高中英语语法-省略ppt课件 48页

Ellipsis省略\n在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如：Begyoupardon.Soundslikeagoodidea.（I）Begyoupardon.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea..定义\n一简单句中的省略1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略Doesn’tmatter.(It)doesn’tmatter.(It)Soundslikeagoodidea.\n2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如：（省略主语和谓语）What/How(doyouthink)aboutacupoftea?Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?\n3、省略表语。–Areyouthirsty?–Yes,Iam.Hisbrotherisn’tlazy,norishissister.(thirsty).(lazy).4、同时省略几个成分Let’smeetatthesameplaceasyesterday.(wemet)同时省略主、谓语\n–Haveyoufinishedyourwork?–Notyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavenotfinishedmyhomeworkyet.\nMybrotherisadoctorandmysister-in-law(is)alawyer.（省略相同的谓语动词）1、两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.(isgetting)(is)省略相同的谓语动词二并列句中的省略\n1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如：Sorrytohearyouareill.Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.(I’m)(It’sa)三复合句中的省略\n－AreyouleavingforBeijingthisSunday?－Ithinkso.soI’mleavingforBeijingthisSunday.－Tommustbefreetoday.－Ifso,hecanhelpus.soheisfree.主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替\n－Itisgoingtorain,isn’tit?－Ihopenot.notitisnotgoingtorain.这种用法常见的有：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso.及Isuppose/believe/hopenot.Whynot?等等。\nWeallknow(that)theearthrunsaroundthesun.(that)2.宾语从句中的省略宾语从句中常省略连词that，但当有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。Marysaid(that)sheisfromAmericanandthatsheis16yearsold.(that)\n3.定语从句中的省略在定语从句中，that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。Ihaven’treadthebook(that/which)you’rereading.(that/which)Theman(that/who)yourfatherjusttalkedtoisourEnglishteacher,Mr.Smith.(that/who)\n4.状语从句中的省略在以when,while,once引导的时间状语从句及以if,unless引导的条件状语从句中和though,although引导的让步状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句中的主语指同一对象，且从句中含有be动词时，从句中可省去“主语+be”部分。\nWhenaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.Whenhewasaskedwhathehaddone,Johnjustkeptsilent.heIfheisfree,Jackwillgowithus.hewasIffree,Jackwillgowithus.heis\nUnlessinvited,hewon’tcome.Unlessheisinvited,hewon’tcome.heWhileheisdoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heisWhiledoinghousework,myfatheroftenlistenstomusic.heishe\n动词不定式中为了避免重复，省去与前面出现的相同部分，只保留to，但如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be，have,havebeen时，要保留这些词。–Areyougoingthere?–Yes,I’dliketo.Hedidn’tgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto.–Areyouanengineer?–No,butIwantto.–Hehasn’tfinishedthetaskyet.–Well,heoughtto.(gothere).(givemethechance).behave四不定式中的省略\nAttention!使役动词及感官动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。InoticedamantoentertheclassroomwhenIpassedby.Amanwasnoticedtoentertheclassroom.toX这类使役动词及感官动词主要有一“感”:二“听”:三“让”:四“看”:feelhearlistentohavemakeletwatchnoticeobservesee\n在以if引导的非真实条件句中若含有were,had,should时，常可以省略if而将were,had,should置于句首。WereIyou,I’dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.WereHadIalotofmoney,I’daidthepoorchildren.HadShouldtherebebird-flu,whatwouldwedo?Should虚拟条件句中的省略IfIwereyou,I’dgivetheAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadalotofmoney,I’daidthepoorchildren.\nHesuggestweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)在含有表示“命令、要求、建议、许可”或“禁止”等意义的名词性从句中使用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气的，should常可以省略。如：Hissuggestionisthatweshouldsetoutrightaway.(should)Theorderthatweshouldstaywhereweareisveryseriousandsevere.(should)It’sveryimportantthatstudentsshouldstudyhardatschool.(should)\nPracticeExercisesaboutEllipsis.\nDiscoveringusefulstructuresRewritethesesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.(_____)\n2.Aboywasontheleftsideofthesickwoman,andagirlwasontherightsideofthesickwoman.3.Shehasadaughterwhoisinhospital.4.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.(___________________)(_____)(_____________)5.Didshepassthefirstaidtestthatshedidyesterdayordidn’tshepass?ornot.\n6.Shecouldnotdecidedwhethertosendhimtohospitalornottosendhimtohospital.7.Whenyournoseisbleeding,youshouldbendforwardsothatthebloodrunsoutofyournoseandtheblooddoesn’trundownyourthroat.8.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirstaidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven’tdoneafirstaidcourse.notdownyourthroat.\nThesesentencesarecorrect.However,oneormorewordshavebeenleftout.Canyoutellyourpartnerwhichwordsaremissing?1) Thecottagesurroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.Thecottage(whichis)surroundedbyawallbelongstothelocalgovernment.\n2)ThefirstbookIreadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond.Thefirstbook(that)Ireadthistermwasmoreinterestingthanthesecond(bookthatIreadthisterm).\n3)Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthanexpected.Toherteacher’ssurprise,shedidbetterinherfirstaidexamthan(shewas)expected(todo).\n4)Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave.Idon’tthinktheyhavereturnedfromthehospital,buttheymighthave(returnedfromthehospital).\n5)Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t.Hewantedtohelptheaccidentvictimbuthisfrienddidn’t(wanttohelptheaccidentvictim).\n6)Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto.Youcanborrowmyfirstaidnotesifyouwantto(borrowmyfirstaidnotes).\nI.Choosethebestanswers.1)----Tomorrowisaholiday.Whyareyoudoingyourhomework?-----IamdoingtheseexercisesnowsothatIwon’thave_____onSunday.A.itB.themC.forD.to\n2)----ShallIinviteAnntomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?----Yes.It’llbefineifyou______.A.areB.canC.inviteD.do3)----Aren’tyouthemanager?----No,andI______A. don’twanttoB.don’twanttobeC.don’twantbeD.don’twant\n4)---I’llbeawayonabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?---Notatall______.A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbegladto5)----Won’tyouhaveanothertry?----________.A.Yes,IwillhaveB.Yes,Iwon’thaveC.Yes,Iwon’tD.Yes,Iwill\n7)----Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?----______?A.Idon’tthinkB.No,Idon’tthinkC.Idon’tthinksoD.No,Idon’tso8)----Haveyoufedthecat?----No,but______.A.I’mB.IamC.I’mjustgoingD.I’mjustgoingto\nII.单项选择1.---Iwon’tdoitanymore.----_______?A.Whydon’tB.Whydon’tdoitanymoreC.WhynotD.Whynotto2.Although____tostop,hekeptonworking.A.tellB.tellingC.havingtoldD.told3.---Willyouwastetimeandmoneyonthat?----Certainly_______.A.InotB.don’tC.notD.no√√√\n4.----Marydidn’tattendthelecture,didshe?----Yes,she_______.A.attendedB.didn’tattendC.didn’tD.did5.---What’sJohndoing?---_______newspapersintheroom.A.ShereadingB.ShereadsC.ToreadD.Reading6._______alwayssucceed.A.HonestandcleverstudentsB.StudentswhohonestandcleverC.HoneststudentsandcleverD.Studentsarehonestandclever√√√\n7.---Canyouclimbthattree,myboy?---_______?A.IB.MyselfC.MineD.Me8.Somepeopleareagainsttheplanbut_______supportit.A.anymoreB.manymoreC.muchmoreD.nomore9.---I’llbeawayforabusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?---Notatall.________.A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dliketoD.I’dbehappyto√√√\n10.---Whynotgoandhaveadinnerinarestaurant?---________.It’stooexpensive.A.WhynotB.IagreeC.I’mafraidnotD.I’msure11.____Ihadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When12.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---_____herbicycle.AsshelostB.LostC.BecauseoflosingD.Losing√√√\nII.下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。1.Ourhometownisnolongerwhatitusedto.2.WhenIintrouble,Ialwaysturntoherforhelp.3.Tompickedupacoinintheroadandhandedonetoapoliceman.be第一个I后加am或去掉第一个Iit\n4.Noonecanbearbeinglaughedinpublic.5.Whencomparingwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.6.Thegoodswereorderedlastmonthhaven’tarrivedyet.atcomparedgoods后加that或去掉were\n▼语法应试I.改写句子（使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘）1.Someonehasusedmymobilephone,butIdon’tknowwhohasusedit.2.Johnworkedhardbuthisbrotherdidnotworkhard.3.Ihavelazystudentsandhardworkingstudentsinmyclass.4.---Hasheeverbeenabroad?---No,hehasneverbeenabroad.\n5.Ifitisnecessary,wewillfinishitaheadoftime.6.Youmustnotbelateandyoumustnotbeabsent.7.Givemeyournameandaddress,please.8.Itiswelldone.9.Mothercantakearest,MothershouldtakearestbutMotherwon’ttakearestafterlonghoursofwork.10.Hecouldanswerthequestionsverywellifhewouldanswerthequestionsbuthedidn’tanswerthequestions.\n【语法专项训练】【单项选择【1．“Islippedonthestairs.Ithinkmyarmisbroken.”“Oh!I_______.”A.donothopetoB.donothopeC.hopenotsoD.hopenot2.“IsProfessorTateverysick?”“I’mafraid_______.”A.soB.thisC.toD.that3.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_______.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one4.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_______.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo\n5.“Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainovertheweekend?”“_______.”A.Idon’tbelieveB.Idon’tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot6.“Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.”“_______.”A.Idon’tB.Iwon’tC.Ican’tD.Ihaven’t7.“I’llbeawayonbusinesstrip.Wouldyoumindlookingaftermycat?”“Notatall._______.”A.I’venotimeB.I’drathernotC.I’dlikeitD.I’dbehappyto\n8.“Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?”“Didn’twejusthave_______?”A.itB.thatC.oneD.that9.“Therewillbeanewfilmonshow.”“I’mafraid_______.”A.soB.maybeC.notD.that10.“Weallhatepollution.”“_______.”A.Yes,everyonehatesB.Yes,everyonedoesC.No,IlikenotD.No,Idon’t\n跟踪练习1.—Couldyoupleasesparemesometime?I’vesomethingtotalkwithyou.—Notnow,_____time,perhaps.A.anyotherB.someC.otherD.someother2.Thestudentshaveallmadeuptheirmindstogainahighmark____difficulties.A.howeverB.whateverC.wheneverD.whicheverD.someotherB.whatever\n跟踪练习3.—Ifeeltired,Dad.—Tired?_____?A.ForwhatB.ForwhichC.FromwhichD.Ofwhat4.—Whynotjoinusinthegame?—_________.A.No,youdothesameB.Oh,that’sallrightC.Ok,comingD.Sure,pleasedoD.OfwhatC.Ok,coming\n跟踪练习5.Theboywantedhimtoridehisbicycleinthestreetbuthismothertoldhim______.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto6.—Wouldyoulikesomewine?—Yes,_________.A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebitA.nottoC.alittle\n跟踪练习7.—Howlonghasthisbookshopbeeninbusiness?—____1982.A.AfterB.InC.FromD.Since8.Youarestandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove______.A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefarD.SinceB.alittlefarther