高中英语改错课件 24页

短文改错应考策略考点归纳\nLearningaimsToknowaboutthetypesofmistakesTomasterthecorrectingmethodsToimprovetheabilityofcorrectingTocompletetherelatedexercises\nWhatispassagecorrecting?满分10分，本题给出一篇约100个单词的短文，文中有10处错误，错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误即将其改正。\n1.短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或类似学生的作品。2.内容来自学生身边的常见话题。3.篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。4.语言明白易懂。5.基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。6.试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生写作能力中的校验能力。短文改错的话题选择\n短文改错的命题特点高考英语改错的短文类似于出自学生的习作。短文改错值得注意的动向：灵活性加大，个别句子结构较复杂，有一定的难度。短文改错题得满分不容易。1.设疑以句为单位，每句最多两处；2.设疑类型通常为1多1少8错；3.考点多为词法，其次为句法。\nRequirements下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（丛第11处起）不计分\n解题指导要提高短文改错的解题能力，不仅需要平时有计划地按照语言知识的难易程度、语言使用规律，由浅入深、由简到繁地进行训练，而且还应掌握一定的解题技巧，以减少盲目性。根据短文改错的命题特点，我们可以按照以下四步进行备考快速练习。第一步：审题。通读全文，了解大意。全面把握文章整体(时态、题材及内容)。第二步：重读全文，应先确定一些明显的错误，以便疏通短文，化繁为简，为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面着手，逐句而不是逐行地分析、找错。第三步：综观全篇，看错误类型的比例是否得当、前后逻辑是否一致、有无前后矛盾等现象。第四步：认真检查，避免出现以下错误：符号不规范；一个词改为几个或几个改为一个；该大写的未大写；合成词只改了其中一部分等。\n短文改错应注意的问题四不改:①标点符号不改。②大小写不改。③词序错误不改。④单词拼写不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。Don'tforget!\n【改错策略】综观全文通文意，瞻前顾后看时态；见到谓语找主语，主谓一致找状语；见到名词想单复，是否可数要牢记；见到代词找指代，指代通常不合理；见到平行看结构，形式功能要对称；冠词词性主被动，固定搭配要熟记；名从定从与状从，引词作用须搞清；andbutor或so，逻辑关系要理顺；句中谓语就一个,其余动词非谓语；-ing表主动/性质,-ed形式表被动/状态，目的要用不定式。\n考点应对策略归纳：1.抓主语，看谓语，主谓关系要统一（语态、一致和时态，语气,形式需考虑）1）AnEnglishladywasfinallydecidedthatshereallyshouldlearntodrive.2）Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.3）Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.4)Ofcourse,whenmymotherwasasked,“Haveyou…”5)Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.6)CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding.keptarereadseen\n2.名词性质要关注，可数与否须清楚。名词具有受限性，限制(特指、确指和泛指）、修饰要重视。1)KatecovereditwithalotofChristmaslight.2)…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.3)Goodhealthisperson’smostvaluablepossession.4)Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports.5)Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream.6)Weclimbeverywhere,notonlyinAmerica.WehavebeentoEuropemanytime.7)Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages.awatertimeslibrarieslightssubjects\n注意：①.常考的不可数名词advice（建议），furniture（家具），clothing（衣服）,fun（乐趣），homework（家庭作业）,information（信息）,paper（纸）,baggage/luggage（行李）,work（工作）,fruit（水果）,harm（损害）,news（新闻）,progress（进步）,traffic（交通）,trouble（麻烦）,weather（天气）word(消息)等。这些名词前不能直接用冠词或数词修饰，而应该与某些特定的单位名词连用，来表示"量"的概念。如：apieceofnews/advice,anarticleofclothing/furniture②.单复数同形的词means（方式）,works（工厂）,sheep（绵羊）,deer（鹿）等。注意正确区分它们的数：everymeans(单数)，allmeans（复数）。\n③.名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误。确定名词单复数的方法：①看修饰语。可数名词前若有数词及many,alotof,quiteafew,oneof…,allthe(one’s)…等修饰时，要用复数。不可数名词前常有：much,alittle,little,agreatdealof...②主谓的一致。③可数名词前无单数修饰语，一定要用复数。④看其他限定。\n3.代词出现不起眼，指代不明生疑点，验名正身别怕烦，确保一致心里安。1)Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,“WhatcanIdo?”2)Finally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.3)Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.4)IlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedme.5)Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.theymyselftheirwe\n4.英汉词性易混乱，形、副、名、介较常见，成分关系是关键。形作定表，副作状，名词功能莫要忘。1.Hecamebacklatelylastnight.2.Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.3.Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework.4.Charlessaid,“AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding,Iwanttoclimbit.5.Hepracticedhardandpastthedriving-test.6.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytime.7.Unfortunate，therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.8.Thebeautifulofthelakeattractsusalot.latequietangrilyreallypassedwonderfulUnfortunatelybeauty\n注意：①.形似副词的形容词：friendly,likely,lovely,lively,lonely,timely等②.既是形容词又是副词的词有：:fast,hard,enough,early,late,straight,high,far,daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等\n5.连接词语需检验，逻辑关系前后辨。1.Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo.2.ItoldMother,Father,Sister,allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad.3.ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan’taffordtofailit.4.Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.5.ThemarketatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandXinhuaRoadhasgivenwaytoasupermarket.Besidesthebookstorenexttoourmiddleschoolisstillthere.6.Itstartedtorisehigheragain.Soitwasstilltooclosetothewater.7.I’dliketostaythereforhalfamonth,visitingplacesofinterestorpracticingmyEnglishaswell.butandandandButButand\n6.介词多少也要看，搭配错误较常见。1.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.2.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.3.AtChristmasEve,JimwentwithhisfathertochooseaChristmastree.4.Afterfiveyearsawayinmyhometown,Ifindthat…5.AsyouareverypopularwithusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.6.,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.7.…sothatwecanhelpeachotheronthecoursework.offorOnfromwithwith\n7.非谓语动词是考点，见面验证别嫌烦。1.Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…2.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.3.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.4.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.5.Lookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.6.Ihaveoftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou.7.Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…tovisitedtalkingbecomehearingtalkingPlaying\n1.Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast.2.Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher.3.Myteacheradvisedmenottolosemyheart.4.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.5.IthinkI’demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing.6.IliveinBeijing，whereisthecapitalofChina.7.Itturnedouttobeherowncup,thatshe’dleftontheshelfbymistake.8.固定搭配看清楚，习惯用法要关注。句式特点整体看，引导词语是关键。whyhowwhichwhich\n(2011年辽宁)InearlyJanuarythisyear,therateofUFOreportsweresteady,aroundthreeperweeks.Whenhowever,onMonday,January16,asciencefictionfilmaboutvisitorstoouterspacewasshownontelevision,therewasthe immediateincreaseinreportsofsightingsfromallpartsoftheStates.Thecommandingofficer,WayneTyler,whodirectlyresponsibleforthestudyofallsuchreports,decidedtomaking hisfindingsknown.They wroteanarticle,whichsaidthatallUFOreportscouldbeexplainedforquitenaturallybyaircraftmovements.Follow thisexplanation,therewasarapiddropinthenumberofreportedsightings,because therateremainedabovethepreviouslevel.werewasweeksweektofromthean∧was/ismakingmakeTheyHeFollowFollowingbecausealthough/though/but/yet\Exercise:\n(09)DearMrsWinthorp,Somyfirstweekatcollegeisover!NolecturesthismorningsoIthinkI’demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing.I’mgladtosaythatanythinghasworkedoutfineinthedorm.Irememberaskingforaroomasfarawayfromtheliftsaspossibleandtheyfindmeacomfortableoneonsecondfloor.TherearetwogirlsfrommycoursehereandIplantomakefriendwiththemsothatwecanhelpeachotheronthecoursework.Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere.Well,Ihadbettertostopnow.I’mgoingtoattendminefirstlessonthisafternoon,forI’vegotsomepreparationtomake,Keepintouch.Best,Carolhoweverythingfoundthefriendswithwarmmyso\n（10改错）Mysistersawalovelycupwhenweareshoppingtheotherday.Shelikeditatonce.Thenshebentdownandpickeduptolookatapriceonit.Asshedidthis,lotsofteasplashedonhisT-shirt!Ihadtotryhardlynottolaughathershockedface!Mysisterwantedgetoutoftheshopasfastasshecouldwhenashopassistantcameovertous.Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup,thatshe’dleftontheshelfbymistake.Theassistantwasclearlyasembarrassingasmysister,forIjustthoughtitwasfunny!wereittheherhardtowhichembarrassedbut/yet/while\nBestWishes！Goodbye!