高中英语it的用法课件 56页

It的用法\nIt’s10:08It’slovelyItweighsonly3kilosIt’salargesumofmoney\n2.2.指时间:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.2.3.指环境:Itwasveryquietinthecafé.2.4.指距离：Itishalfanhour’swalktothecitycentre.3.it的其他用法3.1.表示谁在做某事的句子：Whoisit?---It’sme.Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.3.2.用来泛泛的指某件事：Soyouaregoingtobemarriedthistime？Whenisit？Itdoesn’tmatter./Itisashame,isn’tit?\nit可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可以用来指时间,金钱,距离,天气等自然现象基本用法:\n____wasasunnyday.Peterdecidedtogoforawalktothepark,though_____wastwomilesaway.___wassocomfortabletowalkonthestreet.itItIt\nSuddenly___begantorain.Hefound__hardtowalkthere.Thenhetookabushome.Unfortunately___wentwrong.Whenhegothome,hewaswetthrough.Thus___wasadaythathewouldneverforget.itititit\nEg:Itwasasunnyday.Peterdecidedtogoforawalktothepark,thoughitwastwomilesaway.Summary2Itcanbeusedasimpersonalpronounstotalkabouttime,date,distanceorweatherandsoon.\nS+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth.Thechairmanthought___necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(05全国)A.thatB.itC.thisD.himSentencepatterns:B…findpossiblefeel…important/clause形式宾语\n2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth./clause3.S+V+it+nogood+doingsth.nouse形式宾语Ithinkithisdutytocleantheblackboard.Sentencepatterns:…aruleanhonour\n……findpossibleS+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth./clausefeelimportant……Sentencepatterns:形式宾语…arule2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth./clauseanhonour…3.S+V+it+nogood+doingsth.nouse\nIlike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(04全国)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate等)或包含介词的动词短语(如seeto,dependon等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.Ilike(enjoy,hate…)itwhenIwouldappreciateitif……seeto(dependon…)itthatSentencepatterns:C形式宾语\nItisnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.Havingtheanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.2.TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”3.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.形式主语高考真题\nItisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that.....该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）”　是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.\n4.Itisimportant(necessary，strange，natural...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气.Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported，learned....)that...ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.\n6.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that...该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.\n7.Itisapity(ashame...)that...该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遗憾！8.Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that...该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.\n9.Itisthefirst(second...)timethatsbhas/havedonesthItwasthefirsttimethatsbhaddonesthItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.10.Itis....since...。该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.\n11.Itis...when...。该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe...before...该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long，notlong，3days，2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“．．．之后．．．”。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.\n13.Ithappens(seems，appears)that...该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧．．.Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看来．．．14.Ittakessb....todosth.IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.\n15.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood，(notanygood)，nouse，(notanyuse)。ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为　＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.\n17.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教养的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.iskindtodosth.。Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.\n18.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：①important，necessary，natural②easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant等。=在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.\n…possibleItis/was+adj.necessary+(forsb.)todosth./clauseimportant……one’sdutyIt+is/was+n.one’shope+clause/(forsb.)todosth.anhonour……saidItis/wasp.p.known+that-clausebelieved…形式主语\nItistheabilitytodothejob__mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.itItis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他成分强调句型高考真题\n㈡.it的重要句型1.Itis+被强调部分+that...该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.\n2.Itisnotuntil+被强调部分+that...该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是not...until...的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.\nItwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgoInwhichplayis___yourbrotherappears?A.thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhereItwasinthelab___wastakenchargeofbyProfessorZhang___theydidtheexperiment.A.where;thatB.which;whereC.that;whereD.which;that强调句型被强调的部分是notuntil引导的时间状语?强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词?Inwhichplayisitthat…?Itis…that…Isit…that…?Idon’tknowinwhichplayitisthat…强调句型和各种从句高考热点?\nTheParkersboughtanewhousebut___willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound___welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them3.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan___inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those易误辨析:it/one/thatBACthehousethattheParkersboughtahousetheair\n1.It’syears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.2.Itwillbeyears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintthisbeautifulpicture.3.Itwasyears___(since,before,after,that)Ipaintedthisbeautifulpicture.4.It’sforyears___(since,before,after,that)Ihavepaintedthisbeautifulpicture.易误辨析:表示从since从句谓语动作发生以后到现在所经过的一段时间，译为“自从......以来已多久了”Itis+时间段+since(过去时)...表示从过去某一时间到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才/就做了…”It+was+时间段+before(过去时)…表示从现在起到before从句谓语动作发生所经过的一段时间,译为“多长时间后才会/就会做…”It+willbe+时间段+before(一般现在时)…______________________\nTranslatethefollowing:过了很久他才回来.2.我们很久后才会见面的.3.我离开这所学校已经很久了.Itwaslongbeforehecameback.Itwillbelongbeforewemeetagain.ItislongsinceIleftthisschool.Itis+时间段+since(过去时)...It+willbe+时间段+before(一般现在时)…It+was+时间段+before(过去时)…易误辨析:\n在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有:makeit成功，安排在或定在某时间forgetit别提了，忘了它吧Don’tmentionit别提了，表示不用谢Itdoesn’tmatter没关系It(That)depends视情况而定Youguessedit你猜着了It’shardtosay很难说It’suptoyoutodosth.由你来决定做某事\nDoyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?Someexpertssaythatscientificadvanceswillonedayenablehumanstolasttensofyearsbeyondwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimitofthehumanlifespan…Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180years,”hesaid.“Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.”However,manyscientistswhospecializeinageingaredoubtfulaboutit.(04全国D)Theunderlined“it”refersto____A.agreatpushB.theideaoflivingbeyondthepresentlifespanC.theideaoflivingfrom200to300yearsD.theconservativeestimateReadingcomprehension\n1.IfIcanhelp___,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them2.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade___herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it3.I’dappreciate___ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you4.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It\n5.Ijustwonder___thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.whatisitD.whatitis6.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed___to___andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself7.It’salready10o’clockIwonderhowit___thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup\n“It”试题解析1.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which\n“It”试题解析2.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but____didn’thelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it\n“It”试题解析3.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it\n4.Doyouhaveenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_________?A.itB.themC.thatD.one“It”试题解析√5.Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?Didn’twejusthave__________?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this√\n“It”试题解析6.-Hewasnearlydrownedonce.-Whenwas_________?-____wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;this\n7.Itwasnotuntil1920______regularradiobroadcastsbegan.A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since“It”试题解析C\n8.Coulditbeintherestaurantin_____youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday_________youleftbehindyourkeysandwallet?A.that,whichB.which,thatC.where,thatD.that,where“It”试题解析B\nItcouldbeintherestaurantin_______youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday_________youleftbehindyourkeysandwallet.高考试题解析therestaurant(in_______youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday)whichintherestaurantthat\nTheUsageof“it”基本用法常见用法特殊用法三个考点三个句型三个句型三个替代词三个it后接时间段的句型易误辨析强调句型形式主语形式宾语Summary\n1.(2005,全国Ⅲ)ThedoctoradvisedVesastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but__didn’thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he正确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。2.(2004,全国Ⅲ)-Doyoulike__here?-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingisnice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.It正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用于不确定指代或模糊指代。3.(2000,上海)Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee__.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。\n4.(2007,全国Ⅰ)–Haveyouheardthelatestnews?–No,what__?A.isitB.isthereC.aretheyD.arethose正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的latestnews。5.(2006,全国Ⅰ)IfIcanhelp__,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them正确答案：C。help是“阻止、避免”的意思，it指代下文的事情。6.(2002,北京)-Hewasnearlydrownedonce.-Whenwas_?-__wasin1998whenhewasinMiddleSchool.A.that,ItB.this,ThisC.this,ItD.that,This正确答案：A。it指时间。7.(2005，浙江)We’vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven’tfound__welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them正确答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。\n8.（2005，江苏）I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan__inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those正确答案：C。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代theair，且有inthecity后置定语修饰。9.(2004,北京)TheForeignMinistersaid,“__ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.A、ThisisB、ThereisC、ThatisD、Itis正确答案：D由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。10.(2005,上海)____intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires正确答案：C。it为形式主语，在此结构中done为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必须用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。\n11.(2004,上海春)Itwasfoolishofhimto__hisnotesduringthatimportanttest,andasaresult,hegotpunished.A.sticktoB.refertoC.keeptoD.pointto正确答案：B。短语辨析题，referto有“参考”的意思，符合句意。12.(2006,全国Ⅱ)Itisno__arguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.A.useB.helpC.timeD.way分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。13.(2007,天津)Hedidn’tmake__clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these正确答案：C。it为形式宾语，clear后的从句为真正的宾语。14.(2006,湖南)AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade__herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople’saffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it正确答案：D。真正宾语为不定式。\n15.(2005,江苏)–Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe__toMiamibuttoNewYork?–Iagree,buttheproblemis__hehasrefusedto.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what正确答案：B。表示“理应如此”需用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。在做it形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果从句表示的是“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，需用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。16、(2004,全国Ⅰ)Ilike__intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A、thisB、thatC、itD、one正确答案：C。love/enjoy/hate和like的用法相同，后接宾语从句时需用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。\n17、(2003,上海)Iwouldappreciateit__youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.A、untilB、ifC、whenD、that正确答案：B。18.(1998，上海)Don’t__thatallthosewhogetgoodgradesintheentranceexaminationwillprovetobemostsuccessful.A.takeasgrantedB.takethisforgrantedC.takethatforgrantedD.takeitforgranted正确答案：D。takeitforgrantedthat…意为：想当然的认为某事。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句。另外我们也应该注意：depend(rely)onit（相信某事）和seetoit（负责某事）的用法。19.(2008,全国Ⅱ)ItwasinNewZealand__ElizabethfirstmetMr.Smith.A.thatB.howC.whichD.when正确答案：A。将itwas去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查it的强调句型。\n20.(2004,福建)Itwaswithgreatjoy__hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that正确答案：D。21.(1997,全国)Wasit__thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.youB.notyouC.yourselfD.thatyourself正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that…将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉Itis/was…that结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。22.Is__student__wascaughtsmokingintheclassroom?A.itthat,thatB.thatit,itC.itit,thatD.itwhich,that正确答案：A。\n23.(2004,上海)Why!Ihavenothingtoconfess.__youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.Howitisthat正确答案：A。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：wh-+is/wasitthat+其它成分，故选B。24.(2005,山东)-__thathemanagedtogettheinformation?-Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit正确答案：C。\n25.(2007,浙江)It__wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks__Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.was;whenB.wasthat;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that正确答案：D。易判断这是考查notuntil的强调形式。26.(2008，重庆)Itwasnotuntilmidnight__theyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as正确答案：A。27.(2007,山东)–Wheredidyougettoknowher?–Itwasonthefarm_weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where正确答案：D。答句完整形式应为：ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.\n28.-Whomadesuchastupidmistake?-__Tom.A.ItwasB.HewasC.ThatwasD.Therewas正确答案：A。答句完整形式应为：ItwasTomwhomadesuchastupidmistake.29.Itwastheuniversity__hewasteaching__senthimtoAmerica.A.which;thatB.where;thatC.that;whichD.that;had正确答案：B。本题是考查：itwas+university+引导的定语从句+that…。30.(2007,陕西)Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright__isofimportance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this正确答案：C。本题是考查强调句型和名词性从句连用。\n31.(2006,辽宁)Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired__herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as正确答案：A。本题是考查强调句型和状语从句连用。32.ItmighthavebeenTom__boughtJohnanewpenyesterday.A.whatB.sinceC.thatD.then正确答案：C。去掉Itmighthavebeen…that句子仍然是完整的，所以选C。33、(2008,北京)I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime__Briangetsback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after正确答案：A。Itbe+时间+before…表示过了一段时间才……34.(2006,福建)–Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe__Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?-Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before正确答案：D\n35、(2005,安徽)Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears__Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since正确答案：D。36、(2006,四川)–It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.-ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,__wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when正确答案：B。易判断本题是考查同位语从句。37.(2006,重庆)Isn’tittimeyougotdownto__thepapers?markB.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking正确答案：D。gotdownto是“开始从事”的意思，to不是不定式符号，而是介词后跟名词或者-ing形式。\n38.(2005,安徽)-Shallwegototheartexhibitionrightaway?-__.A.It’syouropinionB.Idon’tmindC.It’alluptoyouD.That’syourdecision39、(2006,湖北)–Youknowwhocameyesterday?-YaoMing?Wehadsbasketballmatch.-__Hecameandwatchedthegame.A.Youguessedit!B.Howdidyouknowthat?C.Welldone!D.Thatwasgoodnews!正确答案：A。由具体语境易做出正确选择。40.(2008,天津)–HowmuchdoIownyouforlunch?-__.It’snothing.A.You’rewelcomeB.ForgetitC.WithpleasureD.That’sallright正确答案：B。