高中英语 Sailing the oceansTextbook课件 新人教选修9 56页

Inpairsdiscussthesequestions:1Whatisanavigator?Anavigatorexploresnewroutesacrossthesea.2Whatisthedifferencebetweenanavigatorandanexplorer?Anavigatorexploresthesea;anexplorerdiscoversnewplacesonland.WarmingUp\n3Lookatthesefamouspeople.Aretheynavigatorsorexplorers?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?NavigatorseanauticalinstrumentsfindnewislandsorcontinentsNavigatorissomeonewhofindsthepositionandplotsthecourseofaship,anaircraft,acar,etc,usingmapsandinstruments.\nExplorerlanduseofcompassandlandmarksfindnewplaceswithinanalreadyidentifiedislandorcontinentExplorerissomeonewhotravelsintoorthroughaplaceinordertolearnaboutit.Veryoftennavigatorsarealsoexplorers.\nLookatthepictures.Thenanswerthequestions.1Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?Keptclosetotheshore,usednaturesuchasthesun,wind,birds,tide,etc,tohelpthem,andusedsomeoftheinstrumentsincludingacompass,astrolabe,etc.Pre-reading\n2Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?Latitude,becauseitwasusedtomeasurehowfaryouhadtravelledfromlandonastraightline.Itwasdiscoveredalongtimebeforelongitude.\n3Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?1_________________________2_________3_________4________________________4Whichonesdoyouthinkarestillusedtoday?Seachartsarestillusedtoday.compass(inancientChina)astrolabesextantsea/nautical/marinechart\nReadthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.1Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()AtosetthecourseoftheshipBtomeasurethepositionoftheshipCtomeasurethespeedoftheshipDtotellthetimeComprehending1BA\n2Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship?Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteendegreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.\n3Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.Sotheycanbeusedtomeasureaship'sposition.\nSupposeyouwereaseacaptainaimingtosailroundAfrica.Discussingroups:1Whatskillswouldyouseekinyoursailors?Thesailorswouldneedtobeexcellentnavigators,abletocopewithbothhotandcoldweather,experiencedinsailingthroughverybadweatherandabletoco-operateinateam.2\n2Whatproblemswouldyouanticipateforthisjourney?Iwouldanticipateveryhotweather(aroundtheequator),coldweather(aroundtheCapeofGoodHope),verystormyseas(aroundtheCape),andproblemswithfoodandwater(unlesshelpedbylocalnativesthewatermaybecontaminatedandthefoodscarce),etc.\nWhatwouldyoudoifyoucameacrossthefollowingproblemsduringyourvoyage?Readthechartbelowandfillinyourplansofactiontodealwiththem.3Whatwouldyoudoif:PlanofactionYouwerefarfromlandandastormarose.waittillthestormisover,andthenfindyournewpositionandreturntoyouroriginalcourse\nYouknewyourlatitudebutdidn'tknowyourlongitude.Youwereblownoff-course.useknotstofindyourspeedandworkoutyourapproximatelongitudeusethecompassandtheastrolabe,quadrantorsextanttofindoutyourposition,returntoyourformercourse\nYouwereoffshorebutyouneededmorefoodandwater.Youwantedtokeepastraightcourse.follownestingbirdstoshore;lookforspecialcloudformationsorfogoverstreamstofindlanduseacompass\nYouwerelostwithnolandinsight.measureyourpositionusingthesunorstars;lookforseabirds,cloudformations,fogorseaweedtoshowthatlandisnearby\nReadthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalysethenavigationalskills.Writetheanswersinyourownwords.Usingnature1Tofindtheship'spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun.4\n2Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_____________________________________________________.3Sailorsused________________________toincreasetheirspeed.freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogseacurrentsortidesandwinds\nUsinginstruments4Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1_________________________2___________________________________________.measuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltables\n5Writedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments:Beatingcircle:_______________________________________________________________.Astrolabe:_______________________________________________________________.tocomparetheheightofthesunnowwiththepositionofthe'sunatmiddaytocomparethepositionoftheshipinrelationtosomestarsorthesun\nQuadrant:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.amorepreciseformoftheastrolabe,tomeasurehowhighstarsareabovethehorizon,andcomparethatmeasurementwithpreviousmeasurements(usingtheshipasoneofthefixedpointstofinditsposition)\nSextant:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Imagineyouareonaboatwithtwenty-nineotherpeople.Youhaveasmallboxforyourpersonalthingsbutitcanonlyholdtenitems.Whatwouldyouneedforaweek'sjourneyacrosstheNorthSeatoEngland?anupdatedversionofthequadrantandsoitwasmoreaccurate,tomeasuretheanglebetweentwofixedpointsoutsidetheship(usingtwomirrorstofindtheship'sposition)5\nCategoryItemsCategoryItemsClothesShoesHygieneToolsBeddingMedicinesGamesBooksshirt,trouserswaterproofbootssoapscissors,knifeblanketsea-sicktablets,coldmedicinecards,chessnovels,essaycollections\nReplacethewordsunderlinedbyonesofsimilarmeaningfromthereadingpassage.1Seeingthedarkcloudsabovehim,Georgehurriedforhome.2SailingaboatalonefarawayfromtheshoremadeFlora'sparentsworryabouthersafety.LearningaboutLanguage1overheadoffshore\n3Clare,wouldyoupleaseputyourbicyclenexttotheothersintheshed?4"Whydon'tyouplotamoresimpleroutewiththesmallestnumberofstops?"askedMary.5Settingoutonalongjourneybyseawithunskilledsailorswouldbedangerousespeciallyiftherewerenomodernnavigationalinstruments.alongsidesimplifiedminimumvoyageseamen\nFindthewordsfromthereadingpassagethataretheoppositeofthesecompoundwords.____________anywhere____________upload____________inward____________unreliable____________landflower____________strongpoint2nowheredownloadoutwardreliableseaweedshortcoming\nWritedownthewordsyouknow,whicharerelatedtonavigationandsea.3NavigationSeanavigate,navigational(instruments:compass,bearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrant,sextant),sail,sailor,voyage,latitude,longitude,equator,horizon,captain,sailor,land,island,setsail,nauticalmiddles,explore,explorationseaman,seaweed,seafood,shore,offshore,onshore,beach,beach-ballseabed,sea-bird,seagull,seashell,seaside,seawater,seasick,coast,coastline,coastal,tide,wave,current,\nCompletethefollowingparagraphwiththewordsbelow.Samuelthesailorwasextremelygoodatplottinghiscourseusingthestarsasa_______.Onedayhewasdeterminedtosetoutona_______acrossanunknownseatoanunknowncontinent.Hesetoutwithhisinstrumentssohewouldnotbeatthe_____ofthesea.Hefoundonhis________journeyarockyisland.Itseemedtobecoveredinnests.Suddenly,asSamuellooked,anenormousbirdswoopeddown4referencevoyagemercyoutward\nandpickedhimupasifhewerea/an______parcel.It________itsspeedandrosestraightupintotheairsoastoreachthe_______placeontherockswhereitsnestlay.Oncethere,itshookitselfandthrewSamuelinthe__________directionofthenest.Thereseemedtobe________tohidebutthenhenoticedlotsof________onhisleftandquicklyhidunderit.Thebirdlandednearbyandpecked_________attherocks.Samuelrolledoverswiftlyandfoundhimselfattheedgeofthecliff.Helookedawkwardacceleratepreciseapproximatenowhereseaweedrandomly\ndownslowlywithabeatingheart.Belowhimwashisboatlying________theshore!"HowluckyIam!"Samuelthoughttohimself.Hethengaveamightyleapandlandedinit.Onceinsidehecouldsafelysailaway.alongside\nRevisingusefulstructuresReadtheinformationbelowandlearnmoreaboutCaptainCook.Thenunderlinethepredicatesinthesentences.1JamesCookwasagreatEnglishnavigatorandPacificOceanexpeditionleader.2Hehadnotonlyanoutstandingabilityinnavigationandexploration,butalsoarealconcernforsailors'health.Hecarriedoutcompulsorydietaryreformsthatwerecopiedbymanyothershipcaptains.1\n3HehadledthreegreatPacificvoyagesduringhislife.4InhisfirstPacificvoyagein1769,JamesCookroundedCapeHorn,thenspentsixmonthschartingNewZealand,andfinallyexploredandclaimedpossessionofeasternAustralia.5In1772,CaptainCooksetsailtolookfora"theorizedgreatsoutherncontinent".AlthoughtheycouldnotmanagetoreachtheAntarcticowingtotheice,hepredictedthatifitdidexist,itwouldhavetobeawasteland.\n6In1776,CaptainCookstartedhisthirdPacificvoyage,searchingfortheNorthwestPassagefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean.Unfortunately,hewaskilledinadisputewithHawaiiannativesandhismen'sattemptattheNorthwestPassagewasunsuccessful.However,thisvoyageisstillrecognizedasespeciallysignificantinthehistoryofthediscoveryofthewestcoastofNorthAmerica.\nCompletethefollowingdialogue,usingverbsintheirproperforms.Remembertoreadtheconversationbeforeandaftereachblankbeforeyoufillitin.Susan:Doyouthinkyou'llbegoingtothatpopconcertnextweek?Clare:No.Let'sforgetaboutthatasit'llsoonbetimeforourexams.Susan:____________________________2Doyouneedtodomorerevision?\nClare:Idon'treallythinkIneedtodomorerevision.I'vedoneenoughbutit'llhelpmeforgettheconcertyou'llbeenjoying.Susan:_________________________________________________________Clare:Actuallythereisareason.Idon'tthinkI'mgoingtohaveenoughmoneyeventhoughI'vebeensavingespeciallyforthisoccasion.Susan:_____________________________________________________________________________________________.Isthereanotherreasonwhyyoudon'twanttocometotheconcert?PerhapsIcanhelpyou.Ialwaysearnextramoneybycleaningcars.MyfatheralwayspaysmewhenIcleanhis\nClare:Well,thankyouforofferingtohelpme.I'llhappilycleanyourfather'scarifhe'llpaymetoo.Susan:_______________________________________________________________Clare:Ihopeyou'llthankhimforme.I'dneverbeallowedtocleanmyfather'scar.Heissoproudofithewon'tletanyonetouchit.Susan:_______________________________________________________________I'msurehewill.He’salwaysbeenkindtomyfriends.Ohthisismyfather'sfourthcarsotheexcitementhaswornoffalittle.\nClare:Hisfourthcar?Mygoodness.Hemusthavebeenearningalotofmoneytohaveownedsomany.Susan:_____________________________________________________________Clare:OhIsee!Thatexplainsthings.Pleasewouldyouphonehimnowandaskhimwhenitwouldbeconvenientformetocleanit?Susan:___________________________Isupposeso.Hehashisownbusinesssoheneedsacarforhiswork.OfcourseI'lldothatrightaway.\nClare:That'ssokindofyou.NowwhileI'mdoingthecleaningperhapsyoucanorderourticketsfortheconcert.I'llgoandgetreadytobeginwork.Seeyousoon.Thanksandgoodbye.\nWhenCaptainBlighreturnedhomehewastreatedasahero.Itwasdiscussedwhetherheshouldreceiveaspecialmedalornot.Getintogroupsoffouranddiscussthesequestions.Thenrole-playthedialogue.USINGLANGUAGE1\n1SampledialogueLiPei(LP),DuZhou(DZ),WenFuqing(WF)andLiuYongfu(LY)arediscussingthejourneyandCaptainBligh'sleadershipqualities.LP:Whyareyouconvincedthatthisjourneyshowsthegreatestnavigationalskill?I'msuretheremusthavebeenothersthatwereasgood,ifnotbetter!DZ:Doyouknowofmanyotherseavoyagesofthiskind?\nWF:Well,there'sthatjourneybyShackletonfromElephantIslandintheAntarctictogethelpfromanotherislandwithawhalingstation.Hewantedtorescuehismen.Theweatherwasterribleandhewasinanopenboat,too.LY:Howcanyouthinkthatjourneywasmoredifficult?Itdidn'tlastverylong.Captain'sBligh'sjourneylastedoverfortydays,wasveryhotandtheyhadverylittlefoodandwater.ItwasbecauseCaptainBlighwasagreatleaderthattheysurvived.\nDZ:NowthatI'veheardaboutitIamveryimpressed.Allthosemenpushedtogetherinaverysmallboat,itmusthavebeenterribleforthemtostayfriendly.Meanwhiletheywerebeingdrivenmadbylackoffreshwaterandtherewasallthatsaltwaterallaroundthem.That'sthereasonIthinkitwasthegreatestseaescape.\nLP:WhenyouputitthatwayIsupposeitwasagreatachievement.CaptainBlighwascertainlyexcellentinthewayhekeptthemenoccupiedandtriedtotaketheirmindsofftheirtroubles.Inadditionhetreatedeveryonethesamewhenitcametofoodorwater.SoIthinkyouarerightanditwasthegreatestexampleofnavigationalskillagainsttheodds!Doyouagree?DZ,WFandLY(together):Yes.Wedo.\n2SampledialogueDZ:WhatleadershipqualitiesdoyouthinkCaptainBlighshowed?LP:Sincehehadsuchviolentdisagreementswithhiscrew,Ithinkhewasabadleader.WF:Doyoureally?Hedoesseemtohavehadabadtempersothathasgivenhimabadreputation.However,hewasalsokindtohismenatothertimessoIthinkhewasareasonableleader.LY:Whatdidhedo?\nWF:Heprovidedcabbagesothesailorswouldnotgetillandmadethemdancesothattheywouldstayhealthy.Thatshowshewasagoodleader.DZ:Yesindeed.Thatisonegoodquality.Howeverhavingabadtemperandgettingangryquicklyshowsabadquality.WF:NowthinkaboutthevoyagetoTimor.Onthatjourneyhewasfairwiththefood,kepteveryoneoccupiedworkingouttheboat'sposition,andkeptthecrewcheerful.Thefactthathetriedsohardtobuildco-operativebehaviorshowsgoodleadershipqualities.\nLP:Indeedhedid.Thatiswhysomepeopleregardhimasahero.LY:Well,heseemscontradictory.Heisagoodleaderinacrisisandabadonetherestofthetime.DZ:No,no!Thatseemsabitcruelalthoughitwasduetohisbadtemperthecrewtookovertheship.Itwasalsoduetohisgoodtemperthatthecrewsurvivedinthesmallboat.IthinkLiuYongfuisright.\nHewasgoodinacrisisbecausehewasfairwiththefood,encouragedteamspirit,madepeoplecheerfulandusedhisskillstogetthemhome.Buthewasabadleaderinageneralsituationbecausehegotangryoversmallthings(likeaccusingpeopleofstealingfoodordisobeyinghim)andwastooeasy-goinginTahiti(whereheletthemenrelaxtoomuchsotheydidnotwanttogobacktoEngland).LP:Hewasastrangemixtureindeed!\nAsampleletterreportDearSir,IthinkCaptainBlighshouldcertainlyreceiveaspecialmedalforhisamazingvoyageacrosstheseatoTimor.Thisisajourneythatcouldnothavebeencompletedwithoutgreatnavigationalskill.InadditionCaptainBlighdidnotloseoneman.First,heshowedhisleadershipqualitiesbysharingthefoodandwaterfairlywiththemenintheboat.Everyonewastreatedequallyandthismadeforgoodfeelingbetweenthemembersoftheboat.\nSecond,hekepteveryoneintheboatcheerfulbydiscussingwhattheywoulddowhentheyarrivedsafely.Noonewasallowedtothinkaboutwhatmighthappeniftheydidnotarrive!Third,hekeptthemoccupiedbyorganizingthecomplicatedmathematicalcalculationsneededtofindtheirpositionatsea.Thecrewwhohadtakenoverthe"Bounty"hadleftCaptainBlighwithonlyaquadrantandacompass.Thismeantthatnumerous:calculationswereneededtofindtheircorrect\nposition.CaptainBlighencouragedthecrewintheboattotakemeasurementsregularlyandeachpersonwasgivenadifferentresponsibilityforworkingoutthesemeasurements.Thisactivitywasimportantbecauseitstoppedthemenfromthinkingabouthowlittlefoodandwatertherewas.SoIhopeyouwillgiveCaptainBlighthismedal.Hehasshownleadership,fairnessandconcernforhiscrewandhelpedthemreturntoEnglandsafely.Yours,(yourname)\nReadthesewordsandthenlistentothetape.Circlethoseaidsthatearlysailorsusedtofindtheirway.Listeningandspeaking1compassmapsfishmovementsstarsweatherwavescurrentscloudsrainfallbirdsothershipsmountains\nListentothetapeagainandfillinthechart.2SailorsfromSeaorOceanSkillsPhoeniciaMediterra-neanUsedtheskytofindtheirwayNorthPolynesiaNorwayWatchedbirdstofindland.PacificStudiedthewavesoftheocean.\nThesearesomeVikingsailingdirectionsfromNorwaytoGreenland.Usetheinformationfromthelisteningtoexplainthesesailingstrategies.1_________________________________________________________________________________________________________2______________________________________________________________________3Vikingsusedtoprefertosailfollowingthecoastlinesotheycouldcheckthattheywereonthecorrectroute.Vikingsusedbirds,andnaturalfeatureslikemountains,todirecttheirships.\nPolynesianseamenhadtraditionalsayingstohelpthemwiththeirsailing.Canyouexplainwhattheymean?1"Ifyoucanreadtheocean,youwillneverbelost.”Studythewavessothatyoucanreadwhatwillhappenintheweatherorwhenlandisclose.2"Watchforwhenthesungrows.”Thepositionofthemorningsunonthehorizoncanhelpyoucheckyourcourse.4*\n3"ThestarsaretheeyesofHeaven.”Thestarscangiveyouinformationaboutyourpositionandcanhelpyou"see"whereyouare.4"Whenthebirdfliesouttosea,theseawillgrowcalm.”Birdsdonotflyouttoseaifastormiscomingsoabirdflyingawayfromtheshoremeansgoodweather.\n\n9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。。2021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202110、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/20219:31:54PM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Nov-2118-Nov-2112、故人江海别，几度隔山川。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202113、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202114、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。。18十一月20212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1815、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。十一月212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202116、行动出成果，工作出财富。。2021/11/182021/11/1818November202117、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/189、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202110、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/20219:31:54PM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Nov-2118-Nov-2112、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202113、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202114、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。18十一月20212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1815、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。。。十一月212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202116、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。。2021/11/182021/11/1818November202117、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/189、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。。2021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202110、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/20219:31:54PM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Nov-2118-Nov-2112、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18Thursday,November18,202113、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202114、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。18十一月20212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1815、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。。十一月212021/11/182021/11/182021/11/1811/18/202116、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2021/11/182021/11/1818November202117、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2021/11/182021/11/182021/11/182021/11/18MOMODAPOWERPOINTLoremipsumdolorsitamet,consecteturadipiscingelit.Fusceidurnablandit,eleifendnullaac,fringillapurus.Nullaiaculistemporfelisutcursus.感谢您的下载观看专家告诉