《朝阳县柳城高中》PPT课件 12页

YOUAREWELCOME朝阳县柳城高中：马云彩王顶举\n短文改错专题讲座短文改错是目前高考的必考项目.内容较为浅显,又多为记叙文.该题并非难题，但得分率不高,究其原因,与认识短文改错的特点和做题方法不无关系.首先让我们来认识一下该题的特点:1.改错题内容较为浅显,题材较为轻松,又都是中学生平时喜闻乐见的记叙文.2.改错题一般在10行以上,每行8-12词,共计120词左右.3.改错题多半按1:1:2:6或1:2:1:6的原则设计,即正确为1,多词为1-2,少词为1-2,错词为6.\n短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注一．动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：NMET’98Myfavoritesportisfootball.Iwasamemberofourschoolfootballteam.NMET’00Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。amare\n二．名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数，或不可数名词变复数．例如：NMET’01…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.三．区分形和副即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：MET’95I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.NMET’99Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。wonderfulUnfortunatelysubjects\n四．非谓语动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：NMET’97…inmysparetime,butnowIaminterestinginfootball.NMET’98Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…NMET’01Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycanmakesure…上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。五．习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。interestedPlayingto∧\n例如：NMET’96Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationand…NMET’98Wemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminsteadourselves.六．句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：NMET’96TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaand…NMET’97IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受汉语习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。七．逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：for改成ofInstead后加ofwerewhere改成which\nNMET’96TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.NMET’97First,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.NMET’99…nowayofsettingthematterexceptbysellingtheset.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but,and,or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：NMET’00Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.NMET’01Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.NMET’01Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.下面是全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做。their去掉moreeveryoneandorthe\n英语改错训练(一)LastweekmyparentsandItookatwo-daytriptoEmeiMountaininSichuan.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamous76._____Mountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.Theweather77._____Wasfine.Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootof78._____themountain,thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.Aswe79._____climbedthemountain,wewatchedmonkeys,visitingtemples80._____andtoldstories.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicture81._____sincethescenerywassobeautiful.Thetimepassesquickly.82._____Eveningcamedown.Wespentthenightinahotelatthetop83._____ofthemountain.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewas84._____good.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmy85._____headtouchedthepillow.∧a√∧whenusvisitedpicturespassedbutatdown\n短文改错的训练方法三步法：1.通读全文，掌握大意短文改错一般是一篇完整的的短文而不是一个孤立的单词。它既有句法，语法方面的错误也有逻辑意义上的混乱。例如：Ｗemustwritethenumberofbook,Itstitleandthenameoftheauthoronapieceofpaper,signit,thenhandittotheLibrarianinordertoborrowthebook.Youcankeepitforweeks.2.逐句分析，找出深层错误重读全文，应先确定一些明显的错误，以便疏通短文，化繁为简，为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面着手，逐句而不是逐行地分析、找错。3.复读全文，检查调整每个错误找出以后，应再回头把改正后的文章读一遍。检查改过的地方是否准确，前后是否有矛盾的地方，以进行必要的修改和调整\n英语改错训练（二)Whenyouaretravelingabroad,itisimportancetofollow1.________thecustomsofthecountrywhereyouarevisiting.Ifyouareinvited2.______toahomeinBritain,hereissomeadvices.Assoonasyouareinvited,3._____itisgoodmannerstorefuseoracceptaninvitation,eitherby4.________writingorbytelephoning.Whenyougototheparty,itispolite5.________toarriveatontime.Itisgoodmannerstoshakehandswithyour6.________hostandanyguest.Youcantakeapresentifyoulike,7.________possibleabottleofwine,aboxofchocolatesorsomeflowers.8.________However,itwasnotbadmannerstotakenothing.Itisnotpolite9.________tostaytoolatebeforetheotherguestshavegone.Ofcourse,10.________itisgoodmannerstowriteortelephoneadayortwolatertothankyourhost.∧importantwhich/thatadvicethe√atotherpossiblyisafter\n短文改错训练(三)Knowwhattodoincaseoffireisimportant.1.Ifthefirebrokeout,whatwouldyoudo?First,you2.shouldwarneveryoneinthehouseaboutthedangerous.3.Don'tpanic（惊慌）orstartshouting.Becalmlyand4.actfast.Second,youandalltheothersshouldgooutof5.thehouse.Don'tstoppedtotakeanythingwithyou.Once6.youareoutofthehouse,stayout.Donotcomeback7.foranyreason.Finally,beforeyouareoutofthehouse,8.callthefiredepartment.Donottrytoputoutofthefire9.yourself.Thatcanverydangerous.10.Knowingadangercalm√stopgowhen/afterofbe∧／／\nTHANKYOU!