高中英语定语从句复习课件 30页

TheAttributiveClause定语从句复习课\n二定语从句1.含义修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Thisistheclassroomwherewestudy.\n2.如何改写成定语从句？写法：①找出两个简单句的共有成分；②将从句中的共有成分去掉；③用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后．Ilovethegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair.Ilovethegirlwhohaslonghair.\n1.Thebookisveryinteresting.Youlentittomeyesterday.→Thebook(that/which)youlentmeyesterdayisveryinteresting.2.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.Thewomanyousawintheparkisourgeographyteacher.\n3.Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.→IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.4.Thevillagehasdevelopedalot.Welearnedfarmingatthevillagetwoyearsago.→Thevillagehasdevelopedalotwherewelearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.\n5.Heworksinamiddleschool.Thereisariverinfrontoftheschool.→Heworksinamiddleschool，infrontofwhichthereisariver.\n先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.3.相关术语关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,that,aswhere,when,why\n代替Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词＝关系词thebike关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。\n4.关系代词Lookatthekiteswhichareflyinginthesky.ThepenwhichI’musingisprettygood.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Who’stheboythatisreadingabook?Canyoushowmethephotothatyoulikebest?Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.Thehousewhosewindowsareclosedismine.which：指物，作主语或宾语who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语whose：指人或物，做定语that：指人或物，作主语或宾语\n做宾语时，关系词可省；只有that可做表语；3.who和that不能用于介词后面。\n做题技巧：1.确定定语从句2.看先行词是指人还是指物3.确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分4.确定关系代词Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Footballisagame___________islikedbymostboys.whowhich/that\n8.Thenumberofpeople______cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.9.Whereistheman______Isawthismorning?10.Theseason_____comesafterspringissummer.11.Ivisitedascientist______nameisknownalloverthecountry.12.Doyoulikethebook______coverisyellow?13.Theclassroom______doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.who/thatwhom/who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosewhose\nCouldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft?Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks?Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenthetrainleftthetimethefactorywheremyfatherworks?thereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?whenwherewhy（指时间，作状语）（指地点，作状语）（指原因，作状语）5.关系副词可根据其在句中的搭配关系转换成“prep.+which"\n1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________westayedtogether.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.总结：关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词在定语从句中做的成分而定。whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere关系代词和关系副词的区别1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________westayedtogether.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.\n总结关系词的用法：关系词在定语从句中做_________________时，用关系代词(which,who,whom,that,whose)引导定语从句。关系词在定语从句中做_________时，用关系副词(when,where,why)引导定语从句。主语、宾语、或定语状语\n当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。Hehadtofacetheconditionwherepressurewasheavy.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.当先行词是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。6.关系副词where\n在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。7.that和which的区别：\n(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时，用that.(6)先行词是who或who/which开头的疑问句。WhothatbrokethewindowwillbepunishedWhichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.Sheisn’tthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.\n下列情况不能使用that,而用which/who①that不能引导非限制性定语从句Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.②that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）③先行词是one(s),anyone,someone,those时，指人，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.\n④先行词后有插入语时HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI’vetoldyou,willhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.\n在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.主句是therebe句型且关系代词在从句中作主语时用thatThereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable.\n8.prep.+whom/whichTheperson________IamspeakingjustnowisourEnglishteacher.Theprize________heworkedsohardwasanewbicycle.Idon'tknowthegentleman______Iturnedforhelpyesterday.towhomforwhichtowhom\n9.whose+n.=……我遇到一位老人，他的女儿正在国外学习。Imetanoldmanwhosedaughterisstudyingabroad.Imetanoldmanthedaughterofwhomisstudyingabroad.Imetanoldmanofwhomthedaughterisstudyingabroad.123\n10.先行词是theway(表方式）Idon'tliketheway_______youspoketoher.thatinwhich省略\n11.分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句引导词which，who,whom,whose,when,where,as注意：why不可以，要用forwhich代替that不可以\nMaryisagirlwhohaslonghair.LastnightIsawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.Sheisdoingexperimentsinthelabwhichareimportanttoherresearch.1)限定性定语从句:紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开2)非限定性定语从句:有逗号与先行词隔开3)分隔定语从句:定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开\n1.Wehavefoundsuchmaterials____areusedintheirfactory.2.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice____peopleexpected.3.Heisnotthesameman_____hewas.4.Thisissuchaneasyquestion____Icananswerit.\n12.as作关系代词as引导限制性定语从句such+n.+as……thesame+n.+asas引导非限制性定语从句(正如……，前后皆可）\naseverybodycansee;asiswell-known=asisknowntoallaswehadexpected;asoftenhappens;ashasbeensaidbefore;asismentionedabove\n(2)当从句的谓语动词是beannounced/expected/known/reported/said/imagined/shown等被动形式,常用as;Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth，asisknowntoeverybody.＝Asisknowntoeverybody，themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.＝Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.＝Whatisknowntoeverybodyisthatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.