高中人教版英语选修7课件 408页

目　录第31讲Unit1Livingwell第32讲Unit2Robots第33讲Unit3Underthesea第34讲Unit4Sharing第35讲Unit5Travelingabroad高中英语选修７新课标·人教版\n第31讲Unit1Livingwell第31讲Unit1Livingwell\n第31讲│美文欣赏美文欣赏[2011·湖北卷]请根据以下提示，结合你校园生活中的一个事例，就与人合作这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。Workingingroupsatschoolisanopportunitytolearnmoreaboutteamwork.Teamworkshowsushowotherpeople'srolesfitthepurposeofthegroup,anditteachesustobepatientandhowtorespondtodifferentpeople.\n注意：1.无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；2．除诗歌外，文体不限；3．内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例；4．文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；5．词数为100左右。第31讲│美文欣赏\n【精彩美文】Yearsofschoollifehastaughtmealotofthings,ofwhichteamworkisthemostimportantforme.Infact,Ididn'trealizeitsimportanceuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmyclassinmyseniormiddleschool.Atfirst,Ididmostofthedutiesmyselfwhileotherstudentscaredlittleaboutclassactivities.Asaresult,Iwastiredoutanddepressed.ThenIturnedtomyteacherandheadvisedmetocooperatewithothers.ThusIbegantorecognizethestrengthsofmyclassmatesandhaveeveryonedotheirpartinclass.Itisworkinginteamsinsteadofonmyownthathasfreedmeoftroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.第31讲│美文欣赏\n【全品点睛】①行文逻辑：提出观点→进行论证→照应主题。较好地使用了连接词语，如：infact，while，asaresult,then，thus等。②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：betiredoutanddepressed，turnto，cooperatewith，free…of，insteadof,onmyown等。③句式句法：运用了较多的句式和句法结构。如：非限制性定语从句：…ofwhichteamworkisthemostimportantforme；并列句：Ididmostofthedutiesmyselfwhileotherstudentscaredlittleaboutclassactivities；强调句：Itisworkinginteamsinsteadofonmyownthathasfreedmeoftroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.第31讲│美文欣赏\n基础梳理Ⅰ.单词荟萃1．________n．伤残；无力；无能→_______adj.伤残的→______v．使……残疾2．________n．雄心；野心→_________adj.有雄心的；有野心的→__________adv.有野心地3．________adj.有益的；受益的→______n．/v.利益，好处4．_______n．缺席；不在某处→______adj.缺席的；不在的→_______adj.出席的；到场的第31讲│基础梳理disabilitydisableddisableambitionambitiousambitiouslybeneficialbenefitabsenceabsentpresent\n5．_____v．使……不悦；惹恼→________adj.颇为生气的→________adj.令人生气的→__________n．烦恼6．______________n．鼓励；奖励→_________vt.鼓励→___________adj.鼓舞人心的7．_______n．政治(学)→________adj.政治的；政治学的→________n．政治家8．________n．协助；援助→________n．助手；助理_______v．帮助；援助第31讲│基础梳理annoyannoyedannoyingannoyanceencouragementencourageencouragingpoliticspoliticalpoliticianassistanceassistantassist\nⅡ.短语检测1．换句话说2．适合3．切去；省略；停止(做某事)4．上气不接下气5．总而言之6．闲坐着7．和；也8．取笑第31讲│基础梳理inotherwordsadapttocutoutoutofbreathallinallsitaroundaswellasmakefunof\nⅢ.佳句再现1．Doesthisdisability______________(使……困难)forthemtodosomethings？(make)2．___________________________(除了去看电影)andfootballmatcheswithmyfriends,Ispendalotoftimewithmypets.(aswellas)3．Sheisproud___________________(参加了)competitionsandtohavebrokenarecordbyrunningtwolaps(800metres)thisyear.(take)4．____________________(每次我回来)afteranabsence,IfeltstupidbecauseIwasbehindtheothers.(return)第31讲│基础梳理makeitdifficultAswellasgoingtothemoviestohavetakenpartinEverytimeIreturned\n5．Thefewwhocannotseetherealpersoninsidemybody________________________(不会使我生气),andIjustignorethem.(annoy)6．Ihaveaverybusylifewith____________________(没时间闲坐着)feelingsorryformyself.(sit)7．TolookaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftimebutI_________________(认为是值得的)．(find)8．SoI'dliketosuggestthattheseatsattheback__________(放置)higherthanthoseatthefrontsothateveryonecanseethescreeneasily.(place)第31讲│基础梳理donotmakemeannoyednotimetositaroundfinditworthwhilebeplaced\n1ambitionn．(thedesireordeterminationtobesuccessful,rich,powerful,etc.)雄心；野心(1)achieveone’sambition实现某人的愿望havetheambitionforsth.渴望得到某物(2)beambitioustodosth.一心想做……beambitious___(power/socialposition,etc.)极欲获得(权力，社会地位等)第31讲│单词点睛单词点睛for\n【情景记忆】第31讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Shedoubtswhethershe'lleverbeableto______________________(实现自己的抱负)．(2)__________________(她的抱负是)becomepartofthenationalteamforthenextParalympicGames.(3)She______________(渴望)succeedinlifeasawomanjournalist.(4)Never__________________________(放弃他的雄心壮志)tobeattheworldrecordinthehighjumpallhislife.第31讲│单词点睛achieveherambitionHerambitionistoisambitioustohashegivenuphisambition\n2adaptv.(tomakesuitableto)使适应；改编(1)adapt…to…使……适应……adapt(oneself)to…适应……adaptfor改编；改作(2)beadapted_____…由……改编【易混辨析】adjust,adapt与adopt(1)adjust表示“调整，调节，使适应”。如：It'scoldhere,canyouadjustthethermostat?这屋里很冷，你能把恒温器调一下吗？第31讲│单词点睛from\n(2)adapt指“修改，改编”或“改变以适应新条件”，有时可以和adjust互换。如：Headaptedhimselftothecoldweather.他适应了寒冷的天气。Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.作者将把他的剧本改编成电视剧。(3)adopt表示“采取；采用；收养”等。如：Theyadoptedmyteachingmethods.他们采用了我的教学方法。第31讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Afterenteringtheuniversity,wemust__________________________________________(使自己适应大学生活)．(2)Beingaccustomedtobeingpoor,hefound_____________________(难以适应)awealthylifeinashortperiodoftime.(3)Thenewfilmissaidto______________________(由一本小说改编的)byJaneAusten.(4)Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducation_____________________(必须适应)thosedifferences.第31讲│单词点睛adaptto/adaptourselvestotheuniversitylifeit(was)hardtoadapttobeadaptedfromanovelmustbeadaptedto\n(5)用动词adapt，adjust，adopt的适当形式填空①Youshould_____yourselftothenewenvironment.②Youcan'tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitis_______correctlytoyoursight.③Toomanyschools_____the“winatallcosts”moralstandardandmeasuretheirsuccessbysportingachievements.第31讲│单词点睛adaptadjustedadopt\n3annoyvt.(tomakealittleangry)使……不悦；惹恼annoysb.withsth./bydoingsth.因(做)某事使某人烦恼beannoyedwithsb.对某人感到生气beannoyedat/about/forsth.因某事生气【易混辨析】annoy，bother与disturb这三个词都含有“使恼怒”或“使烦恼”的意思，具体区别如下：第31讲│单词点睛\n(1)annoy强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的恼怒。如：Thesefliesareannoyingme.这些苍蝇真使我心烦。(2)bother指不停地“扰乱”、“麻烦”，使人不能安宁，而产生烦恼的心理。如：Youneedn'tbother;Icanlockthedoor.你不必担心，我会锁门的。(3)disturb意为“打扰，扰乱”，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏，精力一时不能集中。如：Hedisconnectedthephonesoasnottobedisturbed.为了不受打扰，他把电话线拔掉了。第31讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Althoughshe__________________(生他的气)abouthisannoyinghabit,hecan'tgetridofit.(2)Timeandtimeagain__________________________________________(让我恼火的是)thathestartsthejobuntilitbecomesdifficultandthenleavesmetopickupthepieces.(what)(3)__________________(让我恼火)thatmywifeinterferedwithmywork.(it)(4)Hedidn'tshowupthoughhehadsaidhewouldcome,at___________________(这让我恼火)．第31讲│单词点睛isannoyedwithhimwhatannoysmeis/whatmakesmeannoyedisItmademeannoyedwhichIwasannoyed\n(5)Iamthathehasnotansweredmyletter.A．botheredB．interruptedC．disturbedD．annoyed[解析]D考查动词辨析。句意：他没有给我回信，使我很生气。annoy使恼怒，使生气；bother不停打扰使人不安宁，着重于动作；disturb打扰，扰乱，指使正常秩序或一时的安定受到破坏；interrupt中断，打断。根据句意可知D项正确。第31讲│单词点睛\n4conductn．(person‘sbehaviour)行为；品行vt.(toleadorguide；control;manage)指挥；管理；主持(1)conductsb.around(＝showsb.around)带领某人参观conductsb.in/out/tothedoor领某人进来/出来/到门口conduct(＝do/make/perform/carryout)anexperiment做实验conductaconcert指挥音乐会conductasurvey/investigation开展调查(2)______theconductof在……指导(管理)下第31讲│单词点睛under\n【活学活用】(1)______________________________________(参观了图书馆后),thevisitorswereshownthepaintingexhibition.(2)I_______________________________(将做实验)fromthreetofivethisafternoon.(conduct)(3)Asurveyofconsumerattitudestowardsorganicfood__________________(正在开展)incitizens.(4)TheagriculturalexpertwasfromQinghuauniversity,_____________________________________________(在他的指导下),localfarmershadanabundantyear.第31讲│单词点睛Havingbeenconductedaroundthelibrarywillbeconductingtheexperimentisbeingconductedundertheconductofwhom/underwhoseconduct\n5resignvi&vt.(togiveupajoborposition)辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)resign______辞去(工作，职务……)resign…to…把……托付给(管理，照看)resignoneselfto听从，顺从，甘心于第31讲│单词点睛from\n【活学活用】(1)Thenews__________________________(他明天将辞职)issoonknowntoeverybodyinthecompany.(2)TherewasnosignthatMr.Jospin,whokeepsafirmcontrolonthepartydespite______________(辞职了)fromleadershipofit,wouldintervenepersonally.(3)AlthoughIfailedtostartmyownbusinessthistime,Iwillnever_____________________(向失败低头)．第31讲│单词点睛thathewillresigntomorrowhavingresignedresignmyselftofailure\n6congratulatevt.(totellsb.thatoneispleasedabouthisgoodfortuneorachievements)祝贺；庆祝(1)congratulatesb.onsth.因……向某人表示祝贺(2)congratulationstosb.onsth.因……向某人表示祝贺offersb.congratulationson…因……向某人表示祝贺Congratulations！(口语)祝贺你！第31讲│单词点睛\n【情景记忆】第31讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】congratulate…on…不要受汉语影响而使用介词for，即不能说成：congratulate…for…。【易混辨析】congratulate与celebrate(1)congratulate意为“祝贺，庆贺”，只能接人，若要表明所要祝贺的事情，要用on连接，构成“congratulatesb.onsth.”结构。(2)celebrate“庆祝(节日等)，过节”，其宾语通常是事(节日、胜利等)。如：WecelebratedNewYearwithadanceparty.我们举行舞会庆祝新年。第31讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Hesentthemanemail,______________________________(祝贺他们成功)．(2)Hereceivedasmanyasahundred_____________________(祝贺信)onthatsingleday.第31讲│单词点睛congratulatingthemontheirsuccesslettersofcongratulation\n(3)EminentphysicistsfromallovertheworldcametotheU．Stothecentennial(一百周年)ofEinstein'sbirth.A．congratulateB．applaudC．celebrateD．Participate[解析]C考查动词辨析。句意：世界各地杰出的物理学家们来到美国庆祝爱因斯坦诞辰一百周年。celebrate“庆祝”，其宾语是事情，符合句意表达。其他：congratulate“祝贺”，其宾语是人；applaud“鼓掌”；participate“参加”。第31讲│单词点睛\n7accessn．(awayofenteringorreachingaplace)(接近的)方法；通道；可接近性(1)beeasy/hardaccessto容易/难接近have/getaccessto得以接近(会见、进入、使用……)(2)accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的beaccessibleto能接近……，可使用……(3)accesscontrol访问控制accesstelevision公开电视节目accesstopower掌权freeaccessto免费使用第31讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道；入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权利等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问；登录”讲。第31讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)It'squitedifficultto___________(到达)thetempleontopofthemountainbecauseoftheroughpath.(access)(2)Medicineshouldnotbekept__________________________(在孩子们拿得到的地方)．(accessible)(3)Thepeoplelivingintheseapartments_____________________________________(有权免费进入那个游泳池)．(access)第31讲│单词点睛getaccesstowhereitisaccessibletochildrenhavefreeaccesstothatswimmingpool\n1inotherwords换句话说inwords用语言inaword简言之，总之wordforword逐字地breakone’sword失信，食言keepone’sword遵守诺言givesb.one’sword对某人许下诺言haveawordwithsb.与某人说句话havewordswithsb.与某人争吵第31讲│短语储存短语储存\n【活学活用】选择word短语并用其正确形式填空(1)Shehasagoodhandwriting,andisgoodatwritingarticles._________,sheisaqualifiedsecretary.(2)Thebeautyofsunsetcannotbedescribed________.(3)Thepersonwho_______________myfatherjustnowisoneofmyrelatives.(4)Thecouple_______________eachotherinthestreetignoringtheeyesofpassers－by.(5)IsoonfoundthattheworkIwasdoinghadbeendonebyotherpeople._____________，I'mwastingmytime.第31讲│短语储存InawordinwordshadawordwithhavewordswithInotherwords\n2cutout切掉，删掉cutdown砍倒；削减(费用等)cutup切碎；使心碎cut___切断，停掉；隔绝，挡住cut___插话，打断；超车cutinto侵犯，打断cutaway砍掉第31讲│短语储存offin\n【活学活用】(1)选择cut短语并用其正确形式填空①Thechildkept__________whileIwastalkingwithhisfather.②Thetrees_______ourviewofthesea.③Manytownsandvillageshadtheirwatersupply_______becausetherewasnoelectricity.④You'dbetter_______theunimportantdetailsofthearticle.⑤Jeanwasreally_______whenherhusbandlefther.⑥He_________theoldbranchesfromthetree.第31讲│短语储存cuttingincutoffcutoffcutoutcutupcutaway\n(2)I'mafraidtakingapart－timejobmightmytimeforstudy.A．cutoffB．cutintoC．cutdownD．cutaway[解析]B考查动词短语辨析。句意：恐怕做兼职工作会占用我的学习时间。cutoff切断，隔绝；切掉，剪下；cutinto侵犯，打断；cutdown砍倒，削减；cutaway切掉，砍掉；根据句意，选项B正确。第31讲│短语储存\n3outofbreath上气不接下气(1)holdone’sbreath屏息loseone’sbreath喘不过气来takeadeepbreath深深地吸了一口气第31讲│短语储存\n(2)outofsight看不见outofreach够不着outofcontrol失控outofdate过期outoffashion不再流行outoforder杂乱的，出毛病outofwork失业outofpatience不能忍受outofquestion没问题；无疑；毫无疑问outofthequestion不可能的；办不到的第31讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)选择outof短语并用其正确形式填空①IwaslateforthemeetingsoIstartedrunning,andwhenIgotthereIwastotally____________.②Somepopularsongsgo_____________soon.③Youcanchaseadreamthatseems____________.第31讲│短语储存outofbreathoutoffashionoutofreach\n(2)Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas.A．outofsightB．outofreachC．outoforderD．outofplace[解析]A考查动词短语辨析。句意：在火车站，这位母亲挥手向她的女儿告别，直到火车看不见为止。outofsight看不见；outofreach够不着；outoforder杂乱，出故障；outofplace不在原来的地方，不恰当。第31讲│短语储存\n4aswellas也，又；和……一样好asgoodas和……一样好aswell也，又(常作状语，相当于too,also)【温馨提示】aswellas可以用来连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。此时，aswellas连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意思为“不但……而且……”，“既……又……”，“除了……之外，还有……”。使用时要注意：第31讲│短语储存\n(1)连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要和前面的主语保持一致；连接两个谓语时，两个动词的时态要保持一致。如：Theteacheraswellashisstudentscomesintotheclassroom.老师和他的学生们进入了教室。(2)aswellas结构表示比较，引起一个比较状语从句。如：HecanoperatethemachineaswellasIdo.他操作这台机器能和我一样熟练。第31讲│短语储存\n(3)aswellas用作介词，相当于besides，inadditionto，意思是“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动名词，尤其是位于句首时。如：Aswellas/Besides/Inadditiontoeatingfivecoursesformeal,theydranksevenbottlesofwine.除了五道菜外，他们还喝了七瓶酒。第31讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren___________(滑冰)onthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.(go)(2)Infact,notonlyMaryandIbutalsoJane_________(厌倦)havingoneexamafteranother.(tired)第31讲│短语储存goesskatingistiredof\n1Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你们一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。句型公式as＋adj.＋an/a＋n.＋as和……一样……第31讲│句型透视句型透视\n【句式点拨】此句中as…as引导状语从句，两个as之间可以是adj./adv.也可以是n.，如果涉及数量可以用asmuch/many＋n.＋as…，或者as＋adj.＋an/a＋n.＋as…，此结构还可与twice,threetimes,half等连用。Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.这是一个像另一个一样好的例子。Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.你能拿多少纸，我也能拿多少。第31讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Ihavenevermetwith______________(一样聪明的男孩)asheisbefore,whohasreallyimpressedmeagreatdeal.(2)WiththehelpoftheGermanexperts,thefactoryproduced_________________(两倍的汽车)in1993astheyearbefore.第31讲│句型透视ascleveraboytwiceasmanycars\n2SoI'dliketosuggestthattheseatsatthebackbeplacedhigherthanthoseatthefrontsothateveryonecanseethescreeneasily.因此我建议影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，这样每个人都能容易地看到银幕。句型公式suggestthat＋主语＋陈述语气/虚拟语气第31讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句的主句是soI'dliketosuggest，后跟一个that引导的宾语从句，从句用的是虚拟语气。sothat引导的是一个目的状语从句。suggest引导宾语从句时，如果作“建议”讲，that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略；如果作“暗示，表明，说明”讲，其后的宾语从句则用陈述语气。另外，suggest的名词形式suggestion的相关主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也使用此虚拟语气。第31讲│句型透视\nShesuggestedthattheclassmeeting(should)notbeheldonSaturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。(虚拟语气)Theexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewasveryangry.他脸上的表情表明他很生气。(陈述语气)第31讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Thesuggestion_________________________________(发奖)bythemayorwasacceptedbyeveryone.(2)Thedoctorsmadeasuggestionthatthenewhospital_____________________________(不建在山上)．(3)Thesefactssuggestthat______________(没有生命)onthemoon.第31讲│句型透视thattheprizes(should)bepresented(should)notbesetuponthehillthereisnolife\n第31讲│跟踪训练跟踪训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Withthesewordsof______________(鼓励)，theysetsailtodiscovertheworld.2．Thoughsufferingfromboth_________(无能)andillness,heremainspositivetowardslife.3．Her________(野心)andherdeterminationneverfaltered,nordidthebeliefofherparents.ambitiondisabilityencouragement\n4．Iwilldosomevoluntaryworkforour__________(社区)thissummer.5．Onthelongjourney,heprovedhimselftobeanamusing___________(同伴)．第31讲│跟踪训练communitycompanion\nⅡ.选词填空outofbreath,makefunof,haveaccessto,sitaround,aswellas1.Ihavetobeactive—Icouldn't__________alldayandeveryday,nowthatI'mretired.2．Yououghtnotto___________him.Heisnottheoneyoulaughatbutlearnfrom.3．Studiesalsoshowthatlessthan5percentofthatgroup____________HIV－relatedhealthcare,theresearchgroupsaid.第31讲│跟踪训练sitaroundmakefunofhaveaccessto\n4．Youcanenjoythebeautifulscene________thesunlightinthesolariumofthehotel.5．Almost____________,hereachedthehouseandknockedonthedoor.Butnooneanswered.第31讲│跟踪训练aswellasoutofbreath\nⅢ.单项填空1．Histobecomeapilotwasheldbackbyhispooreyesight.A．destinationB．inspirationC．ambitionD．promotion[解析]C考查名词辨析。ambition“雄心，报复”。句意：他想成为飞行员的梦想受到了视力不好的阻碍。destination“目的地”；inspiration“灵感”；promotion“提升，促销”。第31讲│跟踪训练\n2．TheyareleavingforHangzhouintendays—，nextFriday.A．inotherwordsB．inmanywaysC．onthewholeD．onthecontrary[解析]A考查介词短语辨析。很显然，下文“nextFriday”是对上文“intendays”的解释，所以选inotherwords，意为“换句话说”。inmanyways“在很多方面”；onthewhole“大体上，基本上”；onthecontrary“相反”。第31讲│跟踪训练\n3．—JohnandIwillcelebrateourfortiethweddinganniversarynextmonth.—Oh,!A．cheerupB．welldoneC．goaheadD．congratulations[解析]D考查交际用语。根据题意可知这里应用一个表示祝贺的词(短语)。故选D。第31讲│跟踪训练\n4．Mybrother'splansarevery；hewantstomasterEnglish,FrenchandSpanishbeforeheissixteen.A．arbitraryB．aggressiveC．ambitiousD．abundant[解析]C考查形容词辨析。句意：我弟弟雄心勃勃；他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。ambitious意为“有抱负的，雄心勃勃的；有野心的”，符合题意。abundant大量的，充足的，富裕的；arbitrary随意的，任意的，武断的，专制的；aggressive侵犯的，侵略的，挑衅的。第31讲│跟踪训练\n5．—Theresultofthefootballmatchisreally.—Iagree.Ourteamshouldn'thavelostthetwoscores.A．pleasantB．cheerfulC．relaxingD．annoying[解析]D考查形容词辨析。句意：——这场足球赛的结果真让人郁闷。——我同意。我们队不应该失去那两分。pleasant使人愉快的，可喜的；cheerful快乐的，兴高采烈的；relaxing令人放松的；annoying令人烦恼的。第31讲│跟踪训练\n6．Bylaw，whenonemakesalargepurchase，heshouldhaveopportunitiestochangehismind.A．accurateB．annualC．actualD．adequate[解析]D考查形容词辨析。句意：按照法律，当一个人购买大件物品时，他应该有足够的机会改变主意。adequate足够的，充分的；accurate准确的，精确的；annual每年的；actual实际的，确实的。只有D项符合题意。第31讲│跟踪训练\n7．Justasabookisoftenjudgedbythequalityandappearanceofitscover,apersonisjudgedimmediatelybyhisappearance.A．previouslyB．uniquelyC．outwardlyD．initially[解析]C考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像凭外在质量和封面来判断一本书如何一样，对人的判断一看外表就知道了。outwardly意为“从外表”；previously意为“以前”；uniquely意为“唯一地”；initially意为“最初”。第31讲│跟踪训练\n8．BeforetheHopeProjectwascarriedoutinthispoorarea,childrenherehadnotoeducation.A．accessB．approachC．attitudeD．attraction[解析]A考查名词辨析。access意思是“机会，途径”。句意为：在希望工程实施以前，这个贫困地区的孩子没有上学的机会。approach“方法；途径”；attitude“态度”；attraction“吸引”。第31讲│跟踪训练\n9．Theworldwillbedifferent,andwewillhavetobepreparedtothechange.A．adapttoB．adopttoC．applytoD．devoteto[解析]A考查动词短语辨析。句意：世界将是不同的，我们必须准备好来适应这种变化。adaptto适应；adopt收养；applyto应用，适用；devoteto致力于，贡献。第31讲│跟踪训练\n10．Toomanyhotelshavebeenbuiltandthishas_______prices,makingholidayscheaper.A．cutshortB．cutoutC．cutoffD．cutdown[解析]D考查动词短语辨析。由makingholidayscheaper可知，语境表达的是“降低价格”，故选择D项，意为“消减，降低”。第31讲│跟踪训练\n第32讲Unit2Robots第32讲Unit2Robots\n第32讲│美文欣赏美文欣赏Forthispart,you'rerequiredtowriteashortessayentitledOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteabout120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚；2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题；3．我的建议。\n【精彩美文】OnlineShoppingNowadays,onlineshoppinghasgainedgreatpopularityamongmoreandmorewebusers.Undoubtedlyspeaking,onlineshoppinghasmanyadvantages.Tobeginwith,comparedwithtraditionalshopping,it'sveryconvenient.Besides,morechoicesthanrealstoresareanotherattractiontocustomers.第32讲│美文欣赏\nHowever,onlineshoppinghasitsdisadvantages.It'scommonthatarticlesaren'tsogoodastheyaredescribedonlinethatcustomerssometimesbuyfakegoods.Moreover,it'stroublesomeandannoyingformanycustomerstomakeachangewhentheyarenotsatisfiedwithwhattheyboughtonline.Asforme,IlikeonlineshoppingbutIexpectthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentomakeitbetter.Thegovernmentshouldworkoutstrictregulationsandrulestopreventunfaithfulandunlawfulactivitiesofonlineshopowners.第32讲│美文欣赏\n【全品点睛】①行文逻辑：引出话题→正反论证→提出建议。较好地使用了连接词语，如：undoubtedlyspeaking，tobeginwith，besides，however，more－over，asforme，but等。②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：convenient，attraction，troublesomeandannoying，makeachange,workout等。第32讲│美文欣赏\n③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：it作形式主语的主语从句：It'scommonthatarticlesaren'tsogoodastheyaredescribedonline；结果状语从句：…thatcustomerssometimesbuyfakegoods；时间状语从句和宾语从句：whentheyarenotsatisfiedwithwhattheyboughtonline；非谓语动词结构：comparedwithtraditionalshopping/topreventunfaithfulandunlawful…等。第32讲│美文欣赏\n基础梳理Ⅰ.单词荟萃1．______n．渴求；欲望；渴望vt.希望得到；想要→_______adj.令人想要的；悦人心意的2．__________n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→______vt.满足；使满意→__________adj.令人满意的；符合要求的3．_____n．喜爱，恩惠vt.喜爱；偏袒→__________adj.赞成的；有利的→favouriteadj.特别喜爱的4．__________vt.陪伴；伴奏→________n．陪伴；(一)群；(一)队→__________n．伙伴第32讲│基础梳理desiredesirablesatisfactionsatisfysatisfactoryfavorfavourableaccompanycompanycompanion\n5．_______vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称→___________n．宣布；宣言；声明6．________n．喜爱；钟爱；感情→_____vt.影响；感动→_____n．结果；作用，影响7．______n．天才；特殊能力；才干→________adj.有才能的；天才的8．_____vt.&vi.服从；顺从→_______vt.&vi.不服从；违抗第32讲│基础梳理declaredeclarationaffectionaffecteffecttalenttalentedobeydisobey\nⅡ.短语检测1．试验2．让某人单独待着3．与其说……不如说……4．同情某人5．更确切地说6．将……放在一边7．和……有绯闻8．一定会……第32讲│基础梳理testoutleavesb.alonemore…than…have/feelsympathyforsb.orrathersetasidehaveanaffairwithbeboundto\nⅢ.佳句再现1．Assheturnedaround,___________(站在那里)GladysClaffern.(stand)2．Theguests_______________(就要到了)soonandClairetoldTonytogointoanotherroom.(arrive)3．Itwasthen_________________(Claire意识到)thatTonyhadopenedthecurtainsonthefrontwindow.(realize)4．Just______________(他们来不及离开)，ClaireheardGladyswhisperingtoanotherwoman…(before)5．Clairethoughtitwasridiculous_____________________(给予同情)byarobot.(offer)第32讲│基础梳理therestoodwouldbearrivingthatClairerealizedbeforetheylefttobeofferedsympathy\n6．Bythattime,Tonyexpectedthehouse_________________________(被彻底运走)．(transform)7．ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomen__________________________(与机器相爱)．(fall)8．Asimovbeganhaving_______________(发表故事)insciencefictionmagazinesin1939.(punish)9．Amonghismostfamousworksofsciencefiction,one________________________(他因此而获奖的)wastheFoundationtrilogy…(win)第32讲│基础梳理tobecompletelytransformedfallinginlovewithmachinesstoriespublishedforwhichhewonanaward\n第32讲│单词点睛单词点睛1desiren.(astronghopeorwish)愿望；心愿；要求vt.(towantsth.;towishforsth.)期望；希望；请求\n(1)haveadesirefor…/todo…渴望……；渴望做……meet/satisfyone'sdesire满足某人的愿望haveastrongdesiretodosth./forsth.迫切想做某事/得到某物(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.希望某人做某事desirethat…希望……(后接虚拟语气)第32讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】desire作及物动词，不用于进行时态。意为“要求”时，后接宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省去。此外由desire变化而来的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。第32讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Theyhave____________________(取胜的强烈欲望),whichisneededforfootball.(2)Infrontofthelabourexchangetherearemanypeople___________________(想找工作)．(3)Wesurelydesirethatthetourleader__________________(得到通知)immediatelyofanychangeinthetravelschedules.(4)Weexpressthedesirethat____________________(提供帮助)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.第32讲│单词点睛astrongdesiretowindesiringtogetajob(should)beinformedhelp(should)begiven\n(5)Itisdesiredthatthisrule_________________________________(引起重视)ofthestaff.(bring)第32讲│单词点睛(should)bebroughttotheattention\n2alarmn．(sth.thattellsyouaboutdanger)警报vt.(togiveawarningorfeelingofdangerto)使……惊恐(1)alarmedadj.惊恐的，忧虑的bealarmedat/by…对……大为惊慌；担心，害怕(2)alarmingadj.(令某人)惊慌的，(令某人)忧虑的(3)afirealarm火警__alarm惊恐地givethealarmto…给……发警报ring/soundthealarm敲警钟；按报警器第32讲│单词点睛in\n【活学活用】(1)Theparents______________(很害怕)thenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidentwhenreturningtheschool.(alarm)(2)Tomhasneverbeen_________(惊恐)butkeepinalarminwhateverurgencycases.(3)Behaviouraleconomistswereamongthefirst_________________(发出警报的)abouttroubleinthemarkets.(sound)(4)Whatmighthavehappenedifpublichealthofficials________________________(没有发出警报)tothepublicintime?(sound)第32讲│单词点睛werealarmedatinalarmtosoundthealarmhadn'tsoundedthealarm\n3sympathyn．(feelingofpityandsorrowforsb.)同情；同情心feel/havesympathyforsb.同情某人insympathy_____同情；赞成；和……一致outofsympathy出于同情winsympathyfrom博得……的同情第32讲│单词点睛with\n【活学活用】(1)Afterhearingthestory,he________________(对……感到同情)herpresentsituation.(2)________________(出于同情)forthehomelesschildrenhegavethemshelterforthenight.(3)Itistruethattherearesomepeoplewhoabductlittlekids,thentrainthemtosellflowersorbeg,somebadguysevenhurtthekid'sbody____________________________(以博得陌生人的同情)．(4)Sheseldomgetsloveorcarefromfamiliesorothers,____________________________(也得不到同情)fromothers.(nor)第32讲│单词点睛feltsympathyforOutofsympathytowinsympathyfromstrangersnordoesshewinanysympathy\n4favourvt.(totreatsb.betterthanyoutreatotherpeople,especiallyinanunfairway)喜爱；偏袒n.(actofkindnessbeyondwhatisdueorusual)恩惠，帮忙；偏爱askafavourofsb.＝asksb.afavour求某人帮个忙dosb.thefavourtodosth.帮某人一个忙去做某事infavour__赞成，支持__one'sfavour对某人有利第32讲│单词点睛ofin\n【活学活用】(1)______________(帮我个忙)andturntheradiodownwhileI'monthephone,willyou?(2)Willyou________________(帮我个忙)tolendmetheEnglishdictionary?(3)Theyareall___________(支持)hissuggestionthatthematterbeputtothecommitteetohearwhatthey'vegottosay.第32讲│单词点睛Domeafavourdomethefavourinfavourof\n5accompanyvt.(togowithsb.,especiallyonajourney;toplayamusicalinstrument,especiallyapiano,whilesb.elsesingsorplaysthemaintune)陪伴；伴奏(1)accompanysb.to…陪某人到……(to为介词)accompanysb.at/onsth.用某物(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏(2)beaccompaniedwith/bysth.由……陪伴、伴随(3)keepsb.company陪伴某人第32讲│单词点睛\n【情景记忆】第32讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Wally,________________________(在护士的陪护下),wasflowndirectlytoahospitalformoreintensivetreatment.(2)I'llgetmybrotherto_____________________________(用钢琴为我伴奏)whenIsingasongattheconcert.(3)Herfather_________________(陪她去)theconcertandwhenshesang,herfather____________________________(为她钢琴伴奏)．Hersongsoundedwonderful_______________________(在音乐的伴奏下)．第32讲│单词点睛accompaniedbythenurseaccompanymeon/atthepianoaccompaniedhertoaccompaniedheron/atthepianoaccompaniedbythemusic\n6declarevt.(tosayinordertoshowthatonehasnodoubt)宣布；声明；宣称；表明declaresth.宣布某事declaresb./sth.(tobe)＋adj.宣布某人/某事……declarefor/against…公开表示支持/反对……declare___宣布退出、取消(约会、计划、比赛等)declarewaron/againstsb.对……宣战第32讲│单词点睛off\n【易混辨析】announce与declare两者均可表示“宣布”，区别如下：(1)announce主要指宣布大家期待的或与大家有关的事情，所涉及的情况通常是别人原来不知道的事，含有预告的意思。如：IthasbeenannouncedthatMr.AandMissBwillbemarriednextweek.已正式宣布A先生与B小姐将于下星期结婚。第32讲│单词点睛\n(2)declare含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，所涉及的事情不一定是别人不知道的。Thecityofficialsdeclaredastateofemergency.城市当局宣布该城处于紧急状态。第32讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Policehavenow______________________(向……宣战)drugdealersinthearea.(2)Doyouthinkhewill______________(声明反对)theplan?(3)Thechairman_______________________(宣布会议开始)．(4)Sadtosay,thenewsfinallycame_________________________________(比赛取消了)．(declare)第32讲│单词点睛declaredwaron/againstdeclareagainstdeclaredthemeetingopenthatthematchwasdeclaredoff\n(5)Wehavetimeandtimeagainthatwewillneverbethefirsttousenuclearweapons.A．declaredB．announcedC．declinedD．exclaimed[解析]A考查动词辨析。句意：我们一再声称我们决不首先使用核武器。declare指在庄严场合郑重宣布，公开表明，其目的不在于众所周知，而在于使人明白了解。announce指将大家感兴趣的事公布于众，诸如消息或新闻等；decline指“拒绝，谢绝”；exclaim指“(因愤怒、高兴等)呼喊惊叫”。只有A项符合题意。第32讲│单词点睛\n7talentn.(specialnaturalabilityorskill)才干，天才；有才能的人(1)haveatalentforsth.有……的天分beoftalent有天赋的(2)talented有天赋的betalented___…具有……方面的才能第32讲│单词点睛in\n【活学活用】(1)Ittookmefifteenyearstodiscover________________________(我没有写作的才能),butIcouldn'tgiveitupbecausebythattimeIwastoofamous.(2)Iadmit_____________(她有天分)inmusic,butbeingaprofessionalsingerisreallyalongshot.(3)Notonly___________________(她有天分)formusic,butalsosheworkshard.(4)_______________(尽管他有天分),heisnotyetreadytoturnprofessional.(as)第32讲│单词点睛Ihadnotalentforwritingshe'stalenteddoesshehaveatalentTalentedasheis\n1testout考验；试验(彻底的检查)teston检验，测验testfor为鉴定……而测试；勘探第32讲│短语储存短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)ItisreportedonTVthatanothercompany_____________(正在勘探石油)inSouthChinasea.(2)Itisgreatlydemandedbythepublicthatthemedicine___________________________(不应在动物身上做实验)．(3)Uptonowthiskindofnewsportscar__________________________(尚未经过充分检验)．(4)Thetreatmentissaid__________________(已通过了测试)onhealthyfertilewomenundertheageof35.第32讲│短语储存istestingforoilshouldn'tbetestedonanimalshasn'tbeenfullytestedouttohavebeentested\n2turnaround转向turnaway(把脸)转过去turnagainst背叛；反抗turnon/off打开/关掉turnup出现；调大(音量)turndown拒绝；调小(音量)turnout结果是；证明是turnto转向；救助于第32讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)选择turn短语并用其正确形式填空①Theyoungladycan'timaginewhatifherhusband____________her.②Thoughpoor,thegirl___________others'helpfirmly.③Hepromisedtocomebuthasn't_________yet.④Couldyou_______thebathformewhileyou'reupstairs?⑤Don'tforgetto________thelightwhenyouleave.⑥Withnooneto_______insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.第32讲│短语储存turnsagainstturneddownturnedupturnonturnoffturnto\n(2)Maryheardsomebodycallher,soshetoseewhoitwas.A．turnedoffB．turnedoutC．turnedupD．turnedaround[解析]D考查动词短语辨析。turnoff“关掉；关上”；turnout“生产，结果是”；turnup“(把声音)调大一点，出现”；turnaround“转身”。由句意“玛丽听到有人叫她，就转身看一下是谁(在叫她)。”可知，用turnaround，故选D。第32讲│短语储存\n3ringup打电话给……ringback回电话ringoff/hangup挂断电话holdon/waitamoment别挂断callsb./telephonesb./phonesb./givesb.acall/givesb.aring给某人打电话第32讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)Ifthisman________formeagain,don'tputhimthrough.(2)Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedto_______andpretendedtobeworking.(3)Sorry,she'sjustgoneout.willyouliketo_________later?第32讲│短语储存ringsupringoffringback\n4leave…alone不打扰leavebehind留下，遗留leaveaside(把某事)搁置一边leavefor出发前往leaveout省去；遗漏；不考虑【温馨提示】(1)在短语leave…alone中，宾语不论是名词还是代词，都要放在leave与alone中间。(2)leavehimalone可意为“让他独自一人”或“不干涉他”；而lethimalone通常只作“不干涉他”讲。第32讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)选择leave短语并用其正确形式填空①Generally,weenjoyourfriends'company,butthereareoccasionswhenwehope___________________________________(不受打扰)forawhile.②Youhavetofollowcloselyifyouwanttoavoid________________(落后)．③Hewasaskedto________anothercityin24hours.④Theteacherrequiredusto_________someunnecessarywordsinouressays.第32讲│短语储存tobeleftalone/toleaveourselvesalonebeingleftbehindleaveforleaveout\n(2)Sheissosadbecauseshefailedinthemathtest.Let'sher.A．leave;behindB．leave;aloneC．leave;asideD．leave;out[解析]B考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为数学考试没有及格，她很难过。让她独自呆一会儿吧。leave…alone意为“不打扰”。第32讲│短语储存\n5setaside将……放到一边；节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑(1)layaside放在一边，积蓄putaside积蓄，搁一搁(2)setoff出发，起程，引爆setabout着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)setout出发，开始做……(后接不定式)setdown放下；记下setup建立，树立，搭起第32讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】选择set短语并用其正确形式填空(1)Assoonasshearrivedshe_________tidyinguptheroom.(2)Theoldcoupletriedto________someextramoneyforsomepurpose.(3)Theschoolhas______aspecialclasstohelpthosepoorlearners.(4)Havingsaidgoodbyetothefriends,they__________fortheirdestination.第32讲│短语储存setaboutsetasidesetupsetoff/out\n(5)Hisspeechhas______violenceinthecrowd.(6)Hewill________allhisimportantthoughtsinhisdiarywhentheyarefreshinhismind.第32讲│短语储存setoffsetdown\n1Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.她一转身，发现格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。句型公式“状语＋谓语＋主语”式的全部倒装结构第32讲│句型透视句型透视\n【句式点拨】这是一个完全倒装句，其结构为“状语＋谓语＋主语”。这种完全倒装句可以使句子平衡，前后联系比较紧密，而且也给状语部分比较突出的地位。这种全部倒装可以用于下列四个方面：(1)当句首为there,here,now,then等副词且谓语动词为be,come,go等时，句子通常用全部倒装语序。Nowcomesyourturn.现在轮到你了。(2)突出状语或表语以示强调。Sostrangewashismannerthateveryonestaredathim.他的行为如此怪异，以至于每个人都盯着他看。第32讲│句型透视\n(3)使句子整体平衡。有短语或从句修饰的主语太长，谓语部分太短，如不使用倒装形式，会给人一种“头重脚轻”的感觉；而主谓完全倒装形式，才能使句子整体平衡。Greatwasthedelightofthestudents.学生们欢天喜地。(4)使本句和前面的句子联系得紧密。Ireachedabigtreesoon,andunderthebigtreelayanoldman.我很快就到了一棵大树下，而那棵大树下躺着一位老人。第32讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Onyourwaytotheairport,you'llseethatalongtheroad_______________________________(有很多新建的建筑物)．(stand)(2)Onedayinparticular,hisdoorbellrang,and____________________(站着一个陌生人)inathree－piecesuit.(stand)第32讲│句型透视standmanynewlybuiltbuildingstherestoodastranger\n2ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得做一番改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。句型公式havesb.doingsth.让某人做某事第32讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句的主句是hewouldhavetoberebuilt,eventhough引导让步状语从句。破折号在此起补充说明的作用。havesb.doingsth.有两种含义：允许某人做某事，不能让……多用于否定句中；让某人一直做某事，强调动作的持续性。如：Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。Tom,Iwillnothaveyoushoutingatmethatway!汤姆，我不会让你用那种方式对我喊叫。第32讲│句型透视\n【相关拓展】(1)havesth.done意为“请人做某事”或“遭遇某种(不幸的)事情”。Ihadmywatchrepairedinthestreetyesterday.我昨天在街上修了我的手表。(2)can't/won'thavesth.Done(sb.doing)，且主语为第一人称时，意为“不容许，不许可”。Iwon'thavemyhouseturnedintohotel.我决不允许把我的房子变成旅馆。第32讲│句型透视\n(3)havesb.dosth.意为“让某人做某事”。Mymotherhadmeposttheletteratonce.我妈妈要我立即将信寄出去。注意：have作“有”讲时其宾语后可接带to的不定式作定语。Ihaveacompositiontowrite,soIcan'tgoswimming.我有一篇作文要写，因此我不能去游泳。第32讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Hefeelsitdangerousforagirltobeoutlateatnightsohe_______________________________________(不容许女儿晚归)．(arrive)(2)—You'dbettergoand_______________________(把你的轿车洗洗)．—No,I'lldoitmyself.(wash)第32讲│句型透视won'thavehisdaughterarrivinghomelatehave/getyourcarwashed\n第32讲│跟踪训练跟踪训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Iamobligedtoyou,ofallthings,forcorrectingsoa_____amistake.2．Theyexpressedtheirs________forthereturnedsoldiersfromthebattle.3．KatehadplannedtotraveltoParisalonetoacquireanimport－exportcompany,butatthelastminutesheaskedBradtoa_________her.bsurdympathyccompany\n4．Ana____trafficaccidenthappenedyesterdayafternoon,whichclaimedseventeenpeople,includingthreechildren.5．Hewasrightinhisa_________andwronginhisprediction.第32讲│跟踪训练wfulssessment\nⅡ.选词填空setaside,fallinlovewith,leave…alone,beboundto,orrather1.Someonehadcalled，sohehadtowalk________runtotheoffice.2．Ifweallputonourthinkingcaps,we____________comeupwithsomethingsuitable.3．Theoldercouplehad________otherfeelingsinanattempttoholdthefamilytogether.第32讲│跟踪训练orratherareboundtosetaside\n4．Doyouthinkyoucan______________someonethatyoudon'treallyknowatall?5．_________inthecottage,thegirlwhohadhadthefearofghostsdrummedintoherfromherchildhoodstayedawakeallnight.第32讲│跟踪训练fallinlovewithLeftalone\nⅢ.单项填空1．Bob'sdeskmateistooselfishaman,whomwecan't_______tolendusahand.A．suggestB．desireC．makeD．hope[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：鲍勃的同桌太自私，我们不可能指望他帮我们一把。desiresb.todosth.意为“期盼某人做……”，符合句意表达。suggest和hope均不能直接接sb.作宾语。第32讲│跟踪训练\n2．Thishasfocusedtheworld'sattentiononthepolarregions,whoseiceismeltingata(n)rate.A．amusingB．misleadingC．alarmingD．confusing[解析]C考查形容词辨析。句意：极地区域是世界关注的焦点所在，因为冰层融化的速度快得令人担忧。alarming“(令某人)忧虑的”，符合句意表达。其他：amusing有趣的，好玩的；引人发笑的；misleading令人误解的；confusing令人困惑的。第32讲│跟踪训练\n3．Theengineershaverejectedtheemployers'proposalstoendthestrikeandtheotherworkershavecomeoutin.A．oppositionB．returnC．sympathyD．readiness[解析]C考查名词辨析。句意：工程师们拒绝了雇主结束罢工的提议，其他的工人们也都纷纷罢工声援。insympathy以示赞同/支援；inreturn作为报答；opposition反对，inoppositionto起来反对；readiness准备(状态)，待机。第32讲│跟踪训练\n4．Whycan'tyoudothissmallforme?Ihelpedyouoftenenoughinthepast.A．workB．demandC．favourD．good[解析]C考查名词辨析。句意：你为何就不能帮我个小忙？过去我对你帮助可是够大的。dosb.afavour意为“帮某人一个忙”。第32讲│跟踪训练\n5．—Wouldyouliketogocampingwithmewhenthesummerholidaycomes?—Ireallydislikecamping,butIwillyouifyouinsist.A．companyB．companionC．accompanyD．compare[解析]C考查动词辨析。语境表达“我会陪同你”，故选择accompany“陪同”。其他均不符合题意。第32讲│跟踪训练\n6．Itseemssomewhatofasensiblemantodrive3hoursjustfora10－minuteface－to－facetalk,butIdidthattointerviewJustinBieber.A．absurdB．uniqueC．clumsyD．abrupt[解析]A考查容词词义辨析。句意：一个明智的人开车3个小时只为一个十分钟面对面的交谈，听起来似乎有点荒谬，但为了采访贾斯汀·比伯我确实那样做了。absurd荒谬的；unique特有的；clumsy笨拙的；abrupt突然的。第32讲│跟踪训练\n7．CouldyouletmethecomputerbeforeImakeupmymindtobuyit?A．watchoutB．workoutC．testoutD．figureout[解析]C考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我决定买电脑之前，你能让我把它好好检验一下吗？testout意为“彻底的检查”，符合句意表达。其他：watchout注意；workout算出；产生……结果；锻炼；设计出，制定出；figureout算出；了解，弄明白。第32讲│跟踪训练\n8．WouldyoupleasecomeandhelpmewiththisformbecauseIdon'tknowhowtoit.A．setasideB．setupC．setoffD．setabout[解析]D考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能来帮我填这份表格吗？我不知如何着手。setabout意为“开始，着手”，符合本题题意。setoff意为“开始(旅行，赛跑等)，出发”；setaside意为“留出，把……放在一旁”；setup意为“成立，建立”。因此D为正确选项。第32讲│跟踪训练\n9．Isupportyourdecision，butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnotgoingtobetoit.A．connectedB．fastenedC．boundD．stuck[解析]C考查表语形容词辨析。句意：我支持你的决定，但是我得说明，我不打算受它约束。beboundtosth.意为“受……的约束”。第32讲│跟踪训练\n10．Wehaven'tseeneachotherformanyyears,soIamquite___________theplanthatwehaveapartythisweekend.A．inplaceofB．infavorofC．inhonourofD．inneedof[解析]B考查介词短语辨析。infavorof“赞成”。句意：我们很多年没有见面了，因此我很赞成我们本周末举行聚会的计划。inplaceof“代替”；inhonourof“尊敬……”；inneedof“需要……”。第32讲│跟踪训练\n阅读写作(十九)说明文写作之图画、图表说明阅读写作(十九)[说明文写作之图画、图表说明]\n阅读写作(十九)│写作点拨写作点拨说明文是以说明为主要表达方式，要求用简洁明快的语言来解说事物、阐明事理，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示，并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查，一般分为：场所路线介绍；事物介绍；方式方法或计划安排介绍三大类。写说明文宜采用三段式：第一段：主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的；第二段：说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤；\n第三段：进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应遵循以下几个步骤：1．仔细审题，明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。2．选择合理的说明顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序)分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。3．选择恰当的说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，注意不要遗漏主要内容。4．根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁、明了，不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。阅读写作(十九)│写作点拨\n阅读写作(十九)│词句模板词句模板1．说明方位、路线常用语：(1)…islocatedatthefootof/bythesideof…，totheeastof…andtothenorthof…(2)Infrontofitis…，with…onitsleftand…onitsright.(3)Turningtotheleft,youwillsee…，behindwhichis…(4)Walkingpast…，thebuildingthatappearsinfrontofyouis…\n(5)Alongtheroadarelinesoftrees,fromwhichstudentscanfindshadefromthehotsun.(6)Awalkaround…isafeastforthemindaswellastheeye.(7)Onyourleftliesa…，withallkindsof…init.(8)Nexttothedooragainstthewallthereisa…，inwhichwesittowatchTVeveryevening.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n2．说明事物的特点或优势常用语：(1)…isanewkindof…producedby…，whichis…(2)Madeof…，itislight,small,andeasytocarry.(3)…containingmuchtopandnewtechnique…isfamousforitsexcellentqualityandreasonableprice.(4)Chinaisalargecountrywithalonghistoryandmuchpopulation.(5)Itisrichinnaturalresourcessuchascoalandgoldandhasmildweather.(6)Builtinthe16thcentury,thecastlehaswitnessedtoomuchcomingandgoinginhistory.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n3．说明做某事的具体方法常用语：(1)Nowadaysitiscommontouse…，butnotknowinghowtouse…(2)Asisknowntoall,itisimportantto…(3)Withthedevelopmentof…，thereisanincreasingneedforpeopletoknowhowto…(4)Thereareseveralstepstofollow./Herearesometips.(5)Thefirstthingtodoisto…(6)Although…isimportant,butwithout…，alltheeffortsyouhavemadewillbeinvain.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n(7)Toensuresuccess,thereisonemorethingthatyoumustbearinmind,thatis…(8)Withthehelpoftheabovemethods,youwillachieveyourgoalsoon.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n4．说明文格式模板：模板(1)阅读写作(十九)│词句模板Asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentageinthetable(graph/picture/piechart),作文题目的议题hasbeenonrise(goesup/increases/drops/decreases)，significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfrom%in年to%in年.Fromthesharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat现象总结．\n阅读写作(十九)│词句模板Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor.Ontheonehand,.Ontheotherhand,isduetothefactthat.Inaddition,isresponsiblefor.(Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow.Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.)AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthat.\n模板(2)阅读写作(十九)│词句模板Thechartgivesusanoverallpictureofthe图表主题.Thefirstthingwenoticeisthat图表最大特点.Thismeansthatas(进一步说明)．Wecanseefromthestatisticsgiventhat图表细节一.After动词－ing(细节一中的第一个变化),the动词－ed＋幅度＋时间(紧跟着的变化).Thefiguresalsotellusthat图表细节二.Inthecolumn,wecanseethataccountsfor进一步描述．Judgingfromthesefigures,wecandrawtheconclusionthat结论.Thereasonforthis,asfarasIamconcernedisthat给出原因./Itishightimethatwe发出倡议.\n【活学活用】上海至南京的城际高铁(theintercityhigh-speedtrain)于2010年7月1日开通。请您简要描述以下两张图片的内容。列举人们对高铁开通的不同看法(至少两点)，并谈一谈您的个人观点。阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n要求：1．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。2．词数：150词左右。短文开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。3．文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。OnJuly1st,Chinaopenedtheintercityhigh－speedtrainbetweenShanghaiandNanjing.______________________________________________________阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n【参考范文】OnJuly1st,Chinaopenedtheintercityhigh-speedtrainbetweenShanghaiandNanjing.Ittakesaboutseventy-fiveminutesfromNanjingtoShanghaionthehigh-speedtrain.Passengersenjoysafeandcomfortableserviceduringthewholejourney.Comparedwithotherformsoftransportation,thehigh-speedtrainhasmanyadvantages.Itprovideshigherspeedoftravelforitsusers.Inaddition,ithelpssharetheburdenofothertransportsystems.Lastbutnotleast,thehigh-speedtrainservicecontributestohelpingboosteconomy,tourismandtheexchangebetweentheprosperouscitiesalongtheline.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\nHowevernoteveryonethinkshighlyofthehigh-speedtrain.Firstly,theticketpricewillbeabout50percenthigherthanthefareforthe“D”trainsalongthesameroute,whichistooexpensiveforordinarywage-earners.Secondly,mostofthemaredesignedtomakestopsateverystation,socoveringthewholedistancewilltakenearlytwohours.Inmyopinion,thehigh-speedtraincanbedescribedasafast,safe,comfortableandenvironmentally-friendlymeansoftransportation.Itwillbemorebeneficialtothedevelopmentofourcity.阅读写作(十九)│词句模板\n第33讲│Unit3Underthesea第33讲Unit3Underthesea\n第33讲│美文欣赏美文欣赏“贫困对于儿童是好的教科书”，但是有些家长的心情十分矛盾。一方面，家长们想为孩子创造舒适的生活和学习环境。另一方面，又怕如此娇生惯养，孩子被宠坏，缺乏好素质，将来没出息。\n要求：1.请以“Hardlifeisgoodforchildren”为题，讲述“吃苦”的好处，给出一些建议，帮助家长消除疑虑。2．词数：150左右(不包括已给出的短文开头)。HardlifeisgoodforchildrenNowadays，quitealotofparentsareinadilemma.Ononehand,___________________________________________________第33讲│美文欣赏\n【精彩美文】HardlifeisgoodforchildrenNowadays,quitealotofparentsareinadilemma.Ononehand,theywanttoprovidecomfortablelivingandlearningconditionsfortheirchildren.Ontheotherhand,whatworriesthemisthattoocosyconditionsmightleadtospoiledchildrenwithoutgoodqualitieslikeperseverance,determination,andsoon.第33讲│美文欣赏\nIfirmlybelievethathardlifeisgoodforchildren.Childrenfrompoorfamiliesareusuallyindependentandhavestrongwill.Hardlifemakesthemunderstandthattheirfutureliesintheirownhands.Theyaregratefultowhatevergiventothembytheirparents.Theyseldomcomplainbecausetheyknowcomplaintscanonlyresultindisappointment.Therefore,mostofthemaredeterminedtochangetheirpresentsituationthroughhardwork.第33讲│美文欣赏\nWiththefastdevelopmentofChina'seconomy,people'slivingstandardsaregreatlyimproved.However,Istronglyrecommendthatparentsshouldcreatechancesforchildrentoexperiencehardlife,thuslettingthemrealizetheimportanceofvaluingthepresentlifeandmakegooduseofeveryminutetobepreparedforthefuture.第33讲│美文欣赏\n【全品点睛】①行文逻辑：提出观点→解释原因→给出建议。较好地使用了连接词语，如：therefore，however，thus等。②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：leadto,firmly,andsoon，liein，resultin，makegooduseof等。③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：主语从句和表语从句：whatworriesthemisthattoocosyconditionsmightleadto…；宾语从句：…thathardlifeisgoodforchildren/whatevergiventothembytheirparents；原因状语从句：becausetheyknowcomplaintscanonlyresultindisappointment；宾语从句和虚拟语气：Istronglyrecommendthatparentsshouldcreatechances…第33讲│美文欣赏\n基础梳理Ⅰ.单词荟萃1．______adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴→_________adv.年度地；每年地2．______________n．住所；住宿→______________v．能容纳；能供留宿3．_______prep.在……对面adj.相对的；相反的→________n．反对，敌对；抵抗→_________adv.相反地4．_____n．深(度)；深处→_____adj.深的→______adv.深深地；强烈地；非常地第33讲│基础梳理annualannuallyaccommodationaccommodateoppositeoppositionoppositelydepthdeepdeeply\n5．____vt.催促；极力主张→_______n．紧急；迫切→______adj.急迫的，迫切的，紧急的6．________vt.抛弃，遗弃→__________adj.放纵的；堕落的；被遗弃的→____________n．放弃7．___________n．关系；血缘关系；交往→_______adj.比较上的；相对的8．______v．思考；映射；反射→________n．反射；回响→________adj.反射的；反省的第33讲│基础梳理urgeurgencyurgentabandonabandonedabandonmentrelationshiprelativereflectreflectionreflective\nⅡ.短语检测1．亲眼所见……2．整理；分类3．松开……4．与此同时，在此期间5．被……遗弃6．上下翻转过来7．认真思考某事，沉思某事8．倒挂着第33讲│基础梳理witness…withone'sowneyessortoutlet…gointhemeantimebeabandonedbyupsidedownreflecton/uponsth.hangupsidedown\nⅢ.佳句再现1．Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”______________________(正如那时所称呼他们的一样),helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.(as)2．IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlike_____________________(等待),soeventhoughIdidn'thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.(keep)3．Aswedrewcloser,Icouldseeawhale______________(受到攻击)byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.(attack)第33讲│基础梳理astheywerethencalledbeingkeptwaitingbeingattacked\n4．…alargewise－lookingturtlewaspassingsoclosetomethatI____________________(本来能触及到它)．(touch)5．____________________(因为受了重伤),thewhalesoondied.(wound)6．I'msittinginthewarmnightair__________________________(手持一杯冷饮)andreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic！(with)7．Thefirstthing_________________(我意识到的)wasallthevividcolourssurroundingme—purples，reds，oranges，yellows，bluesandgreens.(aware)8．Theseawasroughthatdayanditwas_________________(难以操纵)theboat.(handle)第33讲│基础梳理couldhavetoucheditBeingbadlywoundedwithacolddrinkinmyhandIbecameawareofdifficulttohandle\n1witnessvt.(toseesth.happen)当场见到；目击vi.(toprovideorserveasevidenceof)作证n．(onewhofurnishesevidenceorsth.thatservesasevidence)目击者；证人；证据(1)witness_______对……作不利的证明witness___对……作有利的证明witnesstosth./doingsth.为……作证(2)beawitnessto…是……的目击者bear/givewitnesstosth.作证；证明某事第33讲│单词点睛单词点睛againstfor\n【温馨提示】在短语“witnessto”中，to为介词，其后要跟名词、代词和动名词。如：Whowitnessedtohissigningthedocuments?谁是他签署这些文件的证人？第33讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Hewitnessedto___________(看到)themanenterthebuilding.(2)Policeareappealingtoanydriverwho________________________(可能目睹了)theaccident.(3)Itwasnotonlythetaxidriverbuteverybodyatpresent______________(目睹了)theterriblescene.(4)OverthelastsixyearsI'vehadtimetoreflectontheextraordinaryevents____________________________(我亲眼目睹的)．第33讲│单词点睛havingseenmay/mighthavewitnessedwhowitnessed(that/which)Ihavewitnessed\n2oppositeadj.(asdifferentaspossiblefrom)相对的，对面的；对立的，相反的；对等的，对应的n．(apersonorthingthatisasdifferentaspossiblefromanother)相反的事物，对立的人(或物)；反面prep.与……相对(1)beoppositefrom与……相反；不相容beoppositeto在……对面；与……相反(2)justtheopposite恰恰相反第33讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】opposite用作名词，意为“对立面，对立物，相反的人或事物”，通常与of连用；opposite用作介词，后面可以直接跟名词或代词作宾语；如果用作形容词，后面多跟介词to。如：HeandIaretheoppositeofoneanother.我和他是彼此相反的两个人。Helivesinthehouseoppositetoours.他住在我们对面的那栋房子里。第33讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Jackisconsiderate;hiswifeis______________(恰恰相反)．(2)Westoodthere,admiringthelovelyscene______________(旅馆对面的)．(3)Isaidnothingduringthemeal,_____________________(坐在他对面)．第33讲│单词点睛justtheoppositeoppositethehotelsittingoppositetohim\n3urgevt.(topushforsomething)催促；极力主张；驱策(1)urgesb.todosth.激励某人做某事；怂恿某人做某事urgesb.onsth.＝urgeonsb.sth.力劝某人某事；催促某人某事urgethat/Itisurgedthat…坚决主张……(用should＋动词原形)(2)haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事第33讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】urge后跟从句时，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“(should)＋动词原形”。如：Weurgedthatthebill(should)bepassed.我们强烈要求通过那项议案。第33讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)ThevacationiscomingandI_____________________(很想旅行)．(2)WhenIgraduatedfromuniversity,itwasmygirlfriend___________________(鼓动我)toapplyforajobinthelibrary.(3)Itisurgedbyschoolstudentsthat_______________________________(开放图书馆)duringthevacation.(keep)(4)Thecurrentsituationurgedthatmoreattention__________________(给予)problemslessstudiedbythecitygovernment.(give)第33讲│单词点睛haveanurgetotravelthat/whourgedmethelibrary(should)bekeptopen(should)begivento\n4abandonvt.(togiveuporbringanendtosth.ortoleavecompletelyandforever)遗弃；抛弃；放弃(1)abandononeselfto(＝beaddictedto)沉湎于abandonsmoking戒烟abandonone'spost放弃职位abandonone'shope/plan/idea放弃某人的希望/计划/主意(2)_____abandon放任地；放纵地；纵情地第33讲│单词点睛with\n【温馨提示】(1)abandononeselfto常用于正式文体中，意思是“陷于某种情感或状态中”，介词to之后一般接表示某种感情或欲望的词作宾语。如：Afterhermotherdied,sheabandonedherselftogrief.母亲死后，她沉浸于悲痛之中。(2)abandoned可用作形容词，意思是“被遗弃的”、“纵情的，恣意的”，在句中常用作定语。如：Thepolicefoundtheabandonedcar.警察找到了那辆被丢弃的汽车。第33讲│单词点睛\n【易混辨析】abandon,desert与quit(1)abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”，尤其指遗弃以前负有责任的人或物。如：Sheabandonedherchild.她抛弃了自己的孩子。(2)desert强调“违背允诺、誓言或责任”，尤其指“背叛、擅离职守”。如：Thesoldierdesertedhiscountryandhelpedtheenemy.那个士兵叛国投敌。(3)quit指停止或放弃信仰、行动、工作等。如：quitsmoking停止吸烟；quitthejob辞职。第33讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Findinghimselfunderfirefromallquarters,hehadnoalternativebut_________________________(放弃他的计划)forthetimebeing.(abandon)(2)__________________(放弃了)acareerinlaw,SchleideneventuallybecameprofessorofbotanyattheUniversityofJenain1839.(abandon)(3)Thechild______________(被抛弃)byhisparents.Eventuallythe___________(被抛弃的)boywasfoundwanderinginthestreet,_____________________(沉湎于)despair.第33讲│单词点睛toabandonhisscheme/planHavingabandonedwasabandonedabandonedabandoninghimselfto\n(4)Somepessimisticexpertsseeadayinthenot－too－distantfuturewhenallautoswillbe.A．quitB．abandonedC．scatteredD．cancelled[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：一些悲观主义的专家认为汽车在不太遥远的将来的某一天会被淘汰。abandon意为“放弃，遗弃，丢弃”，符合句意表达。其他：quit放弃；scatter散开；cancel取消(计划等)。第33讲│单词点睛\n5reflectvi.&vt.(tothrowbacklight,heat,soundoranimage)映射；反射；思考reflect________思考，反省reflectin在……中反射出来；在……中反映出来【温馨提示】reflect的基本意思是“反射，照出，映出”，指反射光、热、声音等，也指镜子或水面照的影像。引申可作“反映，表明”、“考虑”、“回忆”讲。如：Taketimetoreflectbeforedoingimportantthings.在做重大事情之前要从容考虑。Wearereflectinghowtofulfillthetask.我们正考虑如何完成这项任务。第33讲│单词点睛on/upon\n【活学活用】(1)________________(当我回想起)myschooldays,Irealizehowmucheasierthingsarefortoday'schildren.(2)Thisistheview___________________________________(报道中所反映出来的)bynewsmediaaround.(3)Thematteron__________________________(我一直在考虑的)isboundtobeaturning-pointformylife.第33讲│单词点睛WhenIreflecton(that/whichis)reflectedinthereportswhichIhavebeenreflecting\n6scarevt.&vi.(tobecomefrightened)恐吓；受惊吓(1)scaringadj.令人害怕的；吓人的(2)scaredadj.受惊吓的；感到害怕的bescared___…害怕……bescaredtodo…不敢做……(be)scaredtodeath吓死了第33讲│单词点睛of\n【情景记忆】第33讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Thethief__________________(吓得要死)whenhearingthegunshot.(2)Whenyougotothebattlefieldforthefirsttime,lookattheenemyasatargetand______________________(你就不会感到害怕)．(3)________________________________(害怕在公开场合露面)becauseofthelargeburnonherface，thelittlegirlpreferredtostayalone.第33讲│单词点睛wasscaredtodeathyouwillnotfeelscaredScaredtoappearinpublic(places)\n1helpout帮助……解决困难；帮助……渡过难关(1)helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事helponeselfto请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事can'thelptodosth.不能帮助去做某事can'thelpbutdosth.只得；不得不(2)withthehelpof在……的帮助下，借助第33讲│短语储存短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)Notuntilthefirefightersarrived_____________________(这个男孩才得救)oftheburningbuilding.(2)IfyouareinChina,youmayfinditisquiteusual_________________(随便吃)thefoodplacedatthecenterofthetable.(3)Yesterdaytwoarmedmenranintoabankinthecity,________________________________(随手拿了一袋钱)andthendisappearedinthecrowd.(4)I__________________(忍不住想)whatIwouldifIwerelyingwhereMeganisnow.第33讲│短语储存wastheboyhelpedouttohelpyourselftohelpedthemselvestoabagofmoneycan'thelpthinking\n(5)Ididn'treallyworkhere;Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.A．justhelpoutB．havejusthelpedoutC．amjusthelpingoutD．willjusthelpout[解析]C考查动词时态。helpout意思是“帮助完成工作”，表示现阶段持续性的动作。句意：我的确不在这儿工作了，新秘书来之前，我只是暂时在这儿帮助完成工作。故答案为C。第33讲│短语储存\n2be/becomeawareofsth.意识到某事raiseawarenessof提高……的意识beawarethatclause知道……；意识到……makesb.awarethatclause/of…让某人注意到……【易混辨析】aware与conscious二者都可表示“意识到的”，都可用于beaware/consciousof结构。但aware指感官上的知觉，而conscious指内心所意识到的感觉。如：I'mawarethatsheisdishonest.我知道她不诚实。Heishurtbutstillconscious.他受了伤，不过神志还清醒。第33讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)Itishightimethatwe_____________________(意识到)theimportanceofself－protection.(aware)(2)WhenI'mmakingremarks,theremustbesomeerrors____________________________(我没有意识到的).Ihopethatyoucanpointthemoutforme.(aware)(3)___________________________________(很多人没有意识到的)ofisthatprovidingthebesteducationisveryimportantfortheirchildren'sfuture.(what)(4)Onemay_____________(意识到)fear,butnotaltogether___________(意识到)thedangerwhichisgoingonaboutone.第33讲│短语储存shouldbe/wereawareof(which/that)I'mnotawareofWhatmanypeoplehaven'tbeenawarebeconsciousof(be)awareof\n1Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or“killers”astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。句型公式Itwasatimewhen…曾经一度(那时)第33讲│句型透视句型透视\n【句式点拨】Itwasatimewhen…是一个常用句型，意为“曾经，一度(那时)”。其一般现在时结构为：Itisatimewhen…意为“现在，如今”。Itwasatimewhenmotorcarswererare.那时汽车是很罕见的。Itwasatimewhenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。第33讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Itwasatime____________________________(没人能理解)myplanandambition.(2)________________(现在)peopleinthecommunitywouldliketohelpeachotherandliveharmoniously.(time)第33讲│句型透视whennoonecouldunderstandItisatimewhen\n2IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom.我们花了半个多小时才使船回到詹姆斯身边，当我们靠近他时，我发现他在水里正被老汤姆牢牢地举起。句型公式Ittakessb.…todosth.做某事需要花费某人(的时间、精力等)第33讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句是个复合句，and连接了两个并列的句子；第一个句子it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语togettheboatbacktoJames；在第二个句子中含有when引导的时间状语从句。其中，Ittakes(sb.)sometime/sth.todosth.是固定句式，take意为“花费，需要”，take前也可用具体名词作主语。beingfirmlyheldupinthewaterbyOldTom在句中作James的补足语，是seesb.beingdone结构。IttakesTomthreehourstodohishomeworkeveryday.汤姆每天要用3个小时的时间做作业。第33讲│句型透视\nItwilltakethescientistsaboutoneyeartocompletetheproject.科学家们将要花费约一年的时间完成这个项目。【相关拓展】(1)Itcostssb.somemoneytodosth.做某事需花费某人多少钱(2)sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事(3)sth.costssb.somemoney某物花费了某人多少钱(4)sb.payssomemoneyforsth.某人为某物付多少钱第33讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)__________(我花了)onethousanddollarstobuythepaintinglastweek.(2)Itrequirespracticetounderstandhowtousemoneywiselyand____________(所付出的代价)toearnit.(take)(3)Somepassengerscomplainthatitusuallysolongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.A．costsB．TakesC．spendsD．spares[解析]B考查固定句型。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花费某人时间做某事。句意：有些乘客抱怨说通常要花费很长时间来填写旅游保险单。第33讲│句型透视Itcostmewhatittakes\n3Thenthereweretwogreyreefsharks,eachaboutoneandahalfmetreslong,whichsuddenlyappearedfrombehindsomecoral.然后还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有1.5米长，它们突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。句型公式frombehind等双重介词结构第33讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】句中eachaboutoneandahalfmetreslong实际上是独立主格结构，在此处作状语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰reefsharks。frombehind是双重介词结构。双重介词结构是由两个介词搭配而成，如：fromunderthebed,untilafterlunch等。双重介词结构通常有下面三种构成方式：第33讲│句型透视\n(1)from＋介词短语。Themoonappearedfrombehindtheclouds.月亮从云层后面露了出来。(2)except＋介词短语。except后常接介词at,by,from,in,on,to等引出的短语。Isearchedeverywhereexceptinthebedroom.除了卧室我到处都找了。(3)till/until＋介词短语。till/until后常接介词after引出的短语。Notuntilafterlunchcanyouseehimreturnhome.只有在午饭后你才能看到他回家。第33讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Thegreasemonkeywasalldirtywhenhecameout__________________(从汽车底下)．(2)Youcanaskforleaveatanytime__________________(除了星期一外)．第33讲│句型透视fromunderthecarexceptonMonday\n4I'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!我坐在温暖的夜风中，手持一杯冷饮回忆着这一天——这奇妙至极的一天！句型公式with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构第33讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】withacolddrinkinmyhand是一个“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，其基本句式为“with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词/非谓语动词”。此结构在句中作状语，表时间、原因、方式、伴随等，也可以作定语。Helikestosleepwiththewindowsopen.(形容词作宾补)他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。Withhersonawayfromhome，shewasworried.(副词短语作宾补)由于她的儿子离家出走，所以她很担心。Shecameinwithababyinherarms.(介词短语作宾补)她抱着孩子进来了。第33讲│句型透视\nWiththeproblemsettled，wewentonsmoothly.(过去分词作宾补)由于问题得到解决，我们进展顺利。Withalocalguideleadingtheway，wegotthereeasily.(现在分词短语作宾补)由于当地向导带路，我们很容易到了那儿。Withherhusbandtohelpher，sheworkeditout.(不定式作宾补)由于她丈夫帮助她，她解决了这个问题。第33讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)With________________________________(一场致命的台风爆发),morethan600peoplewerelistedaseitherdeadormissingonAugustthe21st,2009inTaiwan.(2)Onherbirthdayshereceivedaboxofchocolateswithacard____________(附在上面),saying“Happybirthday！”第33讲│句型透视adeadly/fataltyphoonbreakingoutattachedtoit\n(3)Nowthatwe'vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions？A．takingB．takeC．takenD．totake[解析]C考查“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的用法。句意：既然我们已经讨论了问题，人们对做出的决定会满意吗？take与thedecisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动关系。第33讲│句型透视\n第33讲│跟踪训练跟踪训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Heentertainedtheyoungmenwithqueerlittle_________(轶事)storiesontheirshootingpartiesorintheirsmoking－room.2．MostoftheviolentoutburstsIhave__________(目睹)inolderchildrenoradultslookliketantrums.3．Thevillagersareveryfriendlyandhospitableandtheyofferfree______________(住宿)totourists.anecdotewitnessedaccommodation\n4．Iaskedtheman_________(对面的)ifhewouldopenthedoor.5．Theymarkedthe___________(分界线)ofthefootballfieldsseveraldaysbeforethegame.第33讲│跟踪训练oppositeboundaries\nⅡ.选词填空awareof,inbetween,upsidedown,sortout,inthemeantime1.Shetoldmeto________thepapersthatcouldbethrownaway.2．Ilikeskiingand______________，Iknowitisverydangerous.3．Whenshecamebackhome,shefoundherhousehadbeenturned___________bytheburglars.4．It'stimesomeonemadehim________theeffectsofhisactions.5．Wehavetwolessonsthismorning，butthere'ssomefreetime__________.第33讲│跟踪训练sortoutinthemeantimeupsidedownawareofinbetween\nⅢ.单项填空1．Myfrienddoesonethingonedayandjustthe________thenext.Hisbehaviourisinconsistent.A．otherB．alternativeC．negativeD．opposite[解析]D考查形容词辨析。句意：我有个朋友做起事来，今天这样，明天那样，其行为前后不一致。opposite意为“相反的”；other前加the表示“另一个”；alternative意为“供选择的”；negative意为“否定的”。第33讲│跟踪训练\n2．Theworkersofthetextilemillthatthetradeunionleadersbeelectedfromtheworkshops.A．urgedB．relatedC．combinedD．adapted[解析]A考查动词辨析。句意：纺织厂的工人们要求工会领导要从车间选出。urge意为“要求”，符合句意表达。其他：relate与……相关；combine结合；adapt使适应。在这四个选项中，只有urge后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词能用动词原形来表示虚拟语气。第33讲│跟踪训练\n3．Susan'sstrongloveforhercountryisinherrecentlypublishedpoems.A．relievedB．reflectedC．respondedD．recovered[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：苏珊对国家的热爱在她最近出版的诗歌中反映了出来。感情应该通过诗歌来反映，所以选reflect(反映)。relieve减轻；respond应答；recover恢复。第33讲│跟踪训练\n4．IwasverywhenIfoundthatthebrakedidn'tworkonmywaytothepark.A．doubtfulB．sensitiveC．scaredD．sympathetic[解析]C考查形容词辨析。句意：在我去公园的路上，当发现车子刹车不灵时，我非常害怕。scared意为“恐惧的，害怕的”，符合句意表达。其他：doubtful怀疑的；sensitive敏感的；sympathetic同情的。第33讲│跟踪训练\n5．Shesawanadvertisementforvolunteersatherlocalgymandassheisinterestedinthewholeareaofdietandexercise,shethoughtshewould.A．helpoutB．hangoutC．tryoutD．handout[解析]A考查动词短语辨析。语境表达“她想成为志愿者去帮忙……”，故选择A项。helpout此处相当于不及物动词，意为“帮助”。第33讲│跟踪训练\n6．Psychologistsarealsothatbothlanguageandlearningareinsomesensesocialphenomena.A．awareB．accusedC．tiredD．ashamed[解析]A考查形容词辨析。beawarethat“意识到……”。句意：心理学家也意识到，语言和学习在某种意义上说都是社会现象。第33讲│跟踪训练\n7．Setyourselfthatyoucanreasonablyhopetoachievewhichshouldbenottoohighnortoolow.A．purposeB．causeC．reasonD．target[解析]D考查名词辨析。句意：给自己制定一个合理的有望实现的目标，既不能过高，又不能过低。target“目标”。purpose“目的”；cause“起因；事业”；reason“原因”。第33讲│跟踪训练\n8．Beforethestorm，fishesinthepondusually_________themselvesoutofthewatertogetfreshair.A．throwB．runC．swimD．escape[解析]A考查动词辨析。句意：暴风雨来临之前，池塘里的鱼儿通常要跃出水面呼吸新鲜空气。throwthemselvesoutofthewater在此意为“跃出水面”。第33讲│跟踪训练\n9．Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhothecaraccidentthathappenedinfrontofourschoolthismorning?A．witnessedB．observedC．introducedD．predicted[解析]A考查动词辨析。witness意为“目击，当场见到”。句意：你们班有人目击了今早发生在我们校门口的车祸吗？observe观察；introduce介绍；predict预言，预告。第33讲│跟踪训练\n10．Wehadn'tplannedtomeetatthatparty.Infact，wemettherebychance.A．trueB．realC．sureD．pure[解析]D考查形容词辨析。pure意为“完全的，纯粹的”，bypurechance常用作习惯搭配，意为“纯属偶然”。句意：我们并没有计划在聚会上碰面，事实上，我们在那里碰面纯属偶然。true真实的；real真的；sure肯定的。第33讲│跟踪训练\n第34讲Unit4Sharing第34讲Unit4Sharing\n第34讲│美文欣赏美文欣赏假如你是红星中学高三(一)班的学生李华，为校刊英语园地写一篇题为“AVolunteerDay”的英文稿件。请根据以下四幅图所提供的情景，叙述去年12月5日(theInternationalVolunteerDay)你班志愿者日活动的完整过程。词数：120左右。提示词语：patrolvt.巡视trimvt.修整\n第34讲│美文欣赏\n【精彩美文】AVolunteerDayLastDecember5thourclassorganizedanactivitytocelebratetheInternationalVolunteerDay.Wedecidedtospendthedaydoingsomethingforourschoolinsteadofhavingclasses.Atthebeginningofthefirstclassinthemorning,wegatheredinourclassroomandourmonitortolduswhatwewoulddo.Assoonasweweredividedintofourgroupswebegantoworkseparately.IwasinGroup1.MyclassmatesandIwereresponsibleforthesecurityoftheschool.Wepatrolledthecampuswiththeguardtomakesureeveryonewassafeatschool.第34讲│美文欣赏\nThestudentsofGroup2wenttothegardentotakecareoftheplants.Somewerewateringtheflowersandtreeswhiletheothersweretrimmingthebush.Thethirdgrouphelpedthecookprepareforthedishes.Theywashedthevegetablesandcutthemintosmallpieces.Group4workedinthelabwheretheycleanedthetesttubesandputthemingoodorder.Havinggottheworkdone,weallfeltasenseofachievement.Attheendofthelastafternoonclasswegottogetheragaininourclassroomandelectedthetoptenvolunteersfortheday.WhatavaluableexperienceIhadinthehighschool!I'llrememberitforever.第34讲│美文欣赏\n【全品点睛】①行文逻辑：描述图画内容→发表感想。②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：organize，insteadofdoing,separately,beresponsiblefor，some…others…，cut…into，ingoodorder，gettogether等。③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：宾语从句：…whatwewoulddo；时间状语从句：Assoonasweweredividedintofourgroups；现在分词短语作时间状语：Havinggottheworkdone；感叹句：WhatavaluableexperienceIhadinthehighschool！第34讲│美文欣赏\n基础梳理Ⅰ.单词荟萃1．_____vt.&vi.调整；(使)适合→__________adj.可调整的；可调节的→__________n．调整2．_______adj.有关的；切题的→_________n．有关；切题→_________adv.有关地；切题地→_________adj.无关的；不切题的3．_________vi.参与；参加→____________n．参加；参与4．_________vt.分配；分发→___________n．分配；分发；分布状态第34讲│基础梳理adjustadjustableadjustmentrelevantrelevancerelevantlyirrelevantparticipateparticipationdistributedistribution\n5．_______vt.&vi.操作；工作；运转；做手术→_________n．操作；运转；手术6．______vt.捐赠，赠送→________n．捐赠，赠送7．_______adj.政治的；政党的→_______n．政治→_______n．政治家8．_______n．安全；保护；保障→______adj.安全的第34讲│基础梳理operateoperationdonatedonationpoliticalpoliticspoliticiansecuritysecure\nⅡ.短语检测1．迫切希望做某事2．不久前的某一天3．与……有关4．有影响，很重要5．伸出，醒目，坚持到底6．适应，调整7．参加8．使变干第34讲│基础梳理bedyingtodosth.theotherdayberelevanttomakeadifferencestickoutadjusttoparticipateindryout\nⅢ.佳句再现1．TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,______________(我还没来得及察觉)，themixturewasbubblingovereverywhere！(know)2．SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,_____________(他们大多数)willbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.(most)3．WhenIreachtheschoolgroundstherearelotsof“goodmornings”formefromtheboys.Manyof________________________________________(他们已经走了很长的路),sometimesuptotwohours,togettoschool.(walk)第34讲│基础梳理beforeIknewitmostofwhomthemhavewalkedalongway\n4．Tombe'sfather,Mukap,ledustohishouse,alowbamboohutwithgrass_____________________(从屋顶长出)—thisshowsitisaman'shouse.(stick)5．Whenwearrivedatthevillage,Tombe'smother,Kiak,who_____________________(一直在拔草)inhergarden,startedcrying“ieeeieee”．(pull)6．Therewerenowindowsandthedoorwaywasjustbigenough_____________(通过)．(get)7．Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridge_______________________________(从那儿我们欣赏到了奇妙的风景)andthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.(where)第34讲│基础梳理stickingoutoftheroofhadbeenpullingweedstogetthroughfromwherewehadfantasticviews\n8．_________(烧热之后),heplacedtheminanemptyoildrumwithkaukau(sweetpotato)，cornandgreens.(when)9．Ilovedlisteningtothefamilysoftly___________________(相互交谈)intheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipateintheconversation.(talk)10．Later,Inoticedatincan___________________(倒立)onthegrilloverthefire.(stand)第34讲│基础梳理Whenhottalkingtoeachotherstandingupsidedown\n第34讲│单词点睛单词点睛1relevantadj.(directlyconnectedwithandimportanttowhatisbeingdiscussed)有关的；切题的(1)berelevantto…＝havesth.todowith与……有关(2)beirrelevantto…与……不相关totally/completely/largelyirrelevant完全/绝对/基本上无关紧要(3)havenorelevanceto与……无关\n【温馨提示】relevant与related(1)relevant意为“有关的，切题的”，往往表示与手头的事情或目前的状况有直接关系，尤指在逻辑上有关系的，常用berelevantto…(与……有关的)结构。如：Thesematerialsarerelevanttothecase.这些材料与这一案件有关。(2)related意为“叙述的，讲述的，有关系的”，主要指有亲缘关系的或属于同一种类的“相互关联”，常用berelatedto…(与……有关的)结构。如：Theseconddifferenceisrelatedtothefirst.第二个区别是与第一个相关的。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Intheexams,makesurethateverythingyouwrite__________(与……切题)thequestionsyouhavebeenasked.(2)Thescientistcorrespondswithcolleaguesinordertolearnaboutmatters______________________________________(与她自己的研究有关的)．(relevant)第34讲│单词点睛isrelevantto(which/thatare)relevanttoherownresearch\n(3)Yournationalityisnotwhenchoosingacareer,butyourabilitytospeakthelanguageis.A．relatedB．responsibleC．relevantD．practical[解析]C考查形容词辨析。句意：选择职业并不关系你的国籍，却关系你的语言能力。relevant意为“有关主题的，切题的，有关系的”；related意为“有关联的，亲戚的，同种的”；responsible意为“负责的”；practical意为“实际的”。由句意可知C项正确。第34讲│单词点睛\n2adjustvt.&vi.(tochangesoastomakerightorsuitable)调整；使适合(1)adjust…to…根据……调整adjustsb./oneselfto…使某人/自己习惯于……；适应……adjustto(doing)sth.适应/习惯(做)某事(2)makesomeadjustments做些调整第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Couldyoupleasetellusthequantityyourequire________________________________(以便我们调整价格)accordingly.(2)Mr.Brownhassomedifficultyin_________________________(适应新的气候)．(3)OnlyafterIputinnewbatteries_____________________(我才校对了钟表)．(4)Youcan'tseethroughthetelescope___________________________(直到调整好)toyoureyes.(until)第34讲│单词点睛sothatwemay/canadjustourpriceadjustingtothenewclimatedidIadjusttheclockuntilithasbeenadjusted\n3participatevi.(totakepartinsomethingorshareinsomething)参与；参加；分享participatein…参加，参与participatewith…(与他人)共同参加participateinadiscussion参加讨论participateinprofits分享利润participateinsb.‘ssufferings分担某人的痛苦；与某人共患难第34讲│单词点睛\n【易混辨析】participatein,attend,join,takepartin与joinin(1)participatein正式用语，表示“参加，参与”。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加。(2)attend正式用语，一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等；也可以指上学、听课、听演讲或讲座等。(3)join常用词，作及物动词，通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是thearmy/party/team/club或sb.等。第34讲│单词点睛\n(4)takepartin指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如take(anactive)partinschool/activities。(5)joinin参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可以用于joinin(doing)sth./joinsb.In(doing)sth.结构中。可以概括为：加入组织join选，出席到场attend用；参加活动起作用，takepartin来闹场；和人一起来活动，joinsb.in来凑份；提起participate，和in作伴齐参加。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Yesterdaytherewasasportsmeetinourschoolwithhundredsofstudents___________(参加)．(2)Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatnever___________________(中国参加)inanynucleararmsraceandneverdeployednuclearweaponsabroad.第34讲│单词点睛participatinghasChinaparticipated\n(3)用join,joinin,takepartin,attend和participatein的适当形式填空。①Theyall______________theplot.②Attheageofeight,he_______agroupofchilddancers.③Thechildren_________theEnglishEveningandhadagoodtime.④Hedidn't_______schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.⑤ZhouEnlai____________thestudentmovementsactivelywhenhewasatschool.第34讲│单词点睛participatedinjoinedjoinedinattendtookpartin\n4donatevt.(tomakeacontributiontoafundorcause)捐赠(1)donatesth.tosb.向某人捐赠某物donatesth.todosth.为做某事而捐赠某物(2)make/give/presentadonationtosb.捐赠给某人sendadonationto把捐款寄至……第34讲│单词点睛\n【易混辨析】contribute与donatecontribute和donate虽然都可以解释为“捐献”，但contribute本质上却是“提供，贡献”的意思；而donate只能用在义务捐献上，比如献血、捐衣服、捐献自己的器官等等。【易错警示】donate常与介词to搭配，位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略。类似用法的词语还有：introducesb.tosb.；explainsth.tosb.等。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Asayoungstudent,herecognizedthat______________(献血)requiredverylittleworkandvirtuallynopainwhilehelpingtosavealife.(2)Thedeed________________________(她两次捐款)totheHopeProjectinspiresallthepeopleinherneighbourhood.第34讲│单词点睛donatingbloodthatshehasdonatedtwice\n(3)用contribute与donate的适当形式填空①He___________________2,000yuantothegreenProjectHopeactivitytoprotectmotherriver.②Inhiswill,hevolunteeredto_______hisbodytomedicine.③Everyonewasaskedto__________suggestionsfortheproject.④Imadea_____________________of$100totheFamineReliefFund.第34讲│单词点睛donated/contributeddonatecontributecontribution/donation\n5purchasevt.&n．买；购买(1)purchaseby通过……换取purchase____售价……purchase____用……购买(2)agoodpurchase/bargain便宜货madeapurchase买件东西purchaseandsale买卖第34讲│单词点睛forwith\n【温馨提示】purchase作名词“购买”、“购置”解时是不可数名词，作“买到的东西”解时，是可数名词。如：Thathatwasagoodpurchase.那顶帽子买得好。Hegiveshissonsomemoneyforthepurchaseofhisschoolbooks.他给儿子一些钱买教科书。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)The______________(进价)willbetakenintoaccountincomputinghisprofits.(2)Eventhoughitcostsalotofmoney,theyhavenochoicebut______________(买下它)．(3)Heglimpsedatmynewwatchandsaiditwas_______________________(买得很合算)．(4)Taobao.comisafreesite,______________________(在那里你可以购买)almostallkindsofproducts.(purchase)(5)Mothermadeapromisethat_____________________(她给我买)anEnglish－Chinesedictionaryasagiftformybirthday.(purchase)第34讲│单词点睛purchasepricetopurchaseitagoodbargain/purchasewhereyoucanpurchaseshewouldpurchaseme\n6distributevt.&vi.(toputpartsofasetofthingsindifferentplaces;togiveorsendout)分配；散布(1)distributesth.to/amongsth./sb.把某物分[配，发]给……(2)haveawidedistribution分布广泛anunfairdistribution分配不公thedistributionofthemagazine这份杂志的发行量【易混辨析】assign，distribute与divide第34讲│单词点睛\n(1)assign指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。如：Theyhaveassignedmeasmallroom.他们已给我分配了一个小房间。(2)distribute通常指以整体或定量分为若干份来分配。如：Duringthewar，allfoodsweredistributedinaplannedway.在战争中，所有的食品都按计划分配。(3)divide是普通用词，侧重将某物分成若干份分配给他人，当某物一分为二时，含平均分配之意。如：Thisclassistoolarge,weshallhavetodivideit.这个班太大了，我们得把它分一分。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Theteachersaswellastheheadmasterinthekindergarten______________(在派发)thesmallgiftstothechildren.(2)_________________________________________________________(如何分配这项工作)stillneedsfurtherdiscussion.第34讲│单词点睛aredistributingHowthisworkwillbedistributed/Howtodistributethiswork\n(3)AccordingtoNobel'sfamouswill,theinterestonhisfundwillbetofivepeoplewhohavemadegreatcontributionstomankindduringthepreviousyear.A．contributedB．devotedC．distributedD．donated[解析]C考查动词辨析。句意：根据诺贝尔的著名遗嘱，他的基金的利息将分发给上一年为人类做出重大贡献的五个人。distribute的意思是“将分发，分配，分送”；contributeto的意思是“捐献，贡献”；devoteto的意思是“将……奉献给”；donateto的意思是“捐赠”。根据题意可知C项最佳。第34讲│单词点睛\n7operatev．(towork;tobeinaction;tocutopenthebodyinordertoremoveadiseasedpart)操作，运转，开动，起作用；动手术(1)operate___sb.给某人做手术(2)___operation工作中；使用中；有效performanoperation做手术putsth.intooperation实施；使……运转come_____operation开始工作；开始生效(3)operatingsystem(计算机)操作系统operatingtable手术台第34讲│单词点睛onininto\n【情景记忆】第34讲│单词点睛\n【易错警示】operate作“开刀，动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，后边如果跟宾语，应用介词on；当表示“操作，使运行；经营；管理”时是及物动词。第34讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)指出operate在句中的含义Hisfatheris①operatingabigcompany，which②operatesinseveralcities，makinghighprofits.Inreturnforsociety，hedonatedmuchmoneytoapatientinneed，whowas③operatedonlastyear.①经营　②运营　③动手术(2)Themotherratherthanthetwins____________________(在动手术)byDoctorThomasnow.(3)Thepatientwouldn'thavediedlastnightifshe___________________________(手术及时)．第34讲│单词点睛isbeingoperatedonhadbeenoperatedonintime\n1bedyingtodosth.极想做某事bedyingforsth.极想得到某物beeagertodo/forsth.渴望……；想要……beanxioustodo/forsth.渴望……；想要……bethirstytodo/forsth.渴望……；想要……bekeentodosth.渴望……；想要……longforsth./todosth.渴望……；想要……第34讲│短语储存短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)Afteralongdryseasonthetrees_________________________(迫切需要水分)．(2)Nowadaystherearemoreandmorestudents_____________________________(迫切希望出国留学)．第34讲│短语储存aredying/thirstyforwater(whoare)dyingtostudyabroad\n2hearfrom收到……的来信；接到……的电话hearabout/of听说hearsb.dosth.听见某人做了某事hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事第34讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)ItisthesecondtimethatI____________________(收到她的信)．(hear)(2)Not______________________________(收到女儿的来信)formonths,themotherbecameveryworried.(hear)第34讲│短语储存haveheardfromherhavingheardfromherdaughter\n3inneed在困难中；在危急中inuse被使用；在使用中instore储存着，备用；必将到来，快要发生inreturn作为回报inturn依次；反过来invain无结果，徒然inreality事实上，实际上indanger处于危险之中(的)inhand在手里(边)；在进行中(的)第34讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】选择“in＋名词”构成的短语填空(1)Thousandsofpeopledonatedmoneyandfoodtothose_______.(2)OurOctoberoverviewshowsyouwhat's_______innextmonth'smagazine.(3)Shealwaysworkedextrahourstomakeupmissedlessonsforthestudents,butneveraskedforsomething_________.(4)Itwasaheavyplayandtheactorstried_______togivelifetoit.第34讲│短语储存inneedinstoreinreturninvain\n1SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillagesafterYear8anyway.有时候，我想知道，化学对这些学生究竟有多大用处，他们中的大多数在学完八年级以后将回到他们的村子。句型公式“复杂介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句第34讲│句型透视句型透视\n【句式点拨】这是一个复合句，how引导宾语从句作wonder的宾语。mostofwhom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰thesestudents。由名词/代词/数词＋of＋whom/which引导定语从句，先行词若是人，就用whom；若是物，则用which。Thisisourclassroom,inthefrontofwhichthereisateacher'sdesk.这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。(注意搭配inthefrontofourclassroom)第34讲│句型透视\nOntheblackboardtheteacherwroteasentence,themeaningofwhichIdon'tunderstand.老师在黑板上写了一个句子，句子的意思我不明白。(注意搭配themeaningofthesentence)IhavefiveEnglishdictionaries,ofwhichLongmanDictionaryisthebest.我有5本英语词典，其中最好的是朗文词典。(注意搭配offivedictionaries)Thebuses,mostofwhichwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.多数公共汽车已经上满了人，周围是一群愤怒的人。(注意搭配mostofthebuses)第34讲│句型透视\nImetthefruit－pickers,severalofwhomwereuniversitystudents.我碰到那些摘水果的人，其中有好几个是大学生。(注意搭配severalofthefruit－pickers)Hersons,bothofwhomworkabroad,rangherupthismorning.她的两个儿子都在国外工作，今天早上给她打来了电话。(注意搭配bothofhersons)第34讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______________________(产品销往国外)．(2)Thevillages,__________________(村子里的所有房屋)hadbeendamagedbythefire,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.第34讲│句型透视ofwhicharesoldabroadallofwhosehouses\n(3)Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof_______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A．whomB．whichC．themD．those[解析]A考查定语从句的引导词。由many之前的逗号和选项特征，此处是主从句关系，排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000people”，表示人，故用whom。句意：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。第34讲│句型透视\n2TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboystheweeklychemistryexperimentwhen,beforeIknewit，themixturewasbubblingoverevery－where!有一天，我正在给男生做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没来得及察觉，混合剂便开始冒泡，溢得四处都是。句型公式before的多种语义第34讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】before的用法和译法很多也很灵活，请注意before引导时间状语从句时对它的不同理解。(1)表示“在……之前就”。Maryhadfinishedherhomeworkbeforehermotherreturned.在她妈妈回来之前玛丽就已经完成了作业。第34讲│句型透视\n(2)表示“过了多久后才；动作进行到什么程度才”。Themanalmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.那个男人差点把我撞倒才看见我。Theyworkeddayandnightaboutthreedaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.他们日夜工作了大约三天，一切才恢复正常。(3)表示“刚一……就”。Ihadhardlysatdownbeforethebellrang.我刚坐下铃就响了。Wehadn'trunamilebeforewefelttired.我们刚跑了一英里的路就觉得累了。第34讲│句型透视\n(4)表示“还没来得及……就；不知不觉就”。(结构：beforesb.could)BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.我还没来得及插话，他就已经给我量好了尺寸。SheleftthecompanybeforeIcouldsayawordwithher.我还没来得及和她打声招呼，她就已经离开了公司。(5)表示“趁还没……赶紧做”。(结构：beforesb.＋一般现在时)Beforeyouforgetit,writeitdown.趁你还没忘记赶快把它记下。Doitnowbeforeyouforget.现在就做，免得忘了。第34讲│句型透视\n(6)用于句型“Itwas＋时间段＋before…”，表示“过了多久才……”。Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback.三天后他才回来。(7)用于句型“Itwasnotlongbefore…”，意为“不久就……”。Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意识到了处境的危险。(8)用于句型“Itwillbe(not)＋时间段＋before…”，表示“要过多久/不久才……”。Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromthisschool.半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。第34讲│句型透视\n【相关拓展】句型公式一Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句Itis/hasbeenalongtimesinceImetyoulast.很久没有见到你了。第34讲│句型透视\n句型公式二Itwas＋时间点＋when从句Itwas11p．m.whenhecamebacklastnight.昨晚他回来时已是晚上十一点钟了。句型公式三Itis/was＋介词＋时间点＋that强调句型Itwasat11p．m.thathecamebacklastnight.他昨天晚上是十一点钟回来的。(强调时间状语at11p．m.)第34讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths_____________________(他才能够康复)andreturntowork.(recover)(2)______________________(在我做决定之前)Ishouldknowmoreaboutyourcorporation.(decision)(3)—Whydidn'tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?—Herushedoutoftheroom_________________________(我还没来得及说话)．(cut)第34讲│句型透视beforehecouldrecoverBeforeImakeadecisionbeforeIcouldcutin(aword)\n(4)Johnthinksitwon'tbelongheisreadyforhisnewjob.A．whenB．afterC．beforeD．since[解析]C考查状语从句。所填词引导状语从句，构成It(will)be＋时间段＋状语从句，意思是：过多久才将……，根据搭配可知C项正确。第34讲│句型透视\n第34讲│跟踪训练跟踪训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Muchnewknowledgeis_______(遥远的)fromtheimmediateinterestoftheordinaryperson.2．Whatyousaidisnot________(相关的)tothematterinhand.3．In1971,twoyearsbeforemyfatherdied,Ithrewabigpartyformyparents'fiftiethwedding___________(周年纪念)．remoterelevantanniversary\n4．Havinglosthisjob,he'dbeguntointeresthimselfinlocal__________(志愿的)work.5．Itisquitenecessarytoknowtheage___________(分布)inthepopulation.第34讲│跟踪训练voluntarydistribution\nⅡ.选词填空getthrough,stickout,dryout,inneed,adaptto1.Thenewstudentsareveryslowto________therules.2．Theywrotethenoticeinbigredletterssothatitwould________.3．Thecharityaimstoprovideassistancetopeople________.4．ItriedcallingyouseveraltimesbutIcouldn't__________.5．Watertheplantregularly，neverlettingthesoil________.第34讲│跟踪训练adapttostickoutinneedgetthroughdryout\nⅢ.单项填空1．Ifyouwishtojoinourcommitteeandforthebettermentofthewholeschool,pleaseregisterintheAdmissionsOffice.A．offerB．presentC．proposeD．volunteer[解析]D考查动词辨析。句意：如果您愿意加入协会，为改善学校提供自愿服务，请到入学办公室报名。volunteer“自愿；自愿服务”，常和介词for连用。第34讲│跟踪训练\n2．Thelibraryitshourstomeettheneedsofthestudentsduringthefinalexamperiod.A．arrangesB．adaptsC．adjustsD．varies[解析]C考查动词辨析。句意：图书馆在期末考试期间为满足学生的需要调整了开放的时间。arrange表示安排日程；adapt是“适应”的意思；adjust表示“调整”；vary表示“变化”。第34讲│跟踪训练\n3．AspecialfeatureofeducationatMITistheopportunityforstudentsandfacultytotogetherinresearchactivities.A．specializeB．participateC．consistD．involve[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：麻省理工学院教育的一个特点就是给学生和老师共同参与研究工作的机会。specialize与in搭配表示“专攻于某一门学科”；participate与in搭配表示“参与，参加”；consist与of搭配表示“由……组成”；involvesb./sth.in表示“使卷入，使介入”，beinvolvedin表示“包含……”。第34讲│跟踪训练\n4．Alocalwomanhasgivenhernine－monthbabyasecondlifebypartofherliveronSunday.A．distributingB．givingC．supplyingD．donating[解析]D考查动词辨析。句意：星期天，一位当地妇女通过捐赠自己的部分肝脏给了她九个月大的宝宝第二次生命。supply意为“供应(所需要，所要求的)”；distribute意为“分配，散发”；give意为“给予”，为一般词汇，一般接双宾语；donate意为“捐赠”。第34讲│跟踪训练\n5．Thenewcouplespentsomemoneyfortheofthefurniturenecessaryfortheirnewhouse.A．distributionB．manufactureC．donationD．purchase[解析]D考查名词辨析。purchase“购买”。句意：这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必需的家具。distribution“分配，分发”；manufacture“制造”；donation“捐赠”。第34讲│跟踪训练\n6．Somemineralsarequitecommon,othersareregionally，andstillothersarerareontheearth.A．attributedB．distributedC．contributedD．scattered[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：有些矿物十分普通常见，有些矿物的分布具有区域性，还有些矿物在地球上十分罕见。attribute“(与to连用)归因于，被认为是……写的”；distribute“散布，分布，分配”；contribute“捐助，捐献，贡献，投稿”；scatter“散布，散播，使分散”。根据句意应选B。第34讲│跟踪训练\n7．—Don'tyouknowyourcomputerhasbeeninfectedwithviruses?—Really,nowonderithasn'taswellasbefore.A．appearedB．operatedC．managedD．controlled[解析]B考查动词辨析。由答语“难怪电脑运转不如以前那么正常了。”可知答案为B。operate意为“运转”。第34讲│跟踪训练\n8．I'msorryIgotcaughtinthetraffic;，Icouldhavebeenheresooner.A．besidesB．althoughC．anywayD．otherwise[解析]D考查词语辨析。句意：对不起，我塞车了，否则的话我本能够早点到达的。A项“除了……之外，还有”；B项“即使”；C项“无论怎样”；D项“否则；不然；与此相反”。由句意可知D项正确。第34讲│跟踪训练\n9．Noneofthemhaveregularandsourceofincomeandtheyareforcedtolivebelowpovertyline.A．safeB．legalC．secureD．diverse[解析]C考查形容词辨析。句意：他们没有稳定的收入来源，被迫生活在贫困线以下。A项“安全的(指人身安全)”；B项“法律的”；C项“安全的；稳定的”；D项“多种多样的，各种各样的”。由句意可知C项正确。第34讲│跟踪训练\n10．ThisCommunityCentreoffersanemergencyfoodbank,communitysupportservicessuchasrentassistance,schoolsuppliesforchildren.A．indetailB．inturnC．inneedD．instore[解析]C考查介词短语辨析。句意：该社区中心提供应急食品储藏库及社区支援服务，如租房援助、为贫困儿童提供学习用品。第34讲│跟踪训练\n阅读写作(二十)议论文写作之陈述观点型、正反观点型、说明利弊型阅读写作(二十)[议论文写作之陈述观点型、正反观点型、说明利弊型]\n阅读写作(二十)│写作点拨写作点拨议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据和论证是不可缺少的三要素。近年来，高考英语书面表达中对开放性议论文文体的考查有递增趋势。传统的书面表达是一种控制性写作，即通过表格、图画及文字等进行要点提示，并规定作文的人称、时态、文体等；而开放性议论文则给出一定的素材或话题，让考生在此基础上自由发挥，对所给材料进行判断、论述和发表个人观点。这种试题有利于体现学生个性发展和思维的灵活性，符合新课程的理念。\n对于绝大部分开放性议论文，基本上适宜用“三段式”的写法，具体来讲就是：第一段：开头——引论。用以引出一个令人关注的问题(topic)，阐明观点或看法。第二段：主体——本论。全文的主要部分，对提出的问题进行分析、推论(supportingsentences)，运用材料对观点进行论述，使论点得到足够的支持。第三段：结尾——结论。对主体部分内容作出概括，明确论点所要解决、论证的问题。有时则是提出建议或给出解决问题的方法或策略。阅读写作(二十)│写作点拨\n议论文的写作较之于其他题材的文章相对有规律可循。而且文章的开头具有一定的共性，行文中段落的过渡和观点之间的转化也极具相似之处。因此使用规律性的语句不但可以显得条理清楚，而且可以提高文章档次。阅读写作(二十)│写作点拨\n阅读写作(二十)│词句模板词句模板1．议论文常用逻辑联系词语包括：inmyopinion,personally,forthesakeof,clearly,obviously,surely,undoubtedly,hence,moreover,besides,inaddition,what'smore,additionally,furthermore,generallyspeaking,lastbutnotleast(最后的但同样重要的),inshort,allinall,inconclusion,inbrief等。\n2．段首常用语：(1)Wehavehadadiscussionaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.(2)Wehavehadasurveyonwhetherstudentsshouldbeallowedtocarrymobilephonestoschool.(3)Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions/views.(4)Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowards/to…(5)Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.(6)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\n3．段落过渡常用语：(1)Othershavedifferentopinions.(2)Sixtypercentofthestudentsarefortheidea,whilefortypercentofthemthinkotherwise.(3)Sixtypercentofthestudentsthinkitnecessaryto…，butfortypercentofthemdon'tthinkso.(4)However，…ofthemholdadifferentview./…ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.(5)Peoplewhoareagainstitdon'tthinkso.(6)However,everycoinhastwosides.阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\n4．段尾常用语：(1)AsfarasIamconcerned，Iagreewiththelatteropiniontosomeextent.Ithinkthat…(2)Inaword，thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemof…(3)Onlyinthiswaycan…inthefuture.阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\n5．议论文格式模板：模板(1)：观点对比型阅读写作(二十)│词句模板Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat作文题目.Butitiswell-knownthattheopinionconcerningthishottopicvariesfrompersontoperson.Themajorityofpeoplethinkthat观点一.Intheirviewstherearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitudeasfollows:Inthefirstplace,原因一.Furthermore,inthesecondplace,原因二.Soitgoeswithoutsayingthat观点一.Theotherpeople,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheideathat观点二.Intheirpointofview,ontheonehand,原因一.Ontheotherhand,原因二.Therefore,thereisnodoubtthat观点二.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat观点一或二.Itisnotonlybecause，butalsobecause.Themore，themore.\n模板(2)：说明利弊型阅读写作(二十)│词句模板NowadaysmanypeoplepreferAbecauseithasasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.First,A的优点之一.Besides,A的优点之二.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.OneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthatA的第一个缺点.Tomakemattersworse,A的第二个缺点.Throughtheaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoverweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketo我的看法.(FromthecomparisonbetweenthesepositiveandnegativeeffectsofA,weshouldtakeitseriouslyanddoitaccordingtothecircumstanceswearein.Onlybythisway…对前景的预测．)\n模板(3)：观点陈述型阅读写作(二十)│词句模板Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)作文题目.Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoeffortstotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.Asweknowthattherearemanystepswhichcanbetakentoundothisproblem.Firstofall,途径一.Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofsolvingtheproblemis途径二.Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof作文题目，weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,方法×××.\n【活学活用】假设你班最近举行了一次班会，讨论怎样使英语学习变成一件快乐的事。请你根据下表所提示的信息，为某英语网站写一篇短文，谈谈你们的讨论情况并提出你的建议。阅读写作(二十)│词句模板讨论情况1.课内互动(师生或生生互动)；2.课外活动(演讲或晚会等)；3.运用英语(口头或书面交流)；……你的建议(请考生根据自己的经历与感想，提出两至三点建议)\n注意：1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。4．参考词汇：interactiveadj.互动的RecentlywehadadiscussiononhowtomakeEnglishlearningrelaxingandfun.______________________________________________________阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\n【参考范文】Recently,wehadadiscussiononhowtomakeEnglishlearningrelaxingandfun.Moststudentsbelievethattherearemanywaystodoso.Firstofall,wecanhavemoreinteractiveactivitiesinclass,suchasdiscussions,interviews,story-tellingandrole-play.Inthisway,wecanhavemorefunlearningEnglish.Secondly,wecantakepartinmoreout-of-classactivitieslikeEnglishspeechcontestsandEnglishevenings.ThroughtheseactivitieswecanimproveourEnglishskillsinaneasyandrelaxingway.阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\nThirdly,weneedtofindmoreopportunitiestocommunicateinEnglishwithpeople,whethertheyareEnglishteachersorclassmates,foreignersorChinese,becauseusingEnglishisthebestwaytolearn.Theseideassoundreasonableandpractical.Frommyexperience,therearemanyotherinterestingandrelaxingways.Forexample,wecanlistentoEnglishsongsandwatchEnglishmovies.WecanalsowatchEnglishprogramsonTVorjoinEnglishclubsormakeEnglishpen-friendsontheInternet.Allinall,whatweneedismorefreetimeandmorespace.阅读写作(二十)│词句模板\n第35讲Unit5Travellingabroad第35讲Unit5Travellingabroad\n第35讲│美文欣赏美文欣赏[2011·天津卷]假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自美国某中学的学生访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排其在津的一日活动。请根据以下提示，用英语给该团的领队Smith先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动计划并简要说明理由，最后征求对方意见。◇上午与我校学生座谈(话题如校园生活、文化差异等)；◇中午与我校学生共同进餐(午餐包括饺子、面条等)；◇下午与我校学生游览海河。\n注意：1.词数不少于100；2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：海河theHaiheRiverDearMr.Smith，IamLiHua,chairmanoftheStudentUnion,fromChenguangHighSchool.______________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua第35讲│美文欣赏\n【精彩美文】DearMr.Smith，IamLiHua,chairmanoftheStudentUnion,fromChenguangHighSchool.YourgroupwillpayavisittoourschoolonJune26andIwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesonthatday.Myplanabouttheseactivitiesisasfollows.Onthemorningofyourarrival,wewillshowyouaroundourschoolandintroduceourmostadvancedsciencelabtoyou.Thenadiscussionwillbeheld,whichmaycoversuchtopicsasschoollife,culturaldifferencesandsoon,aimingtoimprove第35讲│美文欣赏\nmutualunderstanding.Atnoon,wewillhaveaget-togetherinourschool'sdininghall.Toletyouknowmoreaboutourtraditionalcustomsandculture,wewillpreparedumplingsandnoodlesasmainfood.Intheafternoon,yourgrouptogetherwithsomeofourstudentrepresentativesaregoingtovisittheHaiheRiverandenjoythebeautifulscenerythere.That'stheplanforyourvisit.Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?Canyougivemesomeadviceonhowtomakeyourvisittoourschoolmoreinterestingandimpressive?Ilookforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishestoyou.第35讲│美文欣赏\nYourssincerely,LiHua第35讲│美文欣赏\n【全品点睛】①行文逻辑：简述事件→详细计划及理由→征求建议。②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：payavisitto，takechargeof，asfollows，showyouaround，lookforwardto等。③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：非限制性定语从句：…whichmaycoversuchtopicsasschoollife…；不定式作目的状语：Toletyouknow…第35讲│美文欣赏\n基础梳理Ⅰ.单词荟萃1．___________n．资格；资历→_________adj.有资格的；胜任的→qualifyvt.(使)合格；(使)具有资格2．__________n．准备；预备→_______vt.准备；预备3．___________vt.推荐；建议→_______________n．推荐；建议4．_______vt.&n.舒适；安慰→___________adj.舒适的；安慰的第35讲│基础梳理qualificationqualifiedpreparationpreparerecommendrecommendationcomfortcomfortable\n5．______vt.占用；占领；占据→________adj.已占用的；在使用中6．___________n．需要；要求→_______vt.需要；要求7．___________vt.承认；确认；答谢→_________________n．承认；确认；答谢8．_______n．道歉；谢罪→__________v．道歉；谢罪第35讲│基础梳理occupyoccupiedrequirementrequireacknowledgeacknowledgementapologyapologiz(s)e\nⅡ.短语检测1．保持优秀成绩；继续干下去2．相处融洽；适应3．舒适地4．就……而言5．忙着做……；忙于某事物6．日复一日7．在……富有8．不可能的，办不到的第35讲│基础梳理keepitupfitinincomfortasfarasoneisconcernedbeoccupiedwithdayinanddayoutbeabundantinoutofthequestion\nⅢ.佳句再现1．Itwasthefirsttimeshe____________________________(离开祖国)．(leave)2．Livingwithhostfamilies,_____________________(在此可能也有)othercollegestudents,givesherthechancetolearnmoreaboutthenewculture.(there)3．It'snotjuststudy______________(是困难的).(that)4．Besides,________________________(据他所知),whatotherpeoplethoughtwasnotthemostimportantthing.(concerned)第35讲│基础梳理hadeverlefthermotherlandinwhichtheremaybethat'sdifficultasfarashewasconcerned\n5．I______________________________(一直忙于工作)thatIhaven'thadtimeforsocialactivities.(occupy)6．HewantedtoknowwhatIthought,_________________(这让我茫然)becauseIthoughtthattheauthorofthearticleknewfarmorethanIdid.(confuse)7．XieLeitoldmethatshe______________________(感到更加舒服自在)inEnglandnow,andwhathadseemedverystrangebeforenowappearsquitenormal.(home)8．InthehighplainsareaisLakeTiticaca,thehighestlakeintheworld,on_____________________(可以行船).(travel)第35讲│基础梳理havebeensooccupiedwithworkwhichconfusedmefeelsmuchmoreathomewhichboatscantravel\n1recommendvt.(togiveadviceorcounsel)推荐，建议recommendsb./sth.tosb.向某人推荐/介绍……recommendsb.as…推荐某人为……recommenddoing…建议做……recommendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事recommendthat＋主语＋(should)…建议……第35讲│单词点睛单词点睛\n【温馨提示】(1)力劝、强力推荐某人常用副词highly，strongly等，即highly/stronglyrecommend…(2)把甲介绍给乙，使他们相识，用introduce；把某物介绍、推荐给某人或把某人推荐给某人，应用recommend。(3)recommend表示主观判断、推测、建议、命令，通常引导使用虚拟语气的宾语从句，从句谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，且should可以省略。类似的单词有：advise,command,decide,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,require,suggest,urge等。第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Itisrecommendedthattheproject____________________(不动工)untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.(start)(2)Theoldmanshouldlistentothedoctor'srecommendationthathe_________________(卧床).(stay)(3)InordertoimproveourspokenEnglish,wealllistentotheteacher'srecommendationthatnobody________________________(不参加)theEnglishpartyonweekends.(participate)第35讲│单词点睛(should)notbestarted(should)stayinbed(should)notparticipatein\n(4)Irecommended①_______________________________(她订票)fortheShanghaiExpoearly.②___________________(她订票)fortheShanghaiExpoearly.③_____________________(她订票)fortheShanghaiExpoearly.第35讲│单词点睛(that)she(should)bookthetickethertobooktheticketherbookingtheticket\n2substituten．(onethattakestheplaceofanother;areplacement)代替者；代用品vt.(toput,useorserveasasubstitute)用……代替……substituteAforB(＝substituteBwith/byA)用A代替B__asubstitute作为代理人/代替品makeasubstituteof替换，取代第35讲│单词点睛as\n【易混辨析】substitute与replace这两个词都含“取代，代替”的意思，但用法完全不同。(1)substitute的用法是：substituteAforB，意为“用A代替B”。(2)replace的用法是：replaceAwithB，意为“用B代替A”。第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)用for与with填空①Nothingintheworldcansubstitute___amother'slove.②Amother'slovecanbesubstituted_____nothingintheworld.(2)Inmodernsociety,peopleaccepttouse_______________________________(用塑料做钢的代替品)．(3)Thezero－sumconcept______________________________(正逐渐被取代)with/bythewin－winconcept.第35讲│单词点睛forwithplasticsasasubstituteforsteelisnowbeinggraduallysubstituted\n(4)Washingfooddownwithwaterasaforchewingisnotagoodhabit.A．directionB．substituteC．possibilityD．resource[解析]B考查名词辨析。句意：用水冲下食物代替咀嚼是一种不好的习惯。substitute此处用作可数名词，意为“替代品”。第35讲│单词点睛\n3acknowledgevt.(toadmittheexistence,reality,ortruthof)承认，确认；答谢acknowledgedoingsth.承认做某事acknowledgethat…承认……acknowledgesb./sth.as…/tobe…承认某人/事为……acknowledgesb.with…用……对某人表示感谢It's(universally)acknowledgedthat……是大家所公认的第35讲│单词点睛\n【易混辨析】acknowledge,admit与recognize这些动词均含“承认”之意。(1)acknowledge着重“公开承认”，常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事。如：Withsomuchevidenceagainsthim,hehadtoacknowledgehiserror.在这么多的证据面前，他不得不承认错误。第35讲│单词点睛\n(2)admit是指在巨大的压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实，供认(事实、错误等)。如：Theaccusedmanadmittedhisguilt.被告承认了他的罪行。(3)recognize指正式承认主权、权利等。如：Theyrefusedtorecognizethecountry'sindependence.他们拒绝承认这个国家的独立。第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Withthemonitorvideoshown，hehadto________________________________________________(承认偷了手机)fromhisclassmate'sdeskinside.(2)___________________________(大家公认)thatTaiwanisapartofChina.(it)(3)TaiwanisapartofChina,____________________________(这一点是大家所公认的).(which)(4)________________________(大家所公认的)isthatTaiwanisapartofChina.(what)第35讲│单词点睛acknowledgestealing/havingstolenthemobilephoneItisuniversallyacknowledgedwhichisuniversallyacknowledgedWhatpeopleacknowledge\n(5)Hislongservicewiththecompanywaswithapresent.A．admittedB．acknowledgedC．attributedD．identified[解析]B考查动词辨析。句意：公司赠与他一件礼物以示对他在公司多年工作的认可。beacknowledgedwith意为“凭……被认可”。第35讲│单词点睛\n4occupyvt.(tocausetoengageinortakeandkeeppossessionof)占据，占领，占用(1)beoccupiedin(doing)正在(做某事)keepsb.occupied使某人忙碌(2)occupyoneselfwith/in从事于……；忙于……；专心于……(3)bebusydoingsth./withsth.忙于……(4)beengagedindoingsth.忙于……第35讲│单词点睛\n【温馨提示】occupy的基本意思是指时间、空间、地点方面的占有，引申可用于指某人占据某个职位或发挥某种作用。如：Mr.WhiteoccupiesanimportantpositionintheMinistryofEducation.怀特先生在教育部里担任要职。第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Hekepthimself__________________(忙于写作)andrefusedanyvisitfromhisfriend.(2)OurlocalTVprogramsareveryboringwiththeeveningnews______________________(占整整一小时)everyevening.(3)Fully______________________________________________(忙于照顾三个孩子)athome，shenolongerhastimetoenjoyanyactivitiesintheclub.第35讲│单词点睛occupiedinwritingoccupyingawholehouroccupiedinlookingafter/takingcareof3children\n5paralleladj.(havingthesamedistancebetweeneachotherateverypointorsimilar)平行的；相同的；类似的beparallel_____…与……平行beparallel_____…和……类似inparallel并联的，并行的inparallelwith与……同时，与……平行第35讲│单词点睛withto\n【活学活用】(1)Hisexperiences__________________(与我的相似)inmanyinstances.(2)Theyranfromnortheasttosouthwest,almost_______________________(和东海岸平行)．(3)Withmedicaltreatmentandexercise__________________(双管齐下),hewillquicklyrecover.(work)第35讲│单词点睛areparalleltomineparalleltotheeastcoastworkinginparallel\n6apologyn．(statementtosayoneissorryforhavingdonewrongorhurtsb‘sfeelings)道歉，谢罪(1)anapologyforsth.为某事道歉makeanapologytosb.(forsth.)(因某事)向某人道歉(2)apologizefor…为……道歉，替……道歉apologizeto…向……道歉第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Notuntilherteachercriticizedher____________________(她才道歉)toherroommateforherrudebehavior.(apology)(2)Sheinsistedthatshehadmadenomistakesandthathe_______________________(向她道歉)．(apologize)第35讲│单词点睛didshemakeanapology(should)apologizetoher\n7comfortn．(stateofbeingfreefromsuffering,anxiety,pain,etc.)舒适；安慰vt.安慰(1)___comfort＝comfortably舒适地givecomfortto(sb.)安慰(某人)takecomfortfrom/in在……中得到安慰(2)comfort…with以……安慰comfortsb.forsth.因某事安慰某人第35讲│单词点睛in\n【温馨提示】comfort作不可数名词时，意为“安乐，舒适，无忧无虑”。comfort还可作“给予援助或安慰的人或事”讲，此时用作可数名词。如：Youareagreatcomforttoyourparents.你是父母最大的安慰。第35讲│单词点睛\n【活学活用】(1)Hehasdoneeverythinghecouldtogivehisparents_________________(舒适的生活)．(2)Thecarisbigenoughtoseatfivepeople_______________________(舒适地)．(3)Afterwelostthematch,theteachercameuptous,__________________(以……安慰我们)encouragingwords.(4)WhenImissmyfamily,_________________(真是一种莫大的安慰)tohaveasubstitutefamilytocomehome.(5)Neverinherlife_____________________(给予她安慰)byherhusbandwhensheisinupsanddowns.第35讲│单词点睛acomfortablelife(comfortably/incomfortcomfortinguswithit'sagreatcomforthasshebeencomforted\n1fitin相适应；相融合(1)fitinwith与……相适应adjustto适应adapt…to适应agreewith适合；与……一致(2)fiton把……安上；试穿fitinto使……任命于，使……适合于befitfor适合于befittodosth.适合做某事第35讲│短语储存短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)He'sneverdonethistypeofworkbefore;I'mnotsure__________________(他是否会适应)．(2)Iwillchangemytimetableto_______________(与你的一致)．(3)Onlyafter_______________________________(他们适应周围的环境)arethebirdsabletosurvive.(4)I'mafraid____________________(我不适合该工作)，foritisonecallingformuchpatience.第35讲│短语储存whetherhe'llfitinfitinwithyourstheyfitinwiththeirsurroundingsI'mnotfitforthejob\n(5)选择适当的介词/副词填空①Idon'tthinkthisistheboxthatthistoycamein,itwon'tfit___.②IfIgainanymoreweight,Iwon'tbeabletofit_____myclothes.③Seeiftheframefits___thedoor,andifitdoes,thenfinishmakingit.④Theschooldaysarebusyenough,yettheTaylorstryhardtofitasmuchaspossible____theirkids'lives.第35讲│短语储存inintotointo\n2so/asfarasoneisconcerned就某人来说as/sofarassth.isconcerned就某事而论as/sofarasIknow就我所知asfarasIcanremember据我所记得asfarasIsee/tell依我看asfarastheeyecanreach就视力所能及第35讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)_______________________________(就这项规则来说),noonecanfindoutwhereitcomes.(2)__________________(据我所知),hewillbeawayfortwomonths.第35讲│短语储存As/SofarastheruleisconcernedAs/SofarasIknow\n3outofthequestion不可能的；不值得讨论的outofquestion毫无疑问beyond/withoutquestion毫无疑问inquestion讨论中的；有疑问的【温馨提示】outofquestion为“毫无疑问的”，通常作表语，相当于形容词。但若在question前加the，即说成outofthequestion，则意为“不可能的”，这点应特别引起注意。有无the不一样的介词短语还有：第35讲│短语储存\n第35讲│短语储存inprison蹲监狱intheprison在监狱里inchargeof负责……inthechargeof由……负责/管理inchurch做礼拜inthechurch在教堂里infrontof在……前面(外部)inthefrontof在……前部(内部)inclass上课intheclass在班级里attable吃饭atthetable在饭桌旁inpossessionof拥有inthepossessionof掌握在……手里/被……占有\n【活学活用】(1)Withanefforthedraggedhismindbackto_____________________(正在讨论的问题)．(2)_____________________(是不可能的)tobuyanewcarnow.We'verunoutofallthemoney.第35讲│短语储存thematterinquestionIt'soutofthequestion\n(3)—ShallItakefivedaysoff?—.Wehavesomuchunfinishedbusinesstosettle.A．OutofthequestionB．BeyondquestionC．WithoutquestionD．Outofquestion[解析]A考查介词短语辨析。由somuchunfinishedbusiness可知，答语表示“不可能”，故选择A项。第35讲│短语储存\n4settlein安顿下来；开始在……居住settledown安顿下来，过安定的生活；(使)安静下来，平静下来settleon/upon决定settledownto开始认真对待，定下心来做第35讲│短语储存\n【活学活用】(1)NowuntilgraduationfromCambridgeUniversity______________________(她才在伦敦定居)．(2)Wordcamefromtheearthquake-hitareainYunnan____________________________(人们已安定下来)innewhouses.Buttheyfacedifficultchallengesassociatedwiththeneedtofindwork.第35讲│短语储存didshesettleinLondonthatpeoplehadsettled(down)\n(3)选择settle短语并用其正确形式填空①Afterworkingabroadforseveralyears,Gillwantsto_____________apermanentjobinBritain.②Imust__________thismorningandfinishthetermpaper.③Aftermuchdiscussionthey_________theplanoriginallyproposed.④Whenwe've____________properly,we'llinviteallourfriendstoahousewarmingparty.第35讲│短语储存settledowntosettledownsettledonsettledin\n1Itwasthefirsttimeshehadeverlefthermotherland.这是她第一次离开祖国。句型公式Itis/wasthefirsttime(that)…是第一次做某事第35讲│句型透视句型透视\n【句式点拨】thefirsttime是名词性短语，此处作先行词。在本句中，that引导定语从句，可以省略，且that不可用when代替。在“Itis/wasthefirsttime(that)＋clause”结构中，从句谓语动词要用完成时。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecometotheGreatWall.这是我第一次爬长城。Itwasthefirsttime(that)Ihadvisitedsuchabeautifulplace.这是我第一次看到这么美丽的地方。第35讲│句型透视\n【相关拓展】Therewasatimewhen…一度TherewasonceatimewhenIhatedtogotoschool.曾经有段时间，我讨厌上学。(此句when引导定语从句，修饰先行词time)第35讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)ItisthefirsttimethatanAfrican-American_____________________(被选为总统)oftheUnitedStates.(2)ItwasnotthefirsttimethatlittleTony___________________(撒谎)tohismother.第35讲│句型透视hasbeenelectedpresidenthadlied/hadtoldalie\n2AdmiretheSpanisharchitecture,enjoysomeexcellentSpanishcuisineandtakesometimetobargainforsomesouvenirsatthecolourfulmarkets.观赏西班牙式的建筑，品尝一些西班牙美食，花点时间逛逛五颜六色的市场，与商贩讨价还价，买点纪念品。句型公式“祈使句/名词短语＋and/or/then/otherwise…＋陈述句”结构第35讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句包含三个并列的祈使句。最后一个祈使句中的不定式短语tobargainforsomesouvenirs作目的状语。祈使句常表示条件，陈述句表示结果。该结构中and,then表示递进关系；or,otherwise表示转折关系。Hurryup,oryou'llmissthetrain.快点，你会误了火车的。Anothereffort，andyouwillsucceed.再努力一些，你就会成功的。Haveabathandarestandyou'llfeelbetter.洗个澡，休息一下，你就会觉得好些。第35讲│句型透视\nBethereontimeotherwiseyou'llcreateabadimpression要准时来，否则你会给人一种坏印象。第35讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Crosstheroadverycarefully.Lookbothways,or__________________________(你会被撞倒)．(2)_________________________________(比较这两把牙刷)andyou'llfindthepurpleoneissofter.第35讲│句型透视youmightbeknockeddownComparethese/thetwotoothbrushes\n3InthehighplainsareaisLakeTiticaca,thehighestlakeintheworld,onwhichboatscantravel.在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。句型公式“介词短语＋be,lie,sit,stand…＋主语”型的全倒装结构第35讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句中InthehighplainsareaisLakeTiticaca是一个全倒装句；onwhichboatscantravel是一个“介词＋关系代词which”型的定语从句。为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将用作地点状语的介词短语置于句首，此时句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如：Onthedoorhungabigsign.门上挂着一个大招牌。Overthewallcameashowerofstones.从墙那边飞来一阵石块。RoundthecornercameMrsPorter.波特夫人在拐角处出现了。第35讲│句型透视\nOnthetopofthehillstoodanoldcastle.山丘上有一座古堡。Undertheroadrunpipesforgasandwater.在马路下面铺着煤气管道和自来水管。Beforethemlaymilesofundulatingmoorland.他们前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。第35讲│句型透视\n【易错警示】全部倒装必须符合三个条件：一是把介词短语、副词或副词短语放在句首；二是谓语动词为be,lie,sit,stand,go,come,walk,dash，run,fly等；三是主语必须是名词。如果主语为代词，则谓语仍放在主语之后。如：Herecomesthebus.公交车来了。Hereitcomes.它来了。第35讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)_________________________________(围绕着这湖泊的是十六座山峰),whicharecoveredwithsnowalltheyearround.(lie)(2)______________________________________(市中心有一座购物中心),thebiggestoneinthecity,inwhichthereareagreatdiversityofgoods.(be)第35讲│句型透视AroundthelakeliesixteenmountainsInthecenterofthecityisashoppingmall\n4Ihadtolearnhowtousethephone,howtopaybusfare,andhowtoaskashopkeeperforthingsIdidn‘tknowtheEnglishfor.我必须学会怎样使用电话，在公共汽车上怎样付钱，并且请教店主我以前不会用英语表达的东西。句型公式“特殊疑问词＋todo”的结构与功能第35讲│句型透视\n【句式点拨】本句是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，其中三个由疑问词加不定式构成的短语howtousethephone,howtopaybusfare和howtoaskashopkeeperforthings在句子中作宾语。特殊疑问词后加不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语等。Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.何时动身还未决定。(作主语)Hedidnotknowwhethertogothereornot.他不知该不该去那里。(作宾语)Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver.困难在于怎样过河。(作表语)第35讲│句型透视\n【活学活用】(1)Theyhaven'tdecided__________________________(什么时候举行运动会)．(hold)(2)_____________________________________________(如何向他解释真相)isaproblem.第35讲│句型透视whentoholdthesportsmeetHowtoexplainthetruthtohim/tohimthetruth\n第35讲│跟踪训练跟踪训练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Wewillnotarriveatour__________(目的地)beforedarkunlesswespeedup.2．Theteacher'swordsofloveandhelp__________(安慰)theboywhohadjustfailedintheexamination.3．Thebookwentthroughseveral________(修改，修正)beforethepublisherwasfinallysatisfiedwithit.destinationcomfortedrevisions\n4．Theproductsmadeinthefactorydidnotmeetallthe_____________(要求)setbythegovernment.5．Idon'tunderstandwhyherefusedto___________(承认)thathehadbeendefeated.第35讲│跟踪训练requirementsacknowledge\nⅡ.选词填空adjustto,fitin,beoccupiedwith,outofthequestion,referto1.AtfirstIfeltawkward，butIsoonlearnedto_____.2．Youcan'tgototheweddinginthatoldshirt—it'squite__________________.3．Helen_________________businessmatters，sowedidn'twanttobotherher.4．Ifyouhaveanyquestions,please_______theaddressgivenabove.5．_____________thetropicalheatwasmoredifficultthantheyhadexpected.第35讲│跟踪训练fitinoutofthequestionwasoccupiedwithrefertoAdjustingto\nⅢ.单项填空1．I'dliketohimtoyouforthejob.Heisaverycleverandindustriousboy.A．referB．suggestC．recommendD．propose[解析]C考查动词辨析。句意：我要推荐他为你工作。他是个聪明勤奋的孩子。recommend意为“推荐”，符合句意表达。第35讲│跟踪训练\n2．Whentravelling,youareadvisedtotaketravellers'checks,whichprovideasecuretocarryingyourmoneyincash.A．substituteB．selectionC．preferenceD．alternative[解析]D考查名词辨析。substitute代替，代替物；selection选择；preference喜欢，偏爱；alternative两者或两者以上挑一；取舍，抉择。根据题意可知正确答案为D。第35讲│跟踪训练\n3．Thewitnesses'statementseachotherandthefactsremainedunclear.A．participatedB．operatedC．governedD．contradicted[解析]D考查动词辨析。句意：证人的证词相互矛盾，因此事实仍然不清楚。contradicteachother意为“相互矛盾”。第35讲│跟踪训练\n4．Dr.Smithwasalwaysthepoorandthesick,oftenprovidingthemwithfreemedicalcare.A．remindedofB．absorbedinC．tendedbyD．concernedabout[解析]D考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯先生总是关心穷人和病人，经常向他们提供免费的医疗帮助。beconcernedabout“关心”，符合句意表达。其他：beremindedof得到提醒；beabsorbedin专心于；betendedby受到……的照料。第35讲│跟踪训练\n5．Ittakestimeforthecampusculturetodevelopand，butitdoesn'tnecessarilyjustifythelackofcultureonuniversitycampus.A．appealtoB．settleinC．layoffD．setdown[解析]B考查动词短语辨析。句意：大学校园文化需要漫长岁月的沉淀，但这并不是新建大学校园文化缺失的理由。settlein此处意为“可能持续”，符合句意表达。其他：appealto呼吁，请求；layoff下岗，辞退；setdown记下，写下，放下。第35讲│跟踪训练\n6．[2011·江苏卷]Inthatschool,Englishiscompulsoryforallstudents,butFrenchandRussianare________.A．specialB．regionalC．optionalD．original[解析]C考查形容词辨析。A项意为“特殊的”；B项意为“地区的”；C项意为“可选的”；D项意为“原始的，最初的”。句意：在那所学校，对于所有学生来说英语是必修的，但是法语和俄语是选修的。compulsory意为“必修的”，but表示转折，所以相对应的应该是“选修的”，即optional。第35讲│跟踪训练\n7．Theteachersthemselvesinmarkingthestudents'papersafterthemonthlyexamination.A．involvedB．devotedC．occupiedD．absorbed[解析]C考查动词辨析。句意：老师们忙于学生们的月考试卷。A项意为“涉及；使参与”，B项意为“致力于”，后跟介词to，C项意为“占据”，occupyoneself(in)doingsth.意为“忙于做某事”，D项意为“吸收；使全神贯注”，常跟介词in。依据语意可知选C。第35讲│跟踪训练\n8．Suchanimalsasdinosaursdiedoutbecausetheycouldn't________tothesuddenchangeoftheclimate.A．suitB．keepC．adaptD．switch[解析]C考查动词辨析。解题关键：掌握短语adaptto意为“适应……”。句意：像恐龙这样的动物灭绝是因为他们不能适应突然的气候变化。第35讲│跟踪训练\n9．KatelookedsosadatthenewsthatshefailedintheexamthatIdidn'tknowwhattosaytoher.A．treatB．interestC．comfortD．annoy[解析]C考查动词辨析。comfort意为“安慰”。句意：听到考试不及格的消息，凯特显得如此难过，以至于我不知道说什么来安慰她。treat意为“对待，招待，治疗”；interest意为“使……感兴趣”；annoy意为“使……不悦，苦恼”。第35讲│跟踪训练\n10．Comingtoanothercountrytostudyrequiresabigadjustmentanditusuallytakesawhileto.A．fitinB．calmdownC．keepupD．getaway[解析]A考查动词短语辨析。句意：到另外一个国家去读书需要做出很大的调整，而且通常需要很长的时间才能适应。四个动词短语中，fitin(with)表示“适应”，符合语意。B项“(使)平静下来”；C项“保持”；D项“离开，逃离”。第35讲│跟踪训练\n阅读写作(二十一)阅读理解技法指导之词义猜测阅读写作(二十一)[阅读理解技法指导之词义猜测]\n阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测重视词义猜测历年高考都把词义猜测作为考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能列入试题。词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断；既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或短语的含义。\n一、词义猜测主要的设题方式有：1．Theunderlinedwords“tookoff”inparagraph2mean“”．2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphreferto?3．Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphimpliesthat.4．Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”inthethirdparagraph?5．Theunderlinedphrase“turnhisbackon”(paragraph6)mostprobablymeans.阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n6．Bysaying“Weneedthemyesterday”(paragraph7)，Stovermeansthatsnakelikerobots.二、词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。语境即上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其他词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇和短语并结合具体的语境来推测。命题者为了考查学生的这种猜词能力，常采用以下几种命题策略：阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略1：依据标点符号猜测词义标点符号是词义猜测的最直接，最简单的解答方法。比如，破折号、冒号常常起解释说明的功能，引号和括号有时也起到相同的作用。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n例1Morning,noon,andnight,hertonguewasendlesslygoing,sothathewasforcedtoescapetotheoutsideofthehouse—theonlysidewhich,intruth,belongstoahenpeckedhusband.Theunderlinedwords“henpeckedhusband”inthelastparagraphprobablymeansamanwho.A．likeshuntingB．isafraidofhensC．loveshiswifeD．isafraidofhiswife阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n【点睛】D破折号起进一步解释说明的作用。由句前信息“他为逃避妻子的唠叨而逃到屋外”可知“他是一个怕老婆的人”，因此选择D项。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略2：依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义运用对比手法描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手段下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有：but/yet/however/nevertheless;while/whereas;otherwise/orelse;unlike/instead/ratherthan;bycontrast/comparedto;onthecontrary/ontheotherhand等。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n例2Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”inthepassage?A．Messyanduntidy.B．Richandexpensive.C．Comfortableandcalming.D．Foreignandunusual.【点睛】D由but引导的前后句可知，exotic与quitenormal(相当平常)在意义上是互为反义的，因此选择D项foreignandunusual(异乎寻常)。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略3：依据下定义，作解释猜测词义在说明文、科技文中运用下定义或解释概念的方法来定义或诠释某一名词或概念是文章写作的又一特点。在写作方法上常采用先总后分(即先定义后解释)或先分后总(即先说明后结论)的方式。常用的定义信号词有：bedefinedas/betermed(被定义为)，becalled(被称为)，mean/referto/be(意指，是)。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n例3[2011·安徽卷](节选)GeorgeProchnikwouldliketheworldtoputasockinit.Hemakeshiscaseinanewbook，ListeningforMeaninginaWorldofNoise.Hereheexplainshimself(usinghisindoorvoice)：“We'vebecomesoaccustomedtonoise，there'salmostadeepprejudiceagainsttheideathatsilencemightbebeneficial.Ifyoutellsomeonetobequiet，yousoundlikeanoldman.Butit'sneverbeenmoreimportanttofindcontinuingquiet.Silencefocusesus，improvesourhealth，andisakeytolastingpeaceandsatisfaction.”阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\nWhatdoesthephrase“toputasockinit”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Tobequiet.B．Tobecolorful.C．Tobefulloflove.D．Tobeattentivetosomeone.【点睛】A词义猜测题。本题是根据结构上的“总—分”关系猜测词义。文章首句先表明观点，然后进一步清楚地分述自己的观点——没有噪音，我们会专注生活中各种美好的声音。再结合上下文可以看出GeorgeProchnik是反对噪音的，所以他应该是喜欢安静的，故答案选A。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略4：依据逻辑推理猜测词义运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也是最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系、同位关系、对比关系，转折关系等。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n例4[2011·四川卷](节选)Sowhatdrivesmetorolloutofbedat5：00a．m.？Whatgivesmethereasontojustsaynotoicecream?Commitment.Acommitmenttochangemylifewithawaythatreducesdailyanxiety，increasesself－confidenceandenergy，extendslifeandaboveallimprovesmybodyshape.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commitment”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Goodhealth.B．Firmbelief.C．Astrongpower.D．Aregularhabit.阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n【点睛】B词义猜测题。本题是根据解说关系猜测词义。从文中“Acommitmenttochangemylifewithawaythatreducesdailyanxiety，…aboveallimprovesmybodyshape.”可知，“减少焦虑、增强信心…改变体型”即不定式部分是修饰commitment的，结合文意可推断出commitment意为“坚强的信念”，故选择B项。本题容易受字面意思的影响而误选C项。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略5：依据替代词猜测词义使用替代词it,they,them,one(s),these,that或theother(two…)等指代上下文中词汇或句义是猜测词义的另一种形式。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n策略6：依据例证猜测词义采用事实说理(即例证)以加强观点的说服力或使观点更加明朗清楚是文章写作的常用手法。借助例证获取更多信息，即可实现猜词的目的。常用的例证信号词有：like/forexample/forinstance/suchas;include/consistof等。此外，运用语法和常识以达到猜词的目的也是词义猜测策略的另一种表现形式。英语构词法给英语语言创造了丰富的词汇源泉，因此掌握构词规律是达到猜词目的的有效捷径。这种猜词的策略主要表现在：阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n(1)依据词性变化猜测词义英语语言的词性变化是非常活跃的，如名词动化、动词名化、形容词动化等，阅读时要充分抓住这一特点，从而准确地猜测词义。(2)依据词义变化(词义引申)猜测词义英语语言除了词性活跃的特点外，其词义的变化也是非常活跃的。同一个词在不同的语境中其词义也会发生相应的变化，即所谓的词义引申。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n(3)依据词的派生和合成猜测词义派生法是英语构词法中最主要的构词方法，它由词根、前缀或后缀组成。如：前缀dis-，im-，ir-，un-可以构成反义词；后缀-less也以构成反义词。遇到合成词时在正确理解两词的基础上结合原文来把握两词之间的关系，从而准确地猜测词义。阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n【活学活用】1．Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionshewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenateopposedthisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforever.A．killedbystoningB．sentawayC．imprisonedD．punishedbywhipping[答案]B阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n2．Theprisonerseemedtorelaxbutactuallyhewasthinkinghard,whilehishandmovedsoslowlythatthemovementwasimperceptible.Itwasonlywhenthekeysaccidentallyfellfromthetablethattheguardsuddenlyrealizedthattheprisoner'shandhadalmostreachedthem.A．hardlynoticeableB．heavy－handedC．notcapableoffastorimmediateactionD．amatterofhabit[答案]A阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n3．Mrs.Morgan'ssonwasintelligentandcharming,buthiscontinualextravagancemadeherwonderifshecouldcontinuetosupporthim.Eachmonthshewasgoingdeepintodebt,attemptingtopayforhisexpensivepurchases.A．superiormannerB．wastefulnessorcarelessnessinspendingmoneyC．showingtoogreatconcernforcurrentfashionsD．insultstofamilyorclosefriends[答案]B阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n4．Twelve－year－oldSallywasanactivegirl,whilehersisterwasquitesedate.A．prettyB．calmC．protectiveD．Energetic[答案]B阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n5．IwantedtostayinNewYork,butmyfriendtriedtodissuademe.A．deceiveB．frightenC．talkoutofitD．accompany[答案]C阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n6．Albert'ssuccessaftermucheffortandpracticeprovethevalueofpersistence.A．timeB．competitionC．perseveranceD．beginningagain[答案]C阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n7．Hefeltverylonely;hehadlivedinBaltimoreCityforamonthandhadmetnooneintheinhospitablecity.A．unfriendlyB．uncomfortableC．unhealthyD．enormous[答案]A阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n8．Ifoundasecludedareawherenomanoranimalcouldbeseenformilesaround.A．coolB．isolatedC．quietD．noisy[答案]B阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n9．ThearchaeologistspentyearsstudyingandsearchingforremainsoftheChinesecivilization.A．onewhostudiesthemindB．onewhostudiesculturesC．onewhostudiesthebodyD．onewhostudiesanimals[答案]B阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测\n10．CARDIFF,Wales(De,15)—Poets,singersandmusiciansfromacrosstheglobegatheredinWalestocelebratethetraditionofstorytelling.“Itcameoutofagroupofpeoplewhowantedtoreconnectwithtraditions,andasalltheWelsharestorytellers,itwasingoodhandshere.”Ambrosesaid.A．controlledbyrichpeopleB．graspedbygoodstorytellersC．takengoodcareofD．protectedbykindpeople[答案]C阅读写作(二十一)│重视词义猜测