keshang高中定语从句课件一 30页

TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)\n1.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor2.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。.DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?\nTheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词\n5.限定性定语从句：对先行词起到修饰限制的作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。6.非限定性定语从句：同主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明，不起限制的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开。LastweekImetJohn,whoseemedtobeveryexcited.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.\n二.关系词的分类关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why二.关系词的分类\n三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语\n①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who,whom\n③which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.which\nHeistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that\n⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose\n难用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken\n2.关系代词的用法注意点(1)that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如：Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?\n②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,everything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如：ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.\n④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如：TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.\n(2)that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况，多用who。(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。如：Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为those,he和people时。如：Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.\n(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点①whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。②whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：Thebossinwhosedepartmentheworkedhadheardthenews.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。(3)whose引导的定语从句注意点\n④whose的先行词指物时，可用ofwhich代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich，或=ofwhich+the+名词。如：Thenovelwhosetitle(=thetitleofwhich或ofwhichthetitle)isRedandBlackisveryinteresting.③whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。\n(4)关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：Thosewhoareagainsttheplanputupyourhands.Tomisoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedbytheteacheryesterday.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraisedbytheteacheryesterday.(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致\nThescientistwhowemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhomintheworld.thatØ(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedresswhichsheiswearingisnew.thatØ(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.巩固练习：1.用定语从句合并句子巩固练习1：用定语从句合并句子\n(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.HeisthekindpersonwhoIhaveeverworkedwith.whomthatØThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Ø\n1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger.3.Thegirl________motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.5.Ican’tfindthebook________________youlenttome.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that(that/which)巩固练习：2.用适当的关系词填空巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空\n四.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句1.介词的选用原则：根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8dollars.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars.四.“介词+which/whom”引导的从句，1.介词选用原则\n(2)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.\n2.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor.Ican’tfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting.2.介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用\n3.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that(指物),who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dadisaperson________________Icaneasilytalkto.Isthistheplay___________youweretalkingaboutjustnow?3.介词位于句末，关系代词的使用\n4.在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：Thisisthewatch(that/which)Iamlookingfor.Thebabies(who/whom/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.4.含介词的固定搭配动词短语的使用\n5.先行词是theway，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。Ididn'tliketheway_______________shetalkedtome.Theway_________________heteachesEnglishisinteresting.（that/inwhich）（that/inwhich）5.先行词为theway，关系词的使用\nEg:1.Heissuchaman______nevertellsalie.2.Heisthemodelworker__________weshouldlearnfrom.3.Adictionaryisabook_______oftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords.4.Thisisthefilm_________Ilikebest.5.Theboy_________fatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.6.Thehouse________roofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.who(whom/who)which/that(that/which)whosewhose\n(which/that)who/thatwhosewhich/that7.Ihaveafriend___________likeslisteningtotheclassicalmusic.8.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_____________Igaveher.9.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeagoodfootballplayer.10.Kateisreadingabook____________istoodifficultforher.\nThankyou