人教版高中英语必修五高中英语必修5Unit1_Great_scientists课件公开课课件 91页

Unit1Greatscientists\nWhoarethey?Guessinggame\nWhoishe?Hehasmadeafamouskiteexperiment.Helearnedalotfromitandinventedlightningrod(避雷针).Heis…BenjaminFranklinNeverleavethatuntiltomorrow,whichyoucandotoday.今日事,今日毕。\nWhoishe?Heiscalledthegreatestscientistinthe20thcentury.HeisfamousfortheTheoryofRelativity.Heis…AlbertEinsteinImaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge"想象力比知识更重要。"imaginative\nWhoishe?Hemadethefirsttelescopeintheworld.Hisobservationsshowthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.Heis…GalileoGalileiYoucannotteachamananything.Youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人,你只能帮助他从内心去发现(和了解)事物。\nWhatdoyouknowaboutgreatscientists?Trythisquizandfindoutwhoknowsthemost.\n1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Archimedes(287-212BC)anancientGreekmathematician&physicist\n2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin(1808-1882)BritishauthorofTheOriginofSpecies\n\n3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen\n\n4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendel(1822-1884)Czech(捷克人)\n\nMarieCurieNothinginlifeistobefeared.Itisonlytobeunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只有需要理解的东西。5.Whodiscoveredradium?\nThepowerofradium\nThomasAlvaEdisonGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感。6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?\nTheInventionsofThomasEdisonPhonograph(留声机)Lightbulb(电灯泡)MotionPictures(电影)\n7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)Italianartist\nLastSupperMonaLisa\n8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?SirHumphryDavy(1778-1829)BritishMiniature(小型的)Miner'sSafetyLamp\ntheSafetyLamp\n9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?ZhangHengseismograph\n10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackhole?StephenHawking(1942---)BritishABriefHistoryofTime\n\nDrawaconclusionTheyall...madeagreatcontribution.madegreatachievements.succeededintheirscientificcareer.overcomemanydifficulties.\ncommoncharacteristicscautiouspersuasivestrictpositiveCo-operativecreativebrightenthusiastic\nPre-reading1.Whatimpressesyoumostin2003?\nWhichpersonimpressesyoumostduringtheSARS?\nWhatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow?Forexample:Whenyoueatsomefoodthatisnotfresh……Youmayfeel……Maybeyouhavegot________.Cholera\ndrawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectresultsmakeaquestionfindaproblemanalysetheresultsfindsupportingevidencefindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsdrawaconclusionHowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?findsupportingevidence\nJohnSnowdefeats“Kingcholera”Reading\nJohnSnowdefeats“kingcholera”Whatcanyoulearnfromthetitle?人物：事件：defeatscholera\nWhoisJohnSnow?Whathappenedtothem?attendedherasherpersonalphysicianQueenVictoria\nJohnSnow约翰.斯诺(1813~1858),英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。1854年,伦敦霍乱流行,斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况,寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系,由于及时切断了二者的联系,有效制止了霍乱的流行。\nFouroutbreaksofcholerainthe1830sand1840skilledmanypeopleinEngland.In1854,“themostterribleoutbreakofcholerawhicheveroccurredinthekingdom”began.Itwassoviolentandsuddenthat127peoplediedinthefirstthreedays.Theterriblecholera\nNameofillnesscholera(霍乱)Symptom(症状)severevomiting(呕吐)anddiarrhoea(腹泻)Aftereffect(后果)diequicklyfromalossofliquidWhatwasthecauseofthisillness?HowdidJohnSnowfinditout?\nSkimthetextandfindthemainideaofthetext.Thepassageismainlyabout:_______________________________________________________HowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofthecholeraanddefeatedit.Fast—reading:\nReadthepassagequicklyandfindthenumberbelowandtherelevanthappeningsinthepassage.\nTwotheoriesIn1854500,10Thefirstsuggestedthat…multipliedintheair;Thesecondsuggested…absorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.AnotheroutbreakhitLondon.Morethan500peoplehaddiedin10days.\n16,37,38and4020,21;8,97ThesenumbersinBroadStreetnearthewaterpumphadmanyofthedeaths20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreethadnodeaths….Theydidn’tdrinkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.Thesefamiliesworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.\nReadthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.2147Careful—reading:\nKingCholerawasdefeated.Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.3856\nPara-graphStagesinanexperimentExampleinthisinvestigation1Findaproblem2Makeaquestion3ThinkofamethodWhatcausecholera?Whichtheoryiscorrect?Collectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater.Fillintheblanks.\n4Collectresults5Analyseresults6findsupportingevidence7DrawaconclusionPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie.Analysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.Findotherevidencetosupporttheanalysis.Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe.\ndrawaconclusionfindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsrepeatifnecessaryMatchthemPara1Para2Para3Para4Para5Para6Para7PreventionofCholera\n1.JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?KEY:JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.Readandanswerthequestions.\n2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap?Giveareason.KEY:No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.\n3.Cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?KEY:Fourdiseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARS,AIDS,TB(肺结核)andbird-flu,becausetheyarebothveryserious,haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.\n1.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat____.thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwaterB.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondonC.thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedD.JohnSnowdidsomeresearchandhelpedtosolve“KingCholera”Choosethebestanswer.D\n2.WhatwasthekeyhelpforJohnSnow’sdiscovery?A.Thegovernment.B.ThewomanmovingawayfromBroadStreet.C.Thewatercompany.D.Themapmadebyhimself.D\nSummaryJohnSnowwasawell-known______inLondoninthe_____century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera______out,hebegantogatherinformation.doctor19thcausedefeatbroke\nHe_________onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_______ofallwatersupplybe__________andnewmethodsof________withpollutedwaterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”wasdefeated.markedpumpsourceexamineddealing\nWhatshouldwepayattentiontoinourdailylifeinordernottogetinfectedwithcholera?HealthefoodleftovernightCookrawfoodthoroughlyWashhandsoftenKeepawayfromflieschoosefreshseafoodKeepthekitchencleanDisposerubbishproperly.DrinkboiledwaterDiscussion\n\n1.knowabout了解有关….的情况knowof听说过1)有些事我想了解一下。ThereissomethingIwanttoknowabout.2)我听说过那件事,但不很清楚。Iknowofit,butIdidn’tknowitwell.Languagepoints\n2.conclude:v.作结论,断定Thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty.陪审团认定他有罪。toconclude:总而言之,总之Toconclude,Iwanttothankyouforyourhelp.conclusion:n.结论得出结论arriveatdraw/reachcometo｝aconclusion\n1)那些都是事实,你能从中得出什么结论?Thosearethefacts;whatdoyouconcludefromthem?2)我得出结论你在说谎。Icameto/drew/reachedtheconclusiontheconclusionthatyouwerelying.3)根据这些事实,我们能对金字塔是如何建成的得出一些结论。Fromthesefacts,wecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.\n3.defeatv./n.Hedefeatedthechampioninthreesets.Hiswordscompletelydefeatedme.ThePartyfacesdefeatintheelection.击败,战胜使困惑win/beat/defeatwin“赢得,获胜”,后接奖品,奖金,名誉,财产beat“击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人defeat“击败，战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人,(此用法同beat),疾病等。\n1)Mary_____thefirstplaceinthecompetition.2)Ourschool_______________theirschoolatfootball.3)I________________Johnatchessyesterday.wonbeat/defeatedbeat/defeated4.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatbeattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰.斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生--他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。\n1)expertn.专家;高手;权威anagriculturalexpert农业专家anexpertwiththecomputer电脑高手expert也可以作形容词,“熟练的;老练的;经验(或知识)丰富的”anexpertrider熟练的骑手anexpertopinion内行的意见\n照看,照料如:医生照看病人。Thedoctorattended(on/upon)thepatients.出席,到场如:attendschool上学attendalecture听讲座attendchurch去教堂attend(at)awedding出席婚礼2)attendv.注意,留意如:We’llattendtothesolutionofthatproblemlater.\nattendto处理,办理我有许多事情要处理。照顾,照料先生,有人接待你吗？Areyoubeingattendedto?Ifyougoout,I’llattendtothebaby.专心,注意Ifyoudon’tattendtotheteacher,you’llneverlearnanything.attendancen.照顾,出席Ihavesomeimportantthingstoattendto.\n5.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.exposedtocholera在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语,表示被动,意为“患霍乱的”。如:ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverypopular.鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。ThemanseenbyusyesterdayisProfessorSmith.\n发散思维：exposedadj.暴露的,暴露于风雨中的,无掩蔽的exposednessn.暴露,显露开放思维:exposeto使易受,使受exposesthtothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下exposeafraud揭穿骗局\n1)Milesofsandareexposedatlowtide.2)ThepeopleofsomeAsiancountrieswereexposedtothetsunamiin2004.3)Heexposedthecrimetothepolice.4)Heexposedtheplantothenewspsper.touncovertomakesuffertomakeknown\n5)Thewolfopeneditsmouthto______arowofsharpteeth.6)Don’t______yourskintothesun;yourskinwillbehurt.exposeexpose\n6.Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)deadlyadj.(1)dangerous;likelytocausedeath危险的;致命的adeadlydisease/weapon(2)highlyeffectiveagainststh.orsomeone强有力的;致命的adeadlyremark击中要害的评论\n(3)aimingtokillordestroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的:adeadlyenemy不共戴天的敌人deadlyadv.(1)very极度;非常;十分deadlyserious十分认真(2)likedeath死一般地deadlypale死一般苍白\n7.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.everytime在这里是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”。e.g.EverytimeImeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。\n注意:immediately,themoment,directly,instantly等与everytime一样,都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“一…..就”。如：IwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.我一见到他就把这封信给他。IcamedirectlyIgotyourletter.我一接到你的信就来了。\n8.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.absorb…..into吸收如：e.g.Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization.这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。\nabsorbv.(1)吸收(液体)Waterabsorbsoxygen.(2)Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.(3)Thebookabsorbedhisattention.(4)Thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity.理解,接受吸引(注意力,兴趣等)使并入,吞并\nbeabsorbedin…被…吸引;专心于;全神贯注于某事如:Heisabsorbedinhisbook.Thelittlegirlwasabsorbedinreadingatale.\nsuggest经常有“建议”的意思,但在这个句子里的意思是“暗示间接表明”。如：Thedisorganizedmeetingsuggestedbadpreparation.混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。suggest还有“建议”的意思,在后文中有体现:“Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.”为防止这种情况再度发生,……\nIsuggestedthatheshouldgiveupsmoking.我建议他戒烟。Thechairmansuggestedthemeetingbeputoffuntilnextweek.主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。suggest后面还可以接-ing形式或名词。如：Shesuggestedapicnicattheweekend.她提议周末去野餐。Kanesuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport.凯恩提议早些发去机场。\n他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害,在十天之内就死去了五百多人。9.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days.severeadj.(1)unsparingorharsh,asintreatmentofothers;strict严厉的;苛刻的;严格的.如:\nTheseveretrainerhasgoneabroad.Youcanbreathefreelyagain.(2)causingsharpdiscomfortordistress;extremelyviolentorintense;veryserious.剧痛的,剧烈的,严重的,难熬的如:asevereattackoftoothache.要求苛严的教官已经出国,你可以完全放心。牙痛的剧烈发作。\n这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。10.Thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.valuable(1)adj.worthofalotofmoney值钱的,贵重的如：Thewatchisvaluable.这表很值钱。avaluablediamond.贵重的钻石。\n(2)adj.havinggreatusefulnessorvalue如:valuableinformation(3)n.(常用复数形式)sththatworthalotofmoney如:Cathykepthervaluablesinasafe.重大的消息凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里。\n泵(油泵;气泵),抽水机,打气筒11.pump\n12.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。be+动词不定式,可以表示该做或不该做的事情,相当于must,should,oughtto等。如：Nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。Youarenottodroplitterinthepark.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。受到责备,主动表被动\n13.Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.其次,约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。lookinto往…...里面看;toinvestigate检查;了解。如：We’lllookintothismattertogether.我们将一起调查这个问题。\n开放思维：lookon观看,面向,旁观,看待lookout面朝,留神,照料lookover从上面看,察看,检查lookaround环顾,观光,察看lookthrough看穿,审核,浏览,温习lookupanddown仔细打量,到处寻找lookafter寻求,照顾,关心\n14.handlen.柄,把手\nA.操作;运用B.经销;买卖C.管理D.对待E.应付F.控制;管理handlev.Choosethecorrectexplanations.1)MsHawkins,thechiefaccountantofthecompanyhandlesthecompany'saccounts.2)ThechildrenaresonaughtythatIcan'thandlethem.3)Shehandledadifficultargumentskillfully.CFE4)Handlechildrenkindly,ifyouwantthemtotrustyou.5)Thisshophandlespaperandstationery.6)Helearnthowtohandletheaxe.DBA\nlink…to...把…与…连接;联系如：Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。belinkedto连接如：Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.15.InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwodeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区,他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。\nlinkn.联系,关系研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。Researchershavedetectedalinkbetweensmokingandheartdisease.\n16.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.announcev.tomakeknownpublicly如：Thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland.有了这个证据,约翰.斯诺就能够肯定的宣布,这种被污染的水携带病毒。机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。announcesth.(tosb.)announcethat+从句Itis/wasannouncedthat+从句据宣传\n1)--Whoinstructsyourclassinhistory?--MrBlack.Heisourinstructor.2)Sheinstructedmeintheuseofthistelephone.3)I'vebeeninstructedtowaithereuntilthelecturerarrives.v.(toteach;toorder)17.instruct\nn.detaileddirectionsonprocedure;anorder;teachinginstruction1)ThebossgavemesomanyinstructionsatonetimethatIgotmuddledup.2)Weforgottoreadtheinstructions.(aninstructionbook)3)UnderBerry’sinstruction,Islowlymasteredtheartofglassblowing.\n1.Not_______(暴露)yourskintothesunfortoolong.2._________you_______(既不…也不)heisright.3.___________(每当)Imeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshavinghappenedbetweenus.4.________________(好像)shewaslying.5.Whois_____________(责备)forthemistake?6.It____________(暗示)thatitwasgoingtorain.7.Isuggestedthathe__________________(戒烟)smoking.exposeNeithernorEverytimeItseemedthattoblame(should)giveupsuggestedFillintheblanks.