高中英语动词时态复习课件 56页

EnglishBasicTenses(时态)\n他每天都来。他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.Hecomeseveryday.\n英语的常见时态：一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时过去将来过去将来时\n时态构成常用时间状语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时将来进行时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时do(第三人称单数does)动词过去式didwill(shall)＋动词原形begoingto＋动词原形beaboutto＋动词原形beto＋动词原形would＋动词原形will(shall)＋be＋现在分词am(is,are)＋现在分词was(were)＋现在分词have(has)＋过去分词had＋过去分词have(has)＋been＋现在分词always,usually,often,sometimes,every...,twiceaweek等yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,last...,...ago等tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,next...,in...等ateight(thistime)tomorrow等时间状语now,duringthesedays,或look,listen等引起注意的词语ateight(thistime)yesterday等already,just,yet,since...,for...等by...,before...等for...,since...等多用于间接引语的宾语从句中\n导入之一：Howisyourdailylifeasahighschoolstudent?(using3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化)\n2.用法:1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如often,usually,always,everyday/year,sometimes,onSunday等。2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.一、一般现在时(TheSimplePresenttense)1.结构:do/does\n3）表示主语的特征、性格、能力等Mr.Smithhatesfishandnevereatsany.MaryspeaksbothEnglishandFrenchverywell.4）按计划、规定，时间表(如汽车、飞机、会议)等将要发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等位移/终止性动词，常与时间状语连用．Thetrainleavesatthreethisafternoon.Themeetingstartsat2:00p.m.\n6）在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.5）在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,we_______(go)tothecountryside.Ifhe______(come)thisafternoon，we__________(have)ameeting.iswillgocomeswillhave\n1.Noteveryone(like)watchingTVnow.2.Thispairofshoes(sell)well.3.Theteachertoldusthelight(travel)at300,000kilometersasecond.4.BillandTomarehard--workingstudents.Theynever(leave)today’sworkfortomorrow.5.I’lltellhimaboutitassoonashe(come)back.Haveatrylikessellstravelsleavecomes\nExample:I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_______(be)happyatthattime.spentplayeddidn’twere导入之二：Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?\n二、一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)1.结构:谓动用动词过去式(V-ed)2.用法:在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,in1982等。\n1.----Look!Someonehasspilt（溢出）coffeeonthecarpet（地毯）.----Well,it_____me.A.isn’tB.wasn’tC.hasn’tbeenD.hadn’tbeen2.He(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.(11广东）Bpretended1)表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态\n2)用一般过去时表示过去经常发生的动作(也可用“usedtodo”或“woulddo”代替)。Duringthevacationsheoftenswam/wouldswim/usedtoswiminthesea.Iusedtosmoke.注意：①usedto表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。②would注重过去习惯性发生的动作。\n1.Attheendofthemeeting,theheadmaster(give)usatalk.2.Listen!Theradiosaysaseriousaccident_________(happen)lastnight.3.----Haveyoutakenthemedicineyet?----Yes,I(take)justnow.4.Theroomsoflibraryareclean.Theboys__________(sweep)themyesterday.5.IwasgoinghomewhenI(meet)anoldfriend.gavehappenedtooksweptmetHaveatry\n犹如picture导入之三：HowwillyouspendyourNationalholiday?Iwill…I’mgoingto…\n三.一般/过去将来时表示将来时的四种形式①will/shall+动词原形②begoingtodo③beabouttodo④betodo\n1.begoingto有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而will表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。①----Thetelephoneisringing.----I_____answerit.willB.amgoingtoC.amtoD.amaboutto②---Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?---I_____,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did2.begoingto可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will不能表示Lookattheclouds!It__________rain.isgoingto√√\n3.beto表示因约定、计划，职责、义务要求即将发生的动作,或客观安排或受人指示而做某事。begoingto表示主观的打算或计划。Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.\n4．beabouttodo表示“正要干什么…”，1)表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。2)常与when连用，when此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词.3)构成句型：①…beabouttodo…when….②…was/weredoing…when…③beonthepointofdoing…when…④hadjustdonesth…when…e.g.Iwasabouttoleavewhenitrained.\n导入之五：Whataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.\n五.现在/过去进行时1．表示(现在/过去)说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态①Idon’treallyworkhere.I’mhelpinguntilthenewsecretarycomes.②Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology___sorapidly.A.willhavechangedB.haschangedC.ischangingD.willchangebe(am,are,is)+doing√\n2.表示(过去)目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。She___________(learn)pianounderMr.Smithatpresent.islearning3.与always，constantly(不断地；时常地),usually,frequently,allthetime等连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。如：Heisalwayshelpingothers.Hewasalwaysthinkingofothers，neverthinkingofhimself.\n3.现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于位移/终止性动词,如:come,go,arrive,leave,stay,fly,takeoff.I____________(leave)tomorrow._____you_______(stay)heretillnextweek?amleavingArestaying\n4.“系动词＋介词或副词”,也表示进行时的意义。Thebridgeis/wasunderconstruction.=is/wasbeingconstructed.Theproblemisunderdiscussion.=isbeingdiscussed\n(1)表心理状态、情感的动词：like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,need。(2)表存在的状态动词：have,appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependon。(3)瞬间动词：begin/start,allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,complete。(4)感官动词：see,hear,notice,feel摸起来/感觉起来,smell,sound,taste,look看起来。【注意】一般情况下，下面4类动词无进行时态：\n七.现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense)1.结构:have(has)+done2.用法:1).现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词.常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如:sofar,uptonow,recently,since,for,overtime等．IhavelivedinZhuhaifor3years.\nHehaslivedheresincelastsummer.时间线现在过去lived延续到现在:haslivedlastsummersince…\n2).表示过去的某一完成或者发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once，twice，manytimes等.We____________(finish)ourlunchalready.______youever______(try)thismethod?havefinishedHavetried\n1.---Wherearethetwins?---Ithinkthey(go)toDafeng.2.There(be)manychangesinCaoyaninthepast5years.3.Jim(visit)theparktwicesincelastmonth.4.Sofar,We(learn)about6hundredEnglishwords.5.She(notgive)theCDsbacktomeyet.havegonehavebeenhasvisitedhavelearnthasn’tgivenHaveatry\nsince和for填空since+______,用来说明动作起始时间for+_______,用来说明动作延续时间。Ihavelivedhere____atleasttwentyyears.Ihavelivedhere____Iwasborn.时间点时间段forsince\n固定的特殊句型：1.Itis(hasbeen)+一段时间+since-clause.2.This(That/It)isthefirst(second…)time+that-clause(现在完成时).3.This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause(现在完成时).Tips:\n比较一般过去时与现在完成时1).一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。MyfamilylivedinZhuhai10yearsago.（现在不在珠海了)MyfamilyhavelivedinZhuhaifor10years.(目前还在珠海)\n2).过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语.I______(study)inZhongshanuniversityin2000.I___________(study)inZhongshanuniversitysince2000.I_____just_______(buy)anapartment.(just表示不确定的时间状语）studiedhavestudiedhavebought\n注意：非延续性动词不能与表示延续时间的状语(since…;for…)连用。但其否定形式则可以。1)Theyhavemarriedfortenyears.2)Ihavereceivedhisletteramonthago.3)Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforamonth.FFThavebeenmarriedTheygotmarriedtenyearsago.\n我已收到他的信一个月了。Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.()请改用三个正确的表达法:1._____________________________________2._____________________________________3._____________________________________×Ihavekepthisletterforamonth.ItisamonthsinceIreceivedhisletter.Ireceivedhisletteramonthago.\n八.过去完成时(ThepastperfectTense)结构:had+done概念：表示过去的过去----|--------------|---------|---->过去的过去过去　现在　将来\nBytheendoflasttermwehadlearnt20units.现在过去过去的过去theendoflasttermhadlearnt时间线用法1.表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用bytheend,bythetime,by，before，until，when等词引导的时间状语。如：\nIhadhopedtoseemoreofShangHai.Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthemoment.Ihadthoughtyouwouldcometomorrow.2.表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、承诺等。意为“本来打算”，“本来想”。常用hadhoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected(＋that…/todo)或用上述动词的过去式接不定式完成式表示，即：hoped/planned…＋to(havedone)。\n3、常用于下列句型中：1)Hardly/Nosooner…(过去完成时)when/than…（一般过去时）。2)It/This/Thatwasthetimethat…(从句用过去完成时)。3)Itwas+一段时间+since(从句用过去完成时)。\nWehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.=Hardly/Scarcely_____webeenseatedwhenthebusstarted.had\n1.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves_________________(runaway).2.WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents______________(begin)reading.3.Hewalkedinasifhe____________(buy)theschool.(12广东）hadrunawayhadbegunhadboughtHaveatry\n4.I_____totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasn’tabletogetaway.A.hopeB.havehopedC.hadhopedD.hoped5.Helen_____herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_____home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcomecc\n导入之九：---Howlonghaveyoubeenstudyinginthisschool?---Almosttwoandahalfyears.\n九、现在完成进行时主语+has/have+been+doing….表示过去某一时间发生一直持续到现在还会继续下去的动作（动作未完成），动词必须用延续性动词。Hehasbeenworkinghereforthreeyears.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitieshasbeenrisingsteadilysince1990.\n---Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?---Yes,that’whyI____toworkbytrain.A.havebeengoingB.havegoneC.wasgoingD.willhavegone√\n现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别1.现在完成时:表到现在为止已经完成，或过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，也可表示延续性；现在完成进行时:往往强调仍将继续下去的动作。Ihavewrittenaletter.（已完成）Ihavebeenwritingaletter.（未完成）过去现在时间线havewrittenhavebeenwriting\n2.有些延续性动词，如live,teach,work,study,learn,stay等因现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大。Ihavelivedherefortenyears.=Ihavebeenlivingherefortenyears.\n解动词填空题“三步曲”一看时间状语1.There(be)amatchthisevening.2.Motherneverknewwhat___________(happen)in10years.3.I(have)thisbookfor2weeks.4.Alice(wait)forusintheroomnow.5.Everyyear,manytrees(plant)alongtheriver.willbewouldhappenhavehadiswaitingareplanted\n二观上下文联系1.Shecan’tbehere.She(go)toCanada.2.Keepquiet,please!They(have)alesson.3.---Hi,LinTao.Ididn’tseeyouattheparty.---Oh,I(get)readyfortheexam.4.Don’tcomeheretomorrow.I(have)ameeting.hasgonearehavingwasgettingwillhave\n三找隐含条件1.Tom(go)tobedearlybuthisbrotherdoesn’t.2.---Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?---Hesaidthattheearth(travel)aroundthesun.3.Thebridge(be)opentotrafficinafewyears,isn’tit?4.Listen!Jim’sradio(make)aloudnoise.Wouldyoupleasetellhim_________(turn)itdown?goestravelsisgoingtobeismakingtoturn\nExercisesIusually____upat6:00,butyesterdayI______upat7:00andtomorrowI_________upat6:30.(get)Listen!Someone____________(knock)atthedoor.I___________(be)inBeijingfortwoyears.Howoften_____Andy_______(surf)theinternet?Hefellasleepwhilehe___________(read)abook.getwillgetgotisknockinghavebeendoessurfwasreading\n6.I________never_______(hear)ofthatmanbefore.7.Mybrotheroften_________(go)forwalkslastsummer.8.Lilysaidshe__________(put)onthenewdressthenextday.9.______thestory________(happen)inLondonin1949?10.What______hismother______(do)whenheopenedthedoor?haveheardwentwouldputDidhappenwasdoing\n11.Ifit______________(notrain)tomorrow,they___________(go)fishing.12.______yourmother________thepianoeverySunday?13.They_______(not)callyouthedayaftertomorrow.14.Tom_____________(work)theresincetwoyearsago.15.BythetimeI_________(walk)intotheclassroom,theteacher___________(start)teaching.doesn’trainwillgoDoeshasworkedwon’twalkedhadstartedplay\nJennyJenny_____(be)aforeigngirl.She_______(come)fromtheUnitedStates.Look,she_____________(draw)picturesinthelivingroom.Twoyearsago,herparents_________(move)toChina.Jenny____________(nothave)anyfriends,soshe_______(feel)lonely.Butnow,she_______(have)manyChinesefriendsand_______(study)withthemeveryday.Jenny___________(visit)hergrandparentsintheUnitedStatesnextmonth.iscomesisdrawingmoveddidn’thavefelthasstudieswillvisit\nOnegoodturndeservesanotherI_____________(have)dinneratarestaurantwhenTonySteelecamein.Tony_______(work)inalawyer'sofficeyearsago,buthe____________(work)atabanknow.He______(get)agoodsalary,buthealways_______(borrow)moneyfromhisfriendsandnever______(pay)itback.Tony_____(see)meand_____(come)and____(sit)atthesametable.He___never____________(borrow)moneyfromme.Whilehe______________(eat),I_____(ask)himtolendmetwentypounds.Tomysurprise,he_____(give)methemoneyimmediately.'Ihaveneverborrowedanymoneyfromyou,'Tonysaid,'sonowyoucanpayformydinner!'washavingworkedisworkingaskedsawcamehassatgavewaseatingborrowsgetspaysborrowed\n谢谢观看！2020