人教版初中英语教案之二 86页

人教版初中英语必修2精品教案Unit1CulturalrelicsPartOne:TeachingDesign（第一部分：教学设计）Period1:AsamplelessonplanforReading(INSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM)Aims：ToreadaboutculturalrelicsTolearnaboutTheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClauseI.WarmingupWarmingupbydefiningGoodmorning,class.ThisperiodwearegoingtoreadaboutINSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM.Beforeourreading,I’dliketoknow:A.Whatkindofoldthingsareculturalrelics?B.Arealltheoldthingsculturalrelics?C.Whatisthedefinitionandclassificationofculturalrelics?D.Towhomdoculturalrelicsbelong?Keysforreference:A.Culturalrelicsarephysicalremaindersofwhatdifferentpeoplesvaluedinthepastandcontinuetovaluenow.Itcanalsobesaidthatculturalrelicsaremorethanworksofart,theyaresymbolsofhistoryandthepeoplewholivedinthepast.B.No,notalltheoldobjectsareculturalrelics.C.Eachkindofrelicspreservessomeaspectofculturalheritageandeachrelicisstillauniqueculturalexpressionandcontributions.D.Inalargersense,itcanbesaidthatalltheculturalrelicsbelongtoallpeoplesandwholesocieties,notacertainindividual.\nWarmingupbypresentingHi,everyone.Let’slookatthescreen.I’llpresentyousomepictures.Theyallbelongtoculturalrelics.Someofthemareculturalsites.Someofthemarenaturalsites.Pleasethinktheseover：A.Canyounamethemout?B.Whohavetherighttoconfirmandclassifythem?Keysforreference:A.Theyareculturalsites:TheGreatwall;TheImperialPalaceoftheMingandQingDynastiesinBeijingandShenyang;TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorandtheTerracottaWarriors;TheMogaoCave.Thesearenaturalsites:TheJiuZhaiGouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea;TheHuangLongScenicandHistioricInterestArea.Thefollowingareculturalandnaturalsites:MountTaishan;MountHuangshan;MountWuYi.B.OnlyaninternationalprofessionalorganizationfromUNhastheauthoritytoconfirmandclassifythem.WarmingupbydiscussingNow,boysandgirls,Imeta“moraldilemma”.ThatmeansImustmakeachoicebetweentheinterestsofthefamilyandtheinterestsofthesociety.Thingsarelikethis:Myoldgrannyhappenedtofindanancientvaseunderthetreeintheearthofourgarden.It’ssobeautifulandspecial.Now,myfamilyfellintoamoraldilemma.Canyouhelpustomakeadecision:A:Whatshouldwedo?B:Canwekeepitforourselvesorreportittothegovernment?C:Haveyoucomeacrosssuchasituation—tomakeadifficultchoice?Keys:ABCquestionscanbeansweredinallkindsofways.Theanswersareflexible.II.Pre-reading1.LookingandsayingWorkinpairs.Lookatthephotosonthescreen.Alltheserelicsarequitebeautiful.Butsomeofthemwerelostandruinedinhistory，suchasYuanMingYuanandtheAmberRoom.Pleaseguess:A.Whatkindsofthingscanresultintheirdisappearing?B.Whydotheycomeintobeingonceagain?\nKeysforreference:A.Maybewars,naturaldisasters,andtimehavedamagedordestroyedthem,gettingthemlostandchanged.Manyofthemwereevenstolenandhiddenwhilenobodyknowswho,whereandhow.B.Peoplegettoknowthese.Iftheserelicscouldnotbefoundagain,theywouldberebuiltbypeople.2.ExplainingandsharingWorkingroupsoffour.Tellyourgroupmates:A.Whatdoyouknowaboutthesubstanceof“amber”?B.Whatdoyouknowabouttheculturalrelics“theAmberRoom”?Keysforreference:Iamfromgroup2.Fromtheknowledgewegotfrombiologyandchemistry,weknow“amber”isasemi-preciousstoneusedinjewelryandartworld.Amberisreallythefossilformofresinfromtrees.Ithasgotitsshapeafteraprocessthathastakenmillionsofyearstocomplete.Treesinveryancientforestsproducedthisresin,whichslowlydroppedfromtreesandwasburied.Treesuseresintoprotectthemselvesfromdiseaseandharmcausedbyinsectsandfungi.Iamfromgroup6.Fromtheinformationofhistorylegendsandnewsreports,weknowtheAmberRoomisaroombuiltbylotsofambers.ItwasagiftgiventoPetertheGreat,theKingofRussia,bytheKingofPrussia,FrederickWilliamI.Itwasgiventhenamebecausealmostthousandtonsofnaturalamberswereusedtomakeit.Butduringthesecondworldwarin1941,theNaziGermanarmysecretlystoletheAmberRoomandsentboxesoftheAmberRoomonatraintoaGermancity.Afterthat,whatreallyhappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.III.Reading1.ReadingaloudtotherecordingNowpleaselistenandreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextINSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM.Payattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushallreadaloudtwice,too.2.SkimmingandidentifyingthegeneralideaofeachparagraphNowpleaseskimthetexttogetthekeywordsandgeneralideaofeachparagraph.\n1stparagraphtheintroductionabouttheAmberRoom:design,colour,shape,material2ndparagraphthepresenttotheCzar:apartofwinterpalaceinSt.Petersburg,areceptionhallforimportantvisitor3rdParagraphtherelocatingoftheAmberRoominCatherirⅡtimes:movedintoSummerPalace,moreaddedtoitsdesign4thParagraphthemissingoftheAmberRoom:thetwocountrieswereatwar,NaziGermanarmystoletheAmberRoom,27woodenboxesweretrainedtoaGermancity,Nobodyknewitfromthenon5thParagraphtherebuildingoftheAmberRoom:anewonebutthesameastheoldbuiltbythetwocountries,forcelebratingthe300thbirthdayofPeterburg3.Scanningandanalyzingthecharacteristicsofthetext.Sinceyouhavegottoknowthegeneralideasofeachparagraph,canyoutellmethecharacteristicsofthepassage,suchas,thetypeofwriting,thewayofnarrating,andthetense?Keysforreference:Thispieceofpassageisanarrativeproseornon-fictionarticlewritteninanarratingstyle.IttellsthehistoryofAmberRoomintheorderoftimesothatwecanclearlylearnaboutwhathappenedtoit.Thetenseusedinthetextispasttense.4.ReadingandunderstandingNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromINSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOMlookinto…,beusedto…,makethedesignfortheroom,infact,asagiftof…,addmoredetailsto…,remove…fromthesearchfor…,belongto…,feelashardasstone,thefancystyle,bemadefor…,inreturn,oneofthegreatwonders,artobjects,lookmuchlike…,givethename,bemadeintoanyshape,bemadewithgoldandjewels,bemadetobeagift,serveas…,atwar,remainamystery,bereadyfor…5.ReadingandtransferringinformationReadthetextagaintocompletethetable,whichlistsallthenumbersinthetext.\nNUMBERMEANING1716FredericWilliamgavetheAmberRoomtoPetertheGreatasagift.1770CatherineⅡhadcompletedtheaddingtotheAmberRoominthisyear.1941TheNaziGermanarmystoletheAmberRoominthisyear.2003TherebuildingoftheAmberRoomwascompletedinthisyear.7000TonsThetotalweightoftheambersusedtomaketheroom.55ThenumberofsoldiersgiventothekingofRussiainreturn.600ThenumberofthecandleslightingtheAmberRoom.2Thetwocountries:GermanandRussia.2IntwodaystheAmberRoomwasremovedtoaGermancity.100,000TheAmberRoomwasdismantledinto100,000pieces2727woodenboxeswereusedtocontainthepiecesofAmberRoom.300thThenewlyrebuiltAmberRoomwasreadyforthe300thbirthdayofStPeterburgcity6.ReadingandlearningReadthetextandlearnmoreaboutthefollowingpropernouns.Youcansurfonthewebsiteafterclass:NamesofpeopleNamesofplacesFrederickⅠPrussiaFrederickWilliamⅠSt.PeterburgPetertheGreatKonigsbergCatherineⅡWinterPalaceSummerPalaceⅣClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesToendthelessonyouaretodothecomprehendingexercisesNo.1andNo.2.ClosingdownbyhavingadiscussionA.CanyouimaginethefateoftheAmberRoom?Whatisit?B.DoyouthinkifitisworthwhiletoreproducetheAmberRoom?Why?\nKeysforreference:A.IhavenoideaaboutthefateoftheAmberRoom.Becauseanythingcanhappentoit.Maybeitwasdestroyedatwarinthefightingfire.Yousee,amberscanbemeltedeasily.Maybeitwaskeptsecretlybysomebodywhohaddiedwithouttellingaboutittoanyoneelse.Somaybeitislyingsomewherequietly.B.IthinkitisworthwhiletoreproducetheAmberRoom.BecauseitrepresentsthecultureandaperiodofhistoryinSt.Petersburg.Itisatraceandfeaturesurvivingfromapastageandservingtoremindpeopleofalosttime.ClosingdownbyretellingthestoryoftheAmberRoomWell,allofushavelearnedthehistoryoftheAmberRoom.Let’srecallsomekeywordsandexpressionsontheboard.YouaretoretellthestoryoftheAmberRoom:ColourStyleShapeownerpresentmovetowinterpalaceaddtomoredetailsremovetopiecesputontrainsremainamystery300thbirthdayPeriod2:AlessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(TheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause)Aims:Tolearnabouttherestrictiveandnon-restrictiveattributiveclauseTodiscoversomeusefulwordsandexpressionsTodiscoversomeusefulstructuresProcedures:I.WarmingupWarmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsPleaseturntopage3.Doexercises1,2,3and4first.Pleasecheckyouranswersagainstyourclassmates’.Warmingupbyexplaining\nNow,class,sinceyou’vereadthepassage,couldyouexplaintomehowtousethephrase“belongto”?Theword“to”hereisapreposition,indicatingthepossession,andisalwaysfollowedbynounsorpronoun.LookatEx3.Thepreposition“at”indicatesastate,conditionorcontinuousactivity.Sowecanreplacethemorexpressthembyusingapresent-continuoustense.II.LearningaboutAttributiveClause1.WhatisanadjectiveClause?Anadjectiveclauseisadependentclausewhichtakestheplaceofanadjectiveinanotherclauseorphrase.Likeanadjective,anadjectiveclausemodifiesanounorpronoun,answeringquestionslike“which?”or“whatkindof?”Considerthefollowingexamples:AdjectivetheredcoatAdjectiveclausethecoatwhichIboughtyesterdayLiketheword“red”inthefirstexample,thedependentclause“whichIboughtyesterday”inthesecondexamplemodifiesthenoun“coat.”Notethatanadjectiveclauseusuallycomesafterwhatitmodifies,whileanadjectiveusuallycomesbefore.Informalwriting,anadjectiveclausebeginswiththerelativepronouns“who(m),”“that,”or“which.”Ininformalwritingorspeech,youmayleaveouttherelativepronounwhenitisnotthesubjectoftheadjectiveclause,butyoushouldusuallyincludetherelativepronouninformal,academicwriting:informalThebookspeoplereadweremainlyreligious.formalThebooksthatpeoplereadweremainlyreligious.informalSomefirefightersnevermeetthepeopletheysave.formalSomefirefightersnevermeetthepeoplewhomtheysave.Herearesomemoreexamplesofadjectiveclauses:themeatwhichtheyatewastainted\nThisclausemodifiesthenoun“meat”andanswersthequestion“whichmeat?”.They’retalkingaboutthemoviewhichmadehimcryThisclausemodifiesthenoun“movie”andanswersthequestion“whichmovie?”.TheyaresearchingforthestudentwhoborrowedthebookTheclausemodifiesthepronoun“student”andanswersthequestion“whichstudent?”.DidItellyouabouttheauthorwhomImet?Theclausemodifiesthenoun“author”andanswersthequestion“whichauthor?”.2.Restrictive&nonrestrictiveclausesDothefollowingpairsofsentencesmeanthesamething?1aMyuncle,wholivesinLondon,isveryrich.2bMyunclewholivesinLondonisveryrich.2aThepolicies,whichwereunpopular,wererejectedbythevoters.2bThepolicieswhichwereunpopularwererejectedbythevoters.3aMyniece,whosehusbandisoutofwork,willinheritthehouse,whichIhavealwaystreasured.3bMyniecewhosehusbandisoutofworkwillinheritthehousewhichIhavealwaystreasured.Thefirstsentenceineachpairhasanon-restrictiveclausewithintwocommas,andthesecondhasarestrictiveclause.Anon-restrictiveclausesimplyaddsmoreinformationintothesentenceanddoesnotaffectthemeaningofthemainclause:itisthereforebracketedoffwithcommas(1a=anunclewhohappenstoliveinLondon).Conversely,arestrictiveclausedefinesitsreferentinthemainclausemorespecificallyandcontributessignificantlytothemeaningofthesentence.ThusitisthatparticularunclewholivesinLondonwhoisreferredto(1b).In2a,allpolicieswereunpopularandallwererejected,whereasin2bonlythepoliciesthatwereunpopularwererejected.Notethatinrestrictiveclausesthenon-humanrelativepronouniseither‘that’or‘which’,whereasforhumanreferentstherelativepronouncanbeeither‘who/m’or‘that’(themanthat/whomIwillmarry....).3.AtestonFORMALADJECTIVECLAUSESDirections:Combinethesentences.UseformalwrittenEnglish.Use(b)asanadjectiveclause.Punctuatecarefully.1)(a)Anantecedentisaword.(b)Apronounreferstothisword.\nAnantecedent____2)(a)Thebluewhaleisconsideredthelargestanimalthathaseverlived.(b)Itcangrowto100feetand150tons.Thebluewhale____3)(a)Theplanewasmetbyacrowdof300.(b)Someofthemhadbeenwaitingformorethan4hours.Theplane____4)(a)Inthispaper,Iwilldescribethebasicprocess.(b)Rawcottonbecomescottonthreadbythisprocess.Inthispaper,Iwilldescribe____5)(a)Theresearchersaredoingcasestudiesofpeopletodeterminetheimportanceofheredityinhealthandlongevity.(b)Thesepeople’sfamilieshaveahistoryofhighbloodpressureandheartdisease.Theresearchersaredoingcasestudies____6)(a)Attheendofthismonth,scientistsattheinstitutewillconducttheirAIDSresearch.(b)Theresultsofthisresearchwillbepublishedwithin6months.Attheendofthismonth,scientists____7)(a)Accordingtomanyeducationofficials,‘mathphobia’(thatis,afearofmathematics)isawidespreadproblem.(b)Asolutiontothisproblemmustandcanbefound.Accordingtomanyeducationofficials,‘mathphobia’____8)(a)Theartmuseumhopestohireanewadministrator.(b)Underthisperson’sdirectionitwillbeabletopurchasesignificantpiecesofart.Theartmuseum____9)(a)Thegiantanteaterlicksupantsforitsdinner.(b)Itstongueislongerthan30centimeters(12inches).Thegiantanteater____10)(a)Theanteater’stongueissticky.(b)Itcangoinandoutofitsmouth160timesaminute.Theanteater’stongue____\nIII.ClosingdownbytakingaquizQuizonAttributiveclauseSelectoneanswerfromthechoicesprovidedaftereachsentence.Thewordsyouchooseshouldfittheblankinthesentence.Don’tusetheHINTbuttonsunlessyoureallyneedthem.1.Asmanychildrencameweregivensomecakes.A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom2.Thevisitorssawrowsofhousestheroofsarered.A.onwhichB.ofwhichC.whereD.that3.Iusuallytakeanapafterlunch,ismyhabit.A.whichitB.asitC.asD.that4.Pleasetellmethewayyoudidthejob.A.howB.whereC.whichD.inwhich5IsthismuseumsomeGermanfriendsvisitedthedaybeforeyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where6.Thefarmeruseswoodtobuildahousetostoregrain.A.inwhichB.whereC.thatD.withwhich7.IshallneverforgettheyearsIspentinthecountrywiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when,whichB.that,whichC.when,thatD.which,that8.Littlehasbeendoneishelpfultoourwork.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.allthat9.Perhapsthisistheonlymarketyoucangetsuchcheapgoods.A.thatB.ofwhichC.bywhichD.where10.We’llputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,__wewon’tbesobusy.A.whenB.whichC.atwhichD.inthatKey:1~10：BBCDAABADA\nPeriod3:AlessonplanforusinglanguageAims:TolearntotellfactsfromopinionsTowriteareplyletterTolistenandspeakaboutculturalrelicsProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbyquestionsMorning,class.Wealwayssay,“Wemustrespectfactsandcan’twhollydependonone’sopinions”.Butcanyoutellme:A.Whatdoesitmeanwhenyousay,“Itisafact”?B.Whatdoesitmeanwhenyousay,“Itisanopinion”?Keysforreference:A.Afactmustbereal,objectiveandwithoutanypersonaljudgment.Soitcanbeproved.B.Anoptionalwaysexpressesone’sownideas.Itisalwayssubjunctive.Soithasnotbeenproved.WarmingupbyquestioningTurntopage5.Readthepassageandtellme:A.Ifyouwanttogoinforlawagainstsomebody,andifyouwanttowin,what’sthemostimportantthingyoushoulddofirst?B.Whatmakesajudgedecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.Keysforreference:A.Searchingforfactsofcourse.Themore,thebetter.B.Theevidencesofferedbytheeyewitnessesmakethejudgedecidewhichoneisbelievableandwhichisnot.II.Guidedreading\n1.ReadinganddefiningReadthepassageanddefine:Whatisafact?Whatisanopinion?Whatisanevidence?2.ReadingandtranslatingReadthepassageandtranslateitintoChineseparagraphbyparagraph.Tom,youaretodoparagraph1,please…3.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepart.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationfromUsingLanguageonpage5inatrial,ratherthan,…morethan…,totellthetruth,agreewith,Itcanbeprovedthat…,noreasontolie,areplytoaletter,thinkhighlyof,searchfor,returnthetreasureto,costthemalotoftimeandmoney4.ListeningNow,boysandgirls,asweknow,peoplehaveneverstoppedsearchingfortheAmberRoom.Thistimewe’lllistentowhatthreepeoplesaytheyknowaboutthemissingAmberRoom.Beforewelistentothem,I’llpresentsomerelatednewwordstoyoutohelpyouunderstandthemeasily.Pleaselookatthescreenandreadafterme.explodevt.爆炸,Czchn.捷克,mayorn.市长,meltvt.熔化,sub(submarine)n.潜水艇，水雷,survivorn.幸存者,Titanicn.泰坦尼克船5.SharingandCorrectingWelldone.Nowshareyourformswithyourpartnerandtellmeinthethreeforms:Whatarefacts?Whatareopinions?LiMing,doyouwantatry?Keys:Whattheyheard,saw,didarefacts.Andwhattheybelieveareopinions.6.ReviewingWeoftenusesomeexpressionstoaskforopinions.Whatarethey?Oh,yes.Whatdoyouthinkof…?Doyoubelieve…?Howcanyoubesureof…?Howdoyouknowthat?Andweoftenusesomeexpressionstogiveopinions.Whatarethey?Ok,Tom,Please.Oh,yes.Theyare:Ithink…/Idon’tthink…Idon’tagreethat…/Isupposethat…\n7.DiscussingPleaselookatexercise3,anddiscusswhichpersongavethebestevidence.Usetheexpressionsabovetohelpyou.Beforewediscuss,let’sdealwiththefollowingdiscussion:A.Whatisthebestevidence?B.Howcanweknowwhicheyewitnessismostbelievable?Keys:A.Thebestevidenceisfactualandisgivenbyapersonwhoisbelievable.B.Themostbelievableeyewitnessistheonewhohasnothingtogainfromtellingalie.Welldone.Let’scometothediscussion“Whichpersongavethebestevidence?”Keysforereference:JanHasekislessbelievablebecauseheownsalittlerestaurantnearthemine.Ifthesearchstopped,hisbusinesswouldsuffer.HansBraunisalsolessbelievablebecauseheisworkingforacompanytryingtofindtheshipwhichcarriedthetreasuresintheBalticsea.Ofthethreeeyewitnesses,onlyAnnaPetrovhasnoselfishreasonforsayingwhatshehassaid.Inparticular,sheisnotinvolvedinanycurrentefforttofindthetreasure.Thereforesheisthemostbelievable.8.ReadingandwritingSometimeswemayfallintoorfaceamoralchoice.Thatisamoraldilemma.Let’sreadtheletteronpage7andseewhat’sJohann’schoiceandopinion.Ok,finished?Nowanswerthefollowingquestions:A.What’sJohann’sopinionabouttheAmberRoom?B.What’shisfather’sopinionaboutthethingsfoundbyhim?C.WhathappenedtoJohannwhenshewasapupil?Keys:A.JohannthinksthepeoplewhofindtheAmberRoomshouldkeepitforthemown.B.HisfatherthinksasJohanndoes.C.Shefoundalittlemoneyandkeptittohimself.9.CompletingthelettersA&Bandthengivingyourownletters\n·Whenyouwriteyourletter,youmaychoosetoagreeornotagreewiththewriter.·Youmustgiveareasonwhyyouagreeordon’tagreewiththewriter.·Besuretogiveanexamplefromyourownlifesothatthereadercanbetterunderstandyouropinion.ⅢClosingdownClosingdownbyadebatingThereisalongancientwallaroundalessdevelopedtown.Itisreportedithasalonghistory,datingbacktoover5centuryBC.Thelocalgovernmentiscollectingmoneytorepairandrebuildthewall.Ithascostalotofmoney.Someofyourclassmatesthinkitisnotworth.Somethinkit’sagoodwaytodevelopthelocaleconomy.NowGroup1and2againstGroup3and4.Let’shavethedebating.Closingdownbydictation·Thedesignfortheroomwasofthefancystylepopularinthosedays.·Theroomservedasasmallreceptionhallforimportantvisitors.·Themanwhofoundtherelicsinsistthatitbelongstohisfamily.·Theroomwascompletedthewayshewantedit.·ItwasreadyforthepeopleofSt.Petersburgtocelebratethe300thbirthdayoftheircity.·Afterthat,whatreallyhappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.·Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.·Isitsomethingthatmorethanonepersonbelieves?·Afactisanythingthatcanbeproved.·Anopinioniswhatsomeonebelievesistruebuthasnotbeenproved.PartTwo:TeachingResources(教学资源)Section1:AtextstructureanalysisofINSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOMI.TypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideaTypeofwritingThisisapieceofnarrativewriting.MainideaofthepassageThehistoryoftheAmberRoomGeneralideaof1stParaThesimpledescriptionoftheAmberRoomGeneralideaof2ndParaThepresentsenttotheCzarGeneralideaof3rdParaThedetailaddingandrelocatingoftheAmberRoom\nGeneralideaof4thParaThestolenoftheAmberRoominWorldWarⅡGeneralideaof5thParaTherebuildingoftheAmberRoomII.AtreediagramTheAmberRoom:thebestandbiggestworkofcountry’sbestPrussianartistsPara.1In1770,theAmberRoomredecoratedbyCatherineIIPara.2In1716,theAmberRoomgiventotheCzarasagiftPara.2In1941theAmberRoomstolenbytheNaziGermanarmyPara.4TheoldmissingAmberRoombeingsearchedfor;anewAmberRoomhavingbeenbuiltPara.5Section2:BackgroundinformationonculturerelicsI.Whatisaculturerelic?何谓“文化遗产”?Culturalrelicsarephysicalremindersofwhatdifferentpeoplesvaluedinthepastandcontinuetovaluenow.Withouttheserelics,wecouldnotcherishculturaltraditionsasmuchorappreciatethelivesofthepeoplewhopracticedthosetraditions.Althoughwemaynotoftenconsiderit,culturalrelicsarenotonlythepossessionofoneculture.Inalargersense,itcanbesaidthattheybelongtoallpeoples.Forthesereasons,thisunitdescribesculturalrelicsnotfromChinabutotherplaces.Lookingatitfromanotherangle,itcanalsobesaidthatculturalrelicspreservessomeaspectofculturalheritageandeachrelic,regardlessofwhetherthesamehandscreatedmanyexamplesofit,isstillauniqueculturalexpressionandcontribution.\nII.TheculturalrelicsofChinaintheworldheritagesitelist《世界文化遗产名录》中的30处中国文遗产本单元的主题是“文化遗产”，学生很可能已经亲身接触过当地的文化遗产，或是能过电视、报纸等媒体对此有了一定的了解，因此，在课前教师可让学生列举国内外著名的文化遗产，然后对“文化遗产”给出定义、分类或划分标准。到2004年底，我国已有30处文物古迹和自然景观被联合国科教文组织世界遗产委员会列入《世界遗产名录》，以下是这些文化遗产的名称、性质和列人《世界遗产名录》的年份：◆MountTaishan(泰山)，listedasaworldculturalandnaturalsitein1987.◆TheGreatWall(长城)，culturalsite,1987.◆TheImperialPalaceoftheMingandQingDynastiesinBeijingandShenyang(北京故宫、沈阳故宫)，culturalsite,1987,2004.◆TheMogaoCaves(敦煌莫高窟)，culturalsite,1987.◆TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorandtheTerracottaWarriors(泰始皇陵及兵马俑坑)，culturalsite,1987.◆ThePekingManSiteatZhoukoudian(周口店北京猿人遗址),culturalsite,1987.◆MountHuangshan(黄山),culturalandnaturalsite,1990.◆TheJiuzhaigouValleyScenicandHistoricInterestArea(九寨沟风景名胜区),naturalsite,1992.◆TheHuanglongScenicandHistoricInterestArea(黄龙风景名胜区),naturalsite,1992.◆TheWulingyuanScenicandHistoricInterestArea(武陵源风景名胜区)，naturalsite,1992.◆TheMountainResortanditsOutlineTemple,Chengde(河北承德避暑山庄及周围寺庙),culturalsite,1994.◆TheTempleandCemeterofConfuciusandtheKongFamilyMansioninQufu(曲阜孔府、孔庙、孔林)，culturalsite,1994.◆TheAncientBuildingComplexintheWudangMountains(武当山古建筑群),culturalsite,1994.◆HistoricEnsembleofthePotalaPalace,Lhasa(西藏布达拉宫),culturalsite,1994.\n◆TheLushanNationalPark(庐山)，culturalsite,1996.◆MountEmeiandtheLeshanGiantBuddhaScenicArea(峨眉山一乐山大佛风景名胜区),culturalandnaturalsite.1996.◆TheAncientCityofPingyao(平遥古城),culturalsite,1997.◆TheClassicalGardensofSuzhou(苏州园林),culturalsite,1997.◆TheOldTownofLijiang(丽江古城),culturalsite,1997.◆TheSummerPalace(颐和园),culturalsite,1998.◆TheTempleofheaven：anImperialSacrificialAltarinBeijing(天坛),culturalsite,1998.◆DazuRockCarvings(大足石刻),culturalsite,1999.◆MountWuyi(武夷山),culturalandnaturalsite,1999.◆MountQinchengandtheDujiangyanIrrigationSystem(青城山一都江堰),culturalsite,2000.◆AucientVillagesinSouthernAnhui—XidiandHongcun(安徽古村落一西递、宏村),culturalsite,2000.◆LongmenGrottoes(龙门石窟),culturalsite,2000.◆ImperialTombsoftheMingandQingDynasties(明清皇家陵寝),culturalsite2000.◆YungangGrottoes(云冈石窟),culturalsite,2001.◆ThreeParallelRiversofYunanProtectedAreas,naturalsite(三江并流),2003.◆CapitalcitiesandTombsoftheAncientKoguryoKingdom(高句丽的王城、王陵和贵族墓葬),culturalsite,2004.Section3:WordsandexpressionsfromUnitICulturalRelicsculturaladj.文化的aculturalindependence/culturalexchangerelicn.sth.oldthatremindsusofthepast遗迹；古物unearthedcultural/arelicofearlycivilizationsurvivevt.&vi.tocontinuetolive,esp.aftercomingclosetodeath;tocontinuetoliveafter…\n幸免于；幸存；……之后还活着survivethetrafficaccident/surviveallherchildrenremainvi.1.tostayorbeleftbehindafterothershavegoneorbeenremoved停留；留居；留下Whentheothershadgone,Maryremainedandputbackthefurniture.2.tocontinuetobe(inanunchangedstate)继续；依然remainyoung/remaintobeuncompleted;PeterbecameajudgebutJohnremainedafisherman.Ifyouwon’teatyou’lljusthavetoremainhungry!3.Itremainstobeseen:weshallknowlateron.情况仍未明，要看怎样发展。staten.国家；政府；州；状态stateschools/statedocuments/inapoorstateofhealthlookinto:toexaminethemeaningorcausesof考察，调查lookintothematter/lookintotheeventrareadj.稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的therareairofthemountains/raremetals/ararebookdynastyn.朝代；王朝theQingDynasty/theTudordynastyinEnglandbelongtotobethepropertyof;tobeamemberof;tobeconnectedwith属于；为……的一员;与……有关系belongtoaclub/belongtoaclass/belongtomeinsearchof寻找insearchofthecuretothedisease/insearchofthelostboyambern.adj.琥珀；琥珀制的；琥珀色的theambertrafficlights/adecorationofambergiftn.赠品；礼物；天赋birthdaygifts/giftvouchers/agiftformusicmeltvt.vi.(使)融化；（使）熔化meltthesnow/melttheanger/meltinwaterheatn.vt.热；热度；把……加热；使激动thebodyheat/theheatofadebate/heatsoupforlunchdesignn.aplaninthemind;adrawingorpatternshowinghowsth.istobemade设计；图案vt.toimagineandplanoutinthemind设计；构思curiousindesign/makeadesignforamonument;designanengine/designdressesforaqueen\nfancyadj.奇特的；异样的（无最高级和比较级）vt.想象；设想；爱好afancyprice/fancygoods/fancyhiscoming/fancyherselfstillyoungstylen.风格；风度；类型dothingsinstyle/inthestyleof/outofstyle.jeweln.珠宝；宝石preciousjewels/ajewelnecklaceinreturn(for):inexchange(for);inpayment(for)作为交换；报答；酬谢inreturnforherkindness/inreturnforhisgiltlightvt.vi点火，照亮lightacigarette/lightatorch/lightsb.onhiswaymirrorn.镜子；反映adrivingmirror/lookinthemirror/amirrorofthetimeswondern.奇迹；惊奇thewondersofnature/It’snowonder./inwonderatwar处于交战状态beatwar/havebeenatwarforlongremovevt.totakeaway(fromaplace);takeoff移动;脱掉；除去removetheclothfromthetable/removeone’shat;You’vegottoremoveyourshoesbeforeyouentertheroom.furnituren.家具（总称）muchfurniture/alotoffurniture/asetoffurniture/apieceoffurnituresecretlyadv.秘密地；背地里haveatalksecretly/takeanactionsecretlywoodenadj.木制的awoodenbridge/awoodenchairdoubtn.怀疑；疑惑；vt.怀疑；不信thereisnodoubtaboutsb./sth./nodoubt/…notdoubtthat/…doubtwhethermysteryn.神秘；神秘的事物makeamysteryofmatter/diveintothemysteriesofapart\nadv.分离；分别地milesapart/standapart/keepapartfromtakeapart拆开takeapartthemachine/takesb.aparttrialn.审判；审问；试验holdatrial/trialbyamilitarycourt/givesb.atrialconsidervt.1.tothinkabout;examine考虑；思考I’mconsideringchangingmyjob.We’vedecidedtomoveandareconsideringanewhouseinBeijing.2.toregardas认为Iconsideryouafool.Iconsideritagreathonourtobeherewithyoutoday.ThebossconsideredTom(tobe)toolazytobeagoodworker.3.totakeintoaccount顾及；考虑到；Ifyouconsider(thefact)thatshe’sonlybeenstudyingEnglishayear,shespeaksitverywell.opinionn.意见；看法；判断giveone’sopinion/inone’sopinion/dependonone’sopinionevidencen.根据；证据；证物evidenceforhisguilt/callsb.forevidence/materialevidence/verbalevidenceprovevt.证明；证实vi.原来是；证明是proveitstruth/provesbtobe/beprovedtobepretendvt.假装；装扮pretendtobe/pretendthatthinkhighlyof看重；器重thinkhighlyofhisdeeds/thinkhighlyofhischaractertreasuren.财宝；财富；珍品astoreofhiddentreasure/collectmanytreasuresbesidesadv.inaddition,also此外;而且Idon’twanttogo;besides,I’mtired.Imetsomefriendsandotherpeoplebesides.Idon’tlikethosebluesocks;whathaveyougotbesides?prep.aswellas;inadditionto除……之外Ihaveafewfriendsbesidesyou.TherewerethreeotherspresentatthemeetingbesidesMr.Day.Unit2TheOlympicGamesPartOne:TeachingDesign(第一部分：教学设计)Period1:Alessonplanforreading(ANINTERVIEW)AimsTotalkaboutthehistoryoftheOlympicsgamesToreadaninterviewabouttheOlympicGamesProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbysharing\nMorning,everyone!TodaywearegoingtolearnaboutTHEOLYMPICGAMES.Butfirst,I’dliketoknowhowmuchyouknowabouttheOlympicstobeheldinBeijing.Anythingaboutitisok.Oh,LiLei,doyouwantatry?…Right.YouknowsomuchabouttheOlympics.Toady,we’lllearnmoreaboutitinancientGreece.WarmingupbydescribingNow,boysandgirls.I’llshowyouavideoshowofthe28thOlympicGames.Pleasetellmewhatitisaboutanddescribeittotheclass.Ok,WangLin,pleasedescribeit.Wonderful.That’sLiuXiang.Thehurdleking!WarmingupbydiscussingHi,class.Youknowourcountryistryingherbesttoprepareforthe2008OlympicGames.Everyoneisexpectingandexcitedaboutit.Let’sdiscusswhatwecandoforit.Andimaginewhatwewilldoatthe2008Olympics.II.Pre-reading1.AskingandansweringNow,pleasereadthethreequestionsbeforetheReading.Let’sdoitinturn.Let’sbeginfromthefirstrowhere…ok,youdidagoodjob.Let’ssummarizeyouranswers.Forreference:1.InSummerOlympics,therearerunning,swimming,shooting,wrestling,jumping,football,basketball,volleyball,tabletennis,throwing,Javelin,weightlifting,gymnastics,boxingetc.InwinterOlympics,thereareskiingskating,icehockey,skijumping,sledding,snowboardingetc.2.The29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingonAuguster18th,2008.3.ToholdtheOlympicGamesisarichprizeforacountry.Anditcanmakeacountryknownintheworld.Itcanstimulatethecountry’seconomy,andhelptospeedupitsdevelopment.2.ImagingandintroducingPleaselookatthethreepicturesinthereading.Pleasetalkaboutthem.Imaginewhateveryoucan.Forreference:ThefirstpictureisthestatusofagreatGreek.HisnameisPausanias.HewasafamoustravelerandwriterinthesecondcenturyAD.HisGuidetoGreeceisanextremelycomprehensiveguidebookfortourists,concentratingonbuildings,tombsandstatusandincludingalotofinformationonthemythological,religiousandhistoricalbackgroundtothemonumentsdescribed.ItissoinformativethatitmaybecalledthefoundationofclassicalarchaeologyandthisancientBaedekerisstillusedasaguidetoclassicalGreece.CanyourememberafamousancientChinesetravelerandwriter?Healsowroteabook.Yes,hisnameisXuShake.Hisworks\nisTheNotesofXuShake’stravels.ThesecondpictureistheopeningceremonyoftheOlympicGames.Maybethisistheprinciplestadium.It’slargeandcanholdthousandsofaudience.ThethirdpictureisaChineseathletenamedYangYang.ShewonagoldmedalforChinainthe2002winterOlympicGames.Sheisafamousskatingplayer.3.TalkingandSharingWeknowtherearemanydifferencesandsimilaritiesabouttheancientandmodernOlympics.Doyouknowanythingaboutthem?Youcansimplyguess.Yes,Lucy,try…III.Reading1.ReadingaloudtotherecordingandfindingthegeneralideaNowpleaselistenandreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextANINTERVIEW.Payattentiontothepronunciationandintonationaswellasthepauseswithineachsentence.Thentrytogetthegeneralideaofthepassage.Haveyougotthemainidea?Yes,ittellsusthedifferencesandthesimilaritiesbetweentheancientandmodernOlympics.2.ReadingandactingNowlet’splaythepartsoftheGreekwriterPausaniasandtheChinesegirlLiLi.Nowboys,youarePausanias;girls,youareLiLi.Pleasepayattentiontotheboldwords.3.ReadingandfindingNowreadthetextagain.Theboysshalltrytofinishthetask:WhatwastheancientOlympicslike?Thegirlsshalltrytofinishthetask:WhatisthemodernOlympicslike?4.ReadingandcollectinginformationOk,nowlet’sreaditsilently.Firstlet’stalkaboutthesamepointsbetweentheancientandmodernOlympics.Whocananswer?Anyvolunteers?Thenlet’scometothedifferences.\nThesimilarities①Bothareheldeveryfouryears.②Bothareheldnotformoneybutforhonour.③Thebeliefsarethesame.Theyare:Swifter,Higher,andstronger.④MenareallowedtotakepartbothinancientandmodernOlympics.⑤Someeventsarethesame,suchasrunning,jumping,shootingandthowing.TheDifferences①TherewerenotwinterOlympicsinthepast.②Nowcompetitorsarefromallovertheworld.Butintheancienttime,onlythepeopleinGreececouldtakepart.③Onlymenwereallowedtotakepartinthepast,nowwomanarealsoallowed.④Inthepast,winnersgottheolivewreathastheprize.Nowcompetitorscompeteformedals.⑤Theeventsandathletesinmoderntimearemorethanthoseinthepast.⑥Thereisaspecialvillageforthecompetitorstolivein,astadiumforcompetitions,agymnasiumforthesewhowatchthegamesnow.Buttherewerenotinthepast.)5.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromANINTERVIEWtakepartin…,goldmedals,thespiritof…,beheld,inorderto,hosttheOlympicGames,onamagicaljourney,findout,thepresentdayOlympicGames,usedto,writeabout…,cometoyourtime,beadmittedas…,twosetsof…,enjoycompetingin…,competeagainst…,forthehonourof…,reachthestandard,beadmittedto…,playaveryimportantrole,aswellas,astadiumforcompetitions,asamatteroffact,competefor…,olivewreath,feelproudof…,make…happyⅣClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexerciseToendthelessonyouaretodothecomprehendingexercises1&2.\nClosingdownbydiscussingYouknowourgovernmenthastrieditsbesttocompeteforhostingthe29thOlympicGames.Ithascostalotofmoney.Doyouthinkitisworthwhile?Why?Forreference:ItisworthwhiletohosttheOlympicGames.TohostOlympicGamescanmakeourcountryknowntothewholeworld.TohostOlympicGamescanmakeourcultureandpeopleunderstoodbytheotherpeoples.TohostOlympicGamescanstimulatethedevelopingofoureconomy.ClosingbyimaginingImaginewhatwewilldoandwhatwecandoforthe29thOlympicGamesnow.Forreference:Maybewecanserveasvolunteerstohelptheforeignvisitorsandathletesfromallovertheworld.Soatpresentweshouldstudyhard.EspeciallyweshouldtryourbesttolearnEnglishwell.ClosingdownbynarratingWecanseethetextiswritteninaconversationalstyle.Andtherearetwospeakers.OneisPausanias,aGreekwriter2000yearsago,theotherisLiLi,aChinesegirl.Nowlet’schangeitintoanarrativestyle.Inotherwords,let’sdescribetheancientandmodernOlympicGamesinourownwords.Whowouldliketohaveatry?Forreference:TheancientOlympicGamesbeganinGreeceandwereheldfrom776B.C.toA.D.393.Itwasheldeveryfouryears.Atthattime,therewerenotsomanysportsastoday.Andwomenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegames.TherewerenotWinterOlympicsatthattime.Winnersgottheolivewreathastheprize.Themottowasswifter,higherandstronger.ThemodernOlympicGamesbeganin1891.They’reheldeveryfouryears.TherearemanynewsportsintheOlympics.InthesummerOlympicsthereareover250differentsports.Womenarenotonlyallowedtojoininbutalsoplayaveryimportantrole.Nowthecompetitorscompeteformedals.Themottoisswifter,higherandstronger.ClosingdownbysummarizingAswehavefinishedthepassagewe’llsumupwhatwehavelearned.Firstlet’sseethewritingskills.Itiswritteninaconversationalstyle.It’sinaveryinterestingway.ItadoptsadialoguebetweenPausaniaswholived2000yearsagoandaChinesegirdinmodernworld.Throughtheirdialogue,thedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetweentheancientandmodernOlympicGamesaremadeknowntothereaders.Justbecauseit\nisinaconversationalstyle,therearequiteafeworalspokenEnglishandellipticalphrases.ThroughthecomparisonbetweentheancientandmodernOlympicGames,wehavelearnedthedifferencesandthesimilaritiesbetweenthem.NowwecanhaveadeepunderstandingoftheGames.Fromthepassage,wecanhaveadeepunderstandingoftheGames.Fromthepassage,wecanalsogettoknowthattheOlympicGamesaredevelopingandimproving.It’sourdutytomaketheOlympicGamesbetterandhealthier.Weknowthatoneoftheslogansfor2008BeijingOlympicGamesisGreenOlympicGames.Itshowsthatpeoplearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontoourenvironment.Period2:AlessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(TheFuturePassiveVoice)Aims：TolearnaboutfuturepassivevoiceTodiscoverusefulwordsandexpressionsTolearnthemethodsofwordsformationProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbydictatingThereareseveralimportantsentencesinthisunit.Let’sdictatethem.Ifyoucan’t,learnthembyheartafterclass.①WhenandwherewillthenextOlympicGamesbeheld?②Iliveinwhatyoucall“AncientGreece”and/usedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesmorethan2000yearsago.③Allcountriescantakepartiftheyreachthestandardtobeadmittedtothegames.④ThenextOlympicGameswillbeheldinmyhometown.⑤ItisjustasmuchacompetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinanOlympicmedal.WarmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsTurntopage11anddoexercises1,2,3and5first.Checkyouranswersagainstyourclassmates’.II.Learningaboutwordformation1.Doexercise4anddiscovertherules.Turntopage12andfindouttherulesofwordformation.\nByadding-ingtoaverb,wecanchangetheverbintoanoun.Thatmeanswecanchange“doingsomesport”into“thenameofthesport”.Byadding-ertoaverb,wecanchangetheverbintoanoun.Thatmeanswecanchange“doingsomesport”into“thepersonwhodoesthesport”.2.Meansofword-formationingeneralAffixation,conversion,andcomposition(orcompounding)arethechiefmeansofword-formationinEnglish.Besidesthese,therearealsootherminorwaysofword-formationincludingclipping,acronymy,blendingetc.III.LearningaboutPresentFuturePassiveVoiceTurntopage13anddoexercise3.Andtelltheclasstheformationofpresentfuturepassivevoice.Forreference:Welldone,class.Wecanfollowthefollowingformlationtoturnthefuturetensesintofuturepassivevoice;begoingtobedone,beabouttobedone,betobedone,will/shallbedone,would/shouldbedone.ⅣClosingdownbysummarizing1.Presentfuturepassivevoice(take“ask”forexample)AffirmativeNegativeInterrogativeIYouHe/she/itwillbeaskedWewill(shall)You/TheywillIYouHe/she/itwillnotbeaskedWewill(shall)notYou/TheywillnotWill(shall)IWillyouWillhe/she/itbeaskedWill(shall)weWillyou/they2.ThepassiveVoiceofphrasalverbGenerallyspeaking,onlytransitiveverbscanformthepassivevoice,foronlytransitiveverbscanbefollowedbyobjects.Butmanyintransitiveverbstogetherwithsomeprepositionsandadverbscanbeusedastransitiveverbs.Sotheycanalsobefollowedbytheobjects.Thereforetheycanalsobeusedinpassivevoice.Butnotethatallthephrasalverbsareusedasawhole.Whenusingtheminpassivevoice,wecannotdrop\nouttheprepositionsandadverbs.Forexamples:Atlasttheyputoutthefire.Atlastthefirewasputout.Theywillputupanoticeonthewall.Anoticewillbeputuponthewall.Haveyousentforadoctor?Hasthedoctorbeensentfor?Ihaveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore.Wemusttakegoodcareofthechildrenhere.Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareofhere.Hisclassmateslaughedathimforthefoolishmistake.Hewaslaughedatforthefoolishmistakebyhisclassmates.Period3:AlessonplanforusinglanguageAims:ToreadabouttheancientOlympicGamesTolistenandtalkabouthobbiesTowriteabouthobbiesProcedures1.WarmingupWarmingupbyintroducingHi!Class.YouknowGreeceistheworld-knowncountrywithanancientcivilization.Ithasalonghistorywithsomuchmarvelousculture.TheGreekshadwonderfulstoriesabouttheGodsandGoddnesseswhowerepartoftheirreligion.Theybelievedthatthesegodorgoddesseswouldhelphumansiftheyfeltsorryforthemorifthehumansweregoodpeople.However,theGodsdidnotalwayshelp.Theybehavedlikepeoplewhowereunpredictableandcapricious.TotrytogetthesupportoftheGodspeoplehadtopraytothemandofferthempresent.InthisstorytheGoddessHera,thewifeofthechiefGod,ZeuswassorryforHippomenesandagreedtohelphim.WarmingupbysharingNow,boysandgirls.IsthereanybodywhocantellussomeGreekmythology.Youknowtheyaresofamousinhumanhistory.OrcanyouspeakoutsomenamesofGreekGodsandGoddesses.Prometeus普罗米修斯——asonoftheformerchiefGodSphinx斯芬克斯——abeingwithahumanfacebutalionbodyPandora潘多拉——abeautifulgirlwitheveryillandevilthoughtanddeedZeus宙斯——thechiefGodwhogovernedtheworldHera天后——thewifeofZeuswhogovernedthelove\nⅡ.Guidedreading1.ReadingandjudgingReadthetextTHESTORYOFATLANTA,andcompletetheTrueorFalseguestionsafterthetextonpage14.2.ReadingandansweringReadthetextagain,andanswerthefollowingquestions.A.WhatwasAtlanta’sproblem?B.WhatwereAtlanta’srules?C.WhatwasHippomenes’amazement?D.WhatmadeHippomeneschangehismind?E.WhomdidHippomenesturntoforhelp?F.Canyouguesswhatwastheending?Forreference:A.AtlantacouldrunfasterthananymeninGreece.ButshewasnotallowedtorunintheOlympicGames.B.Shepromisedtobemarriedtoamanwhocouldrunfasterthanher.Ifhecouldnotrunasfastasher,hewouldbekilled.C.Hipppomenescouldnotunderstandwhysomanyyoungmenwantedtorisktheirlives.D.Atlanta’sbeautymadehimunderstandhisamazementandchangehismind.E.HeturnedtotheGoddessofloveforhelp.F.Hippomeneswaskilledbecauseoflosinghisrace.G.HeranfasterthanAtlantaandmarriedher.3.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromTHESTORYOFATLANAbeallowedto,runagainst…,willbepardoned,hearof…,beamazed,asfastas…,changeone’smind,ask…forhelpfrom…,promiseto,willberelaxed,pickup,beconfidentabout…,shareone’spain,runpast…,competewith…,cheaptomarry4.Listening\nForlisteningturntopage15andbereadytodoexercises1.Firstreadthequestionscarefullyandimaginewhatisthelisteningabout.Whendoingexercise2,youmustmakeclearwhatiswrongwiththesentence.Andtelltheclasswhichiscorrect,whichiswrongandwhichisonlyhalftrue.5.ActingNextwearegoingtoputthetextASTORYOFATLANTAonstage.Youknowtherearefourcharactorsinthestory.Whowouldliketobethem?WhowillbeAlanta’sfather,theoldking?WhowillbetheGoddessofLove?Ok.LiLi,youaretheGreekprincess.ZhangQiang,youarethebraveyoungmanHippomenes.Lucy,youaretheGoddessofLove.ZhouGang,youaretheprincess’sfather.Therestofclass,pleaseprepareitingroupsoffour.Thenactyourplaybeforeclass.AtextplayofTHESTORYOFATIANTATime:onemorninginspringPlace:atthepalacePeople:theoldking(K),theprincess(A),theyoungman(H),theGoddessoflove(L).F:Mydeardaughter,youseehowbeautifulthespringis!Youarejustlikethespringflowers.Whydon’tyoumarry?Somanyyoungkingsandprincesswanttomarryyou,andtheyareallsorich,smartandnice.A:Oh,dearfather.IhavepromisedthatIwillonlybemarriedtoamanwhocanrunfasterthanme.Iwillrunagainsthim.Ifhecannotrunasfastasme,hewillbekilled.Noonewillbepardoned.F:But,mydeardaughter.Nomanhaswonyou.Theyallsentthemselvestodeath.Whenwillyougetmarried?A:Iwon’tmarryunlessIamallowedtorunintheOlympicGames.(Hippomenesisallowedtocomein)H:Oh,mykindestkingandmyprettiestprincess!I’llmarrytheprincess.I’llcompetewithyou.A:Doyouknowtherules?H:Yes,princess!F:Oh,youngman!Goaway!Youcan’twinher.Youareonlylosingyourlife!\nH:No,Iwantatry!F:Foolishthing!Goaway!Don’tgotodie!(Hippomeneswaspushedawayandfeltsad,crying.TheGoddessofLoveiswatchingeverythingabovehimintheskyandpitieshim)L:Oh,youngman,what’sthematter?Whyareyousosad?H:Oh,myGoddess,canyouhelpme?Canyouhelpmetowintheprincessandmarryher?L:Ok,youngman.Doyoureallywanttomarryherandloveher?H:Ofcourse.Sheissobeautiful.L:Ok,itiseasy.Takethesethreegoldenapples.ThrowapplesinfrontofAtlantawhensheisrunningpastandshewillberelaxed.Whenshestopstopickitup,youwillbeabletorunonandwin.H:Oh,thankyou,myGoddess!(Hippomenesreturnstothepalace)K:Well,youngman,whyareyouhereagain?H:Mykindestking.Iwanttomarryherandrunagainsther!K:Well,youngman.Irepeat.Don’tbesilly!Goaway!H:No.Iloveher.Iwillmarryher－ordie!6.SpeakingNow,class.Let’scarryoutasurveyoftheinterestsintheclassandwritedownthenamesoftheclassmateswhohavethesameinterests.Youcancarryoutthetasklikethis.Whichdoyoulike,sport,musicorcollection?Whichofthesportsdoyoulikebest?Whatisyourfavoritesport?Areyouinterestedintabletennis?Afterthesurvey,theoneswhohavethesameinterestssittogetherandpleaseworkingroupsoffourtotalkabouttheirinterest.Whydoyoulikethissport/music/collection?Whendoyoubegintolikeit?What’senjoyableaboutthehobby?Whathaveyoulearnedfromthehobby?III.Guidedwriting1.Writinganimagineddialogue\nGroups1and2aregoingtowriteanimagineddialoguebetweentheprincessandHippomenes.Youmaybeginlikethis:Oh,mydearprincess,Iwanttomarryyou…2.WritingadescriptionTurntopage16andfollowthedirectiontowriteadescriptionofyourfavoritehobby.Hereisanexample:Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Ilikeitbecauseitcanbringmemuchfun.Theprocessoflearningswimmingisveryinteresting.Youcantrydifferentwaysofswimming,suchasbreaststrokeandbackstroke.Youcanswimatanytimeoftheyearifyoulike.Inhotsummer,ifyoujumpintotheriverortheseatohaveaswim,you’llfeelcoolandcomfortable.Evenincoldwinter,youcanswimifyouarebraveenough.It’sahealthysportanditcanbuildupyourbody.Ifyouareabeginner,youmustbecareful.You’llbetternotswimaloneandbringlifebuoywithyouincaseofdanger.Ifyouwanttobeagoodswimmer,youmusthavealotofpracticeandhavegreatdetermination.IV.ClosingdownbyfindinginformationGotothelibrarytoreadorgetonlinetosearchinordertofindmoreinformationontheOlympicGamesandtheancientGreekmythology.TakenotesofyourfindingandreporttoyourgroupmatesnextMondaymorning.PartTwo:TeachingResourcesSection1:ThewritingstyleofthereadingANINTERVIEWTypeofwritingConversationalstyleMainideaComparingthedifferencesbetweenAncientandModernOlympicsCharacteristicsBycomparingandcontrastingSection2:BackgroundinformationontheOlympicGamesI.EventsoftheModenOlympicGamesArchery,Baseball,Badminton,Basketball,Beach,Volleyball,Boxing,Canoe/Kayak,Cycling,Diving,Equestrian,Fencing,FieldHockey,Gymnastics,Handball,Judo,ModernPentathlon,Rowing,Sailing,Shooting,Soccer,Softball,Swimming,SynchronizedSwimming,TableTennis,Tennis,Taekwondo,Track&Field,Triathlon,Volleyball,WaterPolo,Weightlifting,WrestlingII.OlympicTraditionsTheOlympicAnthemTheOlympicanthemwaswrittenbytheGreeknationalpoetCostisPalamasandcomposedbyGreek\nmusicianSplrosSamaras.Itwasfirstsungatthe1896Games.TheIOCadopteditastheofficialOlympicanthemtocrownolympicceremoniesatthe1958IOCSessioninTokyo.TheOlympicMottoTheOlympicmotto“swifter,higher,stronger”comesfromthreeLatinwords”citus,altius,fortius”,whichactuallymean”faster,higher,braver”.TheFrencheducator,BaronRerredeCoubertin,whorevivedtheancientOlympicGamesandin1896ledthefirstmodern01ympicGamesinAthens,borrowedthephrasefromaDominicanpriestHenriDinon.Mr.Dinonintroducedthesewordswhilepresentingathleticprizesatacollegein1891.ButhowdidthesewordsbecomethemottooftheOlympicGames?ItwasMichelBrealwhointroducedthisphraseattheclosingdinnerofthecongressforthereestablishmentofthemodernOlympicGamesonJune23,1894.Later,theInternationalOlympicCommitteeformallyadoptedthisphraseastheofficialmottooftheGames.TheOlympicCreedTheOlympiccreedwasalsointroducedatthe1896Games.AsstatedbyPierredeCoubertin,thecreedisasfollows:”ThemostimportantthingintheOlympicGamesisnottowinbuttotakepart,justasthemostimportantthinginlifeisnotthetriumphbutthestruggle.Theessentialthingisnottohaveconqueredbuttohavefoughtwell.”TheOlympicFlagItwasPierredeCoubertinwhoconceivedtheideaoftheOlympicflagwithfivecolouredinterlockingringsonawhitebackround.TheringsrepresenttheunionofthefivecontinentsandthemeetingoftheathletesfromallaroundtheworldattheOlympicGames.Today,almostacenturyaftertheflag’screation,thesixcolours,thoseoftherings(blue,yellow,black,green,red)andthatofthewhitebackgroundwhichstandsforpeace,stillmaintaintheirsymbolismandcanbefoundinflagsacrosstheworld.TheOlympicflagwasfirstusedduringtheAntwerpGamesin1920.TheOlympicOath“Inthenameofallthecompetitors,IpromisethatweshalltakepartintheseOlympicGames,respectingandabidingbytheruleswhichgovernthem,inthetruespiritofsportsmanship,forthegloryofsportandthehonourofourteams.”AttheopeningCeremonyofeachGames,oneathletefromthehostcountrytakesOlympicoathonbehalfofallcompetingathletes.Thisparticulargestureofsports-manshipwasintroducedatthe1920GamesinAntwerp,Belgium.AcoachorteamofficialtakesasimilaroathateachOpeningCeremony.TheOlympicFlame\nTheOlympicflameisoneofthemostvisiblesymbolsofthemodernGames.ItstraditionhassurvivedfromtheGamesofancientGreece,whereasacredflame,ignitedbythesun,burnedcontinuallyonthealtarofthegoddessHera.ThemodernOlympicflamewasfirstlitin1928attheAmsterdamOlympicGames,whereitburnedthroughoutthecompetitions.IthasbecomeamajorsymbolforsolidarityamongnationsandembodiestheOlympicspiritencompassingtheidealsofpurity,theendeavourforperfection,thestruggleforvictory,friendshipandpeace.TheTorchRelayDuringthe1896GamesinAthens,younginspiredsportsmenhadorganisedthefirsttorchrelays.However,thetraditionoftheOlympictorchofficiallybeganattheBerlinGamesin1936.Asinancienttimes,thetorchislitbythesuninAncientOlympia,thenpassedfromrunnertorunnerinarelaytothehostcity,whereitisusedtolighttheOlympicStadium’sflameduringtheGames’OpeningCeremony.TheflamethenburnsuntilitisextinguishedattheClosingCeremony.Section3:Wordsandexpressionsfromunit2THEOLYMPICGAMEShonestadj.  1.notdisposedtocheatordefraud;notdeceptiveorfraudulent:honestlawyers2.markedbytruth:givehonestanswers3.withoutpretensions:workedatanhonesttrade4.withoutdissimulation;frank:myhonestopinion5.habituallyspeakingthetruth:anhonestman6.worthyofbeingdependedon:anhonestworkingstaff7.freefromguile:Hisanswerwassimpleandhonestancientadj.  1.veryold:anancientmariner2.inoroftimeslongago:ancientRomeandGreece3.havingexistedsinceaveryearlytime:ancienthistory/customscompetev.  totrytowinsth.incompetitionwithsomeoneelse:Johncompetedforaplaceattheirschool,butdidn’tgetit.competeforsomething;engageinacontest;measureoneselfagainstothersmedaln.  anawardforwinningachampionshiporcommemoratingsomeothereventhostn.amanwhoreceivesguests:Heactedashosttohisfather’sfriends.Chinaisthehostcountryfor2008OlympicGames.v.  bethehostoforfor:Wehosted4coupleslastnight.magical\nadj.  possessingorusingorcharacteristicoforappropriatetosupernaturalpowers:amagicalspellinterviewn.  1.thequestioningofaperson(oraconversationinwhichinformationiselicited);oftenconductedbyjournalists:Myinterviewswithteen-agersrevealedaweakeningofreligiousbonds.2.aconference(usuallywithsomeoneimportant)v.  1.conductaninterviewintelevision,newspaper,andradioreporting2.discussformallywith(somebody)forthepurposeofanevaluation:Weinterviewedthejobcandidates.3.goforaninterviewinthehopeofbeinghired:Thejobcandidateinterviewedeverywhere.athleten.  apersontrainedtocompeteinsportsadmitv.  1.allowparticipationinortherighttobepartof;permittoexercisetherights,functions,andresponsibilitiesof:admitsomeonetotheprofession2.allowtoenter;grantentryto:Wecannotadmitnon-membersintoourclub.3.serveasameansofentrance:Thisticketwilladmitoneadulttotheshow.4.giveaccessorentranceto:TheFrenchdoorsadmitontotheyard.5.affordpossibilitye:Thisproblemadmitsofnosolution.6.declaretobetrueoradmittheexistenceorrealityortruthof:Headmittedhiserrors.7.admitintoagrouporcommunity:We’llhavetovoteonwhetherornottoadmitanewmember.8.haveroomfor;holdwithoutcrowding:Thetheateradmits300people.replacev.  1.putsomethingbackwhereitbelongs:Replacethebookontheshelfafteryouhavefinishedreadingit.2.substituteapersonorthingfor(anotherthatisbrokenorinefficientorlostornolongerworkingoryieldingwhatisexpected):Hereplacedtheoldrazorblade.3.putintheplaceofanother;switchseeminglyequivalentitems:TheconartistreplacedtheoriginalwithafakeRembrandt.4.taketheplaceormoveintothepositionof:SmithreplacedMillerasCEOafterMillerleft.relatev.  1.haveorestablisharelationshipto:Sherelateswelltoherpeers.2.beinarelationshipwith:Howarethesetwoobservationsrelated?3.giveanaccountof:Thewitnessrelatedtheevents.4.havetodowithorberelevantto5.makealogicalorcausalconnection:Icannotrelatetheseeventsatall.sailn.  1.alargepieceoffabric(ascanvas)bymeansofwhichwindisusedtopropelasailingvessel2.anoceantriptakenforpleasurev.  1.traverseortravelbyshipon(abodyofwater):WesailedtheAtlantic2.travelinaboatpropelledbywind:Ilovesailing,especiallyontheopensea.3.travelbyboatonaboat\npropelledbywindorbyothermeans:TheQE2willsailtoSouthamptontomorrow.4.movewithsweeping,effortless,glidingmotions:Shredsofpapersailedthroughtheair.advertisev.  1.callattentionto:Pleasedon’tadvertisethefactthathehasAIDS.2.makepublicityfor;trytosell(aproduct)promisen.  1.groundsforfeelinghopefulaboutthefuture:Thereislittleornopromisethathewillrecover.2.averbalcommitmentbyonepersontoanotheragreeingtodo(ornottodo)somethinginthefuturev.  1.givegroundsforexpectations:Theresultspromisedfameandglory.2.makeapromiseorcommitment3.promisetoundertakeorgive:Ipromiseyoumybesteffort.4.makeapredictionabout;tellinadvanceUnit3ComputerPartOne:TeachingDesign(第一部分：教学设计)Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(WHOAMI?)AimsTotalkaboutcomputerToreadaboutcomputerProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbytalkingaboutcomputerLookatthepicturesonpage17.Whatarethey?Whatdotheyhaveincommon?\nYes,theyarecomputers.Thenwhatisacomputer?Acomputerisamachinewhichstoresknowledgeinitsmemoryanddoescalculationsonthatknowledge.Thisknowledgeisstoredinsymbols;itiscalleddata.Acomputerusuallyhasamonitortoshowresults.However,somecomputerscanspeak;thesecomputerscanbeusedforvoicemail.计算机室Acomputerfrequentlyrequiresabootdevice.Thebootdevicecontainsthecomputer’soperatingsystemanddata.Computerprogramscanbeinstalledontoacomputer.SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersarelessusefuliftheydonothaveaccesstotheInternet.TheythinkthisbecausetheInternetallowsthecomputerstosendandreceivedataandemailacrosstheworld.曙光3000巨型计算机Acomputerisnowalmostalwaysanelectronicdevice.Itusuallycontainsmaterialswhicharetoxic;thesematerialswillbecometoxicwastewhendisposedof.Whenanewcomputerispurchasedinsomeplaces,lawsrequirethatthecostofitswastemanagementmustalsobepaidfor.Thisiscalledproductstewardship.Insomecountriesoldcomputersarerecycled(melteddown)togetgoldandothermetals.Thisisdangerous,becausethisprocedurereleasesthetoxicwasteintothewaterandsoil.Computersbecomeobsoletequickly.Veryoftentheyaregivenawayandnewonesreplacethemwithintwoorthreeyears.Thismakestheproblemworse.Computerrecyclingisthuscommon.Manyprojectstrytosendworkingcomputerstodevelopingnationssotheycanbere-usedandwillnotbecomewasteasquickly.\nComputerjargon计算机行话Computerjargonmeanswordstodowithcomputersandsurroundingtopics.Knowingwhatthesewordsmeancanhelpyouknowmoreaboutcomputers.Somepeopleusethesewordstoimpressotherpeople(Alsoknownasbuzzwords).Examplesofjargon:Bit-Thesmallestdataunit,caneitherbea“0.”ora“1.”.Byte-unitofdata.SeealsoKilobyte,Megabyte,GigabyteandNibbleCPU–CentralProcessingUnit,AnothernameforprocessorData-InformationstoredonacomputerDisk-Aplacetostoredata.Email-Electronicmail.GHz-Gigahertz.Usedoftenincorrectlytodescribethespeedofaprocessor.Butwithsome2.4GHzprocessorsfasterthan3.6GHzones,itisclearthatitisjustasalesmantrick.Load-GetdatafromadiskNibble-HalfaByteSave-PutdataonadiskRAM–random-accessmemory(随机存取存储器),themorethebetter.USB-UniversalSerialBus（通用串行总线，一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座）WWW-WorldWideWeb,partoftheInternetII.Pre-reading1.QuestioningandansweringWhatdoyouknowaboutcomputer?●Electronicmachinecapableofperformingcalculationsandothermanipulationsofvarioustypesofdata,underthecontrolofastoredsetofinstructions.Themachineitselfisthehardware;theinstructionsaretheprogramorsoftware.Dependinguponsize,computersarecalledmainframes,minicomputers,andmicrocomputers.Microcomputersincludedesk-topandportablepersonalcomputers.●Amulti-functionelectronicdevicethatcanexecuteinstructionstoperformatask.●Adevicethatacceptsinformation,processesit,andsuppliesanoutput.A\ncomputerusuallycontainsmemory,acontrolunit,arithmeticandlogicalunits,andameansforinputandoutput.●aprogrammablehardwarecomponentthatiscontrolledbyinternallystoredprogramsandthatcanperformsubstantialcomputations(includingarithmeticandlogicoperations)withouthumanintervention.Acomputertypicallyconsistsofoneormoreprocessingunits,memoryunits,andassociatedperipheralinputandoutputdevices.●Relatedtoautomationandelectronicdataprocessing.TheLibraryofCongresscommonlyclassesmostcomputer-relatedbooksinHF5548,QA75-76,Z52,T385,andsomeTKranges.●amachineforperformingcalculationsautomaticallycalculator:anexpertatcalculation(oratoperatingcalculatingmachines)●Acomputerisadeviceormachineformakingcalculationsorcontrollingoperationsthatareexpressibleinnumericalorlogicalterms.Computersareconstructedfromcomponentsthatperformsimplewell-definedfunctions.Thecomplexinteractionsofthesecomponentsendowcomputerswiththeabilitytoprocessinformation.Ifcorrectlyconfigured(usuallyby,programming)acomputercanbemadetorepresentsomeaspectofaproblemorpartofasystem.Ifacomputerconfiguredinthiswayisgive2.DiscussingandsharingHowhavecomputerschangedourlives?Somedaysoon,ifyouhaven’talready,you’relikelytoplugintothecomputernetworknationgrowinginourmidst.Computerterminals,orsmallcomputersconnectedviamodem(amodulator/demodulatorcircuitforencoding/decodingcomputerchatter)toordinarytelephonelines,shouldbeasubiquitousasthetelephoneitself.They’reamuchmoreusefulandhumanetoolthanthephone,andwithcorporateAmericabehindthemthenetworkswillbeeverywhere----changingourlivesmorethananytechnologysincetheautomobile.Joiningacomputernetworkisthesameasjoiningacommunity.Smallsystemsarelikevillages,wherenewmembersareformallywelcomed.Thelargernetworks,theSourceandCompuServe,forexample,arecities-anonymous,fulloflifeandevents,butdifficulttofitinto.\nIII.Reading1.ListeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?Turntopage18andlistenandreadtotherecordingofthetext.Payattentiontothepauses,pronunciationandintonationofthenativereader.2.ReadingaloudandunderliningexpressionsNowwearetoreadthetextonceagainandunderlinealltheexpressionsinthetext.Putthemdownintoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromWHOAMI?beginas…,acalculatingmachine,bebuiltas…,followinstructionsfrom…,soundsimple,atthetime,atechnologicalrevolution,writeabook,make…work,solveproblems,becomehuge,hadartificialintelligence,gobackto…,thesizeof…,goby,changesize,becomesmallandthin,getquick,standtherebyoneself,beconnectedby…,shareinformationby…,talkto…,bring…into…,dealwith…,communicatewith…,servethehumanrace3.Reading,identifyingandsettlingAttention,please!Itistimetoskimthetextonemoretimeandidentifythedifficultsentences.Tryanalyzingthestructuresofthedifficultsentencesanddiscussthemamongyourgroupmembers.Youmayalsoputyourquestionstomeforhelp.Chat（online）（在线）聊天Tochatistotalkaboutordinarythingsthatarenotveryimportant.Youcanchattoonepersonortomanypeople.PeoplealsousethiswordnowforpartsoftheInternetwherewecantalkwithmanydifferentpeopleatthesametime.Usually,youchatontheinternetinachatroomormessagingservicelikeAOL(AmericanOn-Line)InstantMessenger(AIM),YahooMessenger,orMSNMessenger.4.Readingandtransferring\nScanthetextforinformationtocompletethetablebelow,describingthedevelopmentofcomputer.In1642In1822In1936In1960sIn1970sIV.ClosingdownbydoingcomprehendingexercisesTurntopage18andinpairsdothecomprehendingexercisesNo.1and2.Period2:AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice)AimsTolearntouseThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceTodiscoverusefulwordsandexpressionTodiscoverusefulstructuresProceduresI.WarmingupbyreadingtothetapeTobeginwith,turntopage18,listeningtoandreadingtotherecordingofthetextWHOAMI?Attentiongoestothepausesandintonation,aswellasthepronunciationofthereader.\nII.DiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsInpairsdotheexercises1,2and3onpages19and20.Youmustfinishthemin10minutes.III.Learningaboutgrammar1.PassiveVoice—OverviewTenseorModelPassiveSentenceSimplePresentTheTOEFLexamisgiveneverysixmonths.SimplepastTheTOEFLexamwasgivenlastmonth.SimpleFutureTheTOEFLexamthisyearwillbegivenonOctober15.PresentContinuousTheTOEFLexamisbeinggiveneveryyear.PresentperfectTheTOEFLexamhasbeengiveneveryyearsince1950.PastperfectTheTOEFLexamhadbeengivenbeforetheVietnamWaroccurred.SimpleModalTheTOEFLexamshouldbegiventoeveryForeignstudent.PastModalTheTOEFLexamshouldhavebeengiventoalltoenterUScolleges.2.ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceThestructureofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceis:have/has＋been＋~edIV.ReadingaloudanddiscoveringNowgobacktopage18toreadaloudanddiscoverinthetextexamplesofThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice.Astheyearshavegoneby,Ihavebeenmadesmallerandsmaller.Sincethen,myfamilyandIhavebeenusedbybillionsofpeopletodealwithinformationwitheachotheraroundtheworldbytheInternet.V.DiscoveringusefulstructureWeshalldogrammarexercises1,2and3onpage20.VI.ClosingdownbydoingaquizCorrectthemistakesinthesepassivevoicesentences\nExample:Thehousewasbuildin1880.(correct=Thehousewasbuiltin1880.)1.3000employeeswerelayingoff.2.Astorywillmadeup.3.Anideawasputtedforwardfordiscussion.4.Hasthebookbeengivebacktoyouyet?5.Mybankloanwillbepayedoffinfiveyearstime.6.Nothingcanbeholdagainstme.7.Ourallieswillbelendsupport.8.Shehasneverheardof.9.Shewasbeingknockeddownbyabus.10.Shewaslettedoffwithafine.11.Thecandlewasblowoutbythedraught.12.Thecriminalwerelockedup.13.Thefloodwaterwasbekeptbackbybarriers.14.Theinconveniencewillmadeupforbythismoney.15.Thekeysmusthavebeenbeingleftbehind.16.Theoldcinemaisbeingpulldown.17.Theprotestersbeingheldbackbythepolice.18.Theroadwasblockingoff.19.Thirtymorepeoplewerelaidofflastweek.20.Yourjacketcanbehangedupoverthere.Period3:AsamplelessonplanforUsingLanguage(ANDY—THEANDROID)AimsTodiscussaboutITTowriteareportaboutITToreadaboutandroidsorrobots\nProceduresI.WarmingupbytalkingaboutITWhatisInformationtechnology?Informationtechnology(IT)orinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)isthetechnologyrequiredforinformationprocessing.Inparticulartheuseofelectroniccomputersandcomputersoftwaretoconvert,store,protect,process,transmit,andretrieveinformationfromanywhere,anytime.II.ListeningandwritingTurntopage21.LookatthepicturesandlistentoaconversationaboutdifferentkindsofinformationtechnologyorIT,discussandwritedowningroupstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachkind.III.SpeakingandwritingSupposeyouandyourpartneraregoingtohelpchoosecomputersforyourschool.Nowtalkaboutthespecialthingseachofthecomputercandoandwriteareporttoyourheadmaster.IV.Reading,underliningandspeakingItissaidthatcomputerscouldbeputintoandroidsorrobots.ReadthetextAndy—TheAndroid,underliningalltheexpressionsandthinkofthefunyoucouldhave!ExpressionsfromAndy—TheAndroidpartofafootballteam,onceayear,gettogether,playafootballgame,beas…as…,infat,looklike…,onthefootballteam,runfast,thinklikeahuman,shoutto…,incomputerlanguage,haveagoodshotforagoal,getsecondplace,winthefirstplace,haveanewkindofprogram,improve\none’sintelligence,createabettersystem,playagainstahumanteam,inaway,program…with…,makeup…,afterall,withthehelpof…V.WritingaletterSupposeyouareanandroid.Whatwouldsaytoaspoiledchildwhowouldnotdohishomework?Writealettertotheboy.AndroidAnandroidisanartificiallycreatedbeingthatresemblesahumanbeing.ThewordderivesfromGreekAndr-‘man,human’andthesuffix-eidesusedtomean‘ofthespecies,kind,alike’(fromeidos‘species’).Theworddroid,arobotintheStarWarsuniverse,isderivedfromthismeaning.Somepeoplemaintainthat,etymologically,thewordandroidmeansresemblingamalehumanandthatarobotresemblingawomanshouldlogicallybecalledagynoidforsexistlanguagetobeavoided;however,thiswordisnotcommonlyused.Unlikethetermsrobot(amechanicalbeing)andcyborg(abeingthatispartlyorganicandpartlymechanical),thewordandroidhasbeenusedinliteratureandothermediatodenoteseveraldifferentkindsofman-made,autonomouscreations:arobotthatcloselyresemblesahumanacyborgthatcloselyresemblesahumananartificiallycreated,yetprimarilyorganic,beingthatcloselyresemblesahumanAlthoughessentiallyhumanmorphologyisnottheidealformforworkingrobots,thefascinationindevelopingrobotsthatcanmimicitcanbefoundhistoricallyintheassimilationoftwoconcepts:simulacra(devicesthatexhibitlikeness)andautomata(devicesthathaveindependence).ThetermandroidwasfirstusedbytheFrenchauthorMathiasVilliersdel'Isle-Adam(1838-1889)inhisworkTomorrow’sEve,featuringaman-madehuman-likerobotnamedHadaly.Assaidbytheofficerinthestory,“InthisageofRealienadvancement,whoknowswhatgoesoninthemindofthoseresponsibleforthesemechanicaldolls.”\nPartTwo:TeachingResources(第二部分：教学资源)Section1:AtextstructureanalysisofWHOAMI?I.TypeofwritingandsummaryofWHOAMI?TypeofwritingThisisapieceofnarrativewriting.MainideaofthepassageBeginningasjustacalculatingmachinein1642inFrance,thecomputerhasbeenexperiencingimprovementagainandoveragainover300yearsormore,whichhasnotonlymadeitmorebeautifulandintelligentbutalsochangedman’slifeagreatdeal!Topicsentenceof1stparagraphIbeganasacalculatingmachinein1642inFrance.Topicsentenceof2ndparagraphNoonecouldrecognizemeafterIgotmynewtransistorsinthe1960s.II.Achainofeventsshowingthedevelopmentofcomputeracalculatingmachinein1642inFrance→anAnalyticalMachinein1822→a“universalmachine.”in1936→thesizeofalargeroom→madesmallerandsmaller→gettingnewtransistorsin1960s→cleverandquicker→anetworkintheearly1960s→talkingtohumansusingBASICintheearly1960s→broughtintopeople’shomesin1970s→InternetIII.AretoldversionofthetextWHOAMI?I,thecomputer,wasacalculatingmachinein1642inFrance.ThenIwasbuiltasanAnalyticalMachinein1822,whichwasatechnologicalrevolution.Ibecamea“universalmachine”in1936tosolveanymathematicalproblem.IwasnotverybigatfirstthenIbecamehuge,thesizeofalargeroombeforeIwasmadesmallerandsmaller.Gettingnewtransistorsin1960sIbecamecleverandquicker.Iwasconnectedwithothercomputersandturnedouttopartofanetworkintheearly1960s.ThenIbegantalkingtohumansusingBASICintheearly1960s.In1970sIwasbroughtintopeople’shomes,andcametheInternet.\nSection2:BackgroundinformationcomputersI.HowDoComputersWork?ComputerBasicsToaccomplishataskusingacomputer,youneedacombinationofhardware,software,andinput.Hardwareconsistsofdevices,likethecomputeritself,themonitor,keyboard,printer,mouseandspeakers.Insideyourcomputertherearemorebitsofhardware,includingthemotherboard,whereyouwouldfindthemainprocessingchipsthatmakeupthecentralprocessingunit(CPU).Thehardwareprocessesthecommandsitreceivesfromthesoftware,andperformstasksorcalculations.Softwareisthenamegiventotheprogramsthatyouinstallonthecomputertoperformcertaintypesofactivities.Thereisoperatingsystemsoftware,suchastheAppleOSforaMacintosh,orWindows95orWindows98foraPC.Thereisalsoapplicationsoftware,likethegamesweplayorthetoolsweusetocomposelettersordomathproblems.Youprovidetheinput.Whenyoutypeacommandorclickonanicon,youaretellingthecomputerwhattodo.Thatiscalledinput.HowTheyWorkTogetherFirst,youprovideinputwhenyouturnonthecomputer.ThenthesystemsoftwaretellstheCPUtostartupcertainprogramsandtoturnonsomehardwaredevicessothattheyarereadyformoreinputfromyou.Thiswholeprocessiscalledbootingup.Thenextstephappenswhenyouchooseaprogramyouwanttouse.Youclickontheiconorenteracommandtostarttheprogram.Let’susetheexampleofanInternetbrowser.Oncetheprogramhasstarted,itisreadyforyourinstructions.Youeitherenteranaddress(calledaURL,whichstandsforUniformResourceLocator),orclickonanaddressyou’vesavedalready.Ineithercase,thecomputernowknowswhatyou\nwantittodo.Thebrowsersoftwarethengoesouttofindthataddress,startingupotherhardwaredevices,suchasamodem,whenitneedsthem.Ifitisabletofindthecorrectaddress,thebrowserwillthentellyourcomputertosendtheinformationfromthewebpageoverthephonewireorcabletoyourcomputer.Eventually,youseethewebsiteyouwerelookingfor.Ifyoudecideyouwanttoprintthepage,youclickontheprintericon.Again,youhaveprovidedinputtotellthecomputerwhattodo.Thebrowsersoftwaredetermineswhetheryouhaveaprinterattachedtoyourcomputer,andwhetheritisturnedon.Itmayremindyoutoturnontheprinter,thensendtheinformationaboutthewebpagefromyourcomputeroverthecabletotheprinter,whereitisprintedout.II.TelevisionOldportabletelevisionAtelevision(alsoTVortelly)isadevice(tool)withascreenthatreceivesbroadcastsignalsandturnsthemintopicturesandsound.Theword“television”comesfromthewordstele(Greekforfaraway)andvision(seeing).UsuallyaTVlookslikeabox.OlderTVshadlargewoodenframesandsatonthefloorlikefurniture.NewerTVsbecamesmallersotheycouldfitonshelves,orevenportablesoyoucouldtakeitwithyouwhereveryouwent.ThesmallestTVscanfitinyourhand.ThelargestTVscantakeupawholewallinyourhouse,andmaysitonthefloor,orbejustalargeflatscreenthatcanbemountedonthewall.ManyTVsarenowmadeinwidescreenshapelikemovietheatrescreens,ratherthanold,moresquareTVs.Atelevisionhasanantenna(oraerial),orithasacable.Thisgetsthesignalfromtheair,orcableprovider.TVscanalsoshowmoviesfromDVDplayersorVCRs.TVscanbeconnectedtocomputersandgameconsoles,usuallythroughakindofsocketcalled“SCART”.III.WeborWorldWideWebTheWorldWideWebisthepartoftheInternetthatcontainswebsitesandwebpages.ItisnotusedtodescribeWebPagesthatareusedofflinewherenetservicesarenotavailable,ornocomputernetworkexists-suchasWikipediaonCD.Inthiscasenorealphysicalsiteexistsotherthantheplacewherethecomputeris.BlogandWikicapabilitieswillalsonotbeavailablebecausetheserequireacommunicationwithothercomputers.IV.Radio\nRadioisacommunicationsinvention.Thoughoriginallyusedtocommunicatebetweentwopeople,itisnowusedtolistentomusic,news,andpeopletalking.RadioshowswerethepredecessortoTVprograms.V.DVDDVDmostcommonlystandsfor“digitalversatiledisk”.ItcanplayvideothatisofahigherqualitythanaVHStape.VI.TwokindsofDVDTheycanalsohold4.7GBofinformationasopposedtothe700MBthataCDcanhold.AplusofusingaDVDforavideoistheabilitytohaveinteractivemenusandbonusfeaturessuchasdeletedscenesandcommentaries.VII.EmailEmail(electronicmail)isamessage,usuallytext,sentfromoneInternetusertoanother.Emailisquickerthansnailmail(mail)whensendingoverlongdistancesandisusuallyfree.Tosendorreceiveanemail,acomputerwithamodemandtelephonelineconnectedtotheInternet,andanemailprogramarerequired.Emailaddressesaregenerallyformatedlikethis:login@server.(comorfrororgorukorother).Somecompaniesletyousendandreceiveemailforfreefromawebsite.Gmail,HotmailandYahoo!dothis.VIII.HumanHerearetwohumans.Amanisontheleftandawomanisontheright.Ahumanorhumanbeingisaperson,likeyou.Amalehumanisaman,afemalehumanisawoman.Ifyouthinkaboutallhumansinthewholeworld,theyarecalledhumanity.Inthepast,peoplehavealsousedmanandmankindtomeanallhumans.HumansarecalledHomosapiensbyscientists.Humansareananimalspeciesthatbelongstothegroupcalledprimates.Monkeysareprimatestoo,buttheprimatesmostlikepeoplearegorillasandchimpanzees.Mostscientiststhinkthatchimpanzeesandhumanscamefromacommonancestorbywhatiscalledevolution.Otheranimalsevenmorelikehumansthanchimpanzeesoncelivedtoo,buttheyarenowextinct.\nHumanrightsarethosethingsthateveryonedeservesandthewaytheyshouldbetreatedbyotherpeople.Section3:WordsandexpressionsfromUnit3Computerscommonn.  1.anareaofgrasslandwithnofenceswhichallpeoplearefreetouseorapieceofopenlandforrecreationaluseinanurbanarea(常用于专有名词中):EverySaturdayJeanwentridingonthevillagecommon.HarlowCommonisverybeautifulinwinter.哈洛公园在冬天时风景很美。2.incommon:insharedpossession3.outofcommon:unusualadj.  1.oforassociatedwiththegreatmassesofpeople:Thecommonpeopleinthosedayssufferedgreatly.2.tobeexpected;standard:commondecency.3.commontoorsharedbytwoormoreparties:commonfriend.4.ofnospecialdistinctionorquality;widelyknownorcommonlyencountered;averageorordinaryorusual:thecommonman.5.belongingtoorparticipatedinbyacommunityasawhole;public:forthecommongood.6.commonlyencountered:acommon(orfamiliar)complaint.7.beingorcharacteristicoforappropriatetoeverydaylanguage:commonparlance.8.lackingrefinementorcultivationortaste:behaviorthatbrandedhimascommon.9.ofloworinferiorqualityorvalue:produced...thecommonclothsusedbythepoorerpopulation.simplen.  1.anyherbaceousplanthavingmedicinalproperties2.apersonlackingintelligenceorcommonsenseadj.  1.notelaborateinstyle;unornamented:asimplecountryschoolhouse.2.(botany)ofleafshapes;ofleaveshavingnodivisionsorsubdivisions3.havingfewparts;notcomplexorcomplicatedorinvolved:asimpleproblem.4.easyandnotinvolvedorcomplicated:asimplegame.)5.lackingmentalcapacityanddevoidofsubtlety6.exhibitingchildlikesimplicityandcredulity:simplecourtesy.technologyn.  1.thepracticalapplicationofsciencetocommerceorindustry2.thedisciplinedealingwiththeartorscienceofapplyingscientificknowledgetopracticalproblemsuniversaln.  couplingthatconnectstworotatingshaftsallowingfreedomofmovementinalldirections:Inmotorvehiclesauniversaljointallowsthedriveshafttomoveupanddownasthevehiclepassesoverbumps.)adj.  ofworldwidescopeorapplicability:universalexperience.mathematicaladj.  1.statisticallypossiblethoughhighlyimprobable:haveamathematicalchanceofmakingtheplayoffs.2.beyondquestion:amathematicalcertainty.3.oforpertainingtoorofthenatureofmathematics:\namathematicaltextbook.4.characterizedbytheexactnessorprecisionofmathematics:mathematicalprecision.5.relatingtoorhavingabilitytothinkinorworkwithnumbers:amathematicalwhiz.artificialadj.  1.contrivedbyartratherthannature:artificialflowers.2.notarisingfromnaturalgrowthorcharacterizedbyvitalprocesses3.artificiallyformal:Herhusbandhatedtheartificialhumility.disagreev.  1.bedifferentfromoneanother2.beofdifferentopinions:Shedisagreeswithherhusbandonmanyquestions.disadvantagen.  thequalityofhavinganinferiororlessfavorablepositionv.  putatadisadvantage;hinder,harm:Thisruleclearlydisadvantagesme.choicen.  1.theactofchoosingorselecting:Yourchoiceofcolorswasunfortunate.)2.oneofanumberofthingsfromwhichonlyonecanbechosen:Myonlychoiceistorefuse.adj.  1.ofsuperiorgrade:choicewines.2.appealingtorefinedtaste:choicewine.materialn.  1.thingsneededfordoingormakingsomething:writingmaterials.2.information(dataorideasorobservations)thatcanbeusedorreworkedintoafinishedform:Thearchivesprovidedrichmaterialforadefinitivebiography.)3.apersonjudgedsuitableforadmissionoremployment:Hewasuniversitymaterial.4.thetangiblesubstancethatgoesintothemakeupofaphysicalobject:Coalisahardblackmaterial.5.artifactmadebyweavingorfeltingorknittingorcrochetingnaturalorsyntheticfibers:Shemeasuredoffenoughmaterialforadress.adj.  1.directlyrelevanttoamatterespeciallyalawcase:Hissupportmadeamaterialdifference.2.concernedwithoraffectingphysicalasdistinctfromintellectualorpsychologicalwell-being:materialneeds.3.concernedwithworldlyratherthanspiritualinterests:materialpossessions.4.derivedfromorcomposedofmatter:Thematerialuniverse.5.havingsubstanceorcapableofbeingtreatedasfact;notimaginarymaten.  1.thepartnerofananimal(especiallyasexualpartner):Helovedthemareandallhermates.2.afellowmemberofateam:Itwashisfirststartagainsthisformerteammates.createv.  1.investwithanewtitle,office,orrank:Createoneapeer.2.createbyartisticmeans:Createapoem.\n3.bringintoexistence:Thecompanywascreated25yearsago.4.makeorcausetobeortobecome:createafuror.moven.  1.theactofdecidingtodosomething:Hedidn’tmakeamovetohelp.2.theactofchangingyourresidenceorplaceofbusiness:Theysaythatthreemovesequalonefire.3.theactofchanginglocationfromoneplacetoanother:Themovementofpeoplefromthefarmstothecities.4.achangeofpositionthatdoesnotentailachangeoflocation:Movementisasignoflife.v.  1.disposeofbyselling:Thechairmanofthecompanytoldthesalesmentomovethecomputers.2.liveone’slifeinaspecifiedenvironment:Shemovesincertaincirclesonly.3.goorproceedfromonepointtoanother:Thedebatemovedfromfamilyvaluestotheeconomy.4.arousesympathyorcompassionin:Herfatemovedusall.5.movesoastochangeposition,performanontranslationalmotion:Hemovedhishandslightlytotheright.6.causetomove,bothinaconcreteandinanabstractsense:Movethoseboxesintothecorner,please.7.changeresidence,affiliation,orplaceofemployment:WemovedfromIdahotoNebraska.8.performanaction,orworkoutorperform(anaction):Wemustmovequickly.9.changelocation;move,travel,orproceed:Thesoldiersmovedtowardsthecityinanattempttotakeitbeforenightfell.10.giveanincentiveforaction:Thismovedmetosacrificemycareer.brainn.  1.partofthecentralnervoussystemthatincludesallthehighernervouscenters;enclosedwithintheskull;continuouswiththespinalcord2.mentalability:He’sgotplentyofbrainsbutnocommonsense.spoiln.  1.theactofstrippingandtakingbyforce2.theactofspoilingsomethingbycausingdamagetoit:Herspoilingmydresswasdeliberate.3.(usuallyplural)valuablestakenbyviolence(especiallyinwar):Tothevictorbelongthespoilsoftheenemy.v.  1.becomeunfitforconsumptionoruse:Themeatmustbeeatenbeforeitspoils.2.haveastrongdesireorurgetodosomething:Heisspoilingforafight.mopn.  cleaningimplementconsistingofabsorbentmaterialfastenedtoahandle;forcleaningfloorsv.  1.makeasadfaceandthrustoutone’slowerlip:Mopandmow.)2.towashorwipewithorasifwithamop:Mopthehallwaynow.wanderv.  1.goviaanindirectrouteoratnosetpace:Afterdinner,wewanderedintotown.2.moveaboutaimlesslyorwithoutanydestination,ofteninsearchoffoodoremployment:ThewanderingJew.3.lose\nclarityorturnasideespeciallyfromthemainsubjectofattentionorcourseofargumentinwriting,thinking,orspeaking:Hermindwanders.4.besexuallyunfaithfultoone’spartnerinmarriage:Mightherhusbandbewandering?5.tomoveorcausetomoveinasinuous,spiral,orcircularcourse:Sometimes,thegoutwandersthroughtheentirebody.Unit4WildlifeprotectionPartOne:TeachingDesign(第一部分：教学设计)Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(HOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFE)AimsTotalkaboutendangeredspeciesToreadaboutwildlifeprotectionProceduresI.WarmingupbylearningaboutanimalsLookatthephotosbelowandlistentometellingyouabouttheanimals,theendangeredanimals.TheGiantPandaisamammalnowusuallyclassifiedinthebearfamily,Ursidae,thatisnativetocentralChina.TheGiantPandalivesinmountainousregions,likeSichuanandTibet.TheGiantPandaisthesymboloftheWorldWildlifeFund(WWF),aconservationorganization.Towardthelatterhalfofthe20thcentury,thepandaalsobecamesomewhatofanationalemblemforChina,andisnowusedinChinesegoldcoins.GiantPandasareanendangeredspecies,threatenedbycontinuedlossofhabitatandbyaverylowbirthrate,\nbothinthewildandincaptivity.About1,600arebelievedtosurviveinthewild.MiludeerisaChinesedeer.Ithasalongtail,widehooves,andbranchedantlers.AnotherChinesenameforitis“fourunlikes,.”becausetheanimalswereseenashavingthehornsofastag,theneckofacamel,thefootofacow,andthetailofanass.TheseanimalswerefirstmadeknowntoWesternscienceinthe19thcentury,byFatherArmandDavid,aFrenchmissionaryworkinginChina.Atthetime,theonlysurvivingherdwasinapreservebelongingtotheChineseemperor.ThelastherdofMiludeersthatremainedinChinawereeatenbyWesternandJapanesetroopsthatwerepresentatthetimeoftheBoxerRebellion.Thesedeerarenowfoundinzoosaroundtheworld,andaherdofMiludeerwasreintroducedtoDafengReserve,Chinainthelate1980s.Theyareclassifiedas“criticallyendangered.”inthewild,butdonotappeartohavesufferedfromageneticbottleneckbecauseofsmallpopulationsize.Atigerisalargecatfamousforitsbeautifulfuroforangestripedwithblack.TigersliveinAsiaandarebecomingveryrare.Thisisduetopeoplehuntingthemfortheirfuranddestroyingtheforeststheylivein.II.Pre-reading1．DefiningwildlifeWhatdoestheworldwildlifemean?Thetermwildlifereferstolivingorganismsthatarenotinanywayartificialordomesticatedandwhichexistinnaturalhabitats.Wildlifecanrefertoflora(plants)butmorecommonlyreferstofauna(animals).Needlesstosay,wildlifeisaverygeneraltermforlifeinvariousecosystems.Deserts,rainforests,plains,andotherareas—includingthemostbuilt-upurbansites—allhavedistinctformsofwildlife.Humankindhashistoricallytendedtoseparatecivilizationfromwildlifeinanumberofways;besidestheobviousdifferenceinvocabulary,therearedifferingexpectationsinthelegal,social,andmoralsense.Thishasbeenreasonfordebatethroughoutrecordedhistory.Religionshaveoftendeclaredcertainanimalstobesacred,andinmoderntimesconcernfortheenvironmenthasprovokedactiviststoprotesttheexploitationofwildlifeforhumanbenefitorentertainment.2.ReadingtotherecordingNowturntopage26,listeningandreadingtotherecordingofthetext.Trytokeeppacewiththenativereader,makingyourreadingresemblethatofthereader,inspeed,inintonationandinpronunciation.\n2.ReadingandtransformingNowyouaretoreadthetextforinformationtofillintheform.WhatdidDaisyseewhereshewas?InTibetinChinaZimbabweInthickrainforest3.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadthetextandunderlineallthecollocationsatthesametime.HOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEnotlongago,wakeup,find…byone’sside,aflyingchair,getdressed,putonone’sjeans,flyawayto…,turnaround,withasadface,use…tomake…,kill…for…,take…fromunder…,takeone’spicture,becomeendangered,destroythefarm,takephotos,applyto,hunt…for…,makemoneyfor…,asaresult,inthickrainforest,protect…from…,rub…over…,apowerfuldrug,payattentionto…,take…homeIII.ClosingupbymatchinganimalstofiveriskcategoriesDifferentendangeredspeciesappearondifferentendangeredspecieslists.Andpeoplewhoaretryingtoprotectinganimalusethefollowingfiveriskcategoriestogrouptheunluckyanimal.NowingroupsoffourtrytogroupalltheunluckyanimalsfoundinChina.ListofUnluckyanimalsfoundinChina中国不幸动物分类名录EXTINCT(灭绝动物)-AspeciesformerlyindigenoustoCanadathatnolongerexistsanywhere.EXTIRPATED（根绝动物）-AspeciesnolongerexistinginthewildinCanadabutoccurringelsewhere.ENDANGERED（濒危动物）-AspeciesthreatenedwithimminentextinctionorextirpationthroughoutallorasignificantportionofitsCanadianrange.THREATENED（危急动物）-AspecieslikelytobecomeendangeredinCanadaifthefactorsaffectingitsvulnerabilityarenotreversed.\nVULNERABLE（弱势动物）-Aspeciesparticularlyatriskbecauseoflowordecliningnumbers,smallrangeorforsomeotherreason,butnotathreatenedspecies.Period2:AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(ThePresentProgressivePassiveVoice)AimsTolearnaboutThePresentProgressivePassiveVoiceTodiscoverusefulwordsandexpressionsTodiscoverusefulstructures.ProceduresI.WarmingupbyactingatextplayGoodmorningclass.TobeginwithweshallputourtextHOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEonstage,thatis,toactoutourstory.NowtheclassactingteamwiththeirtextplayofHOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFE!II.Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1.DoingvocabularyexercisesTurntopage28anddothevocabularyexercises1,2and3.Youcansimplywriteyouranswersintheblanksontheverypageof28.2.PlayingagameLet’sgoontoplaythegamedescribedonthetopofthepage29.Thefollowingsentencesaretobepassed\non.▲Plantnativeplantsinyourbackyard.▲Donotdumpweedsinthebush.▲Buildafrogpondinyourbackyard.▲Putyourrubbishinthebin.▲Leaveyourpetsathome.▲Donottakeanythingoutofthepark.▲Encourageyourfriendstokeeppatchesofbushaswildlifehabitats.▲Joinacommunitygroupandoffertodovoluntarywork.▲Findoutaboutconservationactivitieshappeninginyourlocalarea.▲Participateinlocalclean-up,treeplantingandweedcontrolactivities.▲LearnAboutThreatenedSpecies▲Lookoutforwildlife▲Refusetobuyanyrareorendangeredplantoranimalproduct.▲Bealertanddriveslowlyatdawnandduskinruralareaswherewildlifemaybeactive.III.StudyingThePresentprogressivePassiveVoice1.PassiveVoiceThepassivevoiceisusedwhenfocusingonthepersonorthingaffectedbyanaction.ThePassiveisformed:PassiveSubject+ToBe+PastParticipleItisoftenusedinbusinessandinotherareaswheretheobjectoftheactionismoreimportantthanthosewhoperformtheaction.ForExample:Wehaveproducedover20differentmodelsinthepasttwoyears.Changesto:Over20differentmodelshavebeenproducedinthepasttwoyears.Iftheagent(theperformeroftheaction)isimportant,use“by.”ForExample:TimWilsonwroteTheFlighttoBrunnswickin1987.TheFlighttoBrunnswickwaswrittenin1987byTimWilson.Onlyverbsthattakeanobjectcanbeusedinthepassive.Thefollowingchartincludessentenceschangedfromtheactivetothepassiveintheprincipaltenses.ActivePassiveTimeReferenceTheymakeFordsinCologne.FordsaremadeinCologne.PresentSimple\nSusaniscookingdinner.DinnerisbeingcookedbySusanPresentContinuousJamesJoycewroteDubliners.DublinerswaswrittenbyJamesJoyces.PastSimpleTheywerepaintingthehousewhenIarrived.ThehousewasbeingpaintedwhenIarrived.PastContinuousTheyhaveproducedover20modelsinthepasttwoyears.Over20modelshavebeenproducedinthepasttwoyears.PresentPerfectTheyaregoingtobuildanewfactoryinPortland.AnewfactoryisgoingtobebuiltinPortland.FutureIntentionwithGoingtoIwillfinishittomorrow.Itwillbefinishedtomorrow.FutureSimple2.PassiveVerbFormationThepassiveformsofaverbarecreatedbycombiningaformofthe“tobeverb.”withthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Otherhelpingverbsarealsosometimespresent:“Themeasurecouldhavebeenkilledincommittee.”Thepassivecanbeused,also,invarioustenses.Let’stakealookatthepassiveformsof“design.”TenseSubjectAuxiliaryPastParticipleSingularPluralPresentThecar/carsisaredesigned.PresentperfectThecar/carshasbeenhavebeendesigned.PastThecar/carswasweredesigned.PastperfectThecar/carshadbeenhadbeendesigned.FutureThecar/carswillbewillbedesigned.FutureperfectThecar/carswillhavebeenwillhavebeendesigned.PresentprogressiveThecar/carsisbeingarebeingdesigned.PastprogressiveThecar/carswasbeingwerebeingdesigned.\nIV.ReadingandidentifyingSinceyouareclearaboutPassiveVerbFormation,gobacktopage26andscanthetextforalltheexamplesofThePresentProgressivePassiveVoice.Ourfurisbeingusedtomakesweaterslikeyours.Shewasbeingwatchedbyanexcitedelephant.…NowtrytoputthefollowingsentencesintoThePresentProgressivePassiveVoice.▲Theyareproducingthisnewdrug.▲Antelopeislookingather.▲Theyarekillingusforthewool.▲Theyaredestroyingthefarm.V.DiscoveringusefulstructuresToconsolidateyourlearningofThePresentProgressivePassiveVoice,turntopage29anddothegrammarexercises1,2and3,alsoontheverypageof29.VI.ClosingdownbyplayingagameToendthisperiodgotopage29andplaythegamecalled“Tellmewhatishappening?”AskquestionscontainingThePresentProgressivePassiveVoice.Period3:AsamplelessonplanforUsingLanguage(ABOUTDINOSAURS)AimsToreadandlistenaboutdinosaursTospeakabouthelpingthedodoTowritetothedodoProceduresI.WarmingupbyreadingtothetapeLet’swarmupbyreadingaloudtotherecordingofthetext\nABOUTDINOSAURSonpage30.II.ListeningaboutDINOSAURSNowI’dliketotellyousomethingaboutDINOSAURS■InformationaboutDinosaurDinosaurmeansterriblelizardinLatin.Theywerecalledthatbecausepeopleusedtothinkdinosaurswerelizards,buttheywerenot.Dinosaursfirstappearedabout200millionyearsago.65millionyearsago,manykindsofdinosaursbecameextinct.Birdsareaspecialtypeofdinosaurandtheyweretheonlykindtoliveuntiltoday.Thereweremanykindsofdinosaurs.Someateplantsandsomeatemeat.Thelargestdinosaurswereplant-eaterslikeapatosaurusandbrachiosaurus.Theywerethelargestanimalstoeverwalkondryland.Otherplant-eatershadspecialweaponstohelpthemfightoffthemeat-eaters.Forexample,triceratopshadthreehornsonitsface,ankylosauruswascoveredinboneyplates,andstegosaurushadspikesonitstail.Themeat-eatersallranaroundontheirbacklegslikepeopledo.Somewereverylarge,liketyrannosaurus,andsomeweresmall,likecompsognathus.Itwasthesmallersizedmeat-eatersthatevolvedintobirds.Oneofthefirstbirdswasarchaeopteryx,butitlookedhalflikeadinosaur.Therewerelargeflyingreptilesthatlivedatthesametimeasdinosaurscalledpterosaurs,buttheywerenotcloselyrelatedtodinosaurs.Therewerealsomanykindsoflargereptilesthatcouldswim,likeichthyosaursandpleisiosaurs,buttheyweren’tcloselyrelatedtodinosaurseither.III.ReadingandcopyingNextweshallgobacktothetextABOUTDINOSAURSonpage30againtoreaditandcopydownalltheexpressionsintoyournotebook.UsefulphrasesfromABOUTDINOSAURSDuringthehistoryoftheearth,liveontheearth,tensofmillionsofyearsago,cameintobeing,eggsoffivespecies,ararenewspecies,abird-likedinosaur,climbtree,tell…from…,dieout,hittheearth,put…intotheair,gethot,liveon,knowforsure,inthesameway,listentothestoryabout…,\ndisappearfrom…IV.ReadingtoanswerquestionsReadthequestionsinthetablebelowandscanthetexttoanswerthem.Whendiddinosaursliveonearth?Whendiddinosaursdieout?Howdiddinosaursdieout?V.ListeningaboutthedodoHaveyoueverheardofthedodo,ananimalthathasalsodisappearedfromtheearth?TheMauritiusDodo(Raphuscucullatus,calledDidusineptusbyLinnaeus),morecommonlyjustDodo,wasametre-highflightlessbirdoftheislandofMauritius.TheDodo,whichisnowextinct,livedonfruitandnestedontheground.Nextwearegoingtolistentothetapeanddoexercises1and2onpage30ondodo.VI.SpeakinginpairsabouthelpingthedodoZhaoYannan:TheDodowasdriventoextinctionbysailorswhentheydiscoveredtheislandofMaritiusinthe17thcentury.Itisoneofthefirstdocumentedhumaninducedextinctions.ZhaoYanfei:Whatapitythatwecannotfindanydodonow.Imaginewearewiththedodo,Yannan,whatcouldwedotohelpit?ZhaoYannan:ThenIwouldintendtohideitinacave,sothatsailorscouldnotfindit.ZhaoYanfei:IfIwerethere,Iwouldtrytotrapthemastheywerecatchingandkillingthedodo.Puttingmanwhoisharmfultothedodoinacageandattackinghimisthebestwaytoprotectandsavethedodo.ZhaoYannan:I’dliketoandI’mreadyto,teachmanhowtobefriendswithanimals,includingthedodo.Themanandthedodocanbelivingsidebysideontheearth.Theycanbehappytogether.ZhaoYanfei:IwouldrathernottellyouwhatIthinkofman.Heisselfishandcruel.Hecaresonlyforhimselfandthatiswhysomanyanimalshavedisappearedfromthisearth.Puttingthebadmeninacageistheonlywayout,Iamsure.VII.ClosingdownbywritingtothedodoAllrightnow,boysandgirls,toendthisperiodnextyouaretowritealetteroranemailtothedodotellinghimwhatyouaregoingtodotosavehim.\nBy1681,thelastdododied,andthespeciesbecameextinct.Afterhundredsofyears,noonerecalledwhatadodobirdwas,anditwasregardedasamythinventedbyimaginativesailors.Itwasn’tuntilthe1900’swhentheboneswerefoundthatthedodowasbelievedtobereal.Today,thedodobirdisasymboloftheharmhumanscanbringtootherlivingthingsifweareirresponsible.PartTwo:TeachingResources(第二部分：教学资源)Section1:AtextstructureanalysisofHOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEI.TypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideaHOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFETypeofwritingThisisapieceofnarrativewriting.MainideaofthepassageDaisywentbyflyingchairtoTibet,Zimbabweandacertainthickrainforesttovisitendangeredanimals,whichmadeherknowalotaboutsomedestructiveaswellasprotectionbehaviorsthatpeoplehaddonetowildlife.Ideaof1stparagraphDaisyarrivedinTibettoseeasadantelopetolearnthatinthreeyearstheymayallbegone.Ideaof2ndand3rdparagraphsDaisycametoZimbabwetoseeanexcitedelephantandlearnedthathisfamilywasbeingprotectedbyman.Ideaof4thparagraphDaisylandedinathickrainforesttofindaclevermonkeyandlearnedthatnorainforest,noanimalsandnodrugs.Ideaof5thparagraphDaisyreturnedhomelearningsomuchaboutwildlife.II.Atextplay（课本剧）ofHOWDAISYLEARNEDTOHELPWILDLIFEDaisy:(waking)Whoareyou?Whyareyouhereinmybedroom?Chair:Excuseme.IamthefamousFlyingChair.Daisy:Whatareyouherefor?Chair:Iamheretotakeyouonatrip.Wherewouldyougo?Daisy:I’dliketoseeanimalsthatgavefurstomakethissweaterofmine.Chair:Duringthehistoryoftheearththerehavelivedontheearthmany,manykindsofanimals.Butmany\nhavedisappearedbecauseofvariousreasons.Daisy:Yes,youareright.Ilearnedfrombooksthattensofmillionsofyearsago,ararenewspeciesofdinosaur,abird-likedinosaur,cameintobeing.Itcouldclimbtreesandwasverylovely.Thenitdiedoutbecausesomethinghittheearthsuddenly,puttingmuchdustintotheair.Sotheearthgottoohotfortheanimaltoliveon.Chair:Butnooneknowsforsurewhatcausedallthoseancientanimalstodieout,disappearingfromtheearthforever.Daisy:Ishallgetdressedandputonmyjeansandsweatersoon.Thenlet’sflyawaytoTibetChinatoseetheantelopes.Chair:HereweareinTibet!Turnaround.Thereisaantelopetherewithasadface.Antelope:Hello,friends.Welcometomyhome.Youtwolooksofriendly,unlikethosewhocametokillustouseourfursmakesweaters.Daisy:SweatersliketheoneIamwearing?Oh,Iamterriblysorry.Antelope:Thebadmencameingroupstokillmyfamilymembersforthewool.Theytookitfromunderourstomach.Chair:Ishalltakeapictureofyouandtheantelope,tobeshowntoalltheworldpeople.Daisy:ComeAntelope!Let’shaveapicturetakentogether.WeshallbeofftoZimbabwetooseeelephantsthere.Chair:Hereweare.Thisisanationalparkforanimals.Peoplecametoseethemandhelpwiththem.Daisy:Look,therecomesanexcitedelephant.Hello,dearElephant!Whyareyousoexcited?Elephant:Weareallexcitedbecausethingshavechangedalothere.Chair:Why?Whathappened?Elephant:Webecameendangeredyearsago.Peoplecametodestroythefarmandkillusfortrunks.Theyareactuallyourlongteeth.Daisy:Ihaveheardofthat.Theytakeyourteethandmakethemintoartwork.Chair:Manisreallyselfishanddisgusting.ButDaisyisanicegirl.Nowlet’shaveapicturetakentogether.Elephant:Thosebadmenusedtocomeandkillus.Butnowarewellprotectedbythegovernmentandthegoodpeople.Wearehappynow.Daisy:Good-bye,Elephant!Chair:Takecare,Daisy.Weshallhurrytoourlaststop,thethickrainforestin\nSouthAmerica.Daisy:Wow!Looktotheright.Alovelymothermonkeyisthere.Sheseemstoberubbingherself.Hi,MonkeyMother!Whatareyoudoing?Monkey:Iamrubbingamillipedeinsectovermybodytoprotectmyselffromthemosquitoes.Daisy:Howintelligentyouare!Monkey:Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes.Therearelotsofplantsandlittleanimalsintherainforestherewhichcanbehelpfultoman.Daisy:Isthatso?Iamgoingtotakephotosofallthoseusefulplantsandanimals.Iwillshowthephotostomyclassmatessothattheyunderstandyoulovelyanimalsandtheforestbetter.Iwillapplytobeallowedtoworkheretohelpyougetabetterlivingintheforest.Monkey:Thankyousomuch!Someunfriendlypeoplecametocatchus,toputusinthezoointhecity.Wemonkeyspreferlivingintheforest.Daisy:Good-bye,Monkey!IwillreportwhatIlearnedonthistriptoWWF.Iwillinviteallmyschoolmatestojoinusintheprotectingproject.Thefutureistobebrightforbothyoutheanimalsandusthehumanbeings.Seeyou!Section2:BackgroundinformationonwildlifeprotectionI.中国国家重点保护动物名录■国家一级保护动物最凶猛的雕：金雕1.金雕Aquilachrysaetos2.白鹳Ciconiaciconia3.黑麂Muntyacuscrinifrons4.云豹Neofelisnebulosa5.华南虎Pantheratigris6.豹Pantherapardusfusca7.白颈长尾雉Syrmaticusellioti8.黄腹角雉Tragopancaboti■国家二级保护动物鬣羚：真兽下纲，反刍亚目，有角下目，牛科1.鬣羚Capricornissumatraensis2.豺Cuonalpinus3.金猫Felistemmincki\n4.短尾猴Macacaarctoides2.猕猴Macacamulatta6.穿山甲Manispentadactyla7.黄喉貂Martesflavigula8.斑羚Naemorhedusgoral9.大灵猫Viverrazibetha10.小灵猫Viverriculaindica11.雀鹰Accipiternisus12.赤腹鹰Accipitersoloensis13.苍鹰Accipitergentilis14.鸳鸯Aixgalericulata15.乌雕Aquilaclanga16.白腹山雕Aquilafasciata17.短耳鸮Asioflammeus18.长耳鸮Asiootus19.雕鸮Bubobubo20.灰脸鹰Butasturindicus21.大鵟Buteohemilasius22.毛脚鵟Buteolagopus23.普通鵟Buteobuteo24.红脚隼Falcovespertinus25.灰背隼Falcocolumbarius26.游隼Falcoperegrinus27.燕隼Falcosubbuteo28.红隼Falcotinnunculus29.领鸺鹠Glaucidiumbrodiei30.斑头鸺鹠Glaucidiumcuculoides31.白鹇Lophuranycthemera32.小隼Mrcrohieraxcaerulescens33.鸢Milvusmigrans34.鹰鸮Ninoxscutulata35.小杓鹬Numeniusborealis36.领角鸮Otusbakkamoena37.红角鸮Otusscops38.勺鸡Pucrasiamacrolopla39.蛇雕Spilornischeela40.鹰雕Spizaetusnipalensis41.褐林鸮Strixleptogrammica42.草鸮Tytocapensis43.大鲵Andriasdavidianus44.虎纹蛙Ranatigrina45.拉步甲CarabuslafossaeiII.WhatisWWF?WWF,theglobalconservationorganizationwasoriginallyknownasWorldWildlifeFund.In1986,itchangeditsnametoWorldWideFundForNature(exceptintheUSandCanada)tobetterrepresentthespreadofitswork.ItwasfoundedonSeptember11,1961by,amongothers,thebiologistSirJulianHuxley,PrinceBernhardoftheNetherlands,MaxNicholsonandthenaturalistandpainterSirPeterScottwhodesignedtheoriginalblackandwhitepandalogo.Itisoneoftheworld’slargest\nenvironmentalorganizations,withanetworkofofficesinnearly60countriesandasecretariatinGland,Switzerland.ProbablythemostfamousnameassociatedwithWWFisHRHTheDukeofEdinburgh.TheDukewasthefirstPresidentofWWF-UKfromitsfoundationin1961to1982,InternationalPresidentofWWF(1981-1996),andisnowPresidentEmeritus.WWFisdedicatedtostoppingthedegradationoftheplanet’snaturalenvironmentandbuildingafutureinwhichhumansliveinharmonywithnature,by:▲conservingtheworld’sbiologicaldiversity,▲ensuringthattheuseofrenewablenaturalresourcesissustainable,▲promotingthereductionofpollutionandwastefulconsumption.WWFhasafactual,science-basedapproachtoconservation,whichfocusesonsixpriorityissuesofglobalconcern:forests,oceansandcoasts,freshwater,endangeredspecies,andtheinsidiousthreatsoftoxicchemicalsandclimatechange.Foreachoftheseissues,WWFhasdevelopedmeasurabletargetsandrunsmorethan1,200fieldprojectsaroundtheworldinanyyear.III.AntelopeTheantelopeareagroupofherbivorousAfricananimalsofthefamilyBovidae,distinguishedbyapairofhollowhornsontheirheads.TheseanimalsarespreadrelativelyevenlythroughoutthevarioussubfamiliesofBovidaeandmanyaremorecloselyrelatedtocowsorgoatsthaneachother.Therearemanydifferentspeciesofantelope,ranginginsizefromtinytoverybig.Theytypicallyhavealightandelegantfigure,slender,gracefullimbs,smallclovenhoofs,andashorttail.Antelopehavepowerfulhindquartersandwhenstartledtheyrunwithapeculiarboundingstridethatmakesthemlookasthoughtheyarebouncingovertheterrainlikeagiantrabbit.Somespeciesofantelopecanreachspeedsof60milesperhour(100kilometersperhour),makingthemamongthefastestoflandanimals.IV.ElephantElephantidae(theelephants)istheonlyextantfamilyintheorderProboscidea.Elephantidaehasthreelivingspecies:theSavannahElephantandForestElephant(whichwerecollectivelyknownastheAfricanElephant)andtheAsianElephant(formerlyknownastheIndianElephant).Duringtheperiodoftheiceagethereweremorespecies,whicharenowextinct.Elephantsarethelargestlivinglandmammals.Atbirthitiscommonforanelephantcalfto\nweigh100kg(225pounds).Ittakes20to22monthsforababyelephanttomaturetobirth,thelongestgestationperiodofanylandanimal.Anelephantmayliveaslongas60to70years.ThelargestelephanteverrecordedwasamaleshotinAngolain1974,weighing12000kilogramsor26400pounds.Prehistorichumanbeingshavebeenknowntoeatelephants,asrecentfindingsofanimalremainsincentralChinashow.Theelephantisnowaprotectedanimal,andconsumptionisprohibitedaroundtheworld.V.MonkeyAmonkeyisanymemberoftwoofthethreegroupingsofsimianprimates.ThesetwogroupingsaretheNewWorldandOldWorldmonkeys.Becauseoftheirsimilaritytomonkeys,apessuchaschimpanzeesandgibbonsaresometimesincorrectlycalledmonkeys.Also,afewmonkeyspecieshavetheword“ape.”intheircommonname.Becausetheyarenotasinglecoherentgroup,monkeysdonothaveanyimportantcharacteristicsthattheyallshareandarenotsharedwiththeremaininggroupofsimians,theapes.MonkeysrangeinsizefromthePygmyMarmoset,at10cm(4inch)long(plustail)and120g(4oz)inweighttothemaleMandrill,almost1metre(3ft)longandweighing35kg(75lb).Somearearboreal(livingintrees),someliveonthesavanna;someeatfruit,someeatleaves,andsomeeatinsects;althoughmosthavetails(sometimesprehensile),othersdonot;somehavetrichromaticcolourvisionlikethatofhumans,othersaredichromatsormonochromats.Althoughboththenewandoldworldmonkeys,liketheapes,haveforwardfacingeyes,thefacesofOldWorldandNewWorldmonkeyslookverydifferent.Tounderstandthemonkeys,therefore,itisnecessarytostudythecharacteristicsofthedifferentgroupsindividually.Section3:WordsandexpressionsfromUnit4Wildlifeprotectionenemyn.  1.anyhostilegroupofpeople:Heviewedlawyersastherealenemy.2.anopposingmilitaryforce:Theenemyattackedatdawn.reservev.  1.arrangeforandreserve(somethingforsomeoneelse)inadvance:Reservemeaseatonaflight.2.obtainorarrange(foroneself)inadvance:WemanagedtoreserveatableatMaxim’s.3.giveorassignashareofmoneyortimetoaparticularpersonorcausehuntn.  aninstanceofsearchingforsomething:thehuntforsubmarines.v.  chaseaway,withaswithforce:Theyhuntedtheunwantedimmigrantsoutoftheneighborhood.v.  1.pursueforfoodorsport(asofwildanimals):GoeringoftenhuntedwildboarsinPoland.2.search(anarea)forprey:TheKingusedtohunttheseforests.3.seek,searchfor:Shehuntedforherreadingglassesbutwasunabletolocatethem.4.oscillateaboutadesiredspeed,position,orstatetoanundesirableextent:Theoscillatorhuntsaboutthecorrectfrequency.5.pursueorchaserelentlessly:Thehunterstracedthedeerintothewoods.wild\nn.  awildprimitivestateuntouchedbycivilization:Helivedinthewild.adj.  1.inastateofextremeemotion:wildwithanger.2.producedwithoutbeingplantedorwithouthumanlabor:wildstrawberries.3.inanaturalstate;nottamedordomesticatedorcultivated:wildgeese.4.markedbyextremelackofrestraintorcontrol:wildideas.5.notsubjectedtocontrolorrestraint:Apianoplayedwithawildexuberance-LouisBromfield.6.deviatingwidelyfromanintendedcourse:awildbullet.7.(ofcolorsorsounds)intenselyvividorloud:wildcolors.8.talkingorbehavingirrationally9.locatedinadismalorremotearea;desolate:agodforsakenwildernesscrossroads.10.withoutcivilizinginfluences:wildtribes.adv.  inawildorundomesticatedmanner:growingwild.protectionn.  1.paymentextortedbygangstersonthreatofviolence:Everystoreintheneighborhoodhadtopayhimprotection.2.theactivityofprotectingsomeoneorsomething:Thewitnessesdemandedpoliceprotection.3.theimpositionofdutiesorquotasonimportsinordertoprotectdomesticindustryagainstforeigncompetition:Hemadetradeprotectionaplankinthepartyplatform.4.theconditionofbeingprotected:Theywerehuddledtogetherforprotection.5.defenseagainstfinancialfailure;financialindependence:Insuranceprovidedprotectionagainstlossofwagesduetoillness.6.acoveringthatisintendtoprotectfromdamageorinjury:Theyhadnoprotectionfromthefallout.peacen.  1.atreatytoceasehostilities:PeacecameonNovember11th.2.harmoniousrelations;freedomfromdisputes:Theroommateslivedinpeacetogether.3.thegeneralsecurityofpublicplaces:Hewasarrestedfordisturbingthepeace.applyv.  1.applyoneselfto:Pleaseapplyyourselftoyourhomework.2.bepertinentorrelevantorapplicable:Thesamelawsapplytoyou!3.ask(forsomething):Applyforajob.4.refer(awordorname)toapersonorthing5.giveorconveyphysically6.availoneselfto:Applyaprinciple.7.ensureobservanceoflawsandrules:Applytherulestoeveryone.8.putintoservice;makeworkoremploy(something)foraparticularpurposeorforitsinherentornaturalpurpose:Applyamagneticfieldhere.suggestv.  implyasapossibility:Theevidencesuggestsaneedformoreclarification.rubn.  theactofrubbingorwiping:Hegavethehoodaquickrub.v.  moveoversomethingwithpressure:Rubmyhands.containv.  1.becapableofholdingorcontaining2.bedivisibleby:24contains6.3.includeorcontain;haveasacomponent:Therecordcontainsmanyoldsongsfromthe1930’s.4.containorhold;havewithin:Thiscancontainswater.5.holdback,asofadangeroranenemy;checktheexpansionorinfluenceof:Containtherebelmovement.affectv.  1.haveaneffectupon:Willthenewrulesaffectme?2.connectcloselyandoftenincriminatingly:Thisnewrulingaffectsyourbusiness.3.makebelievewiththeintenttodeceive\nUnit5MusicPartOne:TeachingDesign(第一部分：教学设计)Period1:Asamplelessonplanforreading(THEBANDTHATWASN’T)Aims◆Tolearntotalkaboutkindsofmusic◆Tolearntoreadaboutbands◆TostudyTheAttributiveClause(in/for/with/by＋which/whom)◆Tolearntowriteane-mailProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbydescribingGoodmorning,class.Todaywearegoingtotalkaboutaninterestingtopic---music.Asweknow,musicisakindofartofmakingpleasingcombinationsofsoundsinrhythm,harmonyandcounterpoint.Musiccanproducealivelyandhappyatmosphereandbringpeoplerelaxationafterhardwork,whichcanreducethetiredness.Listeningtomusicalsomakespeoplefeelhappyandnice.Howmanydoyouknowaboutmusic?Canyoutellaboutdifferentkindsofmusic?Nowturntopage33,lookatthepictures,readthecaptionsandlistentothedifferentkindsofmusic.Seeifyoucanguesswhichmusicmatcheswithwhichpicture.WarmingupbydiscussingHi,everyone.Doyoulikemusic?Howmuchdoyouknowaboutmusic?Canyoutellaboutthedifferentkindsofmusic?Pleaseturntopage33.Lookatthepictures.Let’slistentosomemusic.Let’sseeifyoucanguesswhichmusicmatcheswithwhichpicture.ClassicalmusicCountrymusicRock‘n’Roll\nRapOrchestraFolkmusicYes,youareright.I’msureyouwillreallyenjoyyourselvesafterlisteningtoallthesebeautifulmusic.Whatkindofmusicdoyoulikebetter,ChineseorWestern,classicalormodern?Why?Howdoesmusicmakeyoufeel?Whydoyouliketolistentomusic?Let’sdiscussthesequestionsinsmallgroups.Trytoshareyouropinionswithoneanother.II.Pre-reading1.ThinkingandsayingHaveyouheardaboutanyofthefamousbandsintheworld?Listsomeifyoucan.Forreference:I’veheardabout“TheBeatles”,“BackStreetBoys”,“TheEagles”,“Westlife”and“PinkFloyd”.2.Listening,talkingandsharingLet’slistentosomepiecesofmusicfromdifferentbands.Workingroupsoffour.Tellyourgroupmateswhichbandyoulikebest.Why?Thenthegroupleaderistostandupandsharethegroupideawiththeclass.Forreference:IamfromGroup1.Ourgrouplikes“TheBeatles”best.Weliketheirstyleofperformances.Listeningtotheirperformances,wewillfeelrelaxed,amused,andtheirperformancesmakeusthinkalotaboutlife.Doyouknowanythingabout“TheMonkees”?Forreference:“TheMonkees”isabandthatwasfirstpopularinthe1960sinAmerica.Unlikemostbandsofthetime,theMonkeeswerenotformedbyitsmembersbutratherbyTVproducers.TheywereafictionalbandintheTVshowofthesamename.ThebandwascomposedofMikeNesmith,MickeyDolenz,DavyJones,andPeterTork.Allthemembershadsomemusicalexperience.Let’scometothereading---TheBandThatWasn’tandfindmoreaboutthem.III.Reading1.ReadingaloudtotherecordingNowpleaselistenandreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextTHEBANDTHATWASN’T.Payattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Iwillplaythetapetwiceandyoushall\nreadaloudtwice,too.2.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromTHEBANDTHATWASN’Tdreamofdoing,ataconcert,withsb.clappingandenjoying…,singkaraoke,behonestwithoneself,gettoformaband,highschoolstudents,practiceone’smusic,playtopassers-by,inthesubway,earnsomeextramoney,beginasaTVshow,playjokeson…,bebasedlooselyon…,theTVorganizers,makegoodmusic,putanadvertisementinanewspaper,lookforrockmusicians,pretendtodosth.,theattractiveperformances,becopiedby…,supportthemfiercely,becomemoreseriousabout…,playtheirowninstruments,produceone’sownrecords,starttouring,breakup,inthemid-1980s,acelebrationofone’stimeasarealband3.ReadingtoidentifythetopicsentenceofeachparagraphSkimthetextandidentifythetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.Youmayfinditeitheratthebeginning,themiddleortheendoftheparagraph.1stparagraph:Howdopeoplegettoformaband?2ndparagraph:Mostmusiciansmeetandformaband.3rdparagraph:OnebandstartedasaTVshow.4thparagraph:“TheMonkees”becameevenmorepopularthan“TheBeatles”.3.ReadingandtransferringinformationReadthetextagaintocompletethetables,whichlisthowpeopleformedabandandhowTheMonkeeswasformedbytheTVorganizersandbecamearealband.Howdopeoplegettoformaband?MembersHighschoolstudentsReasonsTheyliketowriteandplaymusic.PlacesTheypracticetheirmusicinsomeone’shome.FormsTheymayplaytopassers-byinthestreetorsubway.ResultsTheycanearnsomeextramoney.Theymayalsohaveachancetodreamofbecomingfamous.HowwasTheMonkeesformedandbecamearealband?\nTheMonkeesin1968(lefttoright):MickyDolenz,PeterTork,MikeNesmith&DavyJonesbeginningofthebandItbeganasaTVshow.styleoftheperformanceTheyplayedjokesoneachotheraswellasplayedmusic.firstmusicandjokesMostofthemwerebasedlooselyonthebandcalled“TheBeatles”.developmentofthebandTheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirworkandstartedtoplaytheirowninstrumentsandwritetheirownsongslikearealband.Theyproducedtheirownrecordsandstartedtouringandplayingtheirownmusic.changesofthebandThebandbrokeupinabout1970,butreunitedinthemid-1980s.Theyproducedanewrecordin1996,whichwasacelebrationoftheirtimeasarealband.4.ReadingandunderstandingdifficultsentencesAsyouhavereadthetexttimes,youcansurelytellwhichsentencesaredifficulttounderstand.Nowputyourquestionsconcerningthedifficultpointstome.IV.ClosingdownClosingdownbydoingexercisesToendthelessonyouaretodothecomprehendingexercisesNo.1,2,3and4.ClosingdownbyhavingadiscussionDoyouthinktheTVorganizerswererighttocall“TheMonkees”abandwhentheydidnotsingorwritetheirownsongs?Why?Forreference:Idon’tthinktheTVorganizerswererighttocall“TheMonkees”abandwhen\ntheydidnotsingorwritetheirownsongsbecausesingingandwritingitsownsongswasthebasisofaband.Doyouagreethatthejokesweremoreimportantthanthemusicforthisband?Giveareason.Forreference:Yes.Ithinkitisthejokesthatreallyattractmorefans.No.Ithinkthepurposeofformingabandisgettingpeopletoenjoythespiritofmusic.It’smoreimportantthanplayingjokesjusttomakepeoplelaugh.ClosingdownbyretellingtheformofthebandTheMonkees.Ishallwritesomekeywordsandexpressionsontheboard.Youaretoretelltheformofthebandaccordingtothesewords.Forreference:beginasaTVshow,theTVorganizers,lookfor,putanadvertisementinanewspaper,useactorsfortheothermembersoftheband,pretendtosingPeriod2:AsamplelessonplanforLearningaboutLanguage(TheAttributiveClause(in/for/with/by＋which/whom).AimsTohelpstudentslearnabouttheAttributiveClausewithaprepositioninfront.Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulwordsandexpressions.Tohelpstudentsdiscoverandlearntousesomeusefulstructures.ProceduresI.WarmingupWarmingupbydiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsTurntopage35anddoexercisesNo.1,2and3first.Checkyouranswersagainstyourclassmates’.II.Learningaboutgrammar1.ReadingandthinkingTurntopage34andreadwithmethetextofTHEBANDTHATWASN’t.Asyoureadon,payattentiontoTheAttributiveClause(in/for/with/by＋which/whom),thatis,theattributiveclauseswithapreposition\naheadoftherelativepronounshowninthesentences.Forreference:Themusiciansofwhomthebandwasformedplayedjokesoneachotheraswellasplayedmusic.However,afterayearorsoinwhichtheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirwork,“TheMonkees”startedtoplaytheirowninstrumentsandwritetheirownsongslikearealband.2.DoingexercisesNo.1and2onpage35Turntopage34.Lookatthetwosentences:Themusiciansofwhomthebandwasformedplayedjokesoneachotheraswellasplayedmusic.However,afterayearorsoinwhichtheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirwork,“TheMonkees”startedtoplaytheirowninstrumentsandwritetheirownsongslikearealband.Payattentiontothestructure:preposition+relativepronoun.Usuallyonlytworelativepronouns---whichandwhom---canbeusedintheAttributiveClause,withaprepositionputbeforetheclause.Thatcan’tbeused.Lookatthescreen.Herearemoreexamplesonthiskindofstructure.1.Thisisthereasonforwhichhelefthishometown.(=why)2.I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichwestayedtogether.(=when)3.ThisisthegirlfromwhomIlearnedthenews.4.ThepersontowhomIspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.5.I’llshowyouastoreinwhichyoumaybuyallthatyouneed.(=where)6.Idon’tlikethewayinwhichyoulaughedather.(=that)NowgoontodoExerciseNo.2onpage36,thatis,tosortoutthesentences.III.ReadyusedmaterialsforTheAttributiveClause(in/for/with/by＋which/whom)Informalstylesweoftenputaprepositionbeforetherelativepronounswhichandwhom:·Therateatwhichamaterialheatsupdependsonitschemicalcomposition.·InthenovelbyPeters,onwhichthefilmisbased,themaincharacterisateenager.·AnactorwithwhomGelsonhadpreviouslyworkedcontactedhimabouttherole.·Hermanyfriends,amongwhomIliketobeconsidered,gaveherencouragement.Noticethatafteraprepositionyoucan’tusewhoinplaceofwhom,andyoucan’tusethatorzerorelativepronouneither:·Isitrightthatpoliticiansshouldmakeimportantdecisionswithoutconsultingthepublictowhomtheyareaccountable?(not---thepublictowhotheyareaccountable.)·Thevalleyinwhichthetownliesisheavilypolluted.(not---Thevalleyinthatthetown...)\n·Arnoldtriedtogaugethespeedatwhichtheyweretraveling.(not---thespeedattheyweretraveling.)IninformalEnglishweusuallyputtheprepositionattheendinattributiveclausesratherthanatthebeginning:·TheofficewhichGrahamledthewaytowasfilledwithbooks.·Jim’sfootballingability,whichhewasnotedfor,hadbeenencouragedbyhisparents.·Theplaygroundwasn’tusedbythosechildrenwhoitwasbuiltfor.Inthiscasewepreferwhoratherthanwhom(althoughwhomisusedinformalcontexts).Inrestrictiveattributiveclauseswecanalsousethatorzerorelativepronouninsteadofwhoorwhich(e.g....thechildren(that)itwasbuiltfor).Iftheverbinattributiveclausesisatwo-or-three-wordverb(e.g.comeacross,fillin,gothrough,lookafter,lookupto,putupwith,takeon)wedon’tusuallyputtheprepositionatthebeginning:·Youressayisoneofthose(which/that)I’llgothroughtomorrow.(ratherthan...throughwhichI’llgotomorrow.)·Sheisoneofthefewpeople(who/that)Ilookupto.(not...towhomIlookup.)InformalwrittenEnglish,weoftenprefertouseofwhichratherthanwhosetotalkaboutthings:·Ahugeamountofoilwasspilled,theeffectsofwhicharestillbeingfelt.(or...whoseeffectsarestillbeingfelt.)·Theendofthewar,theanniversaryofwhichisonthe16thofNovember,willbecommemoratedincitiesthroughoutthecountry.(or...whoseanniversaryison...)Notethatwecan’tuseofwhichinplaceofwhoseinthepatternsdescribedinUnit71B:·DorothywasabletoswitchbetweenGerman,PolishandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.(not..,allwhoseshespoke...)Wecansometimesusethat...ofinplaceofofwhich.Thisislessformalthanofwhichandwhose,andismainlyusedinspokenEnglish:·Theschoolthatsheisheadofisclosingdown.(orTheschoolofwhichsheishead...)Whosecancomeafteraprepositioninattributiveclauses.However,itismorenaturaltoputtheprepositionattheendinlessformalcontextsandinspokenEnglish:·WeweregratefultoMr.Marks,inwhosecarwehadtraveledhome.(or...whosecarwehadtraveledhomein.)·InowturntoFreud,fromwhoseworkthefollowingquotationistaken.(or...whoseworkthefollowingquotationistakenfrom.)\nIV.Closingdownbydoingexercises:Jointhesentencehalvesusingwhichorwhomafteranappropriatepreposition.(A)a.Iwouldneverhavefinishedthework.b.Itwasprimarilywritten.c.Weknownothing.d.Theygotagoodview.e.Helearnedhowtoplaychess.f.Dennisscoredthreegoalsinthefinal.g.Shewasborn.h.Itwasdiscovered.1.Theyclimbeduptothetopofalargerock.2.Iwouldliketothankmytutor.3.ShehasnowmovedbacktothehouseonLongIsland.4.ThestaristobenamedafterPatrickJenks.S.Thisistheball.6.Heisnowabletobeathisfather.7.Thebookisenjoyedbyadultsaswellaschildren.8.Therearestillmanythingsinoursolarsystem.Keyforreference:1.Theyclimbeduptothetopofalargerock,fromwhichtheygotagoodview.2.Iwouldliketothankmytutor,withoutwhomIwouldneverhavefinishedthework.3.ShehasnowmovedbacktothehouseonLongIsland,inwhichshewasborn.4.ThestaristobenamedafterPatrickJenks,bywhomitwasdiscovered.S.Thisistheball.Dennisscoredthreegoalsinthefinal.6.Heisnowabletobeathisfather,fromwhomhelearnedhowtoplaychess.7.Thebookisenjoyedbyadultsaswellaschildren,aboutwhomitwasprimarilywritten.8.Therearestillmanythingsinoursolarsystem,aboutwhichweknownothing.Arethesecorrectorappropriate?Iftheyare,puta√.Iftheyarenot,giveareason,correctthemandgivealternativesifyoucan.(A)I.It'sapieceofjewelryacrosswhichIcameinanantiqueshop.---whichIcameacrossinanantiqueshop.(‘cameacross’isatwo-wordverb.)\n2.Theextraworkwhichshetookonwasstartingtoaffectherhealth.3.Mymother,afterwhomIlookedforover20years,diedlastyear.4.ThepeoplewhomIworkwithareallveryfriendly.5.Someofthecriticismswithwhichtheyhadtoputupwereveryunfair.6.Hehadmanyfriendswithwhomhehadaregularcorrespondence.7.ThewomantowhoheisengagedcomesfromPoland.8.TheformswhichIhadtofillinwereverycomplicated.RewritethesesentencessothattheyaremoreappropriateforformalwrittenEnglish.Usepreposition+whichorpreposition+whose,asappropriate.(B)I.TomSims,whosecartheweaponswerefoundin,hasbeenarrested.TornSims,inwhosecartheweaponswerefound,hasbeenarrested.2.TomHam,whosenoveltheTVseriesisbasedon,willappearinthefirstepisode.3.DrJacksonownsthecastlewhosegroundsthemainroadpassesthrough.4.TessaParsonsisnowmanagingdirectorofSimons,thecompanythatshewasonceasecretaryin.5.AllowingtheweaponstobesoldisanactionthattheGovernmentshouldbeashamedof.6.Thedragonflyisaninsectthatweknowverylittleof.Period3:AsamplelessonplanforUsingLanguageAimsToreadthestoryaboutFreddyandthenenjoyandunderstandBeatles’songs.Tousethelanguagebyreading,listening,speakingandwriting.ProceduresI.WarmingupbylisteningandwritingTurntopage37andreadthesesentencesbeforelisteningtothetape.Thenlistentothetapeanddecidetrueorfalse.\nII.Guidedreading1.ReadingandtranslatingReadmoreaboutFreddy’slifeandtranslateitintoChineseparagraphbyparagraph.2.ReadingandunderliningNextyouaretoreadandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Copythemtoyournotebookafterclassashomework.CollocationsfromFreddy’slifebecomefamous,visitBritainonatour,waitforhourstogetticketsfortheconcerts,beconfident,enjoysingingandallthecongratulations,themostexcitingexperience,singinaTVprogramcalled“TopofthePops,wearanexpensivesuit,giveaperformancetoaTVcamera,gowrong,notgooutwithoutbeingfollowedeverywhere,wearsunglasses,hideinrailwaystations,one’spersonallife,becometoopainfulforsb.,packone’sbags3.DoingexercisesNowyouaregoingtodoexercisesNo.3,4and5onpage38followingthearticle.Ex3:Herearetheincorrectsentenceswhichshouldbecrossedout.1.Freddyandhisbandalwayslovedbeingpopstars.2.Hisfavoriteprogramwas“TopofthePops”.3.ThingswentwrongbecauseFreddyandhisbandhidthemselves.4.Theyrealizedtheyhadtogobecausetheywerepainful.Exercise4Answerthesequestions:1.Thisisanopenquestionbywhichstudentsareaskedabouttheiropinions.Answersmayvary.2.Answersmayvarybutthereisinformationinthereadingpassagethatmayinclude:---becomingrich;---doingajobyouwanttodo;---havingmanyfans;---peopleenjoyingyourmusic.3.Answersmayvarybutinformationmayinclude:---peacefulandquiet;---aprivatelifeawayfromcrowds;\n---apersonallifewhichothersdonotdiscuss.Exercise5:ThemainideaisNo.3.Thisisastoryaboutabandthatbecamefamousanddidnotlikeit.OnlyNo.3bestsummarizesthemainidea,whilealltheothersreflectjustpartofthemainidea.Atfirst,Freddyandhisbandwantedtobefamous,butwhenhebecamefamous,theywerealwaysbeingfollowedwherevertheywent,whichtheyfoundpainful.III.Guidedwriting1.WritingaletterforadvicePleaseturntopage38writing.Let’sreadtheinstructions.Youandyourfriendswanttostartyourownband.However,youhaveneverplayedinabandbefore.Youwriteane-mailtoFreddyforhisadvice.Thee-mailisstartedforyou,butyouhavetofinishit.You’dbetterdosomebrainstorminginsmallgroupsbeforewritingyourletters.YoushouldfollowtheprocedureforbrainstormingandoutliningintroducedinModule1Unit2.Writingtips:1.IngroupsdiscusssomequestionsyouwouldliketoaskFreddy.2.Makealistofthemandchoosethebestquestions.3.Shareyourideaswithanotherpair;discussallquestionsandthendecidewhichonesyouwanttoaskFreddy.4.Useeachquestiontostartanewparagraph.5.Writeyourquestionfirst;thenaddextrainformationtoshowFreddywhyyouneedhelp.6.FinishtheletterpolitelyandthankFreddyforhishelp.2.ReadingFreddy’sreplyLet’sreadFreddy’sreplyandanswerthequestions:---HowwasFreddy’sbandformed?---WhatadvicedoesFreddygive?3.WritinganoteandaparagraphPleaseturntopage74.NowinpairsyouaregoingtodecideonthebestwaytotellaforeignfriendaboutonekindofChinesefolkmusic.Whatdoyouthinktheyneedtoknowbeforetheycanenjoyit?Whydoyou\nlikeit?Whoareyourfavoritesingers?Discussitwithyourpartnerandwritenotestoremindyouofyourmostimportantideas.ThenwriteaparagraphtellingyourforeignfriendaboutthetypeofChinesefolkmusicyouhavechosen.Useadictionaryandotherreferencebookstohelpyou.IV.FurtherapplyingFindinginformationGotothelibrarytoreadorgetonlinetosearchinordertofindmoreinformationonmusicandmusicians.TakenotesofyourfindingsandreportthemtoyourgroupmatesnextMondaymorning.V.ClosingdownbyfillingaformMakeuseofthetextandotherstofillintheformbelow.HowdopeopleformabandMembersReasonsPlacesFormsResultsClosingdownbydescribingabandToendthisperiod,Iamgoingtohavetwoofyoutodescribetotheclassabandwhomyouappreciates.Who’dliketospeakfirst?PartTwo:TeachingResources(第二部分：教学资源)Section1:AtextstructureanalysisofTHEBANDTHATWASN’TI.TypeofwritingandsummaryoftheideaTypeofwritingThisisapieceofnarrativewriting.\nMainideaofthepassageThebandTheMonkeeswasformedinquiteadifferentway.ItstartedasaTVshow,withmusiciansplayedjokesoneachotheraswellasplayedmusic,basedlooselyonthebandcalledTheBeatles.Astimewenton,theirattractiveperformancesgainedfiercelysupportfromtheirfans.WiththeirownparticularstyleofperformingtheirbandatlastbecameverypopularintheUSA.Topicsentenceof1stparagraphHaveyoueverwantedtobeafamoussingerormusician?Topicsentenceof2ndparagraphMostmusiciansmeetandformabandbecausetheyliketoplaymusic.Topicsentenceof3rdparagraphHowever,therewasonebandthatstartedinadifferentway.Topsentenceof4thparagraphTheirattractiveperformanceswerecopiedbyothergroupsandtheirfanssupportedthemfiercely.II.AtreediagramDreamingofbeingafamousmusicianorsinger.Howmusiciansformbands.HowTheMonkeesbecameseriousaboutthemusicbusiness.HowTheMonkeesgottheirstart.\nIII.Aretoldpassageofthetext1.Apossibleversion:Beingafamoussingerormusicianmaybethedreamofmanypeople.Becomingamemberofabandmayhelpyourealizethedream.Butjusthowcanpeopleformaband?Mostmusiciansoftenmeetandformabandfortheyarecongenialwitheachother.Highschoolstudentsmayalsoformabandtopracticemusictogetherorsometimesplayinthestreettopassers-bytoearnsomeextramoney,whichisalsoachancetorealizetheirdreamsofbecomingfamous.However,Therewasabandwhichwasstartedinquiteadifferentway.Themusiciansofwhomthebandwasformedplayedjokesoneachotherandplayedmusic,looselybasedontheBeatles.Theirexcitingperformanceswerecopiedbyothergroupsandwerefiercelysupportedbytheirfans.ThatbandwasTheMonkees.Afterayearorso,TheMonkeesbecamemoreseriousoftheirwork,playingtheirowninstrumentsandwritingtheirownmusic.Thoughitbrokeupin1970,itreunitedinthemid-1980sandisstillpopulartoday.Section2:Backgroundinformationonmusic,musiciansandthebandTheMonkeesI.Differenttypesofmusic:FolkmusicIthasbeenpasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Atfirstitwasneverwrittendown.Peoplelearnedthesongsfromtheirfamilies,relatives,neighborsandfriendsinthesamevillage.Thesesongswereaboutthecountrylife,theseasons,animalsandplants,andaboutloveandsadnessinpeople’slives.PopmusicItisakindofmodernmusicwithastrongbeatandnotoflastinginterest,especiallyjustfavoredforashorttimebyyoungerpeople•Rock’n’RollItisalsocalledrockandroll,akindofmodernmusicwithstrongbeat,playedloudlyonelectricalinstruments,inwhichthesingerrepeatsthesamefewsimplewords.JazzJazzwasbornintheUSAaround1890.ItcamefromworksongssungbyblackpeopleandhaditsrootsinAfrica.Jazzstarteddevelopinginthe1920sinthesouthernstates.Soonitwasplayedbywhitemusicians,too,andreachedotherpartsoftheUSA.\nAfricanmusicItplaysanimportantpartinpeople’slives,especiallyforwork,andatfestivalsandweddings,whenpeopledanceallnightlong.IndianmusicIt’snotwrittendown.Thereisabasicpatternofnoteswhichthemusicianfollows.Butalotofmodernmusicisalsowritten.Indiaalsoproducesfilmswithmusic,andmillionsofrecordsaresoldeveryyear.MusicintheCaribbeanTheslaveswhowerebroughtfromAfricadevelopedtheirownkindofmusic.WestIndiansmakemusicalinstrumentsoutoflargeoilcans.Theyhitdifferentpartsofthedrumwithhammerstoproducedifferentnotes.ThistypeofmusichasbecomeveryfamousinBritainandisverygoodmusictodanceto.II.Famousmusicians:JosephHaydn（1732-1809）wasanAustriancomposerandisknownas“thefatherofthesymphony”.OthercomposershadwrittensymphoniesbeforeHaydn,buthechangedthesymphonyintoalongpieceforalargeorchestra.HewasborninavillageinAustria,thesonofapeasant.Hehadabeautifulsingingvoice.AfterstudyingmusicinVienna,HaydnwenttoworkatthecourtofaprinceineasternAustria,wherehebecamedirectorofmusic.Havingworkedtherefor30years,HaydnmovedtoLondon,wherehewasverysuccessful.WolfgangAmadeusMozart(1756-1791)wasacomposer,possiblythegreatestmusicalgeniusofalltime.Heonlylived35yearsandhecomposedmorethan600piecesofmusic.MozartwasborninSalzburg,Austria.HisfatherLeopoldwasamusicianandorchestraconductor.Wolfganghadmusicaltalentfromaveryearlyage.HelearnedtoplaytheharpsichordinaconcertfortheEmpressofAustria.Bythetimehewas14,Mozarthadcomposedmanypiecesfortheharpsichord,pianoandviolin,aswellasfororchestras.Whilehewasstillateenager,MozartwasalreadyabigstarandtouredEuropegivingconcerts.HaydnmetMozartin1781andwasveryimpressedwithhim.“Heisthegreatestcomposertheworldhasknown,”hesaid.ThetwowerefriendsuntilMozart’sdeathin1791.LudwigvanBeethoven(1770-1827)wasborninBonn,Germany.Heshowedmusicaltalentwhenhewasveryyoung,andlearnedtoplaytheviolinandpianofromhisfather,whowasasinger.MozartmetBeethovenandwasimpressedbyhim.“Hewillgivesomethingwonderfultotheworld,”hesaid.BeethovenmetHaydnin1791,butwasnotimpressedbytheolderman.Aftertheyhadknowneachotherformanyyears,Beethovensaid,“Heisagoodcomposer,buthehastaughtmenothing.”However,itwasHaydnwho\nencouragedBeethoventomovetoVienna.BeethovenbecameverypopularintheAustriancapitalandstayedtherefortherestofhislife.Ashegrewolder,hebegantogodeaf.Hebecamecompletelydeafduringthelastyearsofhislife,buthecontinuedcomposing.III.Musicalinstrument乐器saxophoneelectricalequipmentpianoguitarfluteV.Whatarethefunctionsofmusic?•Makethingsmorelivelyandinteresting•Makethingsbetterforpeopletounderstandandenjoy•Expresspeople’sfeeling•Makepeoplefeelgood•Helppeopleforgettheirpain•Attractpeople’sattention•helppeopletorememberthingswellVI.TheintroductionofthebandTheMonkeesTheMonkeeswereafour-personbandwhoappearedinanAmericantelevisionseriesofthesamename,whichranonNBCfrom1966to1968.TheMonkeeswereformedin1965inLosAngeles,Californiaanddisbandedin1970.Attheirpeaktheywereoneofthemostpopularmusicalactsoftheirtime.Severalreunionsoftheoriginallineuphavetakenplace.Thefirstreunionlastedfrom1986to1989,andasecondregroupingtookplacebetween1996-1997.TheMonkeeslastworkedtogetherforabriefperiodin2001.Section3:WordsandexpressionsfromUnit5THEBANDTHATWASN’TI.WordsforReadingclassical\nadj.(ofmusic)puttogetherandarranged(composed)withseriousartisticintentions;havinganattractionthatlastsoveralongperiodoftime(asopposedtopopularorfolkmusic)（音乐）古典的BachandBeethovenwroteclassicalmusic.theclassicalmusicofIndia/theclassicalsymphonyrollvt.&vi.1.to(causeto)movealongbyturningoverandover（使）滚动Werolledthebarrelsofoilontotheship.Tearswererollingdownhercheeks.2.tomovesteadilyandsmoothlyalong(as)onwheels(车轮)滚动；转动Thetrainrolledslowlyintothestation.Thewavesrolledoverthesand.3.(ofaship)toswingfromsidetosidewiththemovementofthewaves摇摆;摇晃Theshiprolledsoheavilythatwewereallsick.4.keeptheballrolling:tokeepthingsactiveandmoving（使事情，工作等）继续进行下去；不松懈5.settheballrolling:tobethefirsttodosomething,hopingthatotherswillfollow带动；带头（希望他人跟随）I’llsingasongfirst,justtosettheballrolling.folkadj.of,connectedwith,orbeingmusicoranyotherartthathasgrownupamongworkingand/orcountrypeopleasanimportantpartoftheirwayoflivingandbelongstoaparticulararea,trade,etc.,orthathasbeenmadeinmoderntimesasacopyofthis（音乐；艺术）民间的；民俗的folkmusic/folksongs/Chinesefolkart/giveafolkconcert/afolksingerjazzn.爵士音乐traditionaljazz/modernjazz/jazzmusic/ajazzbandmusiciann.音乐家afinemusiciandreamn.1.agroupofthoughts,images,orfeelingsexperiencedduringsleep梦2.sth.imaged,notreal,butbelievedinorgreatlyandhopefullydesired理想；梦想v.梦见；梦想dreamof/about(doing)sth./dreamadreamclapvi.鼓掌Clapone’shandintimetothemusic/clapsb.onsth./clapsb.ontheback/clapeyesonsb.behonestwith=befrankwith/totellyouthetruthformvt.&n.（使）组成；形成formsomeideasoropinionaboutsth./formanation/formaline/formgoodhabits/intheformof/inform/fillintheform/taketheformofpasser-byn.过路人；行人passers-by/askthepasser-byearnvt.1.toget(money)byworking赚；挣（钱）Heearns$10000ayear(bywritingstories).2.toget(sth.that\nonedeserves)becauseofone’squalities博得；赢得Heearnedthetitleof“TheGreat”byhisvictoriesinthewar.earnmoney/earnone’sliving/earnsb.successlooselyadv.宽松的；松散的looselyspeaking/looselytranslatedadvertisementn.alsoad--anoticeofsth.forsale,serviceoffered,jobpositiontobefilled,roomtolet,etc.,asinanewspaper,paintedonawall,ormadeasafilm广告theadvertisementpage/advertisementforsb./sth./putanadvertisementactorn.男演员；行动者actorandactress/anexcellentactorattractiveadj.havingthepowertoattract有吸引力的Theideaisveryattractive.soundattractive/atattractivepricefann.1.扇子turnthefanon2.averykeenfollowerorsupporter,asofasport,performingart,orfamousperson迷；狂热者fanclubinstrumentn.工具；器械；乐器playaninstrument/theinstrumentsoftheorchestra/aship’sinstrumentsII.WordsforLearningaboutLanguagehitn.（演出等）成功；打击adirecthitonanenemyship/afinalscoreoftwohitsandsixmisses/ahitwitheveryone/Hisfilmisquiteahit/Theysangtheirlatesthit./makeahitsortn.&vt.种类；类别；分类；整理thesortofpersonIreallydislike/Whatsortofpaintareyouusing?/sortsth.out(into)sth./sortthroughsth.III.WordsforUsingLanguageafterwardsadv.later;afterthat以后;后来Let’sgotothetheatrefirstandeatafterwards.performvt.&vi.1.todo;carryout(apieceofwork)实行；做Thedoctorperformedtheoperation.2.tofulfill(apromise,order,etc.)履行；执行(允诺，命令)3.togive,actorshow(aplay,apart(role)inaplay,apieceof\nmusic,tricks,etc.)esp.beforethepublic表演performatask/performone’sduty/performanoperationtosaveone’slife/performthepiano/performskillfullyontheflute/performliveontelevision/performaceremonyperformancen.表演；履行faithfulintheperformanceofone’sduty/theeveningperformance/giveaperformanceof“Hamlet”/inperformancestickvi1.to(causeto)befixedwithastickysubstance粘贴；张贴Stickapieceofpaperovertheoldaddressandwritethenewoneonit.sticktoone’sfingers/stickastamponaletter2.stickto:torefusetoleaveorchange/stickupanoteonthenote-board/stickthepenbehindtheear坚持;固守sticktoone’splan/tosticktoone’spromiseabilityn.powerandskill,esp.todo,think,act,make,etc.（尤指工作,思考，行动，创造等）能力amachinewiththeabilitytocopywithlargeloads/havetheabilitytodothework/awomanofgreatability/haveagreatmusicalabilitysayingn.话；俗话‘Morehaste,lessspeed,’asthesayinggoes.reputationn.(an)opinionheldbyothers(aboutsomeoneorsth.);thedegreetowhichoneiswellthoughtof名誉；名声:aschoolwithanexcellentreputation/agoodreputationasadoctor/haveareputationforlaziness/ruinsb.’sreputation/makeareputationforoneself/liveuptoone’sreputationunknownadj.&n.不知道的；未知的人或物unknownforces/anunknownactor/unknowntosb./ajourneyintotheunknown