英语：高中语法It用法详解课件 51页

It的用法\nIt用法归纳一，指代it二，形式it三，强调it四，含有it的句型\n一，指代it用来指代上文提到的事物。1.----Passmeyournose.-----Hereitis.2.Whateveryoudoandsay,askyourselfwhetheritiswelcomedbyothers.3.TheOlympicGamewillbeheldinBeijingin2008.ItmakestheChineseproud.\n2.表示时间，天气，距离，温度等。It’s10:081.Itwascoldyesterday.2.Itmaybe25kmsfromheretothetown.3.Itwasveryquietinthecafé.\n3.、作为人称代词，it可以用来指东西、动物、婴儿和未确定身份的人。1.Where'smylefteye?Haveyouseenit?2.Thecatisinthegarden,isn'tit?3.Thebabycriedbecauseitishungry.4.(有人在敲门）Whoisit?\nIt’slovely\nItweighsonly3kilos.\nIt’salargesumofmoney.\n4.表示谁在做某事的句子：1.---Whoisit?---It’sme.2.Herfacelightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.5.用来泛泛的指某件事：1.Itdoesn’tmatter.2.Itisashame,isn’tit?3.Soyouaregoingtobemarriedthistime？Whenisit？\n特别注意：it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。The news that they failed their driving testupset him, ________?A. did they　B. didn\‘t theyC. did it　D. didn\’t it\n2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。-Why don\‘t we have a little break? -Didn\’t we just have________?A. it　B. that　C. one　D. this\n3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。Few pleasures can equal to________ of a cool dirnk on a hot day. A. some　B. any　C. that　D. those\n二，形式it-------形式主语，形式宾语\n1.Itisnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.Havingtheanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.2.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.形式主语\nItisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that.....1.Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.形式主语\n2.Itisimportant(necessary，strange，natural...)that...that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形。Itisimportantthatwe(should)haveenoughrice.　　Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.形式主语\n3.It's surprising that… (should)………竟然……例 It's surpring that you shouldapologize to her withoutanyreason.形式主语\n4.Itisapity(ashame...)that...that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.Itisapitythatheisilltoday.\n5.Itisourhope(aduty/anhonour...)that...例TheForeignMinistersaid,“Itisourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”译。1.很荣幸能请你来为我的小狗洗脚。It’sanhonourthatIcaninviteyoutocometowashthelegsformydog.2.照顾老人是我们的职责。It’sourdutythatwetakecareoftheold.\n6.Itissaid(reported，learned，thought, believed, knownhoped, expected, agreed, accepted, decided, planed, 　understood, ）that...常译为“据说（据报道，据悉．．．）”。Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.译。大家都知道那只猫和那条狗明天要结婚。\n7.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that...that　后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.\n8.Ithappens(seems，appears,comeabout,  turn out ,)等不及物动词+that...碰巧．．./////看来．．．///似乎….Ithappened（chanced）thathemethisteacherinthestreet.译，看来他是吃错了药。Itseemsthathetookthewrongmidicine.译，结果是他吃到了五花肉（panceta)。Itturnedoutthathehadpancetafinally.\n9.Itisadj(forsb.)todosth.important，necessary，natural，impossible，unusual，rare，normal，easy，hard，difficult，dangerous，pleasant， likely, right, wrong,, , clear,obvious, certain, suitable, proper, useful, 等。\n10.Itisadj(ofsb.)todosth.good（好心的），nice（有教养的），polite，kind，brave，careless，honest，modest，considerate, naughty，wise，clever，thoughtful, careful,  crazy，bad，lazy，rude，cruel，foolish，silly，stupid，. 等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.isadjtodosth.。　Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.\n11.It替代作主语的动名词It‘s no good/use doing…It's (well)worthdoing…例It's no use crying over spilt milk.\n12.Ittakessb....todosth.“做．．．要花费某人．．．”。IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.13.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether(if)...“不论（是否）．．．没关系．．．。Itdoesn’tmatteriftheyareold.\n形式宾语1.动词+it+形容词/名词+（forsb+）todo+that从句think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,Keep…harduselessworthworthwhile…no use/no good/worth one's while/a waste of time/money/energy/words\n2.动词+it+形容词+that从（should）important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential形式宾语\nThechairmanthought___necessarytoinviteMr.ObamatovisitPeking.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him例 .我认为你去参加这会议很重要。I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.形式宾语\n3. 动词+it+ as+ noun/adj.+从句accept,regard,take,see,view例 The speaker takes it as encouragingwhen many students attend his lecture.\n4. 动词 +it + tosb. + that…owe it to sb. that…把…归功于… 　　leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做 　　take it for granted that 把…想当然 　　keep it in mind that… 把…记在心里例 1.Don't bother to tidyyourroom.Just leave it to me to do.译，他想当然的以为女朋友会再回来。Hetookitforgrantedthathisgirlfriendwouldcomebackagain.\n5.动词 +it + thatenjoy,like, /love,dislike,appreciatehate,don't mind,be fond of,feel like,see to /dependon/insiston例 I hate it you can dance so wellbut I can't.\nIlike(enjoy,hate…)itwhen….Iwouldappreciateitif…\n6.动词make+it+arule+that从句译，他习惯于天亮前起床。Hemakesitarulethathegetupbeforedawn.形式宾语\n1.Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that...从句应该用虚拟语气，①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省，常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂　　Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.　　=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.四，含有it的句型\n2.Itisthefirst(second...)timethat...ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.含有it的句型\n3.Itis....since...。since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。“做某事已经多久了”Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.4. It is… since +延续性动词的过去式“不做某事已经多久了”例。 It‘s 10 years sincehe hadbreakfast .含有it的句型\n5.Itis...when...。when引导时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.6.Itbe...before...when从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的it指时间，表语多是long，notlong，3days，2weeks等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为＂．．．之后．．．＂。Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.\n例：我们该采取行动了。It‘s(about/high) time that we should take action.例 ：这是他第三次没有通过驾照考试。It’s the third time that he has failed the driving test.例：不久后他们就会到。It was not long before they arrived.含有it的句型\nIt is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)…用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。强调句型\nItistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare__matters.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.itItis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他成分强调句型高考真题\nItwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgoInwhichplayis___yourbrotherappears?A.thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhereItwasinthelab___wastakenchargeofbyProfessorZhang___theydidtheexperiment.A.where;thatB.which;whereC.that;whereD.which;that强调句型被强调的部分是notuntil引导的时间状语?强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词?Inwhichplayisitthat…?Itis…that…Isit…that…?Idon’tknowinwhichplayitisthat…强调句型和各种从句高考热点?\nItwasanewbookhewantedtobuy.ItwasTomImetinthestreet.3.Itwasduringtheholidayhegottoknowthatgirl.4.ItwasintheparkIsawKatecryinglastnight.5.Itwashewholateyesterday.6.Itwastheteachertogetherwiththeboystudentswhointheclassroom.7.将1.2.句变为一般疑问句8.将3.4.5.句变为特殊疑问句waswasthatthatwhothat\n9.isithasmadePetersuccess.A.WhatthatB.ThatwhatC.WhatwhatD.ThatthatHowisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?Wherewasitthat…Whenwasitthat….Whowasitthat…Whichbookisitthat…Whosenoseisitthat…A\n10.对not…untill进行强调Hedidn’trealizehisfaultuntilhegraduatedfromhighschool.Itwasnotuntilhegraduatedfromhighschoolthatherealizehisfault.11.区分强调句型与从句Itwasintheriverheoftenswam.Hecametotheriverheoftenswam.ItwasonSundaythestrangescametoourvillage.ItwasSundaythestrangescametoourvillageItisnotuntil……that……强调句型thatWhere地点状语从句that强调句型时间状语从句when\n12.在强调句型中考查主谓一致Itwasnotluckbutdifficultiesthathimsuccess.A.makesB.makeIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirl,whotoblame.IsB.areAB\n13.强调句型中的be动词与情态动词的结合ItmighthavebeenJohnboughtitgorMaryyesterday.WhatB.sinceC.thatD.whenItmaybenextweeksheleavesforLondon.WhatB.sinceC.thatD.whenCC\n14.强调句型中含有名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，…Ihaveforgottenyouputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthereB.wherewasitthatC.thatwhereitwasD,wheritwasthatItwasatthebeginningMr.Foxmadethedecisionheshouldgoforavisittothechicken.WhenwhichB.wherethatC.thensoD.thatthatDD\n15.强调句型中含有定语从句Itwasinthesmallhousewasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfatherhespenthischildhood.whichthatB.thatwhereC.whichwhichD.thatwhichItwasplayingcomputergamescosttheboyplentyoftimeheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.Athatwhen\n16.强调句型中含有状语从句正因为他病了他才没有来。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’come.正是她妈妈进来时她才开始哭的。Itwaswhenhermothercameinthatshebegantocry.\nThankyou