高中英语定语从句详解ppt课件 52页

TheAttributiveClause定语从句\nDon’tforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucan’tget.Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。Underlinetheattributiveclauses:\nWhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorter\nWhichoneisHarryPorter?Theboy_______________________isHarryPorter.whoiswearingglasses定语从句\n定语从句一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句\nHarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why\n二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/thatwereplantedlastyear.先行词是人关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是物Thesearethestudentswho/thatwonthefirstplacelastyear.引导定语从句的关系代词\nHaveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语\n1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语\n②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语\n③that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.\n④whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.\n2.which,that的用法which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略\n3.只能用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.\n③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.\n④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.\n⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.\n以下情况只能用which引导定语从句。1.引导非限制性定语从句时2.先行词是物，紧接在介词后面时（介词+关系代词+定语从句）Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivein.3.句子中同时有两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了that引导时LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopen.Football,whichisaveryinterestinggamewhichisplayedallovertheworld.\n4当先行词本身就是that时.Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatweknownow.注意：关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.\n只能who不用that的情况1.先行词是指人的不定代词,one,anyone,Noone,nobody,anybody,none,all…Thestudentsyoushouldlearnfromarethosewhograduatefromtopuniversity.2.Therebe结构，先行词是指人时Thereisagirlwhoweredressedinredcoatismysister.3.一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系词是that,另一个易用who.Theboythatyoumetlastnightismybrotherwhostudiesveryhard.\n关系代词as的用法1.As用作关系代词，既可指人也可指物，可作主语，宾语或表语，常用在thesame…as,such…as…,as…as…等句型，不能省略.SuchteachersasknowTomthinkhimveryclever.当先行词被such,thesame修饰，也可用that引导定语从句但是指同一物，不是同一类ThisisthebikethatIlostlastnight.\n2.As引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句内容，从句可放在主句前主句后或中间Asisknowntoall,heisafamousmoviestar.Asyouknow,sheisastubborngirl,andIcan’tpersuadehertochangehermind.As引导的非限制性定语从句固定表达Asweallknow,asyousee,asiswellknown.asweexpect…翻译正如…一样\n非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。Thehouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasalovelygarden.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.注意：整个主句作为先行词,谓语动词用第三人称单数\n主语宾语定语指人whothatwhom（优先）whothatwhose（ofwhom）指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose（一）引导定语从句的关系代词\n关系副词先行词在从句中的成分when时间时间状语where地点地点状语whyreason原因状语when,where,why（二）引导定语从句的关系副词25\n1.When表示时间，代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往时表示时间的名词，如：time，day,hour,year等IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim.2.Where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，先行词往往时表示地点的名词，如place,house,village等Finally,wegottothefactory,wherewehadtovisit.3.Why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词一般是reasonCanyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome?\n关系代词与关系副词的选用定语从句引导词用关系代词还是关系副词的判断方法用法依据根据从句谓语动词及物动词，后面没有宾语，用关系代词不及物动词，用关系副词根据关系词在从句中的成分把关系词放进定语从句，若做主语或宾语用关系代词，作状语用关系副词Thisisthefactorywhereheusedtowork.Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether?Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachother?\nIdidn’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.Idon’twanttolistentothereasonthat/whichyouhasgivenus.\n介词+关系代词引导的定语从句在这种定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom,不能用that,先行词是人用whom,是物用which介词选用规则（1）根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯ThisisthebookonwhichIspent10yuanHeistheonefromwhomIlearntalot(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯IrememberthedayonwhichIwenttoschool.(3)根据从句表达的意义来确定介词Myteacher,withoutwhomIcan’tfinishthistask\n表所有关系或整体中的一部分时，常用…ofwhich/whom引导定语从句Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors注意：介词+关系代词，介词有时可后移，此时关系代词可以省略Thisisthemantowhomyouturnedforhelp.Thisistheman(whom)youturnedtoforhelp.有些含有介词短语的一般不可以拆分lookfor,carefor,hearfrom,hearof介词+whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰其后的名词SheisthepersoninwhosehouseIstayedin.\n关系副词When=on(in,during,…)whichwhere=on(in,at…)whichWhy=forwhich（三）关系副词与介词+关系代词的替代\nwhenwhen可用in/on/at/during+which代替1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.whenwhich32\nwhywhy可用for+which代替1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.whywhich.33\nWhereWhere可用in/on/at等+whichThehouseinwhichwelivedisatallbulidingnow.Thehousewherewelivedisatallbuildingnow.\n关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语关系副词在定语从句中作状语35\nHaveyougotit?\n由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom选择题\n4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用whom\n7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语\n10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语介词提前时只能用whichthat\n14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导\n16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导\n18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导\n21.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导\n23.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导\n24.Whoistheworker___tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which主句已有who或which时,只能用that引导\n填空题1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.\n4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that\n7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat\n句子翻译1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.\n3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.\nSeeyou!