最新人教版高中英语必修三Unit3-Grammar-高中课件精选精品课件 66页

NounClauses1第一页，共66页。\n指出下列名词(míngcí)在句中所做的成分。1.Theworldlovesnature.2.Knowledgeispower.3.WeChinesearepeace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicative2第二页，共66页。\n名词(míngcí)性从句名词性从句(cónɡjù)在功能上相当于名词主语(zhǔyǔ){Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{3第三页，共66页。\n宾语(bīnyǔ){Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语{Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.4第四页，共66页。\n什么(shénme)叫名词性从句？在句子中起名词(míngcí)作用的句子叫名词(míngcí)从句。(NounClauses)名词(míngcí)从句的功能相当于名词(míngcí)词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词(míngcí)从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。5第五页，共66页。\n名词(míngcí)性从句nounclause主语(zhǔyǔ)从句subjectclause宾语(bīnyǔ)从句objectclause表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句appositiveclause6第六页，共66页。\n名词性从句中的连接词有:连词:that/whether/asif(though)连接代词(dàicí):what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever7第七页，共66页。\n1.Theyaregooddoctors.Hetoldus.→2.Hehadn’tsaidanythingatthemeeting.Thefactsurprisedus.→Hetoldusthattheyweregooddoctors.Thefactthathehadn’tsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedus.总结:当从句原来是陈述句时,变成名词(míngcí)性从句用that引导。句型(jùxínɡ)转换8第八页，共66页。\n3.Doesyoursistergetupearly?Doyouknow?→4.Doanimalshavethesamesensesashumans?Ioftenwonder.→Doyouknowif/whetheryoursistergetsupearly?Ioftenwonderif/whetheranimalshavethesamesensesashumans.总结:当从句(cónɡjù)原来是一般疑问句时,变成名词性从句(cónɡjù)用if或whether引导。9第九页，共66页。\n5.Whendidhebuythisnewbike?Couldyoutellme?→6.Myquestionisthis:wherewillthelecturebegiven?→Couldyoutellmewhenheboughtthisnewbike?Myquestioniswherethelecturewillbegiven.总结:当从句原来是特殊(tèshū)疑问句时,变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊(tèshū)疑问词来引导。10第十页，共66页。\nWhatweneedismoretime.WhatweneedaremoreEnglishdictionaries.总结:名词(míngcí)性从句必须用陈述句语序。另外,一般情况下,名词(míngcí)性从句均看作单数概念。由what引导的一般看后面的表语。宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。11第十一页，共66页。\nIknowhim.Iknowwhoheis.主语(zhǔyǔ)谓语(wèiyǔ)宾语(bīnyǔ)(简单句)主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句(复合句)一、ObjectClauses宾语从句12第十二页，共66页。\n宾语从句的概念(gàiniàn)：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。句子结构：主句+连词(liáncí)(引导词)+宾语从句13第十三页，共66页。\n1.连词(引导词)1)当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何(rènhé)成分,也没有任何(rènhé)具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.14第十四页，共66页。\n宾语(bīnyǔ)从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语(bīnyǔ)时,第二个that不能省；当that作介词宾语(bīnyǔ)时,that不可省掉。用it做形式宾语(bīnyǔ)的宾语(bīnyǔ)从句。Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.15第十五页，共66页。\n在主句为动词(dòngcí)be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry(that)Idon’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.16第十六页，共66页。\n2)当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(yǐndǎo)(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成:“是否”,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略。Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.17第十七页，共66页。\nwhether与if的辨用表“是否”时,在下列情况下用whether。a.主语从句b.表语(biǎoyǔ)从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.后接动词不定式(whethertodosth.)g.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if18第十八页，共66页。\nwhether和if都可以引导宾语从句。a.当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用(bùyòng)if.e.g.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.e.g.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.whether和if的使用(shǐyòng)区别19第十九页，共66页。\n练一练:if/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.3.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.5.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether20第二十页，共66页。\n3)当宾语从句是特殊(tèshū)疑问句时,由连接代词(what,who,whom,which,whose)或连接副词(when,where,how,why)引导,因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意义,所以不可以省略。Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?21第二十一页，共66页。\n带how的词组(cízǔ)也都可以引导宾语从句CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan?Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday?Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast?Idon’tknowhowfaritistothecinema.Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool?Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready.Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris?22第二十二页，共66页。\n2.时态1)如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时，现在进行时,现在完成时)从句的时态可根据实际情况(qíngkuàng)而定(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)。Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.23第二十三页，共66页。\n2)如果主句是过去(guòqù)的时态(包括一般过去(guòqù)时,过去(guòqù)进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去(guòqù)的某种时态(包括一般过去(guòqù)时，过去(guòqù)进行时,过去(guòqù)将来时,过去(guòqù)完成时)。Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.24第二十四页，共66页。\n3)当从句是客观真理,定义(dìngyì),公理,定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.1.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)2.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)3.LingFengtoldmehe_________totheGreatWallseveraltimes.(be)Exercisewrotehastakenhadbeen25第二十五页，共66页。\n4.Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)5.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)6.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play).basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.7.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.willbegoeswereplayinghavereturned26第二十六页，共66页。\n3.语序宾语(bīnyǔ)从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分27第二十七页，共66页。\nWhenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.28第二十八页，共66页。\n1)could/would是委婉语气,而不是过去式,因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况(qíngkuàng)用不同时态。4.注意事项Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Couldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?29第二十九页，共66页。\n2)如果主句的谓语(wèiyǔ)动词是ask时,连词不可能是that;如果主句的谓语(wèiyǔ)动词是say时,连词用that。Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthechild.HeasksifIlikeplayingthepiano.Youmayaskthemanovertherehowyoucangettothebusstation.30第三十页，共66页。\n3)否定的转移:若主语谓语(wèiyǔ)动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语(wèiyǔ)上,从句谓语(wèiyǔ)用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。31第三十一页，共66页。\n4)It常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作形式宾语(bīnyǔ)：it不仅可以作形式主语,还可以作形式宾语(bīnyǔ)而真正的宾语(bīnyǔ)-that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语(bīnyǔ)的句子中。Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.32第三十二页，共66页。\n5)连词if和when在不同(bùtónɡ)从句中的区别：CDoyouknowif______backnextweek?Ifhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.hecomes,willcomewillhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome33第三十三页，共66页。\n主句从句一般将来时态一般现在时态祈使句含有情态动词34第三十四页，共66页。\nIdon’tknowwhenhe_________(come).Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_____(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?willcomecomes35第三十五页，共66页。\n1. Theyoungmanasked_____it’ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.  Wedon’tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeDAB单项选择(xuǎnzé)36第三十六页，共66页。\n4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationCD37第三十七页，共66页。\n6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyoulive8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisCBD38第三十八页，共66页。\n9.Couldyoutellmehowlong________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit______tomorrow,he_____fishing.A.willrain,won’tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won’tgoD.rain,willgoBC39第三十九页，共66页。\n表语(biǎoyǔ)从句是在复合句中作表语(biǎoyǔ)的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语(biǎoyǔ)从句”。可以接表语(biǎoyǔ)从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的还有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等结构。二、PredicativeClauses表语(biǎoyǔ)从句40第四十页，共66页。\n连接词:that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引导(yǐndǎo)表语从句)连接代词:who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词:when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.41第四十一页，共66页。\n注意：在表语从句中,表“是否”时,只能(zhīnénɡ)用“whether”不能用“if”。2.一般情况下，“that”不能省。3.Itis/wasbecause…Itis/waswhy…4.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat…5.Thereasonisbecause/why…that….42第四十二页，共66页。\n名词主语+be+that引起的表语(biǎoyǔ)从句在这种句型中,常用表示事实,真理的名词,如:fact,truth或表示看法(kànfǎ),观点的名词,如:idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等作主语。Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.43第四十三页，共66页。\n注意(zhùyì)表语从句的引导词与主语(zhǔyǔ)从句和宾语从句相同。但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省。2.if不能引导表语从句。44第四十四页，共66页。\n1.That’s____thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis____heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis____theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger____shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whenBCDAExercise45第四十五页，共66页。\n1)Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)Whoevercomesiswelcome.It’scertainthathewillsucceed.7)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.8)Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.三、SubjectClause主语(zhǔyǔ)从句46第四十六页，共66页。\n考点一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正(zhēnzhèng)的主语.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--由连词whether和if,连接代词what，who，which和连接副词when，where，why，how等引导,也常常后置。Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.47第四十七页，共66页。\nIt的用法:(形式(xíngshì)主语)It’spossible/important/necessary/clear…that...……很可能/重要的是……/必要的是……/很清楚……It’ssaid/reported…that...据说/据报道(bàodào)……It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat...已经通知/宣布……48第四十八页，共66页。\nItseems/appears/happens...that…显然、明显、碰巧(pèngqiǎo)……It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑……It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知)/acommonsaying...(俗话说)49第四十九页，共66页。\n考点二注意:主语从句中,谓语动词一般(yībān)用单数；what引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定。Whatheneedsisthatbook.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.50第五十页，共66页。\nwhat引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子(jùzi)成分，如：主语、宾语、表语。而that则不然，它在句子(jùzi)中只起连接作用。例如：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.what与that引导(yǐndǎo)主语从句51第五十一页，共66页。\n由that引导:1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.______________________isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3._________________________isapity.(你错过了这次机会)that无意义,后接一个(yīɡè)完整的句子。that不可省。ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance52第五十二页，共66页。\n注意：Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.Whathesaysanddoesdoesn’tconcernme.Whathesaysanddoesdon’tagree.1.“if”不能引导主语从句,应由“whether”引导。2.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。3.“what”引导主语从句时,谓语(wèiyǔ)动词:1)常与其后的名词作表语一致2)根据句子的语境而定。53第五十三页，共66页。\n____hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where3.____isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry_____theFirstWorld.A.Which;belongtoB.As,belongedtoC.What;belongingtoD.It;belongingtoABC单项选择(xuǎnzé)54第五十四页，共66页。\n4.It’sknowntousall____aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink____noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhaveBBA55第五十五页，共66页。\n7.____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because8.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What/whyB.That/whatC.What/becauseD.Why/thatBA56第五十六页，共66页。\n9.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis____heisseriouslyill.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason10.Wemadethesuggestionthathe_____hiswork.A.continuesB.continueC.continuedD.hadcontinuedBB57第五十七页，共66页。\n11._____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever12.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.thatB.howC.whereD.whatDA58第五十八页，共66页。\n13.–IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.--Isthat____youhadafewdaysoff?AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere14.--Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?--Oh,that’s____.AwhatmakesmefeelexcitedBwhateverIfeelexcitedaboutChowIfeelaboutitDwhenIfeelexcitedAA59第五十九页，共66页。\n15.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which16.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly____hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.thatBA60第六十页，共66页。\n17.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever18.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that19.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept____helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.wheneverCAC61第六十一页，共66页。\nDC20.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor’sstatement_____wouldsupportataxcut.A.andheB.wasthatheC.whichheD.thathe21._____manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.A.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That62第六十二页，共66页。\n22.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.A.HoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverBFormoreexercises,clickhere.63第六十三页，共66页。\n高考(ɡāokǎo)链接：(10福建35)Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave_______wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.thatB.whichC.whatD.whetherC64第六十四页，共66页。\n2.(10湖南35)Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_____shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.whyDFormoreexercises,clickhere.65第六十五页，共66页。\n66第六十六页，共66页。