高中英语主谓一致教学课件 100页

\nWomenofachievement\nLearningAims:TolearntheSubject—VerbAgreementTotrytopractisetheusingofagreement.\n主谓一致谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数一致,这就叫主谓一致.\nIamateacherSheoftendoesherhomeworkinthemorning.Thereisonlyoneboxonthetable.Thereare50studentsinourclass.\n但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致（从前原则）＼意义一致＼就近原则．\n一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式，语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:（1）Thenumberoferrorswassurprising.错误之多是惊人的（2）Weloveourmotherland.\n二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义。主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采取复数形式，主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采取单数形式。Eg（1）Thecrowdwerefightingfortheirlives.这些人正为生存而战斗。（2）Threeyearsinastrangelandseemslikealongtime.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。\n三、就近原则谓语动词根据它前面最邻近的名词或代词或其他词的数的形式，来决定其自身的数的形式。Eg(1)Notonlyhischildrenbutalsohehimselfwantstogothere.(2)EithermywifeorIamgoingtoworkthere.\n就近原则的使用情况：当作主语的两个名词或代词由or,either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…..notonly…butalso…，not……but……连接时;在therebe…./herebe……句型中(1)There____alamp,twopensandthreebooksonthedesk.(2)Here____someenvelopesandpaperforyou..(3)Notonlyhisfamilybutalsohe_____(喜欢）Chaplin’smovies.(4)YouorI____goingtoreceivethemthisafternoon.isarelikesam\n5.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be6.There______inthisroom.a.aretoomuchfurnitureb.istoomanyfurnituresc.aretoomuchfurnituresd.istoomuchfurniture\n7.NeitherTomnorhisparents______athome.a.is  b.arec.has  d.was8.Eitherthedeanortheprincipal______themeeting.attendsattendc.areattendingd.haveattended\n9.______waswrong.a.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher10.Hedidn’tsaywhethersomeEnglishnovelsoranEnglishdictionary_____wanted.A.areB.isC.wasD.were\n有togetherwith,with,aswellas,but,except,besides,ratherthan,including,along,alongwith,like.连接并列主语时,采取从前原则.\n1)They,togetherwithTom,_______goingtoswimthisafternoon.(be)2)Noonebutyourparents_____therethen.(be)3)He,likeyouandyourbrother,________veryclever.(be)4)Theteacher,includinghisstudents,_______goingtoseeProfessorTell.(be)5)Mary,togetherwithhissisters________goneback.(have)arewasishashas\n1.Anexpert,togetherwithsomeassistants,____tohelpinthiswork.A.wassentB.weresentC.issendingD.aresending2.—____eitherheorIfitforthejob?—Neitherhenoryou____.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is\n3.Nothingbutcars____intheshop.A.issoldB.aresoldC.weresoldD.aregoingtosell4.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered\n5.Notonlythewholenation,butthewholeEurope,indeedthewholehumansociety______toalteritsattitudetoracialproblems.a.needb.needsc.hasaneed   d.haveaneed6.Totellyouthetruth,I,aswellastheotherstudents,______hungry.A.sureamB.amsureC.sureareD.aresure\n由and或both----and连接主语，谓语动词用复数。\n1.Apoetandanovelisthavevisitedourschool.2.WuDongandWuXi______twinbrother.(be)are\n1.Thesingerandthedancer______cometothemeeting.A.has　　　　　B.have　　　　　C.are　　　　　　D.is2.ThesecretaryofthePartybranchandthedirectorofthatfactoryoften____withtheworkers.A.worksB.workC.isworkingD.areworking\n如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语用单数。\nEg:1）Theteacherandwriterisherfriend.2)Butterandbreadisherfavoritefood.3)Ajournalistandauthor_____(live)inthehouse4)Thedoctorandprofessor__(be)comingatonce.livesis\n1.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitor___askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting. A.be　　B.was　C.are　D.were2.Wiskyandsoda______ hisfavoritedrink.is   b.arec.were   d.havebeen\n3.Lightandheat_____oftensentouttogetherwithheavysmoke.isB.wasC.areD.being4.______waswrong.Nottheteacherbutthestudentsb.Boththestudentsandtheteacherc.Neithertheteachernotthestudentsd.Notthestudentsbuttheteacher\nevery…and(every)……;each…and(each)…;no…and(no)…;manya…and(manya)…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。\n1.Everydeskandeverychair____madeofwood.(be)2.Manyaboyandgirl_____madethesamemistake.(have)3.Noboyandnogirl___(be)intheclassroom.4.Manyastudent____(like)popsongs.ishasislikes\n1.Eachmanandwoman______thesamerights.has   b.havec.had   d.ishaving2.Manyastudent______theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.a.haverealizedb.hasrealizedc.havebeenrealizedd.hasbeenrealized\n3.Nochairandnodesk______permittedtobetakenawayfromthereadingroom.areB.wereC.isD.be4.Manyafather______learnttohissorrowwhatitistohaveasonwhotellslies.A.haveB.isC.areD.has\n5.Everyman,womanandchild______somehistory,enoughatleast,tosurviveintheworld.knowsb.knowc.isknownd.areknown\nsome(of),plentyof,alotof,most(of),therestof,all(of),half(of),part(of),themajorityof,分数或百分数+of+名词等短语作主语时，谓语动词与of后的名词或则和其替代的名词保持数的一致。\n1)Alotofstudents_________waitingoutside.(be)2)Morethan70percentofthesurface___(be)coveredbywater.3)Therestofthemoney_____(belong)toyou.are/wereisbelongs\n1._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are2.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest_____moredifficult.A.is　B.areC.wasD.were\n3.Mostofhissavings______intheXinHuaBank.hasbeenkeptb.isbeingkeptc.havekeptd.havebeenkept4.Themajorityofthedamage______easytorepair.is   b.arec.were   d.be\n5.Themajorityofdoctors______smokingisharmfultohealth.arebelievedb.hadbelievedc.hasbelievedd.believe6.Three-fourthsofthebuildings______.wasdestroyedb.isdestroyedc.weredestroyedd.hasbeendestroyed\nnone有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。\neg.Noneofthebooksareeasyenoughforus.Noneofushasacamera.Noneofthemoneyispaidtome.\none/everyone/each/either/neither/theother/anotheranybody/anyone/anything/somebody/someone/something/everybody/everyone/everything/nobody/noone/nothing/thenumber+of+复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。\nEachofthestudentshasabook.Neitherofthemhastoldme.Eitheroftheanswersisright.\n1.Theyeach_____anewdictionary.A.hasB.haveC.is　　　　　　D.are2.Eachofyou______responsiblefortheaccident.a.am   b.be   c.is   d.are\n3.Eachofthestudentsinourclass______greatinterestinEnglishandtheyeach_______acopyofNewEnglish-ChineseDictionary.A.shows；haveB.have；hasC.is；haveD.takes；has4.Thetwosistersareforcedtoplaythepiano.Infact，neitherofthem______toplayit.A.likeB.likedC.likesD.liking\n5.Nobodybuthisfamily______thesecret.knowB.areknownC.haveknownD.knew\noneandahalf做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。\nOneandahalfyearshaspassed.Oneandahalfappleshasrottedaway.\nmore＋复数名词＋thanone和morethanone＋单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。morethan+两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。\nMorestudentsthanonewerepunished.＝Morethanonestudentwaspunished.Morethantwohundredpersonsarepresent.Morethanonewaskilledinthebattle.\n1.Morethanoneworker______dismissed.havebeen    b.arec.hasbeen   d.has2.Morethanonegraduate______senttothehardestplacesince1979.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen\n表示时间，数目，距离，价格，度量衡等名词的复数作主语，并作为整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。\n1)Fourhoursisenoughtodotheexperiment.2)Tendollarsistoomuchtopayforthatshirt.3)Thirtyfeetislongenough.\n1.    “______twentydollarsabigsumtoher?”“Isupposeso.”Willbe   b.Isc.Are   d.Were2.    Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.a.are  b.has  c.is  d.were\n算术中的动词单复数都可以,多用单数。\nTwoandtwomakes/makefour.Threetimesthreeisnine.\n集合名词class,family,army,enemy,team,group,government,staff,audience,crowd,public,committee等作主语时，若强调整体，谓语用单数，若表示组成该集体的成员，谓语用复数。\nEg:1)beMyfamily____verylarge.Hisfamily________waitingforhim.2)be/haveTheclass___madeupof54students.Alltheclass_____gonetotheplayground.isare/wereishave\n1.Thecommittee______overtheproblemamongthemselvesfortwohours.hasarguedb.hasbeenarguingc.havearguedd.havebeenarguing2.  Thepublic______generousintheircontributionstotheearthquakevictims.is   b.wasc.are   d.hasbeen\n3.Hisfamily_____alwaysquarrellingamong______.A.is；itselfB.are；themselvesC.is；themselvesD.are；itself\n有些名词本身表示复数概念，其谓语动词用复数形式，如people,police,cattle,goods,youth,clothes等。\nEg:1)Thepolice____afterathief.2)Cattle_____ongrass.(feed)3)Allthegoods_______arrived.(have)arefeedhave\n1.Cattle______onthehillside.grazes   b.isgrazingc.wasgrazing   d.weregrazing2.TheyouthofChinatoday___tryingtheirbesttostudymodernscienceandtechnology.A.isB.wasC.wereD.are\n“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓语用复数，若表示某一抽象概念，则用单数。\n1)Theold____takengoodcareofhere.(be)2)Theold______(give)placetothenew.3)Thetrue___(be)tobedistinguishedfromthefalse.4)Therich____(be)fortheplan,butthepooragainstit.aregivesisare\n1.Thewounded_______bythehospital.A.havebeentakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.hastakenin2.Inthatcountry,therich______richer,thepoor,poorer.a.becomeb.hasbecomec.becomesd.isbecoming\nwhat,who,which,any(of),more,most,all(of),half(of),part(of)等代词作主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数，主要看它们指代的是什么来决定。\n1)Whichisyourroom?2)Whichareyourrooms?3)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.4)Alloftheworkersareskilled.5)Amanwhothinksonlyhimselfcanneverbehappy.6)Heisnotoneofthosewhobowbeforedifficulties.\n一个不定式，动名词，从句作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。两个或两个以上的不定式，动名词或是从句做主语时，，谓语用复数。但是如同这两个结构指一个概念，仍然用单数。\nReadingisagoodway.Tosayitisonething,todoitisanother.Whathesaysandwhathedoesdonotagree.Earlytogotobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.\n1.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided2.Whatcausedtheaccident______ontheroad.werestone   b.werestonesc.wasstone   d.wasstones\n3.Gettingtootherplanetsortothemoon_____manyproblems.involveb.involvesc.involvingd.toinvolve\nclothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage等无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。\nClothingisbadlyneededinthisfloodedarea.\n在定语从句中，谓语动词总是与先行词保持一致。\n1、Heisoneofthestudentswhoaremodest.2、Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoismodest.3、Allthosewhowanttogoonajourney,pleasesignyournameshere.\n在倒装句中，谓语动词往往与其后的第一个主语取得一致。也就是说，倒装句要采用就近原则。\nWhereisyourmotherandyoursisters?Intheroomwasfoundahat,afewsuitsofclothesandsomeshoesandsocks.\n1.Betweenthetworowsoftrees_____ateachingbuildingandtwodormitores.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are2.Onthewall______twolargeportraitsofhisparents.A.hangsB.hangedC.hangingD.hang\n3.Growingaroundthelake________wildflowersofdifferentcolors.isB.areC.hasD.have\n一个肯定的主语和一个否定的主语，同时并用，谓语的数往往依肯定的主语而定。\nYou,notI,aretobepraised.I,notyou,ambeblame.\n以s结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语，谓语用单数。\nMathsisausefulsubject..His“SelectedPoems”______firstpublishedin1970.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.havebeen\n1.ThePhilippines______tothesouth-eastofChina.a.lies   b.liec.lay   d.lays2.Mathematics______thelanguageofscience.is   b.hasbeenc.are   d.havebeen\n由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。\nTheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.\n表示成双成套的名词，如：trousers,shorts,shoes,socks,scissors,glasses,compasses,等做主语时，谓语动词用复数。\nTom’strousersaretoolong.Yourglassesareonyournose.Thereisapairofshoesunderthebed.Thepairsofshoeshavewornout.\n—Where________myscissors?—________rightonthedesk.A.are;It’sB.is;It’sC.are;TheyareD.is;Theyare\n1.________thispairoftrousersfithimwell?AreB.IsC.DoD.Does2.Strangelyenough，apairofnewtrousers______amongtherubbish.A.werefoundB.wasfoundC.foundD.hadfound\nLet'spractise!\n(1)Acartandahorse＿＿＿＿inthedistance．(2)Acartandhorse＿＿＿＿inthedistance．A．wasseenB．wereseenC．SeeD．seesBA\n2.Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,＿burntlastnight．A．isB．areC．wereD．was3.(1)Thestudentsinourschooleach＿＿＿＿anEnglishdictionary．(2)Eachofthestudentsinourschool＿＿＿＿anEnglishdictionary．A．arehavingB．hadC．hasD．haveDC\n4.(1)Manystudents＿＿＿＿thatmistakebefore．(2)Manyastudent＿＿＿＿thatmistakebefore．A．hadmadeB．hasbeenmadeC．havemadeD．hasmadeCD\n5.I,who＿＿＿＿yourgoodfriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows．A．wasB．areC．isD．am6．Allbuthimandme＿＿＿＿tothecinema．A．aregoingB．isgoingC．wasgoingD．hasgoing\n7．Someperson＿＿＿＿callingforyouatthegate．A．willbeB．isbeingC．isD．are8．ThepopulationofChina＿＿＿＿largerthanthatoftheUSA．A．willbeB．areC．isD．was9．Deer＿＿＿＿fasterthandogs．A．willrunB．arerunningC．runsD．run\n10．Everymeans＿＿＿＿tried,butthereisnoresult．A．havebeenB．hasbeenC．willbeD．were11．Thispairoftrousers＿＿＿＿mysister．Mytrousers＿＿＿＿．A．isbelongto;isbeingwashedB．belongsto;arebeingwashedC．belongto;arebeingwashedD．arebelongingto;hasbeenwashed\n13.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimming＿usefulforcharacter-training．A．wasB．isC．areD．were14．WhatIwant＿＿＿＿aninterestingbookwhilewhathewants＿＿＿＿twocupsofcoffee．A．is;areB．are;isB．is;isD．are;are\n15.MostoftheartistswillgototheUnitedStatesnextweek.Therest_______tovisitJapan.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is16.—_____yourclothes?—No,mine_________hangingoverthere.A.Isit;isB.Arethere;areC.Isit;areD.arethese;is\n17.Largequantitiesoffruit_______allovertheworldfromChinatoday.isshippedB.areshippedC.hasshippedD.haveshipped18.Allpossiblemeans________tosavethewoundedsoldier.hasbeentriedB.havebeentriedC.istobetriedD.aretrying\n19.Sixtypercentofthemilk_________horrible.A.tastedB.tasteC.wastastedD.weretasted20.Onethousanddollars________alargesumofmoneyinhereye.A.areB.isC.shouldbeD.seemtobe\n21.It_______WilliamandCarolwhohelpedmetheotherday.A.hasbeenB.areC.wasD.were22.Eitheryouortheheadmaster_______theprizestothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.A.isnotdecidedB.aretohandoutC.arehandingoutD.istohandout\n23.Threehours______enoughforustofinishthetask.areb.hasc.isd.were24.Allthatcanbedone______.hasdoneb.hasbeendonec.havedoned.havebeendone25.Oneorperhapsmorepages_______.ismissingb.hasbeenmissedc.aremissingd.wasmissing