高中英语定语从句课件 39页

定语从句\nIhaveanEnglishbook.IhaveabookaboutEnglish.Ihaveabook.ItiswritteninEnglish.IhaveabookwhichiswritteninEnglish.\nIhaveabookwhichiswritteninEnglish.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词Which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,why\n先行词是人：who,whom,whose,that先行词是物：which,whose,that\n先行词是人：who,whom,whose,thatAmyisateacherwho/thatisfromJapan.Amyisateacher.AmyisfromJapan.Amywhom/who/thatImetyesterdayisateacher.Amyisateacher.ImetAmyyesterday.Amyisateacherwhosefatherisadoctor.Amyisateacher.Amy’sfatherisadoctor.\n注意：关系代词在从句中做宾语时，可以省略。She’sAmy(whom/who/that)Imetyesterday.She’sAmyImetyesterday.Tom(whom/who/that)Iwanttointroducetoyouisabsenttoday.TomIwanttointroducetoyouisabsent.\n（11全国1）Theprizewillgotothewriter_______storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what（2012江苏）Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_____urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what（10湖南）I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which\nThereare36studentsinourclass.Halfofthestudentsaregirls.Thereare36studentsinourclass,halfofwhomaregirls.ofwhomhalfaregirls.ThereisTom.IwillgowithTom.ThereisTom,withwhomIwillgo.ThereisTom,whomIwillgowith.IwanttothankmyteacherwithoutwhosehelpIwon’tbehere.注意：在指代人的时候，介词后面只能用whom，用于表示所属关系时用介词+whose。并且，介词可以位于从句的句首或者是原有的位置。\n(10浙江）Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof_______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those（12天津）IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which（12四川）Inourclassthereare46students,_____halfwearglasses.A.inwhomB.inthemC.ofwhomD.ofthem（12上海）Haveyousentthank-younotestotherelativesfrom_______youreceivedgifts?A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom\n先行词是物：which,whose,thatIhaveabookwhich/thatisaboutscience.Ihaveabook(which/that)Iboughtyesterday.Ihaveabookwhosecoverisred.Shewonthefirstplace,whichmademesurprised.Hesetfreethebirds,whichwasacelebrationforhissuccess.\n（11福建）Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who（11上海）You'llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation_______youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.as（11山东）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that（11四川）Theschoolshop,_______customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where\n(12陕西）Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,________hassurprisedusall.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what（12北京）Whendeeplyabsorbedinwork,______heoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when（11北京）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_______,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that(11全国2）TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,_______isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which\nIhaveabookwhosecoverisred.Ihaveabook.Thebook’scoverisred.Thecoverofthebookisred.Ihaveabook,thecoverofwhichisred.Ihaveabook,ofwhichthecoverisred.Therearealotoffactorswhichyoucantalkabout.Therearealotoffactorsaboutwhichyoucantalk.注意：在指代事物的时候，介词后面只能用which，用于表示所属关系时用介词+whose。并且，介词可以位于从句的句首或者是原有的位置。\n（12湖南）Careofthesoulisagradualprocess____eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A．whatB.inwhatC．whichD．inwhich（12山东）Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what（10上海）Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy_______wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich\n（09江西）ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhichThehouseinwhichIgrewupthehouse(which)Igrewupin注意：要注意到从句当中关系代词的位置，关系代词一定在从句的句首或者前面仅仅有一个相关的介词。\n主语宾语定语指人whothatwhomwhothatwhose(ofwhom)指物whichthatwhichthatwhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose\nWhich和that的区别：只用that：先行词是不定代词：something,nothing,anything,all,none…That’sallthatIcanthink.ThereissomethingthatIhavetodorightnow.Hesaidnothingthatwasright.（10全国2）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_______wassomeoneelse'sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what\n先行词是序数词（first，second），形容词最高级，theonly，thevery，thelastThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadisJaneEyre.ManchesterUnitedistheonlyfootballclubthatIlike.“DespicableMe”isthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.ThatisthelastthingthatIhavetodoforTom.\n先行词又有人又有物Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareinspiring.TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.先行词作表语，并且有对比的意思Sheisnolongertheonethatshewasinthepast.前面有了which，为了美观和好听。Whichisthebookthatyouboughtyesterday？\nWhich和that的比较：只用which：介词+whichThehouseinwhichIliveisfarfromhere.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisred.Those+复数：Iwillalwaysrememberthosewordswhichyousaidthatday.Abookshopshoulddealwithavarietyofthosebest-sellerswhicharenewlypublished.\n（09江西）ThehouseinwhichIgrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.inthehouseIgrewupwhereIgrewup（12湖南）Careofthesoulisagradualprocessinwhicheventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsideredintheprocess.Whereeventhesmalldetails…介词+which=whereLifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.Lifeislikealongraceonwhichwecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.\n(11安徽）Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,________itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while（11陕西）Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,_______weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that\n常常使用where的先行词：PointHe’sreachedapointwhereotherscan’tachieve.Wehavereachedapointwheresomethingneedtobechanged.CaseToday,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.\n常常使用where的先行词：SituationHegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.Ifyourisksomethingimportant,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit.PositionIt’sputmeinapositionwhereIcan’taffordtotakethejob.\n(12重庆)Salesdirectorisaposition______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesA.whichB.thatC.whenD.where(09浙江）Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why(09福建)It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where\n（08上海）Wewentthroughaperiodinwhichcommunicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.intheperiodcommunicationswereverydifficult…whencommunicationswereverydifficult…Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregonewhenlocal5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.daysaregoneduringwhichlocal5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.介词+which=when\n（12浙江）Weliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreateasethaneverbefore.A.whyB.whenC.towhomD.onwhich（11福建）ItwasApril29,2001_______PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.berore(11江苏）Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,__________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A．WhenB．WhereC．ThatD．Which(08山东）Occasionsarequiterare_______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when\nThatisthereason.Icamehereforthereason.ThatisthereasonforwhichIcamehere.ThatisthereasonwhyIcamehere.介词+which=why特别注意：Why的先行词常常是reason。\nas：既可以指人也可以指物Hehelpedmewiththetask,whichisverykindofhim.Hehelpedmewiththetask,asisverykindofhim.He’sateacher,whichisclearbyhismanner.He’sateacher,asisclearbyhismanner.分析：as有“正如”的意思，放在后面既用来代指人或者物，同时还有一层“正如”的意思。\n（12安徽）Alotoflanguagelearning,________hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A. asB. itC. whichD. this注意：这里面的as就带着另外一层“正如”的意思，在表达上比which更加丰富。\nsuch…as…;thesame…as…We’llgiveyousuchdataaswillhelpyou.SuchEnglishasisspokenhereisnotBritish.He’snotthesamemanashewas.He’snotthesamemanthathewas.Susanisnotthesamegirlassheusedtobe.Susanisnotthesamegirlthatsheusedtobe.那么，that和as的区别在于哪里呢？\nThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.分析：that表示就是这只表，但是as表示“正如”，说明的是一种相似性而不是就是这只表，只是比较像而已。\nAs和which的区别：只用as：Asweallknow,theearthmovesaroundthesun.Whichweallknow,…注意：which作为代词，不能用于句首。\n当遇到see,know,hear,watch,remember,say,tell,show,expect,guess…这种词的时候，只用as而不用which。AsiswellknownasweallseeAsoftenhappensashasbeensaidbefore使用as可以表示出“正如”的意思。As作为从句主语是可以省略be，As(was)planned…whichplanned…注意：which只有在作为从句中宾语的时候才可以省略。\n（12福建）Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.A.thatB.itC.asD.what（08福建）Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?--Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder_______.A.astoldB.asaretoldC.astellingD.astheytold（11陕西）_______allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.A.SinceB.WhileC.IfD.As\n只用which的时候：Hedidn’tpasstheexam,whichwasunexpected.Hedidn’tpasstheexam,aswasunexpected.分析：as在定语从句中自己带有“正如”的意思，所以在主句是否定的时候，不能用as。Shemightcomehere,aboutwhichIwillaskhim.Headmireseveryoneintheclass,whichIfindstrange.分析：介词后面不能用as，只能用which。因为本身as就是一个介词。\n总结：指代人：who，whom，whose，as指代事物：which，that，whose，as介词+which=When，where，why1.非限定性排除that，句首排除which，介词后面只能是which。2.从句说明的是什么3.从句缺少什么成分\n（08江苏）TheScienceMuseum,_______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where（08安徽）Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily，________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that（11山东）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that\n（12全国2）100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwillboil.A.forB.atC.onD.of（11福建）ItwasApril29,2001_______PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.berore