级….(越….越….)等.（than和as….as中的第二个as都是连词，后面从句中若是人称代词，应用主格形式，在口语中可用宾格）高考链接：14．Johnisthetallestboyintheclass,accordingtohimself.(2005安徽)A．fivefooteightastallasB.astallasfivefooteightC.asfivefooteighttallasD.astallfivefooteightas[温馨提示]：as…as….(1)与….一样（2）达….例如：astallas高达….asmany/muchas多达… aslongas长达…./(只要)asfaras远达….B.astallasfivefooteight\n17．Ifyougotoxi’an,youwillfindthepalacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly.(上海)A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose18.AsfarasIknow,hespendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingTVashe.A.doeswritingB.writesC.writingD.doestowrite[温馨提示]： as和than引导的比较状语从句中，相同的部分可以省略。A.doeswritingB.supposed15.Idon’tthinkthisfilmisbyfarthemostboring.Ihaveseen_____.(2006江西)A.betterB.worseC.thebestD.theworst16.Mr.Smithowns_____collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.(2005山东)A.largerB.alargerC.thelargerD.alargeB.worseB.alarger\n[点击状语从句中省略]19．Whenfirst__tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.(NMET2004全国卷Ⅱ)A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced20.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif____whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.(NMET2003安徽)A.seeingB.havingseenC.tohaveseenD.tosee[温馨提示]：在含有状语从句的复合句中，若从句的主语是it或与主句的主语相同，且谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be.B.introducedD.toseeeg.While(shewas)atcollege,Deliawroteanovel.If(itis)necessary,ringmeathome.If(theyare)heated,moleculesmovemorerapidly.\n[感悟高考]21．——whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?——Herushedoutoftheroom__Icouldsayaword.(2006山东)A．beforeB.untilC.whenD.after22.Inpeace,too,theRedcrossisexpectedtosendHelp__thereishumansuffering.(2006江西)A．whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever23.___Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(2007山东)A．AsB.SinceC.IfD.while24.I’dliketostudylawatuniversity__mycousinprefersgeography.(2007四川)A．thoughB.asC.whileD.for[温馨提示]while可表时间（当….时候）、表让步（尽管、虽然）、表对比（然而）、表条件（只要）A．beforeD.whereverD.whileC.while\n25．Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,___theyknewittobevaluable.(2007浙江)A．asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat26.Whilewatchingtelevision,.(2005全国Ⅲ)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellringsC.eventhoughC.weheardthedoorbellring\nThankyou!