高中英语：高一定语从句课件 43页

***Attributive***mytractormyredtractorfourguidestwoguitarsonthewallafewmixturesinthebottlesIhavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Ineedaroomtolivein.ThewhiteandblackdogsleepingunderthetreeTheoldladykilledintheaccidentyesterdayhasbeenburied.\n*Readthefollowingandtranslatethem:1.Thedog(that)Ifoundwasveryhungry.2.Thetomatoes(which)Iboughtweregreen.3.Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.4.Thefoodthatwasonthetablewasexpensive.5.Thepancake(which)Iatewastoodry.*Jointhesepairsofsentences:e.g.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.Theeggswerenotfresh.(that/which)Iboughtyesterday\n定语从句定语从句（一）1.定语从句:用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.2.引导词:关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as（主宾表）关系副词:when,where,why（状）(whose作定语;whom作宾语)人人物人/物\n1.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparents’farm.2.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.3.Ipreferdumplings.Theyhavejustbeencooked.4.Don’tdrinkwater.Ithasnotbeenboiled.5.Thetomatoeswereexpensive.Weatethemjustnow.-------Heprefersthecheese----Thenoodlesweredelicious.(that)youcooked---Ipreferdumplingsthathavejustbeencooked.that/whichcomesfromhisparents’farm.---Don’tdrinkwaterwhichhasnotbeenboiled.---Thetomatoeswereexpensive.(that/which)weate\n6.Thepancakesweremadeofcorn.Youhadthemforbreakfast.7.SanFranciscoisabigcity.ItliesinthewestoftheStatesverynearthePacific.8.Cheaphouseswerebuiltwithlittlemoney.Theywerenotstrongenough.---Thepancakes(that/which)youhadforbreakfastweremadeofcorn.---SanFranciscoisabigcitywhich/thatliesinthewestoftheStatesverynearthePacific.---Cheaphousesthat/whichwerenotstrongenoughwerebuiltwithlittlemoney.\n9.Theletterisfrommyaunt.Ireceivedittwodaysago.10.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Wesawitthenightbefore.11.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoYichang.12.Wheatisaplant.ItisgrowninnorthernChina.13.Ihavelostthewatch.Myfathergaveittometwoyearsago.14.Cheeseismadefrommilk.Itislikedbypeopleinwesterncountries.15.Cream,butterandcheesearekindsoffood.Theymakeyoufat.\n16.Thisisthebestfilm.Ithasbeenshownthisyear.17.Thisisthefirstschool.Theyvisiteditinthiscity.18.Everythingisgoodtohim.Shehasdoneit.19.Thisistheonlypencil.Shefounditinthedrawer.20.Thisistheverymagazine.Iamlookingforit.21.Thisisthedictionary.Itscoverhasbeenbroken.22.Thisisthetree.Itsleavesfirstturnyellowinthefall.\n(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用thatTheschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeepimpression(印象)onhim.(6)Who/Which/What…..之后引导词用that,不用who或whichWhoistheladythatistalkingtoourteacher?Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoread?\n定语从句（二）that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that,不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.\nAll______helearnedfromtheteachersisvaluable.Youcanfindalltheinformation_______youneedontheInternet.Hetoldmeeverything______heheardatthemeeting.Sydneyisthefirstplace______IvisitedinAustralia.Thisisthemostamusing(惊讶的)story______Ihaveread.Theonlyinformation_____Igotishisaddress.Thisistheverymoment______candecideyourfuture.I’llneverforgetthebeautifulvillageandthekindvillagers_____Ivisitedthesummerholiday.Whoistheman______isstandingbythewindow?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat\n*Fillinthegapswithaproperword:1.All______Icoulddoistheofferofmycomfort.2.Thebook___________Ineedisinmybag.3.TheGreatWallisthelongestwall_____haseverexistedintheworld.4.Togetthejobstarted,all_______Ineedisyourpermission.5.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything________hehadstolentothepolice.6.Isthisthemuseum____________youvisitedtheotherday?(that)(that/which)that(that)(that)(that/which)\n1.非限制性定语从句Hecamelateagain,whichmademeangry.2.关系词前有介词ThisistheroominwhichChairmanoncelived.3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用whichLetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.定语从句（三）只用which,不用that\n1.先行词one,ones,anyone,指代人ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshard.2.TherebeThereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中ImetaforeignerintheparkyesterdaywhocanspeakChinesewell4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个whoThemanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest.定语从句（四）修饰人只用who,不用that\n定语从句（五）引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。Thisisthegirlwho_________(practice)thepianoeveryday.Hehasadaughterwho_____(be)verypretty.Hehadtwodaughterswho_______(be)beautiful.practicesiswere\n1.Oneof结构中：Tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelate.Tomisthe(only/theonly)oftheboyswhowaslate.2.I,who_____fondofmusic,decidetomajorinmusicatcollege.am\n定语从句（六）引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。Yourfriend(____________studiesinBeijingUniversity)cametoseeyouyesterday.Heistheman(___________________youhavebeenwaitingfor.)Thenecklace(_____________Maryborrowedfromherfriend)wasmadeofglass.Thebook(thatIborroweditfromthelibrary)iswellwritten.ThewatchIgaveittoherworkswell.who/thatwho/that/whom/—which/that/—//\n定语从句（七）关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词提前，介词+which/whomTheman__________youtalkedtoisafamousactor.Themanto______youtalkedisafamousactor.Thebook__________________Iheardaboutwaswrittentenyearsago.Thebookabout________Iheardwaswrittentenyearsago.whom/who/that/---whomwhich/that/----which\n1.Doyouknowthestudent_______?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk2.Canyoutellmethebook______theotherday?A.youtalkedaboutB.aboutthatyoutalkedaboutC.thatyoutalkedD.whichyoutalkedCA\n定语从句（八）当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why引导从句Istillremembertheday_____IfirstcametoJixi.whenI’llneverforgetthetime_______weworkedonthefarm.whenThisisthehouse______welivedlastyear.whereThefactory______hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.whereThiswasthereason______Iwaslate.why\n*Translatethefollowing:1.Thehousewhereweusedtolivewasaveryoldbuilding.2.TheschoolwhereIusedtogois7kilometersaway.3.ThehospitalwhereIwasbornwasverysmall.4.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenweweresetfree.5.Irememberthetimewhenslavesusedtobesold.6.I’llneverforgetthetimewhenIwassoldtotherichfarmer.\n定语从句（九）1.关系副词when和where引导的定语从句中，when和where可以用介词+which来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。Hewillremembertheyears________________hestudiedatcollege.when/inwhichThisisthefarm_______________myfatherusedtowork.where/onwhich2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why可以用for+which来代替Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate?\nJointhefollowingpairsofsentences:1.Thisisthehouse.Weusedtosleepinit.2.Ioftenvisittheplace.Slavesusedtobesoldthere.3.Thehousewasquitebig.Mymotherworkedinthehouse.ThisisthehouseThisisthehousewhereweusedtosleep.inwhichweusedtosleep.Ioftenvisittheplacewhereslavesusedtobesold.---Thehousewasquitebig.wheremymotherworkedThehousewasquitebig.inwhichmymotherworked\n4.Thedatewas14thAugust.Wemovedtoanotherstateonthatday.5.Thetimewasasadtime.Wefoughtforfreedomduringthetime.Thedatewas14thAugustThedatewas14thAugustwhenwemovedtoanotherstate.onwhichwemovedtoanotherstate.ThetimewasasadtimeThetimewasasadtimewhenwefoughtforfreedomduringwhichwefoughtforfreedom.\n6.Idon’tknowthereason.Shewaslatebecauseofthisreason.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.7.Doyouknowthedate?Lincolnwasbornonthatday.8.Whatwastheyear?LincolnfirstbecamePresidentoftheUSAintheyear.9.Whatwastheyear?Fightingbrokeoutintheyear.10.Canyoutellmethedate?Lincolnwasshotonthatday.\n1.Isthisthehospital_______heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inwhere2.Hisuncleworksinafactory______bicyclesaremade.AthatB.whichC.whereD.inthat3.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.AduringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichCCA\n定语从句（十）介词+关系代词(介词的选择)用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物)和whom(指人)1.根据从句中动词短语来确定.Thisisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice.(payfor)ThemanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisTom.(shakehandswithsb)\n2.根据先行词确定.when,where,why=介词＋关系代词。.I’llneverforgetthedayonwhich（=when）Ijoinedthearmy..Thefactoryinwhich（=where）hisfatherworksisfarawayfrommyhometown..Idon’tknowthereasonforwhich（＝why）hewaslateforschool..Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.\n3.表示所属关系时,介词用of,即the+名词+of+which/whom,=whose+名词.Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,ofwhichthewindowfaceswest.…………………..,whosewindowfaceswest.Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,ofwhomthenamewasnotknown.……………………………….,whosenamewasnotknown.\n4.表示整体中的一部分或……中最……的，介词一般也用of。both/all/some/分数/名词+of+whom/whichTheGreenshavetwodaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.Chinahasmanyrivers,thelongestofwhichistheYangtzeRiver.$5.据句子的意思确定介词。Thisisthepilot(飞行员)forwhomIboughtacamera.Thisisthepilotwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.Thisisthepilotbywhommysonwassaved\nPeter_________IplayedtennisonSundayswasfatterthanI.Hishouse___________hepaid$10,000tenyearsagoisnowworth$30,000.Ilostmyglasses_____________Icouldseenothing.Thereisabigtree_____________somepeoplearesittingandchatting.Theycollectedmuchmoney____________theycouldhelpthedisabled.YesterdaywevisitedtheCenturyPark___________therearemanypigeons.Youcangetoffatthenextstop____________youcanchangefortheNo.10bus.Thereistheplane__________IcametoShanghai.withwhomforwhichwithoutwhichunderwhichwithwhichinwhichatwhichonwhich\n11.Canyourememberthefirstplace?Lincolnworkedintheplace.12.Whatisthenameofthestate?Lincolnwasborninthestate.13.Hehelpedhisfatheronthesmallfarm.Theylivedonthesmallfarm.14.Thiswasatime.TherewerestillslavesintheUSAduringthetime.15.Thisbookisaboutthetime.LincolnwasPresidentduringthetime.16.Theschoolisstillstanding.Lincolnlearnttoreadandwritethere.\n17.Thereweremanypoorpeopleinthetown.Lincolngrewupthere.18.Lincolnhadverylittlefreetime.Hecouldstudythen.19.Thetheatreisinthesamecity.Lincolnwasshotthere.20.Tellmethereason.Youdon’twanttosharetheroomwithhimforthereason.21.Isthisthereason?Youarelookingforhimforthisreason.\n1.Hebuiltatelescope____hecouldstudythesky.AinwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit2.Ihavetwopens,_______writeswell.A.NoneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem3.Thattree,thebranches(树枝)＿＿arealmostbare(秃的)，isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Thetrain_____hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate.A.whichB.onwhichC.forwhichD.onthat5.Thisisthefilm____Iaminterested.A.inwhichBatwhichC.inthatD.onwhichCBBBA\n1.Hebuiltatelescope＿＿hecouldstudythesky.AinwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit2.Ihavetwopens,_＿＿writeswell.A.NoneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem3.Thattree,thebranches(树枝)＿＿arealmostbare(秃的)，isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Thetrain_____hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate.A.whichB.onwhichC.forwhichD.onthat5.Thisisthefilm____Iaminterested.A.inwhichBatwhichC.inthatD.onwhichCBBBA\n1.TheGreenshavetwodaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.2.TheGreenshavetwodaughters,andbothof_____arecollegestudents.3.TheGreenshavetwodaughters.Bothof_____arecollege%.themthem\nTellthedifferencebetweenthem.Thisisthefactory(_____________makesshoes.)Thisisthefactory(______hisfatherworks.)Thisisthefactory(_____________wevisitedyesterday.)Theday(____________Iwillneverforget)isJanuary30th.Icannotforgettheday(________Ijoinedtheparty).Pleasetellmethereason(_______youarelate.)Hehastoldmethereason(_____________canexplainhisabsence(缺席)fromthemeeting.)Thereason(______________hetoldus)wasnottrue.which/thatwherewhich/that/---which/that/--whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that/---\n定语从句（十一）whose引导的定语从句形式为:whose+名词,表示所属关系,即某人的…..或某物的……….,如.Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisascientist?.Therearemanytreeswhoseleaveshavefallenbecauseofdisease..Thegirlwhosedressisredismysister.\n表示所属关系时,介词用of,关系代词为which/whom,即the+名词+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+名词.Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,ofwhichthewindowfaceswest.…………………..,whosewindowfaceswest.Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,ofwhomthenamewasnotknown.……………………………….,whosenamewasnotknown.\n定语从句（十二）as引导的定语从句as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:thesame…..as….,such…..as….,asweexpected,asweallknow,asherealized,asisnecessaryasisoftenthecase,asweallcansee,asismentioned等.1.ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.2.Don’treadsuchbooksasarenotuseful.3.Asweexpected,hedidn’tcome.\n1.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.Asismentionedabove,smokingisbadforourhealth.3.Youhavemadethesamemistakeasyoumadelasttime.4.Asisknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheeartheverymonth.5.Asisoftenthecase,hewinsthefirstintheexamination.\n定语从句（十三）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1从形式上来说，非与主句之间有逗号分开。2从引导词来看，非修饰人和物均不能用that3从与主句的关系来看，非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。Theschool,whichisfarfromyourhome,isagoodone.HereisabookwhichtellsabouttheChinese.Hearrivedhalfanhourlate,whichmadeusunhappy.代指school代指整个句子\nProfessorWang,______inventedthemachine,iscomingtovisitourcity.Charlesworksinachemicalplant(工厂),whereheholdsanimportantposition.(职位)Theplantwheremybrotherworksisverybig.Hehasasonwhoisadoctor.Hehasason,whoisadoctor.who（一个或多个儿子）\n定语从句应注意问题（4）但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。1.Thisisthewatchwhichhewaslookingfor.Thisisthewatchforwhichhewaslooking.2.Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterarehealthy.Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingarehealthy.3.Thevillagethatshelivesinistwomiles.Thevillageinthatshelivesistwomiles.Thevillageinwhichshelivesistwomiles.