[高二英语]高中语法――倒装句课件 30页

倒装句高中\n倒装句讲解英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装（fullinversion）；而只将be、情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装（partialinversion）。\n一、完全倒装1.Therebe结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。如:Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.巩固练习:1)________abeautifulpalace________thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at\n2、副词here、there、in、out、up、down、away、back、now、then、ahead等位于句首，当谓语动词是be、come、go、follow、run等表示位置移动的动词，而且主语又是名词时，需要把谓语动词放主语之前，即完全倒装。例句：Hereisyourletter.Aheadsatanoldwoman.\n注意:A）此类倒装不用进行时态。B）上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。\n3.当表示地点的介词词组(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)在句首时。Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Thesoldiersrantothebuilding,onthetopofwhichflewaflag.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.\n1.--Let'shurry.Listen!There________.---Oh，yes.Hastheteachercomeyet?---Look!Here________.Athebellgoes，ishecomingBgoesthebell，hecomesCthebellisgoing，heiscomingDgoesthebell，comeshe2.Nearthechurch________cottage.　A.wassuchanold　B.hadasoold　C.wassucholda　D.issoanold\n4."分词(代词)+be+主语"结构。如:Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.6)________,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.Einsteinwasso　D.SowasEinstein7)________arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone　B.Go　C.Togo　D.Going\n二、部分倒装部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。\n1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）,nosooner（立即）,notonly,innoway（决不）,atnotime,few,not,no等,如:NotaworddidIsaytohim.NeverhaveIfoundhimsohappy.LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.Ican'tswim.Neithercanhe.Nosoonerhadhegonetobedthanhefellasleep.\n巩固练习:1)Hardly____theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.Ihadarrivedat　B.hadIarrivedC.hadIreached　D.Ihadgotto2)—Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?—No,_____anythinglikethatbefore.A.Ineverhaveseen　B.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseen　D.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,____I.A.soam　B.noram　C.neither　D.nordo\n2.so，neither，nor作部分倒装表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装。例句：1)TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.2)Ifyouwon'tgo，neitherwillI.典型例题---DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother?---Idon'tknow，_____.A.nordon'tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneitherD.Idon'tcarealso\n注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.---It'sraininghard.---Soitis.\n典型例题---Youforgetyourpursewhenyouwentout.  ---Goodheavens，_______.(2002)A.sodidI     B.soIdidC.Ididso       D.Isodid---Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.  ---_______，and________.(1997)A.Sohehas，soyouhaveB.Sohehas，sohaveyouC.Sohashe，sohaveyouD.Sohashe，soyouhave\n3.only+状语放在句首,要部分倒装。如:--Onlyinthisway，canyoulearnEnglishwell.--Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。--Onlywhenheisseriouslyill，doesheeverstayinbed.\n典型例题----____canyouexpecttogetapayrise.(2001)A.WithhardworkB.AlthoughworkhardC.Onlywithhardwork D.Nowthatheworkshard----Onlyinthisway__tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.(2003)A.youcanhopeB.youdidmoreC.canyouhopeD.didyouhope\n4.as，though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。例句：---Tryhardashewill，heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.\n注意:1、句首名词不能带任何冠词。2、句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。3、让步状语从句中，有though、although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。\n典型例题---______，heknowsalotofthings.A.Thechildasheis  B.ChildasheisC.Achildasheis D.Childheasis---_____，Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapable(有能力）asJohn.(2001)A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIhavetravledsomuch\n5.在以often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。如:ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.Manyatime________swimmingalone.　A.theboywent　B.wenttheboyC.didtheboygo　D.didgotheboy\n6.含有否定意义的连词放句首:notonly…butalso..，neither..nor..，nosooner…than..，scarely..than..，hardly..when..，notuntil...注意：1）notonly，nosooner，hardly，scarely要倒，but(also)，than，when后面的句子不倒。2）neither...nor..两部分都倒装。\n3)Notuntil放在句首,从句不倒装,主句倒装。如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复合句)●Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___knowwhatheatis.A.mandid　B.man　C.didn'tman　D.didman●NotuntilIbegantowork____realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tI　B.didI　C.Ididn't　D.I\n典型例题1）Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver__howseriouspollutionwas.(95)A.didthevillagersrealize B.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize2）Notonly__interestedinfootballbut__beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A.theteacherhimselfis，allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis，areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself，areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself，allhisstudentsare\n3）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn'tmanknowD.didmanknow4）Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun5）NotuntilIbegantowork___howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealize\n7.虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were，should，或had，可将if省略，再把were，should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。---Weretheyherenow，theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow，theycouldhelpus.----Hadyoucomeearlier，youwouldhavemethim=Ifyouhadcomeearlier，youwouldhavemethim.---Shoulditrain，thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain，thecropswouldbesaved.\n注意:在虚拟语气的从句中，动词‘be’的过去时态一律用“were”，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。---IfIwereyou，Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你，就会去找他。---Ifhewerehere，everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。\n典型例题---_____todothework，Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI---___itraintomorrow，wewouldhaveputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.(94)A.Were  B.Should      C.Would    D.Will---____forthetreetickets，Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmsooften.(95sh)A.Ifitisnot B.WereitnotC.Hadnotitbeen D.Iftheywerenot\n8.其他部分倒装1)so..that..，such..that..的句子结构中，若so，such和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒装。e.g---Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.典型例题Sodifficult____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.(2001)A.Ihavefelt B.haveIfeltC.Ididfeel D.didIfeel\n2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中：Mayyouallbehappy.hopeyoucanconquerthegrammar\n