[高二英语]高中同位语从句课件 46页

同位语从句\n汤姆告诉我这个消息.Tomtoldmethenews.TomtoldmethatJaywouldcometoourcity.宾语宾语TomtoldmethenewsthatJaywouldcometoourcity.同位语\n同位语是句子成分的一种,它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。同位语theAppositive语法精解(一)\n同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.(2)代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.(3)数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.\n(4)从句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息。(5)由suchas,thatis引导Somesubjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.某些学科,例如数学和物理,是很难学的。\n(6)由of引导ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000.自从2000年以来,北京市发生了很大的变化。\n(7)由or引导Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰时的温度。\n可用破折号，引号，namely(即),thatistosay,thatis(也就是说),inotherwords(换句话说),forexample等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。小结：\nHetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topracticemore.AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.\n同位语从句theAppositiveclause1.同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。语法精解(二)\n它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether等。但是引导同位语从句不用if\n同位语从句1.概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容3.构成要素：常跟的抽象名词有:fact/idea/reasonthought/order/doubt/news/hopetruth/belief…连接词that/whether/who/whichwhat/when/where/why/how\n连接词that引导的同位语从句that在从句中不充当成分,只起连接作用.Hetoldmethenewsthathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国.Thereisnodoubtthatthepricesofcarswillgodown.\n只用whether引导,不用if.他是否返回的这个问题还未被证实.Theproblem________hereturnhasn’tbeenproved.连接词whether引导的同位语从句whether\n连接词代词what/which/who引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个.1.Thequestion_____shouldgoabroadhasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ihavenoidea______oneIshouldchoose.whichwho(定语)(主)在从句中充当成分\n连接词副词when/where/why/how引导的同位语从句1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2.我们还没决定好去哪儿.1.I’vegotagoodidea_____theyleftearly.2.Thequestion_______weshouldgohasnotbeendecided.whywhere在从句中充当成分\n运用同位语从句的固定句型：Ihavenoideathat______________Thereisnochancethat______________Thereisnodoubtthat______________Ihavenoideawhether/when/where/why/how/which/who/whom/whose/______________\nWordcamethat______________Legendwentthat______________Johnmadeapromisethat______________Iwilldieonconditionthat______________Hegaveupthegameonthegroundthat______________\n同位语从句与定语从句的区别:回顾一下定语从句的概念和用法。\n①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。\nWeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.(同位语从句)Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.(定语从句)\n②同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系,定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。\nThenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.(同位语从句,news和从句没有逻辑关系)Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.(定语从句,news是told的逻辑宾语)\nTheorderwhenweshouldgobackhasn’treachedus.(同位语从句,order和从句没有逻辑关系)ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten.(定语从句,day是founded的逻辑状语)\n③同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导;定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn?\n④引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.\n⑤同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整句子,谓语动词用be的不同形式。Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以变为一个表语从句:Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.\n1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）定语从句宾语同位语从句(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的）\n同位语从句定语从句that名词性，常位于抽象名词后，说明形容词性，常位于具体名词后，限定只连接主句和从句,在从句中不充当成分,名词在从句中多余连接同时，代替前名词,在从句中充当成分前名词和从句加is是逻辑上的主系表结构前名词和从句加is不是逻辑上主系表结构\n1.Thenewsthattherearenolivesonthemoonisknowntousall.()2.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.()3.Haveyouanyideawhohewentwith?()4.Isthereanyhopethattheywillbehomeintime?()5.Theproblemthatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.()同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句\n练习1.TwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.ThefactthattwofifthsofallgirlsinAmericaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句。\n2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonafour-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonafour-dayvisitinchina.\n3.Teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyChineseparentsholdtheview.ManyChineseparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.\n4.Timetravelispossible./Wehavenoscientificprooffortheidea.Wehavenoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.\n5.Studentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople.\n1.Wedon’tthinkyoutwohavemetbefore.我们想你们两位以前没有见过面。(宾语从句)翻译句子,并说明这个名词性从句的作用。\n2.ItiscertainthatJohnwilldowellinhisexam.约翰肯定会考好。(主语从句)3.Whethertheyarecomingornotdon’tmattertoomuch.他们来不来无关紧要。(主语从句)\n4.Nowiswhenweneedhimmost.现在是我们最需要他的时候。(表语从句)5.Ihavenoideahowshegotthroughtheforest.我不知道她是如何穿过那个森林的。(同位语从句)\n6.Thefactthattheywontheprizemadeushappy.他们获奖的事实令我们高兴。(同位语从句)\n1.Oneofthemheldtheview__thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatD.whether单词填空\n2.Thereason___hehastogois___hismotherisillinbed.A,why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because3.Theyreceivedorders___theworkbedonerightaway.A.whichB.thatC./D.when\n4.Youcantaketheseat____isfree.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inwhich5.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where\n6.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation__hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.why7.That’stheonlything___hecandonowA.whichB.allC.thatD.what\n8.Informationhasbeenputforward___moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as9.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise___hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether\n10.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars____roadconditionsneed____.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving\nThankyou.