高中公开课虚拟语气ppt课件 39页

虚拟语气SubjunctiveMoodGRAMMER语法\n陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气Let’sgo.Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.语气的分类\n虚拟语气IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Histeachersuggestedthathegotothelibrarythisafternoon.\n条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。a.真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。\n二.‘if’虚拟条件句的概念由‘if’引导的虚拟条件句叫作‘if’虚拟条件句Icouldhavehaddinnerwithhimifhehadbeenhereyesterday.其他虚拟条件句Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadesomuchprogress.\n1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。虚拟语气IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.\nIfIhadalotofmoneyIwouldbuyavilla.\nIfitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.\na.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworldwar_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldask\n2.与过去的事实相反从句的谓语用had＋过去分词,构成IfI(we,you,he,they)＋had＋过去分词的形式；主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/mighthave＋动词过去分词。\nIfhe__________morecarefully,he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad\nIfI________howtoswimthen,I__________________trappedinthatisland.hadlearntwouldnothavebeen\na.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanksc.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone\n3.与将来事实相反从句的谓语用IfI(we,you,he,they)＋动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式,主句谓语用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might＋动词原形。\nIfhegotupearlytomorrow,hewouldgetthereontime.\n假如他来,我们会对他说什么呢？Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim?假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.\na.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,there________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe\n条件If从句谓语形式主句谓语形式过去现在未来过去时(were)would/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。过去完成时would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)\n主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.\nIfthestaff_____________whattodobefore,thebuilding___________onfirenow.wouldnotbehadbeentold\n三.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。\nIwisheverydayweremybirthday.1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式或过去进行式(be动词一般用were)。\nHebehavesasifheownedthehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.)\nIwishitwouldraintomorrow.与将来事实相反\nIwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。\nasif/asthough由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had＋过去分词”或would/could+动词原形\n他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.\nHetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.\n(3)I’dratheryou_____(pay)menow.(与现在事实相反)Iwouldratherthey______(come)tomorrow.(与将来事实相反)I’drathershe____________(notdo)that.(与过去事实相反)paidcamehadn’tdone\nTranslate:我要是你的话,我就会把英语学好。2.如果你昨天来,你就会看见他。3.万一明天下雨,我们就不到那儿去。4.我希望我十年前认识他。5.他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。IfIwereyou,Iwould/shouldlearnEnglishwell.Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldn’tgothere.IwishIhadknownhimtenyearsago.HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.\n四、Itis(high)time等从句中表示“该做而没有作的事情”，动词用一般过去时。如：It’shightimewebegantowork.[shouldbegin]Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.\n五、表示“建议、要求、命令”意义的各种从句中advisesuggestproposeinsistrequestrecommenddemandrequireurgeintendordercommand\n这些词从句谓语用虚拟语气shoulddo，should可省略。例如：HeinsistedthatJohnshoulddothisjob.Theuniondemandedthewageberaisedby20%.Wesuggestedthemeetingnotbepostponed.\n六、省掉if,从句倒装Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldn’tgothere.Hadyoucomeyesterday,youwouldhavemethim.Wereittoraintomorrow,wewouldn’tgothere.\n5)____formyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.A.NotbeingB.HaditnotbeenC.WithoutbeingD.NothavingbeenB\nPracticeEvenifhe_______(be)here,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.Withoutair,there__________(be)nolivingthings.Butforyourhelp,I__________________(not,do)itwell.IfonlyI____________(take)hisadvice,butIdidn’t.5.Iwasverybusyyesterday,otherwiseI_________________(come)tothemeeting.6.Lookattheclock!It’s(high)timewe_______________(go)home.werewouldbecouldn’thavedonehadtakenwouldhavecomewent/shouldgo\nSubjunctiveMood(虚拟语气)(Part1)\n(1)Ifheshouldcome,tellhimtoringmeup.=Shouldhecome,tellhimtoringmeup.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldnotdoit.=WereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotdoit.(2)Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.=Iftherewerenoair,therewouldbenolivingthings.(三)虚拟条件句的特殊变形\n(3)Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavegonewiththem.=IfIhadn’tbeenbusythatday,Iwouldhavegonewiththem.Iwouldhavefinishedthework,butIhavebeenill.=IfIhadn’tbeenill,Iwouldhavefinishedthework.(三)虚拟条件句的特殊变形