高中英语定语从句的用法课件 40页

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰词起到限制、修饰的作用，一般不可缺少。非限制性定语从句起补充、附带说明作用，缺少也不会影响对全句的理解。\n请大家翻译以下句子:这就是你哥去年工作过的工厂。2.他通过了驾照考试，这让所有人感到惊讶。Thisisthefactorywhereyourbtotherworkedlastyear.Hepassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisedeveryone.\n关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词在从句中的作用其它说明that人/物主宾表作宾语时省略which物/句子/句子中的一部分主宾表作宾可省，但介词前置时不能省who人主宾作宾语时可省whom人宾语作宾可省，但介词前置时不能省whose人/物定语有时可用ofwhich,ofwhom替换as人/物/句子主宾有时可与which替换\n1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar_______________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.5)Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandthebooks________interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.which/that(which/that)who/that(who/whom/that)that一、定语从句关系代词的选择\n6)Acountryisanation___________hasitsowngovernment,landandpopulation.7)I’velookedthewordsupinthedictionary________Iborrowedfrommyteachers.8)Themen__________havemadealotofmoneydonotknowwhattodowiththeirmoney.9)RecentlymyfatherboughtaChinesepainting,_______pricewasveryreasonable.which/that(which/that)who/thatwhosethepriceofwhich;ofwhichtheprice\n定语从句关系代词的选择归纳：1、看先行词是人还是物2、看先行词在定语从句中作主、宾、还是定语---（whose)10)Theboy_______motherdidn’tknowthetruthhadbeenkilledinaroadaccidentwhosethemotherofwhom;ofwhomthemother\n二、定语从句关系代词使用要点:Theclassroomisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.Thisisthegirlwithheworks.IhavecometoexplainthereasonIwasabsentfromthemeeting.Doyoubelievethereasonhegiveforhisabsence?whichwhomwhy/forwhich关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。2.关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时，常可省略。3.关系副词在定语从句中不可省略。\n1.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.2.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenme.3.They’retalkingaboutthepeopleandthething______theysawontheirwayhome.4.Whichistheclock______ismadeinChina?5.Itisabook_____willbeverypopular.thatthatthat三、定从中先行词为物时只用that不用which的情况thatthat\n结论：1当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰或有theonly,thevery,thelast等词修饰时；2当先行词为anything,nothing,something,everything,all,little,much等不定代词修饰时；3当先行词前有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等词修饰时；4当先行词中既有人又有物时。5当主句是which引导的特殊疑问句时。6Itis句型中的引导定语从句时。\n四、先行词为物时只用which，不用that的情况：1引导非限制性定语从句时；Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.2引导词前有介词时；ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.3一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导；Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.\n五、先行词为人时，不用that只用who的情况。1Mysister,_____worksinBeijing,willcomebackhomenextweek.2Ididn’tknowanyone______waspresentatthemeeting.3He______doesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.4Therearemanyyoungmen______voteforhim.5Those_____laughlast,laughlongest.Compare:6Who____hassuchahomedoesnotloveit?7Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?whowhowho结论：1在非限制性定语从句中。thatwhowhothat\n2先行词为those时。3先行词为one,ones,anyone等指人的不定代词或人称代词时。4在therebe结构中。\n六、as,which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰句子或句子的一部分。1as引导的定语从句可放在主句之前或之后，which只能放在主句之后。_____isknowntoall,theearthisround.Theearthisround,_______isknowntoall.2as在定语从句作主语时，常用以下固定句型中。asisknown,asissaid,ashasbeensaidbefore,asmaybeimagined,aswasexpected,asweallcansee.ThePrimeMinisterisgoingtoresign,___issaid.Asas/whichas\n3当主句与从句意思一致时，用as。当不一致时，用which.Hemadealongspeech,______wasexpected.Hemadealongspeech,_______wasunexpected.4在“主+谓语+宾+宾补”结构中的定语从句多用which。You’vemadegreatprogressinEnglish,_______makesmeveryhappy.5as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me fromgoingto the park.A. thatB. whichC. asD. itaswhichwhich\n七as引导的定语从句thesame…..as+定语从句thesame……that+定语从句such……as+定语从句我买了一块和你的一样手表。（很像，但不是同一块）I’veboughtthesamewatchasyouhave.这就是我丢的那块手表（是同一块）ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.Here’ssuchabigstoneasnoonecanmove.（定语从句）Here’ssuchabigstonethatnoonecanmoveit.（结果状语从句）\nHeissuchagoodman_________weallliketoworkwith.Heissuchagoodman_________weallliketoworkwithhim.as定从that状从翻译：像你描述的这种人现在被认为是傻子。Suchpeopleasyoudescribedarethoughttobefoolsnowadays.(宾语）Inthecity,Isaw________grandaNationalDaycelebration________Ineverdreamtof.A.so,thatBso,asCsuch,thatDsuch,asIt’ssuchagoodplace_____everybodywantstovisit____itiswellknownallovertheworld.Awhich;thatBas;asCas;thatDthat;which\n八、介词＋whom/which引导的定语从句介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadhadsupper.onwhichduringwhichinwhichbywhich\nB.与定语从句的谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook____________sheoftentalks?forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhich\n3.表整体中的一部分或全部时，用“one/two/some/all/none….+of+which/whom”1)Thereare100teachersinourschool,__________60arewomenteachers.2)Hehasthreechildren,two___________workasteachers.3)Thattablehasfourlegs,all_____________areveryshort.4)PeoplehavelotsofproblemslivingintheCentralAustriandesert,_______gettingwateristhemostserious.5)Ihavemanyfriends,____somearebusinessmen.AofthemBfromwhichCwhoofDofwhomofwhomofwhomofwhichofwhich\n试比较：Theyhired200workers,mostof_____werewomen.Theyhires200workers,of______mostwerewomen.Theyhired200workers,andmostof______werewomen.Theyhired200workers,mostof______women.Theyhired200workers;mostof______werewomen.AwhomBthemCwhichDthatwhomthemthemthemwhom\n关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词在从句的作用其它说明when时间名词时间状语有时可用in,on,at,during等+which替代where地点名词地点状语有时可用in,at+which等替代whyreason原因状语有时可用forwhich替代thatway状语有时可用inwhich替代,有时可省略that.wherecase/situation状语有时可用Inwhich替代whenoccasion状语\n1Thiswasthetimewhen(atwhich)sheleftforBeijing.2Thebookstorewhere(atwhich)hissisterworksisthelargestoneinNanjing3Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hedidit.forthereasonExamples:\n4I’llneverforgettheday________Ifirstmethim.5Thisisthehouse__________LuXunoncelived.6Doyouknowthereason_________hedidn’tcometoschool?7Canyouthinkofanotherway________wecanworkoutthemathsproblem?8Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,________________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheUnion.whenwhywhere(onwhich)(that)inwhich(forwhich)(inwhich)duringwhichtime\n9Icanthinkofmanycases/situations________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.10Therearefewoccasions_________membersareconfusedoruncertainoftheirroles.wherewhen(inwhich)\nThisisthefactory___________producesTVset.Thisisthefactory_________hisfatherusedtowork.I’llneverforgetthedays____________weoncespenttogether.I’llneverforgetthedays________weoncestayedatmyuncle’s.Ihavecometoexplainthereason________Iwasabsentfromthemeeting.Doyoubelievethereason__________hegiveforhisabsence?which/thatwhere(that/which)when一、先行词是地点名词、时间名词、原因名词时，且在定语从句中作状语,用when,where,why等引导。但如果在定语从句中作主、宾语时仍用that/which引导。that/whichwhyforwhich\nAftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_____sheneededtodecidewhattodo.Youaresayingeveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisthepoint_______Idisagree.--Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyou?--Yes,there’sonepoint__________wemustinsiston.翻译：这是他十年前住过的房子Thisisthehousewhich/thathelivedintenyearsago.Thisisthehousehelivedintenyearsago.Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtenyearsago.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtenyearsago.where(that/which)where\n二、关系代词前缺少先行词时，需要用theone来充当先行词。1)Isthismuseum_____________youvisitedyesterday?Thismuseumis________youvisitedyesterday.2)Isthisthemuseum______________youvisitedyesterday?Thisisthemuseum____________youvisitedyesterday.3)Isthisthemuseum__________youonceworked?Thisisthemuseum_________youonceworked.4)Isthismuseum___________youworkedtenyearsago?Thismuseumis_________youworkedtenyearsago.AtheoneBwhichCwheretheonewhich/thatwherewheretheone(which/that)wherewhere\n5)TheSpringFestivaliscoming.It’stimetothinkofapropergiftformymother,_____won’tbeexpensivebutwillmakeherhappy.AaoneBoneConethatDtheonewhich6)Meetinghisuncleagainaftermanyyearsisanexcitingmoment,______hewillneverforget.AthatBwhenConeDwhat\n定语从句的使用需注意：Mybrotherwhoisverycleverstudieschemistryallbyhimself.使用定语从句勿滥！可以使用单个形容词，或较短的非谓语动词结构的，尽量使用简略些的方式。使句子读起来更顺口！Mycleverbrother….\n1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?theone3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.for.归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复2定语从句要避免漏掉成分3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开\n4、在定语从句中，谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。Tomisoneofthestudents_______________totheGreatWall.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudents_____________totheGreatWall.AwhohavebeenBwhohasbeen5、区分句型。ItwasinthebookstorethatImetyoutheotherday.WeexpressedthehopethatMr.SmithwouldcometovisitChinathenextyear.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.ItwasintheMingDynasty____theGreatWallwasrebuilttokeepoutnortherntribes_____threatenedtheChineseheartland.Athat,thatBthat,whereCwhen,thatDwhen,wherewhohavebeenwhohasbeen强调句型（同位语从句）（主语从句）\n_____mightbeexpected,hewasadmittedtotheuniversity._____mightbeexpectedthathewasadmittedtotheuniversity.______mightbeexpectedisthathewasadmittedtotheuniversity.Hewasadmittedtotheuniversity,_____________mightbeexpected.Hewasadmittedtotheuniversity,______expected.AsItwhatas/whichas\nAlicestoodinfrontofthewindow,____shecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball.AfromthereBwhereCfromwhereDthere.2Thisismyfirsttime（that）I’vecomehere.3Istillrememberthehouse____MotherandIsatinthatevening.AwhereBinwhichC/Dinthat4Ithinkitisthebest____thatcanbemadeofthemoney.AwayBbusinessCmeansDuse.5Onlythose_____knowswellcanbeletin.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.heExercises:CCDD\n6Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstuckbyfloods,from________effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.（2005天津）AthatB.whoseC.thoseD.what7______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.（2004江苏）A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As8—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?（2005福建）—Right,justtheone_________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what9Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.（2004浙江）A.whenB.whereC.whatD.whichCBDD\n10Isthisthereason________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(2002上海春招)A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained11Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,___________shewantedtobe.（2005湖北）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which12TheEnglishplay______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.（2004全国I）A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich13Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_____sightmattersmorethanhearing.AwhatBwhichChowDwhere14Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalinthedegree_____theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.AwithwhichBtowhichCofwhichDforwhichADDCB\n15Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentherememberedthescenes______peoplewereeatenbythetiger.AinwhichBbywhichCwhichDthat16Inexperiments_____youngteensareallowedtosleepaslongastheywant,theytendtosleepanaverageof9hours.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhere17Iintendtovisittheperson____recommendedintheletter.A.whoB/C.youD.whom18I’dliketogivemythankstothose_____helpmysonwillbeabletosurvivehisterribledisease,”saidthewomanonTV.AwhoBthatCwithwhoseDwiththeirADCC\nThebookwaswrittenin1946,______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.AwhenBduringwhichCsincethenDsincewhenIfashophaschairs______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.AthatBwhichCwhenDwhereMarkwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,______hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.AduringwhichtimeBforwhichtimeCduringwhosetimeDbythattime\nIsawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection______shehadcome.AofwhichBbywhichCinwhichDfromwhichEricreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_____hefoundajobinabigcompany.AafterthatBafterwhichCafteritDafterthis____isknowntousallisthattheoldscientist,for_____lifewashardinthepast,stillworksveryhardinhiseighties.AAs,whomBWhat,whomCIt,whoseDAs,whose\nHewillnotcametotheplace______hehadanunpleasantexperiencethereinthatB.inwhichC.thatD.whereA不要把所有的从句都当成定语从句。\nthanks