高中语法之名词性从句课件 23页

GrammarTheNounClauses\n名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(SubjectClause)、宾语从句(ObjectClause)、表语从句(PredicativeClause)和同位语从句(AppositiveClause\nWhowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句\nSubjectClause(主语从句)ObjectClause(宾语从句)NounclausePredicativeClause(表语从句)\n_____theearthisroundistrue._______shewillcomeornotisstillaquestion._____youaredoingseemsverydifficult.______theywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.ThatWhetherWhatWhen主语从句\n引导主语从句的连词是不能省略的。Thattheearthisroundistrue.That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：Itistruethattheearthisround.It'sapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.你非走不可真是件憾事。Attention\n2.表示“是否”意义时，一般用whether而不用if引导主语从句，Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.但如果有形式主语it引导时，既可用whether，也可用if。e.g.Itisstillaquestionifshewillcome.3.有时可用形式主语it代替主语从句：e.g.Itisstillaquestionwhethershewillcome.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhentheywillstart.\n1.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter练一练！\nwhat与that在引导名词性从句时的区别:what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,表示…的.而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用,没有意义.(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thattheearthgoesaroundthesuniswell-knowntoeverybody.\n3.____leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Anyone B.ThepersonC.Whoever D.Who4._____thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That5.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It\n6.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknown　B.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee7.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how8.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how\n一个句子在复合句中充当宾语就叫宾语从句。Doyouknow______heis?I’mglad______youhavepassedtheexam.Idon’tknowwhether(if)youarewillingtohelpme.Itdependson________heiscomingornot.where宾语从句(that)whetherShewillgive_________needshelpawarmsupport.whoever\n特别提示1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。Hetoldus(that)hewasadoctorandthathewouldgotoBeiJing.\n2.下列宾语从句必须用whether引导，不可用if:a.  从句后有or not 时，不可用if:Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.b.  介词宾语通常用whether引导:Itdependsonwhetherheiscomingornot.c.后接动词不定式时。Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?\n3.用who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。Doyouknowhowoldheis?Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。\n4.think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。\nHeasked____foraviolin．（MET1992）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever3.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster____hehaddonethedaybefore.A.thatB.howC.whatD.where\n4.Theoldmansmiledwhenhesawhowpretty_____uptobeduringthepastfewyears.A.hadhisdaughtergrownB.wouldhisdaughtergrowC.hisdaughterwouldgrowD.hisdaughterhadgrown5.HaveyouseenMarylately?Mybosswantstoknow_______.A.howsheisgettingalongB.howisshegettingalongC.whatsheisgettingalongD.whatisshegettingalong\n6.Idon'tdoubt________he'llcome.A.that　B.if　C.what　D.whether7.Doesanybodyknow__wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that8.Itdependson____wewillbereadyintime.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.when\n表语从句一个句子在复合句中充当表语就叫表语从句.表语从句放在连系动词后，如：be，seem,　remain等，有时用asif引导。其基本结构为：主语+系动词+从句。e.g.TheproblemisthatIamshortofmoney.Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.Thequestionishowwecangetthere.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看上去天要下雨了。\n特别提醒1.表语从句中的时态不受主句的限制.2.表语从句是不用if引导的,要用whether.3.主语是reason时，表语从句常用that，不用because.Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasill.\nWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．（上海2001年春季招生）A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where3.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that\n4.Goandgetyourcoat．It's____youleftit．A.whereB.thereC.herewhereD.wherethere5.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.for　B.because　C.since　D.that6.Thecityisnolonger________.A.whatitis　　B.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedtobe7.Theproblemis_______hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that