英语：高中语法It用法详解课件 51页

It的用法\nIt用法归纳一，指代it二，形式it三，强调it四，含有it的句型\n一，指代it用来指代上文提到的事物。1.----Passmeyournose.-----Hereitis.2.Whateveryoudoandsay,askyourselfwhetheritiswelcomedbyothers.3.TheOlympicGamewillbeheldinBeijingin2008.ItmakestheChineseproud.\n2.表示时间，天气，距离，温度等。It’s10:081.Itwascoldyesterday.2.Itmaybe25kmsfromheretothetown.3.Itwasveryquietinthecafé.\n3.、作为人称代词，it可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。1.Where'smylefteye?Haveyouseenit?2.Thecatisinthegarden,isn'tit?3.Thebabycriedbecauseitishungry.4.(有人在敲门）Whoisit?\nIt’slovely\nItweighsonly3kilos.\nIt’salargesumofmoney.\n4.表示谁在做某事的句子：1.---Whoisit?---It’sme.2.Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.5.用来泛泛的指某件事：1.Itdoesn’tmatter.2.Itisashame,isn’tit?3.Soyouaregoingtobemarriedthistime？Whenisit？\n特别注意：it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。The news that they failed their driving testupset him, ________?A. did theyB.didn\‘ttheyC. did itD.didn\’tit\n2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。-Why don\‘t we have a little break? -Didn\’twe just have________?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this\n3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。Few pleasures can equal to________ of a cooldirnkon a hot day. A. someB. anyC. thatD. those\n二，形式it-------形式主语，形式宾语\n1.Itisnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.Havingtheanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.2.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.形式主语\nItisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that.....1.Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.形式主语\n2.Itisimportant(necessary，strange，natural...)that...that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形。Itisimportantthatwe(should)haveenoughrice.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.形式主语\n3.It's surprising that… (should)………竟然……例It'ssurpringthat you shouldapologize to her withoutanyreason.形式主语\n4.Itisapity(ashame...)that...that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.Itisapitythatheisilltoday.\n5.Itisourhope(aduty/anhonour...)that...例TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”译。1.很荣幸能请你来为我的小狗洗脚。It’sanhonourthatIcaninviteyoutocometowashthelegsformydog.2.照顾老人是我们的职责。It’sourdutythatwetakecareoftheold.\n6.Itissaid(reported，learned，thought, believed, knownhoped, expected, agreed, accepted, decided, planed,understood,）that...常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.译。大家都知道那只猫和那条狗明天要结婚。\n7.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that...that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.\n8.Ithappens(seems，appears,comeabout,  turn out ,)等不及物动词+that...碰巧．．./////看来．．．///似乎….Ithappened（chanced）thathemethisteacherinthestreet.译，看来他是吃错了药。Itseemsthathetookthewrongmidicine.译，结果是他吃到了五花肉（panceta)。Itturnedoutthathehadpancetafinally.\n9.Itisadj(forsb.)todosth.important，necessary，natural，impossible，unusual，rare，normal，easy，hard，difficult，dangerous，pleasant，likely, right, wrong,, , clear,obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful,等。\n10.Itisadj(ofsb.)todosth.good（好心的），nice（有教养的），polite，kind，brave，careless，honest，modest，considerate, naughty，wise，clever，thoughtful, careful,  crazy，bad，lazy，rude，cruel，foolish，silly，stupid，.等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.isadjtodosth.。Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.\n11.It替代作主语的动名词It‘s no good/use doing…It's (well)worthdoing…例It's no use crying over spilt milk.\n12.Ittakessb....todosth.“做．．．要花费某人．．．”。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.13.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...“不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.\n形式宾语1.动词+it+形容词/名词+（forsb+）todo+that从句think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,Keep…harduselessworthworthwhile…no use/no good/worth one's while/a waste of time/money/energy/words\n2.动词+it+形容词+that从（should）important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential形式宾语\nThechairmanthought___necessarytoinviteMr.ObamatovisitPeking.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him例.我认为你去参加这会议很重要。I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.形式宾语\n3.动词+it+ as+ noun/adj.+从句accept,regard,take,see,view例The speaker takes it as encouragingwhen many students attend his lecture.\n4.动词+it + tosb. + that…owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…leave it tosbthat…把…留给某人去做take it for granted that把…想当然keep it in mind that…把…记在心里例1.Don't bother to tidyyourroom.Just leave it to me to do.译，他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来。Hetookitforgrantedthathisgirlfriendwouldcomebackagain.\n5.动词+it + thatenjoy,like, /love,dislike,appreciatehate,don't mind,be fond of,feel like,see to /dependon/insiston例I hate it you can dance so wellbut I can't.\nIlike(enjoy,hate…)itwhen….Iwouldappreciateitif…\n6.动词make+it+arule+that从句译，他习惯于天亮前起床。Hemakesitarulethathegetupbeforedawn.形式宾语\n1.Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that...从句应该用虚拟语气，①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.四，含有it的句型\n2.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.含有it的句型\n3.Itis....since...。since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。“做某事已经多久了”Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.4. It is… since +延续性动词的过去式“不做某事已经多久了”例。It‘s 10 years sincehe hadbreakfast .含有it的句型\n5.Itis...when...。when引导时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.6.Itbe...before...when从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的it指时间，表语多是long，notlong，3days，2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为＂．．．之后．．．＂。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.\n例：我们该采取行动了。It‘s(about/high) time that we should take action.例 ：这是他第三次没有通过驾照考试。It’s the third time that he has failed the driving test.例：不久后他们就会到。It was not long before they arrived.含有it的句型\nIt is/was+被强调部分+that(who)…用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。强调句型\nItistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare__matters.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.itItis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他成分强调句型高考真题\nItwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgoInwhichplayis___yourbrotherappears?A.thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhereItwasinthelab___wastakenchargeofbyProfessorZhang___theydidtheexperiment.A.where;thatB.which;whereC.that;whereD.which;that强调句型被强调的部分是notuntil引导的时间状语?强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词?Inwhichplayisitthat…?Itis…that…Isit…that…?Idon’tknowinwhichplayitisthat…强调句型和各种从句高考热点?\nItwasanewbookhewantedtobuy.ItwasTomImetinthestreet.3.Itwasduringtheholidayhegottoknowthatgirl.4.ItwasintheparkIsawKatecryinglastnight.5.Itwashewholateyesterday.6.Itwastheteachertogetherwiththeboystudentswhointheclassroom.7.将1.2.句变为一般疑问句8.将3.4.5.句变为特殊疑问句waswasthatthatwhothat\n9.isithasmadePetersuccess.A.WhatthatB.ThatwhatC.WhatwhatD.ThatthatHowisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?Wherewasitthat…Whenwasitthat….Whowasitthat…Whichbookisitthat…Whosenoseisitthat…A\n10.对not…untill进行强调Hedidn’trealizehisfaultuntilhegraduatedfromhighschool.Itwasnotuntilhegraduatedfromhighschoolthatherealizehisfault.11.区分强调句型与从句Itwasintheriverheoftenswam.Hecametotheriverheoftenswam.ItwasonSundaythestrangescametoourvillage.ItwasSundaythestrangescametoourvillageItisnotuntil……that……强调句型thatWhere地点状语从句that强调句型时间状语从句when\n12.在强调句型中考查主谓一致Itwasnotluckbutdifficultiesthathimsuccess.A.makesB.makeIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirl,whotoblame.IsB.areAB\n13.强调句型中的be动词与情态动词的结合ItmighthavebeenJohnboughtitgorMaryyesterday.WhatB.sinceC.thatD.whenItmaybenextweeksheleavesforLondon.WhatB.sinceC.thatD.whenCC\n14.强调句型中含有名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，…Ihaveforgottenyouputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthereB.wherewasitthatC.thatwhereitwasD,wheritwasthatItwasatthebeginningMr.Foxmadethedecisionheshouldgoforavisittothechicken.WhenwhichB.wherethatC.thensoD.thatthatDD\n15.强调句型中含有定语从句Itwasinthesmallhousewasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfatherhespenthischildhood.whichthatB.thatwhereC.whichwhichD.thatwhichItwasplayingcomputergamescosttheboyplentyoftimeheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.Athatwhen\n16.强调句型中含有状语从句正因为他病了他才没有来。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’come.正是她妈妈进来时她才开始哭的。Itwaswhenhermothercameinthatshebegantocry.\nThankyou