高中英语-倒装句课件 38页

倒装句\n完全倒装完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前（是整个谓语动词，而非助动词）。\n完全倒装四种情况之一1.here和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：1.Here’sTom.汤姆在这里。2.There’sJim.吉姆在那儿。3.Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。4.Theregoesthebell.铃响了。\n【注意】(1)以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说Hereiscomingthebus。(2)若主语为代词，则不倒装：1.HereIam.2.Hereitcomes.(3)其中的动词有时也可能是be,stand,lie,live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：Therestoodadeskagainstthewall.2.OnceuponatimetherelivedamanknownbythenameofBeef.\n完全倒装四种情况之二away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away,down,in,off,out,over,round,up等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Awaywenttherunners.Roundandroundflewtheplane.。ThedooropenedandincameMrSmith.Downcametherainandupwenttheumbrellas.\n【注意】若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：Awayhewent.他跑远了。2.Downitcame.它掉了下来。\n完全倒装四种情况之三3.状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：AmongthesepeoplewashisfriendJim.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。\n【注意】在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：Intheboxwasacat.箱子里是一只猫。Intheboxweresomecats.箱子里是一些猫。\n完全倒装四种情况之四分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：1.Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。2.Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。3.Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列问题要仔细考虑。\n典型例题1.Intheletter__________thesewords，“Iloveyou”.A.wasB.wereC.sawD.found2.a.Look,here__________.b.Look,here__________.hecomes,thebuscomesB.comeshe,comesthebusC.comeshe,thebuscomesD.hecomes,comesthebus\n部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如系动词，助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。\n部分倒装用法之一1.否定副词位于句首时的倒装在正式文体中，never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,notonly,nosooner,nolonger,notuntil等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：Ishallneverforgivehim.=NevershallIforgivehim.2.Heseldomgoesoutfordinner.=Seldomdoeshegooutfordinner.\n3.Shehardlyhastimetolistentomusic.=Hardlydoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.4.Helittlerealizeshowimportantthismeetingis.=Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.5.Wehadnosoonerreachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.=Nosoonerhadwereachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.。\n【注意】(1)对于not…until句型，当notuntil…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：Hedidn’tleavetheroomuntiltherainstopped.=Notuntiltherainstoppeddidheleavetheroom.\n由notonly…butalso引出的倒装当notonly…butalso位于句首引出句子时，notonly后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：Notonlyisheateacher,butheisalsoapoet.2.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,buthespokemoreeasily.\n1.Notonly_________apayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.A.dothenurseswantB.thenurseswantC.didthenurseswantD.thenurseswanted2.Notonly_________toher,Ievengotherautograph!A.IspokeB.didIspeakC.IhavespokenD.haveIspoken\n(2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：1.Innocasemustthisswitchbetouched.这个开关是绝不能触摸的。2.BynomeanswillIlendmoneytohim.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，innotime(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：Innotimeheworkedouttheproblem.他马上就算出了那道题。\n典型例题Neverinmywildestdreams_________thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.A.IcouldimagineB.couldIimagineC.Icouldn’timagineD.couldn’tIimagine(2)Neverbefore_________ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.A.hasthiscitybeenB.thiscityhasbeenC.wasthiscityD.thiscitywas\n(3)TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle_________theyknowaboutGerman。A.haveB.didC.hadD.do(4)Seldom_________anarticlethatwassofulloflies.haveIreadB.IhavereaC.hadIreadD.Ihadread\n(5)Hardly_________EdinburghwhentheywereorderedtoreturntoLondon.A.hadtheyreachedB.theyhadreachedC.havethereachedD.theyhavereached(6)Nosooner_________mowingthelawnthanitstartedraining.A.haveIstartedB.IhavestartedC.hadIstartedD.Ihadstarted\n(7)Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_________suchabeautifulplace.A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfindD.couldyoufind(8)I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_________withmyprogress.theteacherisnotsatisfiedB.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfiedD.istheteachersatisfied\n(9)_________snacksanddrinksbuttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.A.NotonlytheybroughtB.NotonlydidtheybringC.NotonlybroughttheyD.Notonlytheydidbring(10)NotuntilIbegantowork_________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized\n部分倒装用法之二2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：Onlythendidherealizethathewaswrong.到那时他才意识到他错了。2.Onlyinthiswayareyouabletodoitwell.你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。3.Onlywhenhereturnedhomedidherealizewhathadhappened.当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。\n典型例题(1)Onlythen_________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealize(2)_________bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.A.OnlyB.JustC.StillD.Yet\n部分倒装用法之三3.“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时的倒装副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：1.Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.2.Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.3.Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.\n“so+助动词+主语”倒装当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：YouareyoungandsoamI.ShelikesmusicandsodoI.Ifhecandoit,socanI.\n【注意】若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：Youaren’tyoungandneitheramI.2.Shehasn’treaditandnorhaveI.\n(2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别："Itwascoldyesterday.""Soitwas.""Father,youpromised.""Well,soIdid."\n(1)_________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness(2)Sodifficult_________ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound\n(1)—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.—_________.A.SoismineB.SomineisC.SodoesmineD.Sominedoes(2)—It’sburninghottoday,isn’tit?—Yes._________yesterday.A.SowasitB.SoitwasC.SoitisD.Soisit3.IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,_________.A.hewilleither      B.neitherwillheC.heneitherwillD.eitherhewill\n部分倒装用法之三虚拟条件句的省略与倒装当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were,should等时，如将if省略，则要将had,were,should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：\nIfyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.=Hadyoucomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenhim.Ifyoushouldrequireanythinggivemearing.=Shouldyourequireanythinggivemearing.Ifitwerenotforyourhelp,Iwouldstillbehomeless.=Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldstillbehomeless.【注意】省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词：HadImoney,Iwouldbuyit.\n___,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou\n部分倒装用法之四关于让步倒装所谓让步倒装，主要指的是由as或though引出的倒装形式的让步状语从句。这类倒装句置于句首的可以是形容词、副词、动词、名词或分词。如：1.Successfulas[though]heis,heisnotproud.2.Coldas[though]itwas,theywentonworking.\n3.Muchas[though]I’dliketo,Ican’tjoinyouforlunch.4.Hardthough[as]theytried,theycouldn'tmakeherchangehermind.5.Tryas[though]hemay,hewillnotpasstheexamination.\n6.Boyas[though]hewas,hebehavedlikeagirl.7.TeacherasMichaelis,heisnotcapableofteachingallsubjects.8.Raininghardasitis,I’mgoingoutforawalk.9.Surroundedaswewerebytheenemy,wemanagedtomarchforward.\n注意，这类倒装有以下语法特点：1.当置于句首的名词是单数可数名词时，其前不能用冠词，即使名词前有形容词修饰也是如此。如：Bigpuzzleas[though]itwas,ithadn’tgotthebetterofJim.虽然是个大难题，但仍没有难倒吉姆。2.这类让步倒装句式用as或though均可，总的说来，as比though更普通，但是不能用although。3.用though时，也可以不倒装；而用as时，必须倒装。如：虽然她很美，但不聪明。\n判断正误Prettythoughsheis,sheisnotclever.Thoughsheispretty,sheisnotclever.Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.Assheispretty,sheisnotclever.1.______,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.AquietstudentashemaybeQuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quietashemaybeastudent