高中非谓语动词总复习趣味课件 66页

非谓语动词莆田第十二中学\n不定式\n一不定式的用法Itisverydangeroustodoit.\n主语Toseeistobelieve.常用于句型：Itis+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth\neg:Itisbraveofyoutodothat.Itiseasyforyoutodothat.表示人物特征的形容词同of后的名词或代词有意义上的主表关系，常与of搭配。Brave,careful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,wise,wrong表示事物性质的形容词与不定式关系密切，有主表关系，常与for搭配。Easy,hard,heavy,necessary,impossible,possible,important,difficult\nIstillwanttobeaquietandhandsomeman!\n2.宾语IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,ask,dare,choose,fail,help,want,refuse等\nHowshouldImakemyteacherbelieveit?\n3.宾语补足语Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.注意：在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to.但是变成被动结构，必须带to.Iheardhimsingasong.Hewasheardtosingasong.\n\n4.定语PutinnowhastofindnewwaystodevelopRussianeconomy.注1：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需有介词Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Heisthefirstonetocomehere.\n但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省略。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive(in).注2：have表示“有”，todo主动和被动意思不一样Haveyouanythingtoclaim（申报）?动作执行者youIamgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyourson?动作执行者是我\n\n-----WhydidyouaskforleavelastFridaynight?----Totellyouthetruth,Iwenthometowatch“Runningman”.5.状语Icameheretoseeyou.(目的)\nWewereexcitedtohearthenews.(原因)so…asto,such…asto,enoughto…,onlyto…,too…to这画面太美我不敢看It’ssobeautifulthatI’mtooscaredtoseeit.(结果）\n注1：某些形容词在too…to结构中表肯定，它们是anxious,delighted,eager,easy,glad,kind,pleased,ready,surprised,willing等。Shewastoosurprisedtoseehowangryherfatherwas.(看到父亲那么生气，她很吃惊)注2：在not,never,only,all,but等后的too…to结构中too意为very，没有否定含义。It’snevertoolatetolearn.I’monlytoogladtostayathome.\nEatingiseasy,losingweightisnot.Itistobecherished.\n6.表语Myjobistohelpthepatient.7.独立成分totellthetruth,tobefrank,tobeexact,tobeginwith,tomakemattersworse8.不定式与疑问词连用在句中起名词作用，可充当主语，表语，宾语等。Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.Myquestioniswhentostart.Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.\n注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的不定不带to.Whynothaveachange?\nNozuo,nodie.Whyyoutry?不作死，就不会死！\n二.不定式的时态不定式一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。Iplantoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.Isawhimgoout.2.如果谓语表示的动作发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，不定式用进行时。Heisbelievedtobecoming.I’mgladtobeworkingwithyou.\n3.不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前，用完成时。Heisbelievedtohavecome.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.在intended,expected,hoped,promised,wanted,wished,thought等后用不定式完成式表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或计划。Ihopedtohavefinishedtheworkearlier.\n1.Youweresillynot____yourcar.tolockB.tohavelockedC.lockingD.havinglocked2.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A．tobeheardB．tobehearingC．tohearD．tohaveheard3.----IsBobstillperforming?----I'mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft\n三.不带to的不定式在feel,hear,listento,make,let,have,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe等动词后，不定式作宾补时不用to2.在cannotbut,cannotchoosebut,cannothelpbut之后Icannotbutadmiretheircourage.\n3.不定式动词在介词but,except,后面时，介词前有行为动词doIdon’thaveanyotherchoicebuttoacceptthefact.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.4.不定式作表语，说明前面do的内容时Whathewantstodomostnowis(to)beathim.\n1.Acomputerdoesonlywhatthinkingpeople_________.A.haveitdo        B.haveitdoneC.havedoneit        D.havingitdone2.We’vemissedthelastbus.I’mafraidwehavenochoicebut_____ataxi.A.totake                    B.takingC.take              D.taken\nV-ing\n1.主语Readingisveryimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.2.表语Herfavouritesportisdiving.4.宾语Ienjoyswimming.3.定语drinkingwater\n下列句型中常用动名词作主语:Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.Itisnousesayingmore……….说多了都是泪……….\nadmit,avoid,allow,advise,appreciate,consider,enjoy,dislike,deny,practise,permit,finish,delay,escape,involve,risk,mind,imagine,miss,suggest某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语\n介词宾语I’mtiredofworking.Tellmesomethingaboutfishing.Thetoolisusedforopeningcans.Ilikesunbathingafterswimming.\n短语的宾语feellike/can’thelp/can’tstand/putoff/giveup/It’snouse/It’snogood/etc.\n带to短语的宾语turnto/beusedto/dueto/refertobesentencedto/seeto/stickto/objectto/leadto/lookforwardto/getdownto/devoteoneselftobeaccustomedto/beaddictedtocondemn…..to……..Itcondemnshimtolivingalone.\n有些动词如love,like,hate,prefer后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing分词一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为)。Ilike__________verymuch,butIdon'tlike_________thisafternoon.A.swimming,swimmingB.toswim,toswimC.swimming,toswimD.toswim,swimmingC\nLittleJimshouldlove__________tothetheatrethiseveningA.tobetaken B.totakeC.beingtaken  D.taking如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,后面则应该接动词不定式。AA\n思考：下列情况中动词后接不定式还是接ing分词作宾语呢？OnlythendidIbegin__________________(see)shewasreallygoodtome.Themomenthereturnedhome,Iwasstarting/beginning____________________(cook)supper.Thewaterbegan________________(freeze).toseetocooktofreeze\n4.有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。讨论：有哪些单词或短语？goon(stop/forget/remember/regret)todo/doingcan’thelptodo/doingbeusedtodo/doing(getusedtodoing)(usedtodo)meandoing/todo\nIregrettellinghimthebadnews.（已做）Don‘tforgettopostmyletter.（未做）Irememberreturningyourbook.（已做）Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtalking.Ifelttired,soIstoppedtohavearest.\n一般式完成式主动被动teachinghavingtaughtbeingtaughthavingbeentaught\n1.Hewaspraisedforhavinggotfullmarks.2.Heregrettedhavingmarriedher.3.Hedislikedbeingpunishedinpublic.4.Heregrettedhavingbeentakentosuchaplace.（完成式）（完成式）（被动态）（被动态的完成式）\n1.Mary’sbeinglatemadetheteacherangry.2.Isuggesthisgoingthere.3.Isuggesthimgoingthere.动名词的逻辑主语动名词的否定形式Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.\n1。改错Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearfromtheirdaughter.Theparentsarelookingforwardtohearingfromtheirdaughter.2.YoucaneasilyimproveyourEnglishbypractiselisteningandspeaking.bypractisinglisteningandspeaking\n3.Newwayshavebeenfoundtostoptheriverfrompolluting.stoptheriverfrombeingpolluted4.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandtowatchTVintheevening.HeenjoyslisteningtothenewsinthemorningandwatchingTVintheevening.\n5.Ididn’tmindtreatinglikethat.Ididn’tmindbeingtreatedlikethat.6.Tomwasscoldedforhavingnotfinishedhishomework.Tomwasscoldedfornothavingfinishedhishomework.\n分词\n1.分词的句法作用Thepictureisinteresting.Haveyoureadthebookwrittenbythefamousactor.Beingill,hehasn’tcome.Theyarewatchingtheboysplayingfootball.\n2.现在分词和过去分词作表语区别现在分词：“令人……”；过去分词：“感到……”Theresultwas_______.Afterhearingthenews,wefeltvery_______.(disappoint)His________looksuggestedthatthemovieisvery__________.(interest)~ing~ing~ed~ed\n3.作定语的区别现在分词：表示主动、进行中的动作过去分词：表示被动、完成的动作fallingleaves/fallenleavesboilingwater/boiledwaterdeveloping/developedcountryspeaking/spokenEnglish\n分词作定语时，常置于所修饰的词之后，相当于一个定语从句1.Australiaistheonlycountrycoveringanentirecontinent.2.ThemanwritingthisEnglishletterismyteacher.3.TheletterwritteninEnglishisfrommyteacher.4.Suddenlythereappearedayoungwomandressedinwhite.\n分词作状语的主要用法(1)表示时间代替when,while,afterbefore,等引导的时间状语从句:Arrivingatthestation(=WhenIarrived…),Ifoundthetraingone.Hearingthenews(=Whenheheard…),hecouldn’thelpjumpingup.Walkingalongthestreet(=WhileIwaswalking…),ImetoldMike.\n(当强调时间时，可在分词前加when，while等连词，如：)Becarefulwhen(youare)transportingthevases.When(hewas)askedtostoptalking,hebecameangry.\n（2）表示原因——代替as，since等引导的原因状语从句，Beingtired(=Ashewastired),hewenttobedearly.Sothequestionis……Therebeingsomanyschoolstochoosefrom,whichisthestrongestinExcavatorTechnology?Astherearesomanyschoolstochoosefrom,\n(3)表示条件——代替if,unless等引导的条件状语从句Turningtotheright(=ifyouturnto…),you’llfindthetheatre.Wewon’tgothereunless(weare)invited.Thesetreeswillgrowbetterif(theyare)welllookedafter.\n(4)表示让步——代替though,although,evenif引导的让步状语从句：Althoughhavingspent(Althoughhehasspent)muchtimeonhisstudy,hedoesn’tseehissuccess.Althoughtired,theycontinuedtowork.\n(5)表示方式或伴随状况，Theywalkedintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.Theteacherstoodtheresurroundedbythestudents.TheMonkeyKingiscoming,ridingamotorbike.\n分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。1)Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hisbeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.FTT(Trueorfalse)\n1.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,________.A.doctorscametotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsedC.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists\n2．Whilewatchingtelevision,__________.A．thedoorbellrangB．thedoorbellringsC．weheardthedoorbellringD．weheardthedoorbellrings\n5.分词作补足语能跟补足语的动词多为表示感觉的动词,如see,hear,feel,watch,noticeobserve等。此外有些使役动词也能跟补足语：have,make,get,keep,leave等\n▲Hesuddenlyspottedhersittingattheback.▲Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.▲Hesuddenlyspottedherseatedattheback.▲Thewifefoundherselfoccupiedwithhouseworkeveryday.\n6.某些分词固定词组generallyspeaking/considering/judgingby(from)/ComparedwithJudgingbythemovie,hemustbebadlyhurt.\nComparedwiththisman,thepreviousoneissolame……….\n8.独立主格结构在用分词作状语时，它逻辑上的主语要和句子的主语一致。但有时也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，由代词或名词的主格担任，称为独立主格结构。\n1）代词或名词主格+分词Weatherpermitting,we’llgobyboat.2）with+宾语+分词InpartsofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeetpointingatanyotherperson.Hestoodforamomentwithhiseyesfixedontheapple.Hisfatherhavingsomuchmoney,headvertisedhisbirthdayalongthewholestreet\n\n