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授课教案年级:初三课程:英语教师:日期:2015/12/3课题名称现在完成时教学通过对现在完成时的讲解使学生掌握现在完成时的主要知识点和考点。能够运用目标所学技巧和方法应对中考。授课类型理论课教学重点掌握现在完成时的句型结构,时间状语。教学难点动词过去分词的不规则变化教学方法讲授法、提问法、举例法、练习法教具及材料白板、资料课时40分钟新课导入现在完成时的相关题型是每年中考的必考题。一般出现在单选题偶见出现在完形填空以及句子填空题中。因此掌握现在完成时的知识点和考点是中考拿分的重点内容。这节课我们就现在完成时的重点难点及考点进行详细讲解。新课讲解1.含义1).表示一个动作发生在过去,并且已经结束,强调对现在的影响。(瞬间动词适用于这种情况)例子:Hehasjustseenthefilm.他刚刚看过这场电影。Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.到目前为止她已经通过了考试2).表示一个动作发生在过去,并且没有结束,一直持续到现在,并有可能持续到未来。(延续性动词适用于这种情况)授课内容例子:Ihavelivedhereforabouttenyears.Wehavebeenverybusysincethenewtermbegan.2.结构歌诀:完成时,很简单,have,has再加done.I,you,we,they用have,其他has把身现。否定not加其后,疑问句里提向前。如果要把时间加,since一点,for一段。强调完成有不同,yet,already句中添。yet否定,疑问见,already表示“已做完”。never,ever表经历,用在过去分词前,never本身表否定,ever“曾经”句意全。肯定句:主语+have/has+动词过去分词(完成时,很简单,have,has再加done.I,you,we,they用have,其他has把身现。)Ihavealreadyfinishedmylunch.Shehasjustgoneout.精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页,共6页-----------------------\n练习A)选用have,has填空:1.I_______toldhimthenews.2.She_______comebackfromschool.3.You_______wonthegame.否定句:主语+have/hasnot+动词过去分词(缩写:haven't(否定not加其后)hehasneverbeenthere.Tomhasn’tcomebackyet.练习Shehasalreadyfinishedhermeal.疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词?(疑问句里提向前)。简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)No,主语+haven’t/hasn(否定’)t.Haveyouheardthenewsyet?Yes,Ihave.Haveyoueverclimbedthatmountain?No,Ihaven,t.上一份练习改成疑问句让学生回答)练习TheyhavelivedinGuilinfortenyears.过去分词1、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则:(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将"y"变为"i",再加“ed”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped2、不规则动词:AAA型costcostcost,cutcutcut,readreadread等AAB型beatbeatbeaten等ABA型comecamecomerunranrun等ABB型bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthought等ABC型dodiddonegowentgoneseesawseen等B)按要求改写下列各句:4.Theyhaveboughtacomputer.(改成否定句)_________________________________________Wehavefinishedourhomework.(改成否定句)_________________________________________5.Hehaslosthisbook.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)—____________________________________________—____________________________________________精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页,共6页-----------------------\nTheyhavecleanedtheclassroom.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)—____________________________________________—____________________________________________3.标志词:(1)“已完成”“过去对现在的影响“already,表示:已经(肯定句中,可放句中或句末),yet,表示:已经、还...(否定句和疑问句中,用在句末),just,表示:刚刚(瞬间动词)Hehasalreadygotherhelp.他已得到她的帮助。Hehasjustseenthefilm.他刚刚看过这场电影。Hehasn’tstartedyet.他还没有动身。强调到现在为止的的生活经历:(延续性动词)never,表示从来没有,ever,表示:曾经(长用于否定和疑问句),once,一次twice两次,threetimes三次,sofar到目前为止。Shehasneverbeenlateforschool.他上学从未迟到过。Haveyoueverlivedinthishotel?你曾经住过这个酒店吗?TheyhavebeentoBeijingtwice.他们去过两次北京了。Shehaspassedtheexamsofar.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。(2)“未完成”“过去到现在可能刚刚结束,也可能继续下去”(延续性动词)since+过去时间点,表示:自从..(1)since+(过去的)月份/年份,(2)since+一段时间+ago‘(3)since+一般过去时从句for+时间段:表示:持续Ihaven’tseenhimfortwoyears.ShehastaughtEnglishfortenyears.精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页,共6页-----------------------\n延续性动词和非延续性动词的相互转换初中阶段常见的有:buy—have,leave—beaway,borrow—keep,join—beamember/die—bedead,become—be,open(v.)—beopen(adj.)come—be,goout—beout,leave—beaway(from),begin—beon,等。Hehasbeenawayfortwoyears.他已走了两年。HehasbeenanEnglishteachersince1992.自从1992年以来他一直当英语教师。1.Heboughtthebooktwoweeksago.=Hehashadthebookfortwoweeks.2.Shelefttwoyearsago.=hasbeenawayfortwoyears.3.Hedied20yearsago.=Hehasbeendeadfor20years.4.Thefactoryopenedin1999.=Thefactoryhasbeenopensince1999.5.Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.=Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyearshavebeenin,havebeento与havegoneto的用法1.have(has)beenin意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了2.have(has)beento意为“曾经去过某地,现在已经回来”,可与just,ever,never,once,twice等连用。如:I'vejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚才去邮局了。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经去过杭州吗?MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3.have(has)goneto意为“到某地去了”,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如:—WhereisTom?汤姆在哪里?—Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了。一,单项选择精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页,共6页-----------------------\n1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi______?A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyearA.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten5、-Ourcountry______alotsofar.-Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see9、-ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.-Really?When_____there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone10、-______you___yourhomeworkyet?-Yes.I_____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin12、-Doyouknowhimwell?-Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade13、-Howlonghaveyou____here?-Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.Arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.Began15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.isB.hasC.willD.was16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willgoD.hasbeen17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,?精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页,共6页-----------------------\nA.sotheyB.don'ttheyC.havetheyD.haven'tthey19、hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehetoChina?A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived20、Hisuncle______formorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedthereD.haslefttheuniversity二、句型转换1、Theoldman_________lastyear.He_________forayear.(die)(动词填空)2、Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同义句转换)Thisfactory________________________fortwentyyears.3、Jim____________(make)manyfriendssincehe____________(come)toChina.4、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGao_______________________________anhourago.5、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.(同义句)Hermother_______thePartythreeyears________.6、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页,共6页-----------------------