高中英语构词法新课件 24页

史上最长单词antidisestablishmentarianism根据范克和华格若尔斯编的「英语新标准辞」里面的解释，这个字的意思是「反对教会与国家分开学说」。它曾被英国首相格来斯顿1809-1898引述过一次。\n构词法构词法：合成(Compounding)派生法（Derivation）【前缀/后缀】转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】\n合成词Compoundpain-killer＋＝止痛药\n＋＝color-blind色盲\n＋＝sleep-walk梦游sleep-walker\n1.合成名词(1)n+nbloodpressureincometaxcreditcard(2)adj+ncentralbankfastfood血压所得税信用卡中央银行快餐\n(3)v-ing+另一词washingmachinedrivinglicense洗衣机驾驶执照\n2.合成形容词(1)过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。absent-mindedgrey-haired(2)动词的ing或另一词构成long-sufferingfar-reaching心不在焉的头发灰白的长期受苦的深远的(影响)\n3.合成动词overeatbaby-sit吃得太多看孩子\n加前缀：happy---___happy加后缀：develop---develop_______既加前缀又加后缀：employ---____employ_______unmentunment派生词（derivation）\n派生法（Derivation）---词缀法1.前缀:Pre-（前）Pre-reading,preview,prepayRe-(重新)Rewrite,reconsider,reusedis-（不）disagree,dislike,disappearin/im-（不）informal,impossibleinconvenientmis–（错误或失当）Un-(不）misunderstand,misleadunfairuncorrectedunexpected\nforetell,forecastpost–(之后)postwar,post-readingfore-(前，预先)semicircle,semi-finalsemi-(半，部分)antiwar,antisocialanti-(阻止，抗)Non-profitnon-smokerNon-（不是，非）\n2.常见的后缀1).名词后缀：-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ion请将以下单词和上列相应的后缀相连，组成新词：work,educate,develop,visit,satisfy,teach,sail,ability,piano,art,child,act,brother,solute,conclude,move,possible\n-er-or-tion-ment-ity-ist-hood-ionteacher,workervisitor,sailoreducation,satisfactiondevelopment,movementability,possibilitypianist,artistchildhood,brotherhoodaction,solution,conclusion如：\n-ous-ful-able,-ible-ant,-ent-lessdangerous,humoroushelpful,carefulcomfortable,responsibleimportant,excellenthomelesscareless2）.形容词后缀：3）.副词性的词缀：-ly-wardsquickly,softly,greatlybackwards,forwards\n1.转化法（Conversion）:是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。watern.水------watervt.浇水常见的转化形式两种：动词---名词名词---动词\n动词----名词stopvt.停止---n.车站lovevt.爱---n.爱Watchvt.观看---n.手表recordvt.录音---n.纪录combvt.梳理(头发)---n.梳子abusevt.辱骂---n.辱骂\n名词----动词handn.手---vt.上交seatn.座位---vt.坐nursen.护士---vt.护理oiln.油---vt.上油timen.时间---vt.定时，测时shouldern.肩膀---vt.肩负\n缩写和简写:缩写和简写(也被称为截断法或缩短法)主要采取:“截头”,　“去尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词.telephone---phoneairplane—planelaboratory-labmathematics--mathadvertisement—adexamination--exam\n另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成.CCTV(ChinaCentralTelevision)NBA(NationalBasketballAssociation)UFO(unidentifiedflyingobject)UN(UnitedNations)ID(identification)USA(UnitedStatesofAmerica)\n1.Hewasoneofthebest_______inyesterday’sfootballmatch.(play)2.Look!How_______Kateislaughing!(happy)3.Itsnowed_______lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.(heavy)4.Edisonwasagreat________.Duringhislifehehadmany__________.(invent)playershappilyheavilyinventorinventions构词法精练Usetheappropriateformofthewordstofillintheblanks.\n5.Moreandmore_________havecometovisitChinaovertheseyears.（foreign）6.Theboyhadthe___________ofbeinghalfstarved.(appear)7.ThedoctorsaidthatMary’smotherneededan_________.(operate)8.Shehopedthathersonwouldbecomea_________.(music)9.Thedaysonthemoongethotterthan________water.(boil)10.Thankyouforyour_________.(kind)appearanceoperationforeignersmusicianboilingkindness\n11.Mostinternational_________lettersarewritteninEnglish,too.(busy)12.Theboynoticedan___________mistakeonhispaper,buthedecidednottosayanythingaboutit.(correct)13.WheninRome,doasthe________do.(Rome)14.Theteacherwaspleasedwithher_______.(honest)15.Themotherdidn’tknowwhyherdaughterwascrying_______.(noise)uncorrectedRomanshonestynoisilybusiness\nPracticemakesperfect!